Soldaderas and the Making of Revolutionary Spaces
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Ricardo Flores Magón and the Transnational Anarchists in Los Angeles, 1900-1922
Ricardo Flores Magón and the Transnational Anarchists in Los Angeles, 1900-1922 Sergio Maldonado In the aftermath of the Mexican Revolution, many people such as Ricardo Flores Magón and the residents of Los Angeles found themselves in a perpetual state of exploitation by either the Mexican or U.S. governments. Mexicans found solidarity together, mounting resistance against insurmountable odds. Even under the direst of circumstances, their efforts in the early twentieth- century would propel Mexican-Americans’ identity into an epoch of self-realization that is uniquely transnational. For many Mexican-Americans in this period, Ricardo Flores Magón was their inspiration. In 1917 Flores Magón gave a speech in front of a group of Mexicans from the California cities of El Monte and La Puente, commemorating the manifesto of El Partido Liberal Mexicano. After years of struggle against the Mexican dictatorship, he explained to his comrades that they must leave behind the clasping of hands and anxiously asking ourselves what will be effective in resisting the assault of governmental tyranny and capitalist exploitation. The remedy is in our hands: that all who suffer the same evils unite, certain that before our solidity the abuses of those who base their strength in our separations and indifference will crumble. 1 This and similar calls for unity by Flores Magón and the many Mexicans residing in and around Los Angeles who flocked to listen to him together fostered the growth of Chicano nationalism. Flores Magón was a renowned anarchist intellectual of the Mexican Revolution. Many scholars have regarded him as an important figure in Chicano history and view him as a fundamental figure of Chicano nationalism due to his rebellious actions in Mexico and the United States. -
Vínculos Entre Los Zapatistas Y Los Magonistas Durante La Revolución Mexicana
Utopía y Praxis Latinoamericana ISSN: 1315-5216 ISSN: 2477-9555 [email protected] Universidad del Zulia Venezuela Vínculos entre los zapatistas y los magonistas durante la Revolución Mexicana TREJO MUÑOZ, Rubén Vínculos entre los zapatistas y los magonistas durante la Revolución Mexicana Utopía y Praxis Latinoamericana, vol. 25, núm. 90, 2020 Universidad del Zulia, Venezuela Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=27965038006 PDF generado a partir de XML-JATS4R por Redalyc Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Rubén TREJO MUÑOZ. Vínculos entre los zapatistas y los magonistas durante la Revolución Mexicana ARTÍCULOS Vínculos entre los zapatistas y los magonistas durante la Revolución Mexicana Rubén TREJO MUÑOZ Redalyc: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa? Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, México id=27965038006 [email protected] Recepción: 02 Febrero 2020 Aprobación: 30 Abril 2020 Resumen: Recuperar la memoria histórica de las dos tendencias radicales y anticapitalistas de la Revolución Mexicana desarrollada entre 1910 y 1920. El presente texto forma parte de una investigación en curso sobre los vínculos entre el zapatismo y el magonismo durante la Revolución Mexicana. Exponemos únicamente dos episodios que muestran esa colaboración. El primero refiere la participación de Ángel Barrios, magonista y zapatista destacado, en la lucha tanto del PLM como del Ejército Libertador del Sur. El segundo, es la narración de la visita que hace el magonista José Guerra a Emiliano Zapata en 1913. Palabras clave: Magonismo, zapatismo, Revolucion Mexicana, Tierra y Libertad. Abstract: Recovering the historical memory of the two radical and anticapitalistic tendencies in the 1910-1920 Mexican Revolution. -
Venustiano Carranza, a Violation of the Sovereignty of Mexico, 1916
Venustiano Carranza, A Violation of the Sovereignty of Mexico, 1916 As Venustiano Carranza attempted to consolidate power, one of his most well-known and popular backers, Francisco ‘Pancho’ Villa, turned against him. Though a brilliant strategist, Villa was unable to keep Carranza’s much larger forces from overwhelming his own troops. In desperation, and remembering that Carranza had said he would fight U.S. occupying forces in Veracruz, even though they had been initially been sent to help him, Villa hoped to provoke a U.S. invasion and attacked the town of Columbus, New Mexico. He hoped that Carranza would fight the United States, and that conflict would give him time to regroup and gain momentum against a weakened Carranza. Woodrow Wilson responded as Villa had hoped and authorized an invasion of northern Mexico to find Villa. In this document Carranza’s responds to the invasion. 1. The Mexican Government has just been informed that a group of American troops, crossing the international boundary, has entered Mexican territory and is at the present time near a place called El Pino, located about sixty miles south of the line. The crossing of these troops effected again without the consent of the Mexican Government gravely endangers the harmony and good relations which should exist between the Governments of the United States and Mexico. This Government must consider the above action as a violation of the sovereignty of Mexico, and therefore it requests in a most urgent manner that the Washington Government should consider the case carefully in order to definitely outline the policy it should follow with regard to the Mexican Nation. -
