Mastering Clinical Conditions on the Dermatology Recertification

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Mastering Clinical Conditions on the Dermatology Recertification Index A central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia , 303 Acanthosis nigricans , 160, 185 discoid lupus erythematosus , 304 Accessory (supernumerary) digit , 321 dissecting cellulitis , 304–305 Accessory tragus , 319 folliculitis decalvans , 305 Achrocordon , 353 frontal fi brosing alopecia , 306 Acne keloidalis nuchae , 306 lichen planopilaris , 303 Acne rosacea traction alopecia , 307 erythematotelangiectatic , 93–94 Amiodarone , 434 granulomatous , 96 Amyloidosis ocular , 95 lichen , 141 papulopustular , 94–95 macular , 141 phymatous , 95 primary nodular cutaneous , 142 rosacea fulminans , 97 primary systemic , 142–143 Acne vulgaris , 91 Anagen effl uvium , 300 Acquired digital fi brokeratoma , 323 Androgenetic alopecia Acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa , 189 female pattern , 300 Acquired perforating dermatosis , 183, 519 male pattern , 301 Acral lentiginous melanoma , 387–388 Angioedema , 453 Acrodermatitis enteropathica , 152 Angiosarcoma , 369–370 Actinic cheilitis , 367 Anogenital warts , 221 Actinic keratosis , 365–366 Aphthous stomatitis , 316 Actinic purpura , 426 Aplasia cutis congenita , 215–216 Acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus , 108–109 Apocrine miliaria. See Fox–Fordyce disease Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis. See Sweet’s syndrome Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) , 471 Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) , 433 Asteatotic dermatitis , 18 Acute graft-versus-host disease , 129 Atopic dermatitis Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy , 44–45 adult , 16–17 Acute herpes zoster ophthalmicus , 231 childhood , 15–16 Acute radiation dermatitis , 429 infantile , 15 Addison’s disease , 169 Atrophie blanche. See Livedoid vasculopathy Adnexal tumors AVM. See Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) cylindroma , 326–327 multiple trichoepitheliomas , 326 nevus sebaceous , 328–329 B poroma , 330 Bacterial folliculitis syringoma , 327 pseudomonas folliculitis , 257 trichoepithelioma , 325 staphylococcal folliculitis , 255–256 trichofolliculoma , 329 Bacterial infections African endemic Kaposi’s sarcoma , 380 bullous impetigo , 261 AGEP. See Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) cellulitis , 253 Alkaptonuria , 153–154 erythrasma , 254–255 Allergic contact dermatitis , 11–12 folliculitis ( see Folliculitis) Alopecias gonococcemia , 259 non scarring leishmaniasis , 262 alopecia areata , 302 diffuse cutaneous , 264 anagen effl uvium , 300 local , 263 androgenetic alopecia , 300–301 mucocutaneous , 263 telogen effl uvium , 299 leprosy ( see Leprosy) trichotillomania , 301 meningococcemia , 259 scarring mycobacterial ( see Mycobacterial infections) acne keloidalis nuchae , 306 non bullous impetigo , 260 H.M. Gloster, Jr. et al., Absolute Dermatology Review: Mastering Clinical Conditions on the Dermatology Recertifi cation Exam, 527 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-03218-4, © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 528 Index Bacterial folliculitis ( cont.) Coccidioidomycosis , 236–237 perianal streptococcal cellulitis , 254 Cold urticaria , 452 pitted keratolysis , 273 Common wart , 222 rocky mountain spotted fever , 273–274 Compound nevus , 340 syphilis ( see Syphilis) Condyloma acuminata , 221 Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) Confl uent and reticulated papillomatosis morpheaform , 392–393 (CARP) , 357 nodular , 392 Congentinal nevus , 338–339 pigmented , 393–394 Contact dermatitis , 11–13 superfi cial , 391 Corns , 420 Bazex syndrome , 185–186 Coumadin necrosis , 57 B cell lymphomas , 409–410 Cowden’s syndrome , 206–207 Becker’s nevus , 331 Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis , 49 Bed bugs , 285 Cryptococcosis , 237–238 Benign familial pemphigus. See Hailey–Hailey disease Cushing’s syndrome , 167–168 Benign migratory glossitis. See Geographic tongue Cutaneous larva migrans , 283 Black dot tinea capitis , 248 Cutaneous lymphomas Black heel and palm , 419 B cell lymphomas , 409–410 Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome , 175–176, 470 T cell lymphomas , 401–409 Bowenoid papulosis , 222 Cutaneous manifestations Bowen’s disease , 395 Addison’s disease , 169 Breast cancer cirrhosis cancer en cuirasse , 373 hemochromatosis , 178–179 infl