Cover-Up’ As Anger Mounting Over Downed Airliner Police Ordered to Show ‘Restraint’ As Protests Rage
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Mapping Threats to Peace and Democracy Worldwide
ISSN: 2600-3457 Mapping threats to peace and democracy worldwide Normandy Index 2021 STUDY EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service Members' Research Service PE 690.670 – July 2021 EN Mapping threats to peace and democracy worldwide Normandy Index 2021 The 'Normandy Index', now in its third year, aims to measure the level of threats to peace, security and democracy around the world. It was presented for the first time on the occasion of the Normandy Peace Forum in June 2019, as a result of a partnership between the European Parliament and the Region of Normandy. The Index has been designed and prepared by the European Parliamentary Research Service (EPRS), in conjunction with and on the basis of data provided by the Institute for Economics and Peace. This paper sets out the findings of the 2021 exercise and explains how the Index can be used to compare peace – defined on the basis of a given country's performance against a range of predetermined threats – across countries and regions. It is complemented by 51 individual country case studies, derived from the Index. EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service AUTHORS Editor: Étienne Bassot Authors: Elena Lazarou and Branislav Stanicek, Members' Research Service Graphics by Nadejda Kresnichka-Nikolchova and Giulio Sabbati This paper has been drawn up by the Members' Research Service, within the Directorate-General for Parliamentary Research Services (EPRS) of the Secretariat of the European Parliament. The underlying data have been supplied by the Institute for Economics and Peace. Naja Bentzen, Enrico D'Ambrogio, Enrique Gómez Ramírez, Gisela Grieger, Issam Hallak, Beatrix Immenkamp, Tania Latici, Philippe Perchoc, Eric Pichon, Jakub Przetacznik, Martin Russell and Ionel Zamfir drafted case studies in this edition of the Normandy Index. -
Page 01 March 22.Indd
ISO 9001:2008 CERTIFIED NEWSPAPER 22 March 2014 21 Jumadal I 1435 - Volume 19 Number 5611 Price: QR2 ON SATURDAY Missing plane’s debris may never be found LONDON: Even if the two unidentified objects shown on satellite images floating in the southern Indian Ocean are debris from the missing Malaysia Airlines plane, finding them could prove to be a long and difficult process that may rely on luck as much as on advanced technology, oceanographers and aviation experts have warned. If the objects are recovered, locating the rest of the Boeing 777 on the ocean floor could turn out to be harder still. And if the remains can eventually be pieced together, working out exactly what happened to flight MH370 may be the toughest job of all. See also page 11 Doha Theatre Festival opens at Katara DOHA: The Minister of Culture, Arts and Heritage H E Dr. Hamad bin Abdul Aziz Al Kuwari yesterday opened Doha Theatre Festival at Katara Drama Theatre. In his speech, the minister said many events in the theatrical field will be held in the com- ing days, including workshops and an contest in playwriting, and a forum for playwrights in Qatar which will be held in the last week of April every year. He said work was under way to create an electronic library for theatre documentation, and admission to the theatre studies programme will be announced soon in collaboration with the Community College in Doha. The programme will result in an applied science degree in the field of theatre. EU prepares for trade Debating war with Russia BRUSSELS: Europe began to prepare for a possible trade war with Russia over Ukraine yesterday, with the EU executive in Brussels ordered to draft plans for much more sub- stantive sanctions against Moscow if Vladimir Putin presses ahead with Russian territorial expansion. -
Looters Vs. Traitors: the Muqawama (“Resistance”) Narrative, and Its Detractors, in Contemporary Mauritania Elemine Ould Mohamed Baba and Francisco Freire