@ Copyrighted by Ward Sloan Albro, Iii 1967
Ricardo Flores Magón and the Liberal Party: an inquiry into the origins of the Mexican revolution of 1910 Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Albro, Ward S. Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 04/10/2021 11:00:40 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565157 @ COPYRIGHTED BY WARD SLOAN ALBRO, III 1967 RICARDO FLORES MAGON AND THE LIBERAL PARTY: AN INQUIRY INTO THE ORIGINS OF THE MEXICAN REVOLUTION OF 1910 by Ward Sloan Albro, III A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 19 6 7 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE I hereby recommend that this dissertation prepared under my direction by Ward Sloan Albro. Ill____________________________ entitled ftir.ardo Flores Maron and the Liberal Party: An Inquiry into the Origins of the Mexican Revolution of 1910 be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy_________________________________ After inspection of the dissertation, the following members of the Final Examination Committee concur in its approval and recommend its acceptance:* f + 6 7 Q/Aa. 1/ / 9&7 /?& .V, pa z Z *This approval and acceptance is contingent on the candidate's adequate performance and defense of this dissertation at the final oral examination. -
Legacies of the Mexican Revolution” a Video Interview with Professor Aurora Gómez-Galvarriato
DISCUSSION GUIDE FOR “LEGACIES OF THE MEXICAN REVOLUTION” a video interview with Professor Aurora Gómez-Galvarriato Organizing • What were the immediate and long-term legacies of the Mexican Questions Revolution within Mexico? • What legacies of the Mexican Revolution were intended from its outset? Which were achieved and which were not achieved? Summary Aurora Gómez-Galvarriato is a Professor of Historical Studies at Colegio de México. In this 18-minute video, Professor Gómez-Galvarriato discusses how perceptions of the legacies of the Mexican Revolution have changed over time. She talks about the immediate legacies of the Revolution, intended outcomes that did not materialize, and the legacies that have persisted until today. Objectives During and after viewing this video, students will: • identify the immediate and long-term consequences of the Mexican Revolution; • discuss to what extent the goals of the original revolutionaries were achieved by the end of the Mexican Revolution; and • evaluate whether the benefits of the Mexican Revolution justified the costs. Materials Handout 1, Overview of the Mexican Revolution, pp. 5–10, 30 copies Handout 2, Video Notes, pp. 11–13, 30 copies “LEGACIES OF THE MEXICAN REVOLUTION” DISCUSSION GUIDE 1 introduction Handout 3, Perspectives on the Legacies of the Mexican Revolution, p. 14, 30 copies Handout 4, Synthesis of Perspectives, pp. 15–16, 30 copies Handout 5, Assessing the Mexican Revolution’s Costs and Benefits, p. 17, 30 copies Answer Key 1, Overview of the Mexican Revolution, pp. 18–19 Answer Key 2, Video Notes, pp. 20–21 Answer Key 3, Perspectives on the Legacies of the Mexican Revolution, p. -
Drew Halevy on Emiliano Zapata: Revolution and Betrayal in Mexico
Samuel Brunk. Emiliano Zapata: Revolution and Betrayal in Mexico. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1995. xvi + 360 pp. $45.00, cloth, ISBN 978-0-8263-1619-6. Reviewed by Drew P. Halevy Published on H-LatAm (April, 1996) Emiliano Zapata: Revolution and Betrayal in nity. Zapata, as presented by Brunk, is a man Mexico by Samuel Brunk gives a highly redefined whose worldview and political beliefs and devel‐ view of Zapata and his revolutionary movement. opment as a leader evolved slowly over time. Brunk approaches Zapata from a different per‐ Brunk gives a fairly concise overview of the spective than seen in previous works, looking at roots of the Mexican Revolution in the beginning Zapata the man, rather than Zapata the leader. of the work. The last two-thirds of the book deal In his introduction, Brunk states that the "pri‐ with Zapata's increasing role in the Mexican Revo‐ mary goal of this book, then, is to provide a much lution. needed political biography of Zapata, and to Zapata is presented objectively by Brunk in demonstrate in the process that his choices and this work. Brunk does not shy away from dealing actions did have a historical impact" (p. xvi). By with the historical charges of brutality and ban‐ taking this approach, Brunk not only gives a back‐ ditry made against some of those under Zapata's ground to Zapata's political belief, but also greatly banner. While acknowledging these actions, humanizes Zapata the historical figure. Brunk tends to downplay them, stating that other Brunk starts his work by examining Zapata's revolutionary groups were also guilty of atroci‐ upbringing in the state of Morelos. -