ammatory carcinoma , 375–376 palmar erythema , 177 Paget’s disease , 374 spider angiomas , 177 Brown recluse spider bite , 287 telangiectasias , 176 Bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma , 197–198 Terry’s nails , 178 Bullous diabeticorum , 160 Wilson’s disease , 179 Bullous impetigo , 261 Cushing’s syndrome , 167–168 Bullous lupus erythematosus , 110 diabetes mellitus ( see Diabetes mellitus) Bullous pemphigoid , 61–62 gastrointestinal disease ( see Gastrointestinal disease) Buruli ulcer , 272 internal malignancy Buschke-Lowenstein tumor , 398 acanthosis nigricans , 185 acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa , 189 Bazex syndrome , 185–186 C erythema gyratum repens , 187 Calcifying disorders Muir–Torre syndrome , 190 calcinosis cutis , 147 necrolytic migratory erythema , 187–188 calciphylaxis , 148 paraneoplastic pemphigus , 189 Callus , 421 Peutz–Jeghers syndrome , 189 Cancer en cuirasse , 373 renal disease Carcinoma erysipeloides , 375–376 acquired perforating dermatosis , 183 CARP. See Confl uent and reticulated papillomatosis (CARP) nephrogenic systemic fi brosis , 181–182 Cavernous hemangioma , 465 rheumatoid arthritis , 157 Cellular blue nevus , 343 thyroid disease Cellulitis , 253 acquired ichthyosis , 165 Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia , 303 alopecia , 165 Chicken pox , 233 generalized myxedema , 164 Chilblain lupus. See Lupus pernio pretibial myxedema , 163–164 Childhood atopic dermatitis , 15–16 Cutaneous metastases , 371 Cholinergic urticaria , 452 abdomen , 373 Chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis , 413 breast cancer , 373–376 Chronic actinic dermatitis , 427 scalp , 372 Chronic cutaneous lupus. See Discoid lupus erythematosus Cutaneous tuberculosis mycobacterial infections Chronic graft-versus-host disease , 130–131 erythema nodosum leprosum , 272 Chronic plaque psoriasis , 3–4 lupus vulgaris , 271 Chronic radiation dermatitis , 430 scrofuloderma , 270 Churg–Strauss syndrome , 51–52 verrucosa cutis , 270 Cicatricial pemphigoid , 63–64 Cutis laxa , 207–208 Cirrhosis Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita , 467–468 hemochromatosis , 178–179 Cylindroma , 326–327 palmar erythema , 177 Cystic hygroma , 474 spider angiomas , 177 Cysts telangiectasias , 176 epidermoid , 333 Terry’s nails , 178 eruptive vellus hair cysts , 334 Wilson’s disease , 179 milia , 334 Clubbing , 313 steatocystoma multiplex , 334 Index 529 D E Darier’s disease , 193–194 Eczema herpeitcum , 229–230 Dermatitis Ehlers–Danlos syndrome , 209–210 asteatotic , 18 Elastosis perforans serpiginosa , 520 atopic , 15–17 EMP. See Extramammary Paget’s disease (EMP) contact , 11–13 Endogenous ochronosis , 153–154 dyshidrotic , 19 Eosinophilic fasciitis , 123 periorifi cial , 17 Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis , 257–258 seborrheic , 13–14 Epidermal nevus , 359 stasis , 18 Epidermodysplasia verruciformis , 224 Dermatitis artifacta. See Factitial Epidermoid cyst , 333 disease Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) , 83 Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) , 77–79 aquisita , 85 Dermatofi broma , 335–336 dominant dystrophic , 84 Dermatofi brosarcoma protuberans , 377 EBS , 83–84 Dermatomyositis , 115–117 junctional EB , 84 Dermatophyte infections recessive dystrophic EB , 85 interdigital tinea pedis , 241–242 Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) , 83–84 Majocchi’s granuloma , 245 Epithelioma cuniculatum , 397 mocassin tinea pedis , 240–241 Erosive lichen planus , 9 tinea barbae , 247 Erosive pustular dermatosis , 491 tinea capitis , 248–249 Eruptive vellus hair cysts , 334 tinea corporis , 243–244 Eruptive xanthomas , 162, 499 tinea cruris , 250 Erythema ab igne , 419–420 tinea faciei , 245–246 Erythema elevatum diutinum , 47–48 tinea incognito , 250, 251 Erythema gyratum repens , 187 tinea manuum , 243 Erythema infectiosum (fi fth disease) , 225–226 tinea versicolor , 251–252 Erythema multiforme , 438 vesiculobullous tinea pedis , 242 Erythema nodosum , 171–172, 501, 523–524 Diabetes mellitus Erythema nodosum leprosum , 272 acanthosis nigricans , 160 Erythemas bullous diabeticorum , 160 erythema annulare centrifugum , 445 diabetic dermopathy , 161 erythema chronicum migrans , 447 eruptive xanthomas , 162 erythema gyratum repens , 446 necrobiosis lipoidica necrolytic acral erythema , 447 diabeticorum , 159–160 necrolytic migratory erythema , 448 neuropathic ulcers , 161 Erythematotelangiectatic acne rosacea , 93–94 scleredema