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Human Anatomy Lab Manual HUMAN ANATOMY LAB MANUAL Wilk-Blaszczak Human Anatomy Lab Manual Wilk-Blaszczak This text is disseminated via the Open Education Resource (OER) LibreTexts Project (https://LibreTexts.org) and like the hundreds of other texts available within this powerful platform, it freely available for reading, printing and "consuming." Most, but not all, pages in the library have licenses that may allow individuals to make changes, save, and print this book. Carefully consult the applicable license(s) before pursuing such effects. Instructors can adopt existing LibreTexts texts or Remix them to quickly build course-specific resources to meet the needs of their students. Unlike traditional textbooks, LibreTexts’ web based origins allow powerful integration of advanced features and new technologies to support learning. The LibreTexts mission is to unite students, faculty and scholars in a cooperative effort to develop an easy-to-use online platform for the construction, customization, and dissemination of OER content to reduce the burdens of unreasonable textbook costs to our students and society. The LibreTexts project is a multi-institutional collaborative venture to develop the next generation of open-access texts to improve postsecondary education at all levels of higher learning by developing an Open Access Resource environment. The project currently consists of 13 independently operating and interconnected libraries that are constantly being optimized by students, faculty, and outside experts to supplant conventional paper-based books. These free textbook alternatives are organized within a central environment that is both vertically (from advance to basic level) and horizontally (across different fields) integrated. The LibreTexts libraries are Powered by MindTouch® and are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Unless otherwise noted, LibreTexts content is licensed by CC BY-NC-SA 3.0. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation nor the US Department of Education. Have questions or comments? For information about adoptions or adaptions contact [email protected]. More information on our activities can be found via Facebook (https://facebook.com/Libretexts), Twitter (https://twitter.com/libretexts), or our blog (http://Blog.Libretexts.org). This text was compiled on 09/22/2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS This is a lab manual for a college-level human anatomy course. Mastery of anatomy requires a fair amount of memorization and recall skills. The activities in this manual encourage students to engage with new vocabulary in many ways, including grouping key terms, matching terms to structures, recalling definitions, and written exercises. Most of the activities in this manual utilize anatomical models, and several dissections of animal tissues and histological examinations are also included. Each unit includes both pre- and post-lab questions and six lab exercises designed for a classroom where students move from station to station. The vocabulary terms used in each unit are listed at the end of the manual and serve as a checklist for practicals. 1: LAB 1- ANATOMICAL LANGUAGE 1.1: LAB 1- ANATOMICAL LANGUAGE 1.2: PRE-LAB 1 1.3: LAB ACTIVITIES 1.4: POST-LAB 1 QUESTIONS BACK MATTER INDEX 2: LAB 2- BONES AND BONE MARKINGS 2.1: LAB 2- BONES AND BONE MARKINGS 2.2: PRE-LAB 2 2.3: LAB ACTIVITIES 2.4: POST-LAB 2 QUESTIONS 3: LAB 3- SPINAL CORD AND SPINAL NERVES 3.1: LAB 3- SPINAL CORD AND SPINAL NERVES 3.2: LAB ACTIVITIES 3.3: POST-LAB 3 QUESTIONS 4: LAB 4- BRAIN AND CRANIAL NERVES 4.1: LAB 4- BRAIN AND CRANIAL NERVES 4.2: PRE-LAB 4 4.3: LAB ACTIVITIES 4.4: POST-LAB 4 QUESTIONS 5: LAB 5- SPECIAL SENSES 5.1: LAB 5- SPECIAL SENSES 5.2: PRE-LAB 5 5.3: LAB ACTIVITIES 5.4: POST-LAB 5 QUESTIONS 6: LAB 6- RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 6.1: LAB 6- RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 6.2: LAB ACTIVITIES 6.3: POST-LAB 6 QUESTIONS 7: LAB 7- THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 7.1: LAB 7- THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 7.2: PRE-LAB 7 7.3: LAB ACTIVITIES 7.4: POST-LAB 7 QUESTIONS 8: LAB 8- DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 1 9/22/2021 8.1: LAB 8- DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 8.2: PRE-LAB 8 8.3: LAB ACTIVITIES 8.4: POST-LAB 8 QUESTIONS 9: LAB 9- URINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS 9.1: LAB 9- URINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS 9.2: PRE-LAB 9 9.3: LAB ACTIVITIES 9.4: POST-LAB 9 QUESTIONS 10: LAB 10- THE MUSCULAR AND INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEMS 10.1: LAB 10- THE MUSCULAR AND INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEMS 10.2: PRE-LAB 10 10.3: LAB ACTIVITIES 10.4: POST-LAB 10 QUESTIONS BACK MATTER INDEX GLOSSARY LINKS BY CHAPTER GLOSSARY 2 9/22/2021 CHAPTER OVERVIEW 1: LAB 1- ANATOMICAL LANGUAGE This is a lab manual for a college-level human anatomy course. Mastery of anatomy requires a fair amount of memorization and recall skills. The activities in this manual encourage students to engage with new vocabulary in many ways, including grouping key terms, matching terms to structures, recalling definitions, and written exercises. Most of the activities in this manual utilize anatomical models, and several dissections of animal tissues and histological examinations are also included. Each unit includes both pre- and post-lab questions and six lab exercises designed for a classroom where students move from station to station. The vocabulary terms used in each unit are listed at the end of the manual and serve as a checklist for practicals. 1.1: LAB 1- ANATOMICAL LANGUAGE 1.2: PRE-LAB 1 1.3: LAB ACTIVITIES 1.4: POST-LAB 1 QUESTIONS BACK MATTER INDEX 1 9/22/2021 CHAPTER OVERVIEW FRONT MATTER TITLEPAGE INFOPAGE 1 9/22/2021 1: Lab 1- Anatomical Language This text is disseminated via the Open Education Resource (OER) LibreTexts Project (https://LibreTexts.org) and like the hundreds of other texts available within this powerful platform, it freely available for reading, printing and "consuming." Most, but not all, pages in the library have licenses that may allow individuals to make changes, save, and print this book. Carefully consult the applicable license(s) before pursuing such effects. Instructors can adopt existing LibreTexts texts or Remix them to quickly build course-specific resources to meet the needs of their students. Unlike traditional textbooks, LibreTexts’ web based origins allow powerful integration of advanced features and new technologies to support learning. The LibreTexts mission is to unite students, faculty and scholars in a cooperative effort to develop an easy-to-use online platform for the construction, customization, and dissemination of OER content to reduce the burdens of unreasonable textbook costs to our students and society. The LibreTexts project is a multi-institutional collaborative venture to develop the next generation of open-access texts to improve postsecondary education at all levels of higher learning by developing an Open Access Resource environment. The project currently consists of 13 independently operating and interconnected libraries that are constantly being optimized by students, faculty, and outside experts to supplant conventional paper-based books. These free textbook alternatives are organized within a central environment that is both vertically (from advance to basic level) and horizontally (across different fields) integrated. The LibreTexts libraries are Powered by MindTouch® and are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Unless otherwise noted, LibreTexts content is licensed by CC BY-NC-SA 3.0. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation nor the US Department of Education. Have questions or comments? For information about adoptions or adaptions contact [email protected]. More information on our activities can be found via Facebook (https://facebook.com/Libretexts), Twitter (https://twitter.com/libretexts), or our blog (http://Blog.Libretexts.org). This text was compiled on 09/22/2021 1.1: Lab 1- Anatomical Language Measurable Outcomes Understand what the standard anatomical position is. Correctly identify a given plane by its correct name. Relate different structures of the body using the directional terms provided. Correctly identify the anatomical regions of the body. Demonstrate how to properly focus histology slides and identify key structures. Demonstrate an adequate understand of the material in this section. Background A solid foundation is essential when learning any new skill. Understanding anatomical directions, articulations, planes, and regions are the foundation for learning anatomy. The standard anatomical position of the human body is facing towards the observer, legs hip-width apart, feet facing forward, arms out slightly at either side with palms facing forward. When determining a structure’s relative position, be sure to use this frame of reference. For example, it can be easy to confuse which side is the anterior aspect of the hands, therefore, one might incorrectly assume that the thumb is medial to the little finger. Remember, the anterior aspect of the hand is the palm, therefore the thumb is furthest from the center of the body and is lateral. The archetypal body planes are frontal, sagittal and transverse planes. The frontal plane splits the body into anterior and posterior halves.
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