Suggested Teaching Strategy

Rhythm, Metre, and Tempo: Key Terminology Starter Packs, Intermediate UK- Grade 3-4 ABRSM Theory and Year 10-11 GCSE; USA – Grades 9-10 Suggested Teaching Strategy

These ‘starter’ packs are great for teaching key vocabulary for High School/ Secondary School Music, regardless of the syllabus that you use. Not only do they provide consistency to the start of your lessons, they ensure you are always able to tick that literacy and numeracy box (puzzles = maths!) for every lesson, without any further thought. There are 4 stages. Stage 1: Pre-teaching the key words. This is the Word Search activities (7 in this pack). There is nothing better to focus students’ minds on key words than trying to find the words in a word search. These should be done as a starter to the lesson. Stage 2: Pre-teaching the definitions. This is the Flash Card activities (7 in this pack). This should be the homework for the same lesson they complete the word search in. Through independent learning, students must write the key words and definitions in a grid. This grid can easily be transformed into flash cards for revision at a later date, by cutting, folding, and sticking. Stage 3: Teaching the terms. This is the Mix and Match activities in the answer booklets (7 in the pack). Guillotine and laminate the master answer sheets for the terms and full definitions. At the start of the lesson after the independent learning homework, have the students match the terms and definitions in groups. They can then check their own definitions against the master ones. Stage 4: Consolidating the terms. This is the Crossword activities (7 in the pack). Anything puzzle-related is accessing maths through the problem-solving avenue. However, crosswords are great for revising definitions and terms. Ideally this is given as homework on the same day as the Mix and Match starter – especially if you have taught the terms in a listening context on that day, too (which I would have done, and would recommend doing). Students should also finalise their Flash Cards as part of this homework, too. Repeat until all vocabulary from all areas is taught. By sticking to this system, across all of your theory-based lessons, you guarantee teaching all of the vocab in chunks with pre-teaching, teaching, and revision taken care of. Furthermore, when all of this has been done, your students’ Flash Cards, which they create as they go along, can easily become the basis of ‘Quiz-Quiz-Trade’ Starters and Plenaries towards the exam! Just have a separate laminated set of the Mix and Match resources, but with the key word and definition still attached! Easy, manageable, structured, and student-friendly. Enjoy!

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G Y X J W U C N U Y Q F A H Z A L L E G R O H G N G E Z K E Z G E F O E O T S E R P B A B U G I A T D N O A Y A L O O H V H D V N G P G A R V O E Z M F L I M T D S D P L E A W L O R Z W O R Q A Q S G W D M K R N A W D N G L N O I R Z O I G J X W L I Y Z J T A M X K M P N I Q O H E N A L E H E H K Y W N W G C A A H C Q Y J X I S D E J R N R Q A K U O K N I P E N F A I L V Y C I S Q F B O E J U L U I M Q N W X G N R F S F D A V J R V T H Z C Q R E

ADAGIO ALLEGRO ANDANTE GRAVE LARGO MODERATO PRESTO VIVACE

* You have 5 minutes to find as many words as you can. You will complete the rest for homework in addition to researching the definitions of these words.

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* Homework: write the 8 words from the word search in the left column – one word in each box. Then, through independent learning, research the definitions of each of these 8 words, and write the definitions in the right column next to the appropriate term. Each row can then be cut out, folded, stuck, and turned into a flashcard, ready for exam revision.

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Across 1. A tempo that means 'at ease' and has a metronome marking of between 70 and 80 BPM. 4. A tempo that means 'quickly' and has a metronome marking of between 120 and 140 BPM. 6. A tempo that means 'lively' and has a metronome marking of between 140 and 160 BPM. 7. A tempo that means 'moderately' and has a metronome marking of between 100 and 120 BPM.

Down 2. A tempo that means 'serious' and has a metronome marking of between 40 and 50 BPM. 3. A tempo that means 'fast' and has a metronome marking of between 160 and 190 BPM. 5. A tempo that means 'broadly' and has a metronome marking of between 50 and 60 BPM. 8. A tempo that means 'at walking pace' and has a metronome marking of between 80 and 100 BPM.