diabeticorum , 162 Erythema toxicum neonatorum , 87 Diabetic dermopathy , 161 Erythrasma , 254–255 Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis , 264 Erythrodermic psoriasis , 4 Diffuse large B cell lymphoma , 410 Erythroplasia of querat , 396 Discoid lupus erythematosus , 105–106, 304 Exogenous ochronosis , 153 Dishydrotic eczema , 19 Extragenital lichen sclerosus et atrophicus , 123 Dissecting cellulitis , 304–305 Extramammary Paget’s disease (EMP) , 399 Disseminated herpes zoster , 231 Dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa , 84 F DRESS. See Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic Factitial disease , 415 symptoms (DRESS) Favus , 249 Drug induced folliculitis , 258 Fleas , 285 Drug reactions Follicular center lymphoma , 409 AGEP , 433 Follicular mucinosis , 139–140 amiodarone , 434 Folliculitis DRESS , 436 bacterial folliculitis erythema multiforme , 438 pseudomonas folliculitis , 257 fi xed drug eruption , 437 staphylococcal folliculitis , 255–256 minocycline , 435 drug induced folliculitis , 258 morbilliform drug eruption , 443 eosinophilic pustular folliculitis , 257–258 SJS , 439–440 Folliculitis decalvans , 305 steroid atrophy Folliculotropic
Recommended publications
  • Fungal Infection
    The Pocket Guide to Fungal Infection Second Edition Malcolm D. Richardson PhD, FIBiol, FRCPath Mycology Unit Department of Bacteriology and Immunology University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Elizabeth M. Johnson PhD Mycology Reference Laboratory Health Protection Agency Bristol, United Kingdom The Pocket Guide to Fungal Infection Second Edition To families and friends The Pocket Guide to Fungal Infection Second Edition Malcolm D. Richardson PhD, FIBiol, FRCPath Mycology Unit Department of Bacteriology and Immunology University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Elizabeth M. Johnson PhD Mycology Reference Laboratory Health Protection Agency Bristol, United Kingdom © 2005 Malcolm D. Richardson, Elizabeth M. Johnson Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd Blackwell Publishing, Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, Massachusetts 02148-5020, USA Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia The right of the Authors to be identified as the Authors of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. First edition published 2000 Reprinted 2000, 2002 Second Edition 2005 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Richardson, M. D. The pocket guide to fungal infection / Malcolm D. Richardson, Elizabeth M. Johnson. — 2nd ed. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-1-4051-2218-4 ISBN-10: 1-4051-2218-8 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Fungal Infections from Human and Animal Contact
    Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews Volume 4 Issue 2 Article 4 4-25-2017 Fungal Infections From Human and Animal Contact Dennis J. Baumgardner Follow this and additional works at: https://aurora.org/jpcrr Part of the Bacterial Infections and Mycoses Commons, Infectious Disease Commons, and the Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases Commons Recommended Citation Baumgardner DJ. Fungal infections from human and animal contact. J Patient Cent Res Rev. 2017;4:78-89. doi: 10.17294/2330-0698.1418 Published quarterly by Midwest-based health system Advocate Aurora Health and indexed in PubMed Central, the Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews (JPCRR) is an open access, peer-reviewed medical journal focused on disseminating scholarly works devoted to improving patient-centered care practices, health outcomes, and the patient experience. REVIEW Fungal Infections From Human and Animal Contact Dennis J. Baumgardner, MD Aurora University of Wisconsin Medical Group, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI; Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Center for Urban Population Health, Milwaukee, WI Abstract Fungal infections in humans resulting from human or animal contact are relatively uncommon, but they include a significant proportion of dermatophyte infections. Some of the most commonly encountered diseases of the integument are dermatomycoses. Human or animal contact may be the source of all types of tinea infections, occasional candidal infections, and some other types of superficial or deep fungal infections. This narrative review focuses on the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of anthropophilic dermatophyte infections primarily found in North America.
