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Audrey Bernstein Mudd In Your Eye Newsletter of the Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University Number 32 • March 2007 “Great importance is given to chemistry as an elementary branch of learning.” — Lehigh Register 1866 Vezenov Wins Major protein or a DNA) and pulling on those ends to stretch the Grant From NIH molecule. This technique is known as “force spectros- copy” and can be used to study the mechanical properties he National Human Genome Research Institute of polymers on a single-molecule basis, measuring the T (NHGRI), part of the National Institutes of Health, behavior of a molecule under stress. has awarded Assistant Professor Dmitri Vezenov’s re- Applying force spectroscopy to the process of the search in force spectroscopy with a grant of $905,000 DNA replication, the identification of the nucleotides can over a three-year period as part of their program to sup- be based on the changes experienced by the molecule as a port the development of innovative technologies that re- whole. “If we can detect how properties of DNA, viewed duce the cost of DNA sequencing and expand the use of as just another polymer, change after addition of a single genomics in medical research and health care. base,” Vezenov says, “then there are serious implications Currently it costs around $10 million to sequence the for genomics, because one can imagine sequencing 3 billion base pairs representing the entire DNA in the without fluorescent labels and time-consuming nucleus of every human purification steps, as with the cell. The NHGRI Revolu- current state of the art.” “Hopefully,” he adds, “full tionary Genome Sequenc- genome sequencing will be ing Technologies program, something that an average now in its fourth year, physician can do and our seeks to lower the cost to intent is to demonstrate a $100,000 in the near term, low-cost table-top setup for which would allow the se- that use.” quencing of the genomes of The key to the group’s hundreds of people and approach is the potential to help identify the genes con- create a parallel platform tributing to disease. The where millions of bases can ultimate goal for the be followed in the force NHGRI is to assist in the spectroscopy experiment at development of sequencing the same time. Vezenov’s technologies that achieve group will build a setup $1,000 per genome, which where they can observe Vezenov’s research group discussing DNA pulling experiments. would enable the se- thousands of single DNA quencing of an individual’s L to R: (standing) Prof. Jutta Marzillier, Dr. Jin Seon Park, Piercen Oliver; (seated) Jonathan Cooper, Kyle Wagner, Amber fragments and pull on them genome as part of their rou- Mantz, and Dmitri Vezenov. with controlled forces in the tine medical care. Accord- sub-nanoNewton range. In ing to NHGRI, “the ability to sequence an individual ge- order to apply small forces and detect changes in nome cost-effectively could enable health care profes- molecular conformation, the group is developing new sionals to tailor diagnosis, treatment and prevention to nanometer-sized probes to replace force microscope tips each person’s genetic profile.” in direct force measurements on biomolecules. Vezenov was one of nine grant recipients this year In this project, Vezenov is collaborating with several whose work is directed toward the $1,000 level genome. other researchers, both on campus and elsewhere. Dr. His group aims to develop a new sequencing platform on Jutta Marzillier, Professor of Practice in Biological the basis of the difference in mechanical properties of Sciences, is director of genomics facilities at Lehigh single-stranded and double-stranded DNA molecules. University and will apply molecular biology techniques to With modern instruments such as scanning force micros- process genomic DNA and to enable new bioconjugation copy one can apply forces to biomolecules in a controlled chemistry to link the DNA to solid surfaces and way by grabbing the two ends of a biopolymer (e.g. a nanometer-sized magnetic and optical probes. Dr. Weixian Zhang, Professor of Environmental Chair’s Message Engineering at Lehigh, will share his expertise on the synthesis of magnetic iron nanoparticles. Professor Fridon he Chemistry Department is undergoing a number of Shubitidze of Dartmouth College, a physicist with a Tmajor changes in the coming months. During this background in the theoretical treatment of optics and summer, the HVAC system in Seeley Mudd is being up- electromagnetism, will work on modeling photonic graded. While this upgrade will be disruptive, the changes response of sub-wavelength probes, but also will move will provide the infrastructure to double the number of from electro-dynamics to thermodynamics to model hoods in the building. As a result, these changes will sig- behavior of DNA molecules under stress. nificantly enhance our undergraduate and research labora- Shortly after Vezenov’s grant was announced, NHGRI tories. director Francis Collins