Index

A African American community excoriee , 21, 22 cocoa butter , 302 Acneiform disorders , 340 diagnosis codes, dermatologist (AKN) , 340 visit , 301 description , 130 myths , 303 diagnosis , 131, 132 patient care , 304 differential diagnosis , 133 skin myths , 301–303 epidemiology , 130–131 African descent, cultural considerations histopathology , 133 description , 300 laser hair removal , 244 health services utilization , 300–301 pathogenesis , 131 misconceptions , 301 prevalence , 130–131 AGA. See Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) treatment Aging effects, ethnic skin , 248–249 fi rst line therapy , 134–135 AKN. See Acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) minimally invasive therapy , 135 Alaluf, S. , 6 surgical , 135 Alexis, A.F. , 23 Acne vulgaris (AV) , 99–100 aggravating factors , 23 Alopecia syphilitica , 101–102 clinical features , 21–23 Alpha hydroxy acids , 286–288 epidemiology , 23–24 Alster, T. , 197 management Anagen ef fl uvium (AE) , 99 oral therapy , 27 Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) , 97–98, procedural therapy , 27–28 355–356 topical therapy , 24–26 Antimalarials pathogenic factors , 23 lupus erythematosus , 55 PIH , 22 sarcoidosis , 71 vs. , 29 Aramaki, J. , 10 sequelae , 28 Aromatherapy, traditional Asian practice Acupuncture alopecia areata , 309 traditional Asian practice, cutaneous contact dermatitis , 309, 310 conditions description , 307 adverse effects , 311 phototoxic reaction , 309 description , 309 Ashy dermatosis. See Erythema evaluation process , 310 dyschromicum perstans (EDP) psoriasis , 310 Asian skin Adrian, R.M. , 229 irritants and allergens , 40 AE. See Anagen ef fl uvium (AE) structure and physiology , 39

A.F. Alexis and V.H. Barbosa (eds.), Skin of Color: A Practical Guide 371 to Dermatologic Diagnosis and Treatment, DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-84929-4, © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012 372 Index

Atopic dermatitis (AD) cosmetic applications , 265 characterization , 45 cosmetic procedure , 263 differential diagnosis , 48 description , 263 distribution and morphology , 45, 46 dynamic wrinkles , 272–273 epidemiology , 47 facial shaping, dermal fi llers , 260–261 feature , 45, 46 history , 265 histopathology , 47 injection technique , 267–268 incidence , 47 photoaging , 232–233 laboratory fi ndings , 47 pre and postoperative care , 266 pathophysiology , 47 serotypes , 263 pediatric diseases, children of color side effects , 272 criteria , 332 treatment guidelines Dennie-Morgan folds , 332, 333 axillary , 271 differential diagnosis , 335, 336 bunny lines , 269, 270 features , 331 chin lines , 270, 271 licheni fi cation , 332, 333 Crow’s feet , 269, 270 lichenoid , 333 eyelid ptosis , 271 skin care , 334–335 forehead lines , 269 treatment , 333 Glabellar lines , 268 therapy , 48, 49 lateral browlift , 269 Autoimmune diseases Marionette lines , 269–270 alopecia areata , 99 Botwood, N. , 198 children of color , 347 Bowen’s disease , 215 Autologous minigraft technique , 174 Brown, D.L. , 80 Autologous thin Thiersch graft technique , 174 Bulengo-Ransby, S. , 149 AV. See Acne vulgaris (AV) Busquets, A. , 201