    [Show full text]
  • Clinical, Tricoscopic and Histopathological Findings in Mexican Women with Traction Alopecia
    Clinical Dermatology Open Access Journal MEDWIN PUBLISHERS ISSN: 2574-7800 Committed to Create Value for Researchers Clinical, Tricoscopic and Histopathological Findings in Mexican Women with Traction Alopecia Martínez Suarez H1*, Barrera Jacome A2, Ramirez Anaya M3, Barron Hernandez L4 and Morales Miranda AY5 Case Report Volume 5 Issue 3 1Dermatologist, Private practice in Marsu Dermatologia, Mexico Received Date: August 01, 2020 2Dermatopathologist, Deparment of Dermatology, Medical Specialties Unit, University of the Published Date: August 31, 2020 Army and Air Force, Mexico DOI: 10.23880/cdoaj-16000217 3Pediatric dermatologist, General Hospital in Cholula, Mexico 4Dermatologist and Dermatopathologist, Private practice in Puebla, Mexico 5Dermatologist, Deparment of Dermatology, Medical Medical Specialties Unit, University of the Army and Air Force, Mexico *Corresponding author: Martínez-Suarez Hugo, Dermatologist, Private practice in Marsu Dermatologia, 7 Sur 3118 Chula Vista, Puebla, Zip: 72420, Mexico, Tel: 522225052798; Email: [email protected] Abstract Traction alopecia is a common form of hair loss in our population. It is caused by vigorous straightening of the hair causing areas of alopecia. We studied 43 patients diagnosed with traction alopecia from a clinical, tricoscopic and histopathological guide. great tool in case of diagnostic doubt and provides relevant data related to the evolution time. We believe that the population This disease has a great diversity of clinical findings and can also vary depending on the time of evolution. Histopathology is of should change some hair styles to avoid progression to scarring alopecia. Keywords: Traction alopecia; Cicatricial alopecia; Marginal alopecia; Trichoscopy; Fringe sign Introduction and relaxers sustances. In Mexico and Latin America the use of ponytails is widespread.
    [Show full text]
  • Tinea Capitis
    TPGC01.qxd 1/5/06 1:15 PM Page 4 Dermatophytosis Tinea capitis Tinea capitis due to Trichophyton tonsurans. Kerion due to Trichophyton verrucosum. Definition Tinea capitis describes infection of the scalp and hair with a dermatophyte. Geographical distribution World-wide, but more common in Africa, Asia and southern and eastern Europe, occurring mainly in prepubescent children. Increasing incidence. 4 TPGC01.qxd 1/5/06 1:15 PM Page 5 Dermatophytosis Hair infected by Microsporum gyseum showing large-spored ecothrix invasion. Macroconidia of Microsporum canis. Causal organisms and habitat • Several Trichophyton spp. and Microsporum spp. • Zoophilic M. canis (cats and dogs) is common in western Europe. • Anthropophilic T. violaceum is predominant in eastern and southern Europe and north Africa. • Anthropophilic T. tonsurans is increasing in prevalence, especially in North America. 5 TPGC01.qxd 1/5/06 1:15 PM Page 6 Dermatophytosis Microsporum canis in culture. • Anthropophilic species can be contagious and endemic. • T. schoenleinii causes favus. Clinical manifestations • Mild scaling lesions to widespread alopecia. • Kerion: highly inflammatory, suppurating lesion caused by zoophilic dermatophytes. • Black dot appearance seen with ectothrix hair invasion. • Favus is a distinctive infection with grey, crusting lesions. • Asymptomatic carrier state recognized, may promote spread of infection. • T. tonsurans and T. violaceum – most commonly implicated in the carrier state. • Minimal inflammatory response. • Low spore numbers. • Topical treatment
    [Show full text]
  • Acne Keloidalis Nuchae
    Dermatologic Therapy, Vol. 20, 2007, 128–132 Copyright © Blackwell Publishing, Inc., 2007 Printed in the United States · All rights reserved DERMATOLOGIC THERAPY ISSN 1396-0296 Blackwell Publishing Inc Acne keloidalis nuchae Acne keloidalis nuchae, also known as folliculitis its antimicrobial and antiinflammatory effect), nuchae, is a chronic scarring folliculitis charac- and a series of intralesional steroids (40 mg/cc of terized by fibrotic papules and nodules of the existing keloids). Education is the key to preven- nape of the neck and the occiput. It particularly tion. I discourage high-collared shirts, short hair- affects young men of African descent and rarely cuts, and close shaving or cutting the hair along occurs in women; in either case its occurrence the posterior hairline. In the long-term, patients has a significant impact on the patient’s quality benefit from laser hair removal using diode or of life. We’ve asked our experts to share their expe- Nd:YAG, which helps avoid disease progression. rience in helping patients with this cosmetically Early treatment decreases the morbidity that can disfiguring disorder. be associated with late-stage disease. Question Dr. Vause: I treat early acne keloidalis nuchae by instructing patients to wash the skin frequently Please describe your approach to the treatment of with a mild keratolytic like tar or an alpha hydroxy patients with early (less than 20 papules, pustules acid cleanser. Patients are instructed to apply and 1–2 < 2 cm nuchae keloids) acne keloidalis topical clindamycin with steroid in the morning nuchae. (1–3) and retinoid at bedtime. Dr. Brauner: An option is to treat all patients with Response chlorhexadine cleanser as a daily shampoo and minocycline 100 mg daily b.i.d.