Soldaderas and the Staging of the Mexican Revolution 1
Soldaderas and the Staging of the Mexican Revolution 1 Alicia Arrizón Si Adelita se fuera con otro la seguiría por tierra y por mar. Si por mar en un buque de guerra Si por tierra en un tren militar. Adelita, por Dios te lo ruego, calma el fuego de esta mi pasión, porque te amo y te quiero rendido y por ti sufre mi fiel corazón. 2 If Adelita should go with another I would follow her over land and sea. If by sea in a battleship If by land on a military train. Adelita, for God’s sake I beg you, calm the fire of my passion, because I love you and I cannot resist it and my faithful heart suffers for you. 3 “La Adelita” was one of the most popular songs of the Mexican Revolution (1910–1920). According to some sources (see Soto 1990:44), this ballad was originally inspired by a Durangan woman who had joined the Maderista movement4 at an early age. Troubadours made the song—and Adelita her- self—a popular emblem of the Revolution. As Baltasar Dromundo put it, “las guitarras de todas partes se iban haciendo eruditas en ese canto hasta que por fin la Revolución hizo de ella su verdadero emblema nacional” (guitar ists from all over were becoming experts in that song and it became the true em- blem of the Revolution) ( 1936:40). Significantly, Adelita’s surname, as well as the family names of many other soldaderas (soldier-women), remained virtually unknown. However, the popular songs composed in honor of these women contributed enormously to their fame and to documenting their role in the Revolution. -
A Comparative Analysis of Political Ideology Convergencia
Convergencia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales ISSN: 1405-1435 [email protected] Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México México Flores, María de los Ángeles Film vs. Television Versions of the Mexican Revolution: a Comparative Analysis of Political Ideology Convergencia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, vol. 7, núm. 23, septiembre, 2000, pp. 177-195 Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Toluca, México Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=10502307 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Film Vs. Tele vi sion Ver sions of the Mex i can Rev o lu tion: a Com par a tive Anal y sis of Po lit i cal Ide ol ogy1 María de los Ángeles Flores Gutiérrez Universidad de Texas en Aus tin, USA Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un análisis comparativo en tre la manera que la televisión y el cine representan la ideología política de la Revolución Mexicana. Fran cisco I. Madero y Ricardo Flores Magón son considerados los más importantes precursores ideológicos de la lucha ar mada. En este estudio presentamos sus principales líneas de pensamiento, igualmente se analiza la forma en que el cine y la televisión han representado en pantalla sus ideas revolucionarias. La muestra de este estudio es la película de la época de oro del cine mexicano “Enamorada” (1946) y la telenovela “Senda de Glo ria” (1987). -
Plan of Ayala, 1911, by Emiliano Zapata
http://social.chass.ncsu.edu/slatta/hi216/documents/ayala.htm Plan of Ayala, 1911, by Emiliano Zapata Note on the document: Zapata and his peasant followers in Morelos fought hard against the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz, trying to regain their lands stolen from them. Originally a backer and ally of Diaz's successor, President Francisco Madero, Zapata turned against Madero after concluding that the new president had betrayed his promises to the people of Mexico. Look for specific complaints lodged by Zapata and his followers against Madero. Thanks to Professor Richard Slatta for permission to reproduce this translation and introduction from his web site. Liberating Plan of the sons of the State of Morelos, affiliated with the Insurgent Army which defends the fulfillment of the Plan of San Luis, with the reforms which it has believed proper to add in benefit of the Mexican Fatherland. We who undersign, constituted in a revolutionary junta to sustain and carry out the promises which the revolution of November 20, 1910 just past, made to the country, declare solemnly before the face of the civilized world which judges us and before the nation to which we belong and which we call [sic, llamamos, misprint for amamos, love], propositions which we have formulated to end the tyranny which oppresses us and redeem the fatherland from the dictatorships which are imposed on us, which [propositions] are determined in the following plan: 1. Taking into consideration that the Mexican people led by Don Francisco I. Madero went to shed their blood to reconquer liberties and recover their rights which had been trampled on, and not for a man to take possession of power, violating the sacred principles which he took an oath to defend under the slogan "Effective Suffrage and No Reelection," outraging thus the faith, the cause, the justice, and the liberties of the people: taking into consideration that that man to whom we refer is Don Francisco I. -
Venustiano Carranza-Biografía.Pdf