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I R R E G U L A R M E T R E F B E R T E M E L P U R D A U Q T Y E H R R S C H D K W X Q J S E C L T M T Z R J M R M B C P I O J E L Y E J W F I T Y O W A M P M J V D M Z E R M D F R L P P E F R A U Y I Q R V Y W Y O F L N L Y Y P L W O F P M S U Q P E F Q L Q W O D P Z D X N D U O T E B V S M P X J I Q D Z D S M I I Z Y R K I X T X T Q Z E K U M U A A N F U G Y I R T W E Z E E L M U D R M G M R O R D C R U L K H K N F R E E M E T R E R L M B O H

COMPOUND TIME DUPLE METRE FREE METRE IRREGULAR METRE POLYMETRE QUADRUPLE METRE SIMPLE TIME TRIPLE METRE

* You have 5 minutes to find as many words as you can. You will complete the rest for homework in addition to researching the definitions of these words.

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Across 1. This is a type of metre where each main beat divides equally into 3 un-dotted note durations. 6. This is a type of metre where each main beat divides equally into 2 un-dotted note durations. 7. This is a type of metre which uses more than one time signature simultaneously. 8. This is a type of metre which has 3 beats in every bar (standard or dotted).

Down 2. This is a type of metre which has neither 2, 3, nor 4 beats in every bar (standard or dotted). 3. This is a type of metre which has 4 beats in every bar (standard or dotted). 4. This is a special type of metre in which there is an absence of a steady pulse. 5. This is a type of metre which has 2 beats in every bar (standard or dotted).

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N L E Z D H I Y D U P L E T S D I R V R A V M V S F R Q D U L J E H Z Q Z M B B U D P I P D D S T E L P I R T H P A M C S Z E W C M W L A M G B Q H F D C O E J O I N U L A J D T Z B Q S J V Z G O H R D P U Y W T P L I Y I M V L B N M E H M U W R G S W C I V A X L U R D P U I E Z U N S O A Z N B S L L J M T D E R M W J X H V S L E I N U S O G C E K M K J O J T V I S M D F I A A X U K R T S Z J I L E C Z S N E R X C D U O X S A Z N G P N A E D N I

ANACRUSIS BARLINES CROSS-RHYTHM DUPLETS HEMIOLA TIME SIGNATURE TRIPLETS TUPLETS

* You have 5 minutes to find as many words as you can. You will complete the rest for homework in addition to researching the definitions of these words.

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Across 2. These are the lines which organises the music into small sections that add up to the value indicated by the time signature. 3. This is a metric feature in simple time, where 3 notes are squeezed into the time of 2. 8. This is a metric feature whereby 2 or more rhythms which are, or sound like they are, in different metres, are played simultaneously.

Down 1. This is found at the start of a piece of music and it looks like a fraction. 4. These are metric features which divide beats into different ratios, such as 5 in the time of 4. 5. This is a metric feature in compound time, where 2 notes are stretched over the time of 3. 6. This is a metric feature which makes music in triple time sound as though it is in duple time, or the other way around. 7. This is a metric feature at the start of a piece of music, which causes the first and last bars to have less beats in them than all of the others.

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B Z K S G U Z O Z R W X Z I X Y B E R I T E N U T O H F H W Y R T I A Y N V D D X B D R D P Q I O Q M T G N M X I Q I Z O S S T K P E A E Y G R E E I D E A H A W G M F P L I G M K N L Q V O R U Y O C O Y I V M A M Y X A M D A F N H M G F P R A L L E N T A N D O D E C B E L L T E Z S C N R R R A T C L A K C D A K A O D M C T J F E Y Y V O P M E T A O S G E M C D X L X L V C T D Y Y I B M C Q W W O G U A V K Q B S E F A H I M U Z N W L N H P G D W

ACCELERANDO ALLARGANDO A TEMPO FERMATA METRONOME MARK RALLENTANDO RITARDANDO RITENUTO

* You have 5 minutes to find as many words as you can. You will complete the rest for homework in addition to researching the definitions of these words.

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Across 3. A temporal instruction to delay the music, which is generally interpreted as slowing down. 6. This is a temporal instruction to briefly bring the music to a standstill, or pause. 7. A temporal instruction to gradually broaden the music.

Down 1. This is a temporal instruction at the start of the music which specifies an exact tempo in beats per minute (BPM). 2. This is an instruction to return to the original tempo. 3. A temporal instruction which literally means 'slowing down'. 4. A temporal instruction to hold the music back, which is generally interpreted as slowing down. 5. A temporal instruction to gradually get faster.