    [Show full text]
  • Alopecia, Particularly:  Alopecia Areata  Androgenetic Alopecia  Telogen Effluvium  Anagen Effluvium
    432 Teams Dermatology Hair disorders Color Code: Original, Team’s note, Important, Doctor’s note, Not important, Old teamwork Done by: Shaikha Aldossari Reviewer: Lama AlTawil 8 Team Leader: Basil Al Suwaine&Lama Al Tawil 432 Dermatology Team Lecture 8: Hair Disorders Objectives 1- Normal anatomy of hair follicle and hair cycle. 2- Causes, features and management of non scarring alopecia, particularly: Alopecia areata Androgenetic alopecia Telogen effluvium Anagen effluvium 3- Causes and features of scarring alopecia. 4- Causes and features of Excessive hair growth. hair disorder Excessive hair Alopecia growth non scarring Hirsutism Hypertrichosis scarring Anagen Telogen Androgenetic Alopecia effluvium effluvium Alopecia Areata P a g e | 1 432 Dermatology Team Lecture 8: Hair Disorders Anatomy of hair follicle: The Arrector piliResponsible for piloerection (goose bumps ) that happens when one is cold (produces energy and therefor warmth) . hair follicle becomes vertical instead of oblique Cuticle is the last layer here . what we can see outside . it has 7 layers of keratinocytes How many hairs in the body? 5 millions hairs in the body, 100,000 in the scalp. Growth rate: 0.3mm/day for scalp hair i.e.1cm/month Hair follicle bulge: -Very important part since it has stem cells .its the inertion of the arrector pili Hair follicle on vertical section: -So any pathological process affecting any part other Initially the shaft and the follicle are one than this, hair would still be able to regrow. organ then when you reach 1/3 the follicle -If we want to destroy a hair follicle, we’d target the bulge.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrative Approach to a Difficult Trichology Patient Natalie Barunova* International Scientific-Practical Centre “Trichology”, Moscow, Russia
    Global Dermatology Clinical Case ISSN: 2056-7863 Integrative approach to a difficult trichology patient Natalie Barunova* International Scientific-Practical Centre “Trichology”, Moscow, Russia Abstract Folliculitis decalvans belongs to a group of primary cicatricial alopecias with neutrophilic inflammation of the scalp. It is characterized by recurrent purulent follicular exudation with inevitable destruction of pilosebaceous unit as an outcome of the disease. Staphylococcus aureus is supposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. The treatment is usually focused on the eradication of S. aureus. A clinical case of effective adjuvant treatment of folliculitis decalvans patient is presented in this manuscript. The previous traditional treatment with antibiotics, topical glucocorticosteroids, oral prednisone and retinoid treatment had minor efficacy and subsequent recurrence. Integrative approach to this difficult case brought the patient into remission and improve the patient’s condition. Introduction alopecias, such as dissecting cellulites, lichen planopilaris, discoid lupus erythematosus, central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia and acne Scarring alopecias relate to a group of relatively rare diseases with keloidalis nuchae [2,7-9]. one common feature - inevitable destruction of pilosebaceous unit due to replacement of hair follicles by fibrous tissue. Differential diagnosis is performed with the following conditions [2,10]: FD is classified as a primary neutrophilic scarring alopecia according to the classification from the 2001 Workshop on cicatricial • Dissecting folliculitis – occurs almost exclusively in males. alopecias at Duke University Medical Center [1]. Clinical features include boggy scalp, deep inflammatory nodes, interconnected sinus tracts with purulent material; It is characterized by recurrent purulent follicular exudation with patches of scarring (cicatricial) alopecia as an outcome of the condition • Acne keloidalis nuchae – also occurs mainly in males and low efficacy of the treatment.