tiano Carra nus nza Ve L VA UIS DO BARRÓN CÓR Biografías para niñas y niños SECRETARÍA DE CULTURA Alejandra Frausto Guerrero Secretaria de Cultura INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTUDIOS HISTÓRICOS DE LAS REVOLUCIONES DE MÉXICO Felipe Arturo Ávila Espinosa Director General enustia V no C ar ra n z a L U I S B A RR ÓN C ÓRDOVA MÉXICO 2020 Ediciones impresas: Primera edición, INEHRM, 1986. Segunda edición, INEHRM, 2018. Ediciones en formato electrónico: Primera edición, INEHRM, 2019. Segunda edición, INEHRM, 2020. D. R. © Luis Córdova Barrón D. R. © Fernando Méndez Contreras, ilustraciones de interiores. D. R. © Rodrigo Oscar Rivera Meneses, ilustración de portada. D. R. © Instituto Nacional de Estudios Históricos de las Revoluciones de México (INEHRM), Francisco I. Madero núm. 1, Colonia San Ángel, C. P. 01000, Alcaldía Álvaro Obregón, Ciudad de México. www.inehrm.gob.mx Las características gráficas y tipográficas de esta edición son propiedad del Instituto Nacional de Estudios Históricos de las Revoluciones de México, órgano desconcentrado de la Secretaría de Cultura. Todos los derechos reservados. Queda prohibida la reproducción total o parcial de esta obra por cualquier medio o procedimiento, comprendidos la reprografía y el tratamiento informático, la fotocopia o la grabación, sin la previa autorización por escrito del Instituto Nacional de Estudios Históricos de las Revoluciones de México. ISBN: 978-607-549-160-8 HECHO EN MÉXICO. Biografías para niñas y niños I NFANC I A enustiano Carranza Garza nació el 29 de V diciembre de 1859 en Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila. Fue el undécimo de quince hijos —diez mujeres y cinco hombres—, del matrimonio for- mado por Jesús Carranza Neira y María de Jesús Garza. -
Page 1 of 43 IB HL History Mr. Blackmon Mexican Revolution: The
IB HL History Mr. Blackmon Mexican Revolution: The Constructive Phase 1920-40 A Brief Sketch All quotes are from Meyer, Michael C. and Sherman, William L. The Course of Mexican History. 4th Ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991. unless otherwise stated Event Date Significance Presidency of 1920-1924 His administration faced the post World War I depression. Alvaro Obregón Mexico was the 3rd largest producer of petroleum in the world. This will certainly not reduce US interest Obregón: José Vasconcelos institutes a vigorous program of rural education. His purpose (at this time) Education was to integrate the Indians into mainstream mestizo society, to incorporate them into a raza cósmica. (Meyer 572-3) Vasconcelos and Vasconcelos employed the Muralists– Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro the Muralists Siqueiros– to decorate buildings with works that would also educate. Obregón: Obregón could not enforce the complete secularization of education because he lacked the Education resources to dispense with the Church. To prevent himself from being perceived as pro-Church, he encouraged Protestant missionaries to enter the country. Page 1 of 43 Event Date Significance Obregón: Labor Obregón favored CROM over any other union organization. Morones chose to moderate his positions rather than risk being crushed. Membership rose from 50,000 in 1920 to 1,200,000 in 1924. (Meyer 575) Obregón: Obregón is cautious. He did not wish to disrupt the hacienda system. Redistribution of the land Agrarian Reform would result in reduced productivity, and he also wished to avoid that. Land redistribution is very modest: 3,000,000 acres. -
LET's LOOK ZAPATA Diego Rivera Created This Print of Revolutionary
ZAPATA Diego Rivera created this print of revolutionary leader and land- reform champion Emiliano Zapata in 1932, twelve years after the end of the Mexican Revolution. Dressed in simple white peasant clothing, Zapata and his horse stand over the lifeless figure of a soldier. The farm workers for whose cause he fought gather behind him. In con- 1932 Lithograph trast to the soldier’s sword, Zapata and his followers carry farming Image: 16 1/4 × 13 1/8 inches (41.3 × 33.4 cm) tools as weapons, showing their close ties to the land. Sheet: 17 1/16 × 14 inches (43.4 × 35.5 cm) ABOUT THIS ARTIST JOSÉ DIEGO MARÍA RIVERA Mexican Diego Rivera (1886–1957) was born in Mexico to parents of Purchased with the Lola Downin Peck Fund from the Carl and Laura Zigrosser Collection, 1976, 1976-97-114 European and Mexican ancestry. Because of his amazing drawing ability, he was accepted to the Academia de San Carlos, a pres- tigious art school in Mexico City, at the age of twelve. When Rivera LET’S LOOK What do you think is was twenty-one, he received a government scholarship to travel in happening in this picture? Spain and France. There he met leading modern artists, including What happened before Pablo Picasso, and learned to paint in the Cubist style that was this moment? popular in Europe. What will happen next? In 1921 Rivera returned home. He and other Mexican artists began How is the main figure, Zapata, dressed? to look to pre-Columbian artifacts (made before the arrival of What is he holding? Columbus to the Americas) and native folk art for inspiration, hoping How are the people to create works that were uniquely Mexican.