participated in a press conference The department is also continuing to change its cur- announcing the establishment of a $10 million prize riculum to better serve our students. As a part of our changes to the chemistry curriculum, the department has offered by the X Prize Foundation for the creation of developed an integrated upper level laboratory sequence rapid genome sequencing technology. According to their that combines synthetic methods and analysis of inorganic web site at http://genomics.xprize.org, the “cash prize has and organic compounds. The multi-week experiments will been created to revolutionize the medical world” by provide students with training on a number of modern stimulating competition in genomics relating to sequenc- instruments and better prepare them for their careers as ing techniques. professional chemists. Professor Jim Roberts has been the Vezenov came to Lehigh a year ago (See Mudd in main driver for this course and the department is grateful Your Eye, No. 29, July 2005) after postdoctoral studies at for his efforts. This course sequence will be initiated in Harvard. His research interests include force spectros- the fall semester 2007. copy of soft matter, nanostructural characterizations of During the past six months, a number of our faculty materials and surfaces, optical near field techniques, and have been recognized with awards and research funding. optofluidics. Chemistry Department chairman Robert Bruce Koel has been named the forthcoming recipient of Flowers said that the NIH recognized Vezenov’s novel the 2007 George A. Olah Award in Hydrocarbon or approach to genome sequencing and that “the department Petroleum Chemistry. The award, which will be presented is thrilled that he is having such an important impact this at the annual meeting of the American Chemical Society early in his career.” in March 2007, is a national honor that recognizes, encourages and stimulates outstanding research achievements in hydrocarbon and petroleum. Dmitri V. Vezenov recently received a three-year grant from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) for the development of innovative sequencing technologies that reduce the cost of DNA sequencing and expand the use of genomics in medical research and health care. Pro- fessor Ned Heindel and collaborators at Rutgers were recently awarded a five year grant from the Department of Homeland security. The department is very pleased with the recent success and recognition of our colleagues. At the end of the summer 2007, Professor Dan Zeroka will be retiring after 40 years of service to the department and University. Along with being a great colleague, Dan has been responsible for a great deal of the administrative duties in the department through his role as associate chair. His dedication to high standards, excellent instruc- tion, and attention to detail is appreciated by colleagues and students alike and his contributions to the department will be greatly missed. We wish him the best in the next phase of his career. In closing, I would like to thank all of you for your letters containing updates and news. Your continued sup- port of the department is greatly appreciated. If you hap- Harvey A. Neville, chemistry professor pen to be in the area and want to see some of the big 1926-1964, only faculty member elected as changes occurring in the department, please stop by. I President of the University, 1961–1964. would be very happy to show you around and describe (photo by R. D. Billinger, 1926) our plans for the future. Newsletter Number 32 — Page 2 Alumni News the time of moving from R&D she had three direct reports who were completing the research. She writes “that at this William Adams (M.S. 1973, Ph.D. 1976) has been point in my career here, it is a good decision as I will gain named chemistry coordinator for the Salem (Massachu- new perspectives in delivering a product post R&D work, setts) State College Masters of Arts in Teaching Pro- learning about supply chains and procurement and the gram. Bill has created an online graduate-level course for ever increasing involvement of work done overseas, High School Chemistry teachers entitled “Advanced Top- which is new territory for me. It was a bit of a transition, ics in Organic Chemistry.” though, to put my lab coat away.” Lawrence Casper (Ph.D. 1984) has recently been named Denise L. Rieker (M.S. 1991) has been promoted to Di- the associate director of the Biomedical Engineering Cen- rector of Regulatory Policy at sanofipasteur, Swiftwater, ter at the University of Wisconsin-Madison PA. (http://bmec.wisc.edu/). He also serves as director of the Coulter Translational Research Partnership in Biomedical Jack Vanderryn (B.A. 1951, M.S. 1952, Ph.D. physical Engineering. Casper is in his seventeenth year as assistant chemistry 1955) retired on January 1, 2006 from his post dean for research and tech transfer in the College of Engi- as senior fellow for environment and development at the neering.
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