    [Show full text]
  • Therapies for Common Cutaneous Fungal Infections
    MedicineToday 2014; 15(6): 35-47 PEER REVIEWED FEATURE 2 CPD POINTS Therapies for common cutaneous fungal infections KENG-EE THAI MB BS(Hons), BMedSci(Hons), FACD Key points A practical approach to the diagnosis and treatment of common fungal • Fungal infection should infections of the skin and hair is provided. Topical antifungal therapies always be in the differential are effective and usually used as first-line therapy, with oral antifungals diagnosis of any scaly rash. being saved for recalcitrant infections. Treatment should be for several • Topical antifungal agents are typically adequate treatment weeks at least. for simple tinea. • Oral antifungal therapy may inea and yeast infections are among the dermatophytoses (tinea) and yeast infections be required for extensive most common diagnoses found in general and their differential diagnoses and treatments disease, fungal folliculitis and practice and dermatology. Although are then discussed (Table). tinea involving the face, hair- antifungal therapies are effective in these bearing areas, palms and T infections, an accurate diagnosis is required to ANTIFUNGAL THERAPIES soles. avoid misuse of these or other topical agents. Topical antifungal preparations are the most • Tinea should be suspected if Furthermore, subsequent active prevention is commonly prescribed agents for dermatomy- there is unilateral hand just as important as the initial treatment of the coses, with systemic agents being used for dermatitis and rash on both fungal infection. complex, widespread tinea or when topical agents feet – ‘one hand and two feet’ This article provides a practical approach fail for tinea or yeast infections. The pharmacol- involvement. to antifungal therapy for common fungal infec- ogy of the systemic agents is discussed first here.
    [Show full text]
  • An Open Label Study of Clobetasol Propionate 0.05% and Betamethasone Valerate 0.12% Foams in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Acne Keloidalis
    HIGHLIGHTING SKIN OF COLOR An Open Label Study of Clobetasol Propionate 0.05% and Betamethasone Valerate 0.12% Foams in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Acne Keloidalis Valerie D. Callender, MD; Cherie M. Young, MD; Christina L. Haverstock, MD; Christie L. Carroll, MD; Steven R. Feldman, MD, PhD Acne keloidalis (AK) is a disease affecting pri- 1942.2,3 It is predominantly a condition of African marily African American men. Topical steroids American men4; however, it also occurs in African are a widely accepted treatment of AK; however, American women5 and other ethnic groups. The no studies have been published investigating true incidence of AK is varied, and studies suggest their effectiveness. The purpose of this open- a range of 0.45% to 13.7% in blacks.6-8 Studies per- label study was to assess the efficacy and toler- formed by Halder et al9 and Kenny10 did not find ability of clobetasol propionate 0.05% and AK to be in the 12 most common diagnoses in betamethasone valerate 0.12% foams in the African Americans. treatment of AK in 20 African American patients. AK begins as papules and pustules on the occip- These patients were treated for 8 to 12 weeks ital scalp and posterior neck that may develop into using a pulsed-dose regimen. We found topical nodules or coalesce into plaques. In some cases, clobetasol propionate foam to be effective in other areas of the scalp may be involved, including improving AK, and our patients found the foam the vertex. Initially, hair shafts can be seen exiting vehicle to be cosmetically acceptable.