Looters vs. Traitors: The Muqawama (“Resistance”) Narrative, and its Detractors, in Contemporary Mauritania Elemine Ould Mohamed Baba and Francisco Freire Abstract: Since 2012, when broadcasting licenses were granted to various private television and radio stations in Mauritania, the controversy around the Battle of Um Tounsi (and Mauritania’s colonial past more generally) has grown substantially. One of the results of this unprecedented level of media freedom has been the prop- agation of views defending the Mauritanian resistance (muqawama in Arabic) to French colonization. On the one hand, verbal and written accounts have emerged which paint certain groups and actors as French colonial power sympathizers. At the same time, various online publications have responded by seriously questioning the very existence of a structured resistance to colonization. This article, drawing pre- dominantly on local sources, highlights the importance of this controversy in study- ing the western Saharan region social model and its contemporary uses. African Studies Review, Volume 63, Number 2 (June 2020), pp. 258– 280 Elemine Ould Mohamed Baba is Professor of History and Sociolinguistics at the University of Nouakchott, Mauritania (Ph.D. University of Provence (Aix- Marseille I); Fulbright Scholar resident at Northwestern University 2012–2013), and a Senior Research Consultant at the CAPSAHARA project (ERC-2016- StG-716467). E-mail: [email protected] Francisco Freire is an Anthropologist (Ph.D. Universidade Nova de Lisboa 2009) at CRIA–NOVA FCSH (Lisbon, Portugal). He is the Principal Investigator of the European Research Council funded project CAPSAHARA: Critical Approaches to Politics, Social Activism and Islamic Militancy in the Western Saharan Region (ERC-2016-StG-716467). -
Salafism in the Maghreb Politics, Piety, and Militancy Xwx
Salafism in the Maghreb CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTL PEACE The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace offers decision makers global, independent, and strategic insight and innovative ideas that advance international peace. Founded in 1910 as the first inter national affairs think tank in the United States, it is a global institu tion with centers in Beijing, Beirut, Brussels, Moscow, New Delhi, and Washington. Carnegie’s network works together to provide analysis, shape policy debates, and propose solutions to the most consequential global threats. The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace does not take in stitutional positions. Its scholars embody a variety of national and regional outlooks as well as the issues that transcend them. All views expressed in its publications are solely those of the author or authors. Salafism in the Maghreb Politics, Piety, and Militancy xwx Frederic Wehrey & Anouar Boukhars 1 1 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries. Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America. © Oxford University Press 2019 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization. -
4Th Quarterly Monitoring Report for the EUTF
EUTF Monitoring and Learning System Sahel and Lake Chad Q3 2019 REPORT COVERING UNTIL 30 SEPTEMBER 2019 Altai Consulting for the European Union – January 2020 © European Union January 2020 Unless specified otherwise, all pictures in this report are credited to Altai Consulting. Cover photo: Agadez, Old town, Niger. ALTAI CONSULTING Altai Consulting provides strategy consulting and research services to private companies, governments and public institutions in developing countries. Altai teams operate in more than 50 countries in Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia. Since its inception 15 years ago, Altai Consulting has developed a strong focus on governance and civil society related research and programme evaluations. Contact Details: Philibert de Mercey (Project Director): [email protected] Eric Davin (Altai Partner): [email protected] www.altaiconsulting.com ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report was prepared by Eric Davin, Justine Rubira, Philibert de Mercey, Jacopo Patrini, Paola Hartpence, Garance Dauchy and Héloïse Voisin (Altai Consulting). We gratefully thank project staff from the implementing partners who took the time to sit with us and comply with our reporting requirements. We are in particular indebted to: ACF, AICS, Diakonia, Expertise France, GIZ, Humanité & Inclusion, IOM, LVIA, OXFAM, and Terre des Hommes in Burkina Faso; ACF, AFD, GIZ, IOM