B C Bacterial-derived hyaluronic acid , 251 Canella, A. , 277 Ballow, M. , 46, 48 CCCA. See Central centrifugal cicatricial Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) alopecia (CCCA) atypical presentation , 212 Cell layers , 5 differential diagnosis , 213, 214 Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia nodular-pigmented , 213 (CCCA) Battle, E.F., Jr. , 240 clinical features , 107–108 Bayat, A. , 189 epidemiology , 107 Berardesca, E. , 4, 9, 10 etiology , 107 Berman, B. , 200, 201 features , 106, 107 Berman, N. , 200 hair transplants, ethnic populations , Bernard, B.A. , 7 358–359 Beta hydroxy acid , 288–289 previous names , 106 Black skin treatment , 108–109 irritants and allergens , 40 Chan, L.S. , 46, 49 structure and physiology , 39 Chan, R. , 143 Bleomycin , 204 Chemical peels Botulinum toxin A (BtxA) bene fi ts , 283, 286 action mechanism , 266 description , 280 aging process , 264–265 peeling agents, classi fi cation of , 280 Botox vs. Dysport , 263, 264 risks , 280, 283 clinical use , 265 Child, F.J. , 24 commercial preparations , 266 Children of color complications , 272 autoimmune diseases , 347 contraindications , 267 description , 327 Index 373

genetic disorders , 347 Corneocyte variability , 5 in fl ammatory diseases , 345–346 Corticosteroids metabolic syndrome , 346–347 acne keloidalis nuchae , 134–135 pediatric diseases atopic dermatitis , 331–336 polytherapy , 192 con fl uent and reticulated side effects , 192–193 papillomatosis , 339 solo therapy , 190–192 follicular disorders , 339–343 uses of , 190 nickel allergic contact dermatitis , 338 pityriasis alba , 164 pigmentary disorders , 343–345 sarcoidosis , 70 pityriasis rosea , 337 Cosman, B. , 182 psoriasis , 338 Cosmetic concerns seborrheic dermatitis , 337 advantages , 222 pigmentary alteration causes , 327–329 disadvantages , 222 skin development DPN , 228, 229 linear pigmentation , 330, 331 hyperpigmentation melanocyte migration , 329–330 description , 222 melanosomes , 329 diffuse , 224 Mongolian spots , 330 facial , 223 transient neonatal pustular melanosis , localized , 223–224 330 treatment therapies , 225–226 Voight/Futcher’s lines , 331 keloids , 227–228 Choi, S. , 225 skin laxity Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus , description , 231 115, 116 infrared tightening , 231–232 Chua, S.H. , 231 radiofrequency (RF) , 231 Chuangsuwanich, A. , 201 unwanted hair removal Cicatricial alopecias diode laser , 229 lymphocytic Nd:YAG system , 230–231 CCCA , 106–109 topical e fl ornithine HCl , 228 chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus , Crespo-Erchiga, V. , 83 115, 116 Cupping technique , 311–312 LPP , 110–114 Cutaneous needle , 309 neutrophilic DCS , 116–118 FD , 118–119 D North American Hair Research Society DCS. See Dissecting cellulitis of the (NAHRS) classi fi cation , 106 scalp (DCS) Classic lichen planopilaris (LPP) , 110–111 Deep chemical peels , 296 Clostridium botulinum , 263 Dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) , 3 Coin rubbing/coining technique , 311 Dermal fi llers, ethnic skin Comedone extraction, acne vulgaris , 27 aging effects , 248–249 Conejo-Mir, J.S. , 197 cosmetic products growth , 247 Con fl uent and reticulated PLLA , 255–261 papillomatosis , 339 soft tissue augmentation , 250–255 Contact dermatitis Dermal structure , 7–8 allergens , 41–42 Dermatosis papulosa nigra (DPN) , 228, 229 clinical presentation , 39 Dermis , 3 description , 37 De Winter, S. , 7, 11 epidemiology , 37–38 Diffuse hyperpigmentation , 224 patch testing , 41–42 Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) , Corcuff, P. , 5 115, 116 374 Index