    [Show full text]
  • Therapies for Common Cutaneous Fungal Infections
    MedicineToday 2014; 15(6): 35-47 PEER REVIEWED FEATURE 2 CPD POINTS Therapies for common cutaneous fungal infections KENG-EE THAI MB BS(Hons), BMedSci(Hons), FACD Key points A practical approach to the diagnosis and treatment of common fungal • Fungal infection should infections of the skin and hair is provided. Topical antifungal therapies always be in the differential are effective and usually used as first-line therapy, with oral antifungals diagnosis of any scaly rash. being saved for recalcitrant infections. Treatment should be for several • Topical antifungal agents are typically adequate treatment weeks at least. for simple tinea. • Oral antifungal therapy may inea and yeast infections are among the dermatophytoses (tinea) and yeast infections be required for extensive most common diagnoses found in general and their differential diagnoses and treatments disease, fungal folliculitis and practice and dermatology. Although are then discussed (Table). tinea involving the face, hair- antifungal therapies are effective in these bearing areas, palms and T infections, an accurate diagnosis is required to ANTIFUNGAL THERAPIES soles. avoid misuse of these or other topical agents. Topical antifungal preparations are the most • Tinea should be suspected if Furthermore, subsequent active prevention is commonly prescribed agents for dermatomy- there is unilateral hand just as important as the initial treatment of the coses, with systemic agents being used for dermatitis and rash on both fungal infection. complex, widespread tinea or when topical agents feet – ‘one hand and two feet’ This article provides a practical approach fail for tinea or yeast infections. The pharmacol- involvement. to antifungal therapy for common fungal infec- ogy of the systemic agents is discussed first here.
    [Show full text]
  • 371 a Acne Excoriee , 21, 22 Acneiform Disorders , 340 Acne
    Index A African American community Acne excoriee , 21, 22 cocoa butter , 302 Acneiform disorders , 340 diagnosis codes, dermatologist Acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) , 340 visit , 301 description , 130 hair myths , 303 diagnosis , 131, 132 patient care , 304 differential diagnosis , 133 skin myths , 301–303 epidemiology , 130–131 African descent, cultural considerations histopathology , 133 description , 300 laser hair removal , 244 health services utilization , 300–301 pathogenesis , 131 misconceptions , 301 prevalence , 130–131 AGA. See Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) treatment Aging effects, ethnic skin , 248–249 fi rst line therapy , 134–135 AKN. See Acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) minimally invasive therapy , 135 Alaluf, S. , 6 surgical , 135 Alexis, A.F. , 23 Acne vulgaris (AV) Alopecia areata , 99–100 aggravating factors , 23 Alopecia syphilitica , 101–102 clinical features , 21–23 Alpha hydroxy acids , 286–288 epidemiology , 23–24 Alster, T. , 197 management Anagen ef fl uvium (AE) , 99 oral therapy , 27 Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) , 97–98, procedural therapy , 27–28 355–356 topical therapy , 24–26 Antimalarials pathogenic factors , 23 lupus erythematosus , 55 PIH , 22 sarcoidosis , 71 vs. rosacea , 29 Aramaki, J. , 10 sequelae , 28 Aromatherapy, traditional Asian practice Acupuncture alopecia areata , 309 traditional Asian practice, cutaneous contact dermatitis , 309, 310 conditions description , 307 adverse effects , 311 phototoxic reaction , 309 description , 309 Ashy dermatosis. See Erythema evaluation process , 310 dyschromicum perstans
    [Show full text]
  • A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis and Management of Hair Loss in Children and Adolescents
    A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis and Management of Hair Loss in Children and Adolescents The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Xu, Liwen, Kevin X. Liu, and Maryanne M. Senna. 2017. “A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis and Management of Hair Loss in Children and Adolescents.” Frontiers in Medicine 4 (1): 112. doi:10.3389/ fmed.2017.00112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2017.00112. Published Version doi:10.3389/fmed.2017.00112 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:34375289 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA REVIEW published: 24 July 2017 doi: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00112 A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis and Management of Hair Loss in Children and Adolescents Liwen Xu1†, Kevin X. Liu1† and Maryanne M. Senna2* 1 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 2 Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States Hair loss or alopecia is a common and distressing clinical complaint in the primary care setting and can arise from heterogeneous etiologies. In the pediatric population, hair loss often presents with patterns that are different from that of their adult counterparts. Given the psychosocial complications that may arise from pediatric alopecia, prompt diagnosis and management is particularly important. Common causes of alopecia in children and adolescents include alopecia areata, tinea capitis, androgenetic alopecia, traction Edited by: alopecia, trichotillomania, hair cycle disturbances, and congenital alopecia conditions.
    [Show full text]