and SNV in Cameroon; ITC, IOM, GIZ, Enabel, IMVF in The Gambia; ITC, GIZ, Enabel, UNDP, UNCDF in Guinea, COGINTA, GIZ and OXFAM in Chad; AECID, Expertise France, Humanité & Inclusion, IOM, LVIA, LuxDev, SNV World and SOS SAHEL in Mali; Expertise France, ILO, IOM and Save the Children in Mauritania; ACTED, AFD, CISP, Civipol, FIIAPP, GIZ, HACP, IOM, Karkara, LuxDev and UNHCR in Niger; British Council, FAO, IOM, DRC, NRC, IRC, Mercy Corps, UNICEF, UNW and WFP in Nigeria; 20STM, AECID, ACTED, AFD, Civipol, Enabel, GRET, IOM, LuxDev and PPI in Senegal; and Civipol, EU-DGEAC, FIIAPP, Interpol, ITC, IOM, and UNHCR at the regional level. -
Abdel Fattah Al-Burhan Abdel Fattah El-Sisi Abdelmadjid Tebboune
Abdel Fattah al-Burhan Hage Geingob Mukhammedkalyi Abylgaziev Abdel Fattah el-Sisi Haitham bin Tariq Nana Akufo-Addo Abdelmadjid Tebboune Hassan Ali Khayre Narendra Modi Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi Hassan Diab Nayib Bukele Abdullah II Hassanal Bolkiah Nguyen Phú Trong Abiy Ahmed Hereditary Prince Alois Nicolás Maduro Adama Barrow Hubert Minnis Nicos Anastasiades Adil Abdul-Mahdi Hun Sen Nikol Pashinyan Alassane Ouattara Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta Oliver Spasovski Alberto Fernández Ibrahim Mohamed Solih Patrice Talon Alejandro Giammattei Idriss Déby Paul Biya Alessandro Mancini Igor Matovič Paul Kagame Alexander Lukashenko Ilham Aliyev Pedro Sánchez Ali Bongo Ondimba Imran Khan Peter Mutharika Ali Khamenei Ion Chicu Pierre Nkurunziza Allen Chastanet Isaias Afwerki Pope Francis Alpha Condé Ismaïl Omar Guelleh Pravind Jugnauth Ana Brnabić Iván Duque Prayut Chan-o-cha Andrej Babiš Jacinda Ardern Pōhiva Tu’i’onetoa Andrej Plenković Jair Bolsonaro Qasym-Zhomart Toqaev Andrew Holness James Marape Ralph Gonsalves Andry Rajoelina Janez Janša Raúl Castro Andrés Manuel López Obrador Jeanine Áñez Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Angela Merkel John Magufuli Robert Abela António Costa Joko Widodo Roch Marc Christian Kaboré Ashraf Ghani Jorge Carlos Fonseca Rodrigo Duterte Azali Assoumani Jovenel Moïse Roosevelt Skerrit Bashar al-Assad João Lourenço Salman Benjamin Netanyahu Juan Orlando Hernández Salva Kiir Mayardit Boris Johnson Julius Maada Bio Sanna Marin Bounnhang Vorachith Justin Trudeau Scott Morrison Boyko Borisov Jüri Ratas Sebastian Kurz Carlos Alvarado Quesada KP Sharma Oli Sebastián Piñera Charlot Salwai Katrín Jakobsdóttir Serge Telle Cyril Ramaphosa Kausea Natano Shavkat Mirziyoyev Daniel Ortega Kaïs Saïed Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa Danilo Medina Keith Mitchell Sheikh Hasina Danny Faure Keith Rowley Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan David A. -
Call to End Foreign Meddling in Libya; Monitoring Force Sought
JUMADA ALAWWAL 25, 1441 AH MONDAY, JANUARY 20, 2020 28 Pages Max 22º Min 08º 150 Fils Established 1961 ISSUE NO: 18039 The First Daily in the Arabian Gulf www.kuwaittimes.net Syria refugees bring new tastes Deputy foreign minister Zain strategic partner of Liverpool power past Man and traditions to Kurdish Iraq 3 meets Philippine official 10 11 Kuwait Motor Show 2020 28 United, go 16 points clear Call to end foreign meddling in Libya; monitoring force sought Erdogan warns Haftar must end ‘hostile’ attitude after commander’s forces choke oil flows BERLIN: World leaders were poised to commit to end- ing all foreign meddling in Libya’s war at a Berlin summit yesterday, but calls were growing for an international force to ensure that pledges are put into action. The presidents of Russia, Turkey and France were among global chiefs at the talks held under the auspices of the United Nations, which wants foreign powers wielding influence in the region to stop interfering in the war - be it through weapons, troops or financing. Leaders of both warring factions - strongman Khalifa Haftar and the head of Tripoli’s UN-recognized govern- ment Fayez Al-Sarraj - were also in Berlin for the first such gathering since 2018. But pro-Haftar forces upped the ante on the eve of the talks by blocking oil exports at Libya’s key ports, crippling the country’s main income source in protest at Turkey’s decision to send troops to shore up Sarraj’s Tripoli-based Government of National Accord (GNA). Ahead of the talks, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan lashed out at Haftar, saying he needed to drop his “hostile attitude” if Libya is to have any chance at winning peace. -