Disorders of hyperpigmentation Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR), 29–30 melasma Espana, A. , 204 cheeks/nose/forehead , 140 clinical diagnosis , 140–141 clinical recommendations , 146–147 F description , 139 Fabbri, P. , 56 etiology , 140 Facial lipoatrophy histologic patterns , 141 grading scale , 256, 257 laser and light therapy , 144–146 injection technique , 257 peeling agents , 143–144 safety and ef fi cacy history , 256–257 topical agents , 141–143 treatment sessions , 257 US preventive services task force grade Faergemann, J. , 78 de fi nitions , 146, 148 Falabella, R. , 163 nevus of Ito , 151–154 Farber, E.M. , 60 nevus of Ota FD. See decalvans (FD) classi fi cation , 153 Fernandez-Faith, E. , 65, 66, 70 clinical diagnosis , 152–153 Fibrosing Alopecia in a Pattern Distribution clinical recommendations , 154 (FAPD) , 111, 112 description , 151 Filiform steel needle , 309 etiology , 152 Fitzpatrick, R. , 202, 203, 228 histopathology , 153 5- fl uorouracil (5-FU) , 202–203 Q-switched laser therapy , 154 Florencio, V.D. , 83 periorbital hypermelanosis Flores, F. , 200 clinical diagnosis , 155 Flores-Hughes, G. , 319 description , 155 Follicular disorders , 339–343 etiology , 155 (FD) , 118–119 histopathology , 155 Foot corrections , 258–259 recommendations , 156 Fox , 280 treatment , 155–156 Fox, H. , 163 PIH Foy, V. , 10 clinical diagnosis , 148, 149 Frank, J.E. , 80 clinical recommendations , 150–151 Frontal fi brosing alopecia (FFA) , 111 description , 148 etiology , 148 histopathology , 148–149 G peeling agents , 150 Galadari, I. , 240 topical agents , 149–150 Garg, V.K. , 144, 150 Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS) , 116–118 Genetic disorders , 347 DLE. See Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) George, A.O. , 131 DPN. See Dermatosis papulosa nigra (DPN) González, L.M. , 57, 59 Dreschnack, P. , 256 Gottlieb, A.B. , 63, 64 Duncan, M. , 200 Grabski, W. , 196 Durani, P. , 189 Graham Little syndrome , 112 Granstein, R. , 200 Grant-Kels, J.M. , 332 E Granulomatous rosacea , 30 Earles, R.M. , 355 Grif fi th, B. , 191 Earlobe keloids , 194–197 Grimes, P.E. , 142, 222, 289 Ear needle , 309 Grooming-induced alopecias , 91–92 Ellgehausen, P. , 51 Guerra, L. , 171 Epidermis , 3 Gunjittisomram, S. , 201 Erythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP) , 344 Gupta, A.K. , 78, 83 Index 375

Gupta, S. , 202 mestizo , 320 Guy, R.H. , 9 mulattos , 320 personalism , 321 terminology , 319 H HMF. See Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides Hair characteristics (HMF) African ancestry , 351, 352 Hobbs, L.M. , 240 Asian populations , 351, 352 Hochberg, M.C. , 52 Caucasians , 351, 352 Hyaluronic acid, soft tissue augmentation curved hair follicle , 352 bacterial-derived , 251 racial/ethnic populations , 353 description , 250–251 Hair myths, African American community , enhancement precautions , 251, 253 303 overview , 251, 252 Hair transplantation, ethnic populations viscoelastic , 251 AGA , 355–356 Hyperpigmentation anesthesia , 361 description , 222 CCCA , 358–359 diffuse , 224 complications , 365, 366 facial , 223 consultation , 360–361 localized , 223–224 contraindications , 360 treatment therapies , 225–226 donor harvesting , 363–364 , 243 emerging technologies , 367 Hypopigmentation/depigmentation disorders eyebrows , 366, 367 idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis eyelashes , 366 causative factors , 162 graft preparation , 364–365 characterization , 162 historical perspective , 353–355 cryotherapy , 162–163 postoperative counseling , 366 description , 161 recipient site creation , 365 differential diagnosis , 162 surgical instrumentation , 361, 362 localized super fi cial dermabrasion , TA , 357, 358 163 Halder, R.M. , 23, 24 psychological effects , 162 Hall, H.I. , 302 oculocutaneous albinism 2B Hani fi n, J.M. , 332 clinical phenotype , 169 Hanke, J. , 256 description , 168–169 Har-Shai, Y. , 202 differential diagnosis , 169–170 Hebra , F., 280 ocular manifestations , 169 Henna , 313–314 photoprotection , 170 Herbal medicine, traditional Asian practice piebaldism atopic dermatitis , 306–307 characteristic manifestation , 170 Bowen’s disease , 307, 308 c-kit proto-oncogene , 170 macular hypopigmentation , 307, 308 description , 170 psoriasis , 307 differential diagnosis , 171 Herzberg, A.J. , 133 histopathologic examination , 171 Hirayama, T. , 153 leukoderma , 170 , 243 repigmentation , 171 Hispanic patient PIH , 167–168 challenge , 325 pityriasis alba classi fi cation , 320 characterization , 163 culture in US , 322–324 description , 163 familism , 321 differential diagnosis , 164 folk illness , 321–322 tar emulsions , 165 health beliefs , 321 treatment , 164–165 history , 319–320 variations , 164 lack of health insurance , 323, 324 xerosis , 164 376 Index