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N N N A T I J C P N M N U Y U W Y Q W D I M I N U T I O N A K P Q R K K O G E F I T Q V D T Y E S N E E G N W U B B B M M H T Y H R Y L O P C T I N D Q X O N S Z U H I M H R O I A H X O C E E F B T W H L N W O L Z O O D Y T X A Y R Z K E T T P C P K X E O T T B H V H R X Z N A C A R H N H O O V W N Y X Q T N B M O E D O R C E T A J K I A H T I M R E N D Y S D F Y O X N P C G R R I F A U J T W N F U C E U B Z K T L N J J R K O B U U A N E M C J H

AUGMENTATION BI-RHYTHM DIMINUTION GROOVE POLYRHYTHM RUBATO SYNCOPATION TIED NOTES

* You have 5 minutes to find as many words as you can. You will complete the rest for homework in addition to researching the definitions of these words.

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Across 2. This is a rhythmic feature, whereby two (and only two) conflicting rhythms are played at the same time. 4. This is a rhythmic feature whereby note durations are performed with some freedom, but there is still a clear pulse. 6. This is a rhythmic development feature whereby the note durations in a musical idea are halved. 7. This is a rhythmic feature whereby two or more note durations are joined together, but they only serve to extend the duration of the 1st note. 8. This is a rhythmic feature, whereby several conflicting rhythms are played at the same time.

Down 1. This is a rhythmic feature which involves the emphasis of beats which are not normally emphasised, mainly off-beats. 3. This is the general name for specific rhythms which give different genres their distinctive feel, or vibe. 5. This is a rhythmic development feature whereby the note durations in a musical idea are doubled.

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R V Q S A E I L L D D N M R V N F S N W X A Q V A D S O S U O F F C H A A L V D Z O N W X T Z T C O R R N X C L N J T C I F A T Q T M G K F W C A K Z S R E M C X C P E N A L G Y K T R B U N O I H U U A A M B G W Z E R D W T A S L W V B A Y Y K L U S O R A N N O E D B X Q C F O T D C V E I A P F F E L W F R B J I O X B M P V Q G U I U Z B M G A G M K B I R A O O H W L J H L Q P Q C J O Y F V S V T M S S J A T J A K Z A M H T Y H R G N U W S M B C

BACK-BEAT CHAAL FOUR-TO-THE-FLOOR SCOTCH SNAP SHUFFLE BEAT SON CLAVE SWUNG RHYTHM TALA

* You have 5 minutes to find as many words as you can. You will complete the rest for homework in addition to researching the definitions of these words.

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Across 2. This is the name of the rhythmic groove which gives disco music its distinctive feel. 5. This is the name of the rhythmic groove which gives Cuban and Latin music its distinctive feel. 6. This is the name of the rhythmic groove which gives pop and rock music its distinctive feel. 7. This is the name of the rhythmic groove which gives Bhangra music its distinctive feel.

Down 1. This is a specific rhythmic groove in which a pair of quavers are altered to a crotchet and quaver within a triplet. 3. This is a rhythmic feature in Jazz whereby pairs of quavers are changed so the first is longer, and the second is shorter. 4. This is the collective name for the different types of specific rhythms in Indian Classical and Hindustani music. 5. This is the name of the 2-note rhythm which gives Scottish Folk Dance music its distinctive feel.

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R R K F H M P J F T D Q E V Q Z S X O P G I G U E E Q V U O R B K O Z D H N U K B R Z X C Q G F E G L A H U N S I R W E R Z G L T L G V D E W Q R F T T E C I C N E X D H T A I N V D D B O S R E N T K W C G N G N N S U X G A R B C U A A J V E A R O Z M V U R D V K U H V Y B X B E É R R U O B D D J P R A E L L K V D T L C W O U F J R L I O R A T T G Q F N U J H A R X U A E V L P Y H H K I G S P G D T C R I A Y Z W M K D Q X G F B Y S V B O L V H T

ALLEMANDE BOURRÉE CORRENTE GAVOTTE GIGUE MINUET RIGAUDON SARABANDE

* You have 5 minutes to find as many words as you can. You will complete the rest for homework in addition to researching the definitions of these words.

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Across 3. This is a lively French clog dance in duple or quadruple metre. It has a 1-beat anacrusis. 5. This is a slow, triple-metre Spanish dance with origins in South America. The 2nd beat of the bar is slightly accented. 7. This is a moderately fast, French, quadruple-metre dance that begins with a half-bar anacrusis. 8. This is a steady-tempo, triple-metre dance that found a new home for itself in the Classical Symphony.

Down 1. This is a very fast, Italian, triple-metre dance that means 'running'. 2. This is a lively, French, compound duple metre dance with origins in the Celtic and English Jig. 4. This is a very energetic French court dance in duple or quadruple metre, named after a dance master from Marseille. 6. This is a moderate tempo, French dance in duple metre. It means 'German dance'.

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