Devils Snap Lightning's 10-Game Winning Streak with 3-1 Victory
25 Sports Tuesday, January 14, 2020 Devils snap Lightning’s 10-game winning streak with 3-1 victory Huberdeau makes history as Panthers topple Leafs NEWARK: Louis Domingue made 26 saves against his PENGUINS 4, COYOTES 3 (SO) former team as the New Jersey Devils snapped Tampa Teddy Blueger flipped a shot under the crossbar in the Bay’s franchise record-tying 10-game winning streak with eighth round of the shootout to give visiting Pittsburgh a a 3-1 victory on Sunday night in Newark, NJ. Andy Greene win over Arizona. Pittsburgh’s Bryan Rust and Arizona’s and Miles Wood each had a goal and an assist, and Travis Taylor Hall each converted in the third round of the Zajac also scored for New Jersey, which completed an shootout. Blueger scored to give the Penguins the advan- impressive back-to-back that began Saturday night with a tage, and goaltender Tristan Jarry sealed the win by stop- 5-1 victory at Metropolitan Division-leading Washington. ping Carl Soderberg. Jared McCann, Patric Hornqvist and Domingue also picked up the win in that one with 33 saves. Brandon Tanev each scored, and Evgeni Malkin notched Tyler Johnson scored for Tampa Bay, which suffered its two assists for Pittsburgh, which finished a road trip with a first loss since a 3-1 setback at Washington on Dec. 21. The 3-0-0 record. Jarry finished with 24 saves for the Penguins. Lightning took a 1-0 lead 37 seconds into the second peri- PREDATORS 1, JETS 0 od on Johnson’s 11th goal of the season and the 150th of Juuse Saros was outstanding in his first start for new his career. -
Security Council Distr.: General 24 December 2020
United Nations S/2020/1293 Security Council Distr.: General 24 December 2020 Original: English Report of the Secretary-General on the activities of the United Nations Office for West Africa and the Sahel I. Introduction 1. The present report covers the period from 23 June to 14 December 2020 and provides an overview of developments and trends in West Africa and the Sahel. It captures the activities of the United Nations Office for West Africa and the Sahel (UNOWAS) and highlights progress made in the implementation of the United Nations integrated strategy for the Sahel. In addition, it provides an update on the situation in the Lake Chad basin, pursuant to Security Council resolution 2349 (2017). II. Developments and trends in West Africa and the Sahel 2. Since the previous report (S/2020/585), citizen demands for inclusive participation in political processes and for effective and accountable governance have intensified across West Africa and the Sahel. Constitutional reforms are ongoing, despite challenges, in the Gambia and Guinea-Bissau. Terrorist activities have increasingly become intertwined with intercommunity and farmer-herder conflict, compounding a precarious security situation and acute humanitarian needs in large parts of the Sahel. While Governments in the subregion responded effectively to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, the pandemic has triggered a severe economic slowdown, which, along with climatic conditions, has exacerbated the already dire humanitarian situation. 3. Elections were held in Burkina Faso, Cabo Verde, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia and the Niger. To varying degrees, tensions arose over the inclusivity of electoral processes, electoral management bodies and the accuracy of voter registers, among other contentious issues. -
Bottas Eases to Australian GP Victory in Mercedes One-Two
Rodriguez strikes a hat-trick as Bayern crush Mainz PAGE 18 MONDAY, MARCH 18, 2019 Injury forces India’s star gymnast Dipa Karmakar pull out of Doha World Cup PAGE 19 CRICKET TEST AFGHANISTAN VS IRELAND Bottas eases to Australian GP victory in Mercedes one-two DPA MELBOURNE VALTTERI BOTTAS enjoyed a comfortable victory at Formu- la One’s season-opening Aus- tralian Grand Prix ahead of world champion Lewis Hamil- ton in a Mercedes one-two in Melbourne on Sunday. Bottas overtook pole-sitter Hamilton at the start and was untroubled in front for the rest of the race for his fourth Grand Prix win and his first since Abu Dhabi in December 2017. The 29-year-old Finn- ish driver took the chequered flag, some 21seconds ahead of five-time champion Hamilton, with Red Bull’s Max Verstap- pen third and Ferrari’s Sebas- tian Vettel fourth. Bottas also collected an ex- tra point to go with 25 points for a win after clocking the fastest lap on the 5.303-kilo- metre circuit under a new rule introduced by F1 this season. RESULTS 1. Valtteri Bottas (FIN/Mercedes) 308 km in 1hr 25min 27.325sec; 2. Lewis Hamilton (GBR/ Mercedes) at 20.886 sec; 3. Max Verstappen (NED/ Red Bull) at 22.520 sec; 4. Sebastian Vettel (GER/ Ferrari) at 57.109 sec; 5. Charles Leclerc (MON/ Ferrari) at 58.230 sec; 6. Kevin Magnussen (DEN/ Haas) at 1:27.156 sec; 7. Nico Hulkenberg (GER/ Renault) at 1 lap; 8. Kimi Raikkonen (FIN/Alfa Romeo) at 1 lap; 9. -
Crisiswatch | Crisis Group
1/7/2020 CrisisWatch | Crisis Group CrisisWatch Tracking Conflict Worldwide BROWSE MAP SCROLL DOWN TO READ TRENDS & OUTLOOK CrisisWatch is our global conict tracker, a tool designed to help decision-makers prevent deadly violence by keeping them up-to-date with developments in over 80 conicts and crises, identifying trends and alerting them to risks of escalation and opportunities to advance peace. Learn more about CrisisWatch GLOBAL OVERVIEW SEARCH DATABASE PRESIDENT'S TAKE USING CRISISWATCH ABOUT SUBSCRIBE Global Overview DECEMBER 2019 Outlook for This Month January 2020 Conflict Risk Alerts https://www.crisisgroup.org/crisiswatch#overview 1/61 1/7/2020 CrisisWatch | Crisis Group Central African Republic, Mozambique, Iran, Iraq, Libya Resolution Opportunities None Trends for Last Month December 2019 Deteriorated Situations Burkina Faso, Niger, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Mozambique, Korean Peninsula, India (non-Kashmir), Honduras, Syria, Iran, Iraq Improved Situations Somaliland, Papua New Guinea In December, retaliatory attacks in Iraq raised U.S.-Iran tensions to new heights, compounding Iraq’s political and security woes and presaging further escalation in January. In Syria, regime and Russian forces stepped up their offensive in the north west, and Turkey’s potential deployment of troops in Libya could add fuel to the re. In Burkina Faso, suspected jihadist attacks and intercommunal violence surged, and in Niger jihadists carried out a major assault against security forces. Boko Haram intensied its attacks in Cameroon’s far north and Chad’s west. Fighting erupted in the capital of the Central African Republic and picked up momentum in the north east, where a battle for the provincial capital looms. -
March 12, 2019 4
4 March 12, 2019 (1) ‘Germany Stands... He later moved to a second building ties have been prepared for the coun- skiers. The chances proved costly as Henom Esayas, whose sister’s hus- but soon afterwards the Pentagon try’s women and such opportunities Afghanistan added 76 runs with Mo- band was killed, told The Associ- reassuring Afghans “that we will con- constructed Forward Operating Base have let the people of Afghanistan in hammad Nabi (40) and added a fur- ated Press they were startled when a tinue to work for a peaceful resolu- Wolverine -- home to 1,000 US troops, particular women and international ther 65 runs with Rashid Khan, who stranger picked up their frantic calls tion to conflict and the economic de- and where American and British spe- community to take a step towards de- remained unbeaten on 35. to his phone, told them he had found velopment of the region,” he said in a cial forces were sometimes based -- velopment by supporting the elected Stirling and Porterfield featured in it in the debris and promptly switched prepared statement. close by. system. a solid opening stand of 57 runs be- it off. (Fox News) Improved rights situation He dared not move again, Dam says, In the ceremony, the message of Pres- fore the Ireland captain was bowled He said that negotiations with the (15) ‘Lucky Day’... rarely even going outside and often ident Mohammad Ashraf Ghani was by debutante left-arm spinner Zahir Taliban should not mean “a return to hiding in tunnels when US planes read out by advisor to the President Khan (2-55).