Hypopigmentation/depigmentation differential diagnosis , 51 disorders (cont.) drugs and contactants , 50, 51 progressive macular hypomelanosis , epidemiology , 50 165–167 erosive/ulcerative , 50 vitiligo histopathology , 51 autoimmune pathogenesis , 172 hypertrophic , 49 autologous minigrafts , 174 pathophysiology , 50 autologous thin Thiersch graft , 174 systemic illness , 50 clinical variants , 172 treatment , 52 depigmentation , 174–175 lupus erythematosus description , 172 description , 52 diagnosis , 172 differential diagnosis , 55 excimer laser therapy , 174 epidemiology , 54 narrowband UVB , 173 histopathology , 54 psoralen photochemotherapy , 174 laboratory fi ndings , 55 PUVA therapy , 173, 174 pathophysiology , 54 response rates , 175 skin disorders and morphology , 52, 53 suction blister grafts , 174 treatment , 55–56 topical corticosteroids , 173 pityriasis rosea types , 172 description , 56 Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides differential diagnosis , 58, 59 (HMF) , 216, 217 drugs associated , 59 epidemiology , 58 etiology , 58 I histopathology , 58 Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis (IGH) treatment , 59 causative factors , 162 variants of , 56, 57 characterization , 162 psoriasis cryotherapy , 162–163 age variation , 61 description , 161 description , 60 differential diagnosis , 162 differential diagnosis , 62 localized super fi cial dermabrasion , 163 epidemiology , 60–61 psychological effects , 162 histopathology , 61 IGH. See Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis pathophysiology , 61 (IGH) systemic agents , 63 Imiquimod application , 201–202 topical agents , 63 In fl ammatory diseases , 345–346 topical vs. systemic/phototherapy , 62 In fl ammatory disorders treatment , 62 atopic dermatitis triggers , 60 characterization , 45 sarcoidosis differential diagnosis , 48 description , 62 distribution and morphology , 45, 46 differential diagnosis , 66, 70 epidemiology , 47 epidemiology , 68–69 feature , 45, 46 erythema nodosum , 68 histopathology , 47 etiology , 69 incidence , 47 histopathology , 69 laboratory fi ndings , 47 hypopigmented macules , 66, 67 pathophysiology , 47 laboratory fi ndings , 69 therapy , 48, 49 lupus pernio , 67, 68 micropapular , 66, 67 annular lesions , 48 morphologic variants , 65 bullous , 50 treatment , 70–71 characterization , 48 scleroderma description , 48 description , 71 Index 377

differential diagnosis , 75 bleomycin , 204 divisions , 71 combination therapy , 204 epidemiology , 72–73 compression therapy , 199 etiology , 73 corticosteroids histopathology , 74 polytherapy , 192 laboratory fi ndings , 74 side effects , 192–193 treatment , 75–76 solo therapy , 190–192 seborrheic dermatitis uses of , 190 description , 76 cryotherapy , 202 differential diagnosis , 77 earlobe , 188 epidemiology , 77 epidemiology , 181–182 etiology , 77 etiology Malassezia species , 76 endocrine factors , 184 petaloid seborrhea , 76 genetic predisposition , 184 therapeutic options , 77, 78 infection , 184 syphilis skin tension , 183 annular , 79 trauma , 183 description , 78 features , 205–206 differential diagnosis , 80 5- fl uorouracil (5-FU) , 202–203 epidemiology , 79 vs. hypertrophic scars , 185, 186 laboratory , 80 imiquimod application , 201–202 treatment , 81 interferons , 200–201 tinea (pityriasis) versicolor intralesional verapamil , 203 black skin , 81, 82 Medermar , 203 description , 81 mobility reduction , 186, 187 differential diagnosis , 83 pathogenesis , 185 epidemiology , 81 radiation therapy , 198–199 etiology , 82–83 silicone gel sheeting (SGS) , 200 laboratory , 83 surgical therapy prevalence , 81 earlobe keloids , 194–197 therapeutic options , 84 general rules of thumb , 194 Intralesional corticosteroids laser , 197 acne vulgaris , 27 therapeutic options , 189 lupus erythematosus , 56 tightening and pulling , 186, 187 Intralesional verapamil , 203 vitamin E , 203–204 Kerner, J. , 265 Kiil, J. , 191 J Kligman, A.M. , 142 Jessner’s solution , 290–291 Koebner phenomenon , 48 Joshi, S.S. , 150 Kormeili, T. , 60, 61 Kosaka, M. , 199 Kumar, B. , 202 K Kunachak, S. , 144 Kagami, S. , 154 Kaidbey, K.H. , 10 Kal, H. , 198 L Kamiishi, H. , 199 Lancet/blood letting needle , 309 Kaposi , M., 130 Lane, J. , 184 Katta, R. , 65 Laser hair removal, darker skin types Kaufman, J. , 201 AKN , 244 Kawasaki disease , 346 appropriate laser parameters , 240–241 Kaya, T.I. , 162 consultation , 241–242 Keloids , 227–228 hirsutism , 243 avoidance behaviors , 204–205 hypertrichosis , 243 378 Index

Laser hair removal, darker skin types (cont.) etiology , 107 laser device choice , 239–240 features , 106, 107 vs. lighter skin patients , 237 previous names , 106 paradoxical hypertrichosis , 245 treatment , 108–109 patient selection , 241 chronic cutaneous lupus PFB , 244 erythematosus , 115, 116 safety , 239, 240 LPP side effects , 243 clinical features , 110–112 test spots , 240–241 epidemiology , 110–112 treatment , 242–243 features , 110 Latino patients, cultural considerations. pathogenesis , 113 See Hispanic patient subgroups , 110 Lautenschlager, S. , 80 treatment , 113–114 Lebwohl, M. , 62–64 Leder, R.O. , 60 Leventhal, D. , 189 M Lichen planopilaris (LPP) Mahmoud, B.H. , 141 clinical features , 110–112 Malhotra, A. , 201 epidemiology , 110–112 Malignant melanoma , 214, 216 features , 110 Marini , 277 pathogenesis , 113 Marley, B. , 214 subgroups , 110 Marshman, G. , 50 treatment , 113–114 Martin-Garcia, R. , 201 Lichen planus McCauliffe, D.P. , 53, 55, 56 annular lesions , 48 McDonnell, J. , 65, 66, 70 bullous , 50 Mederma® , 203 characterization , 48 Medium-depth chemical peels description , 48 applying technique , 295–296 differential diagnosis , 51 classi fi cation , 293 drugs and contactants , 50, 51 contraindications , 295 epidemiology , 50 glycolic acid , 296 erosive/ulcerative , 50 indications , 293–294 histopathology , 51 trichloroacetic acid (TCA) , 295 hypertrophic , 49 Melaleuca alternifolia . See Tea tree pathophysiology , 50 Melanin/Melanosomes , 6–7 systemic illness , 50 Melanocyte and fi broblast reactivity , 275 treatment , 52 Melanoma, E.M. , 325 Lip rejuvenation , 257–258 Melanonychia striata , 330 Lo Brutto , R., 277 Melasma Localized hyperpigmentation , 223–224 cheeks/nose/forehead , 140 Lupus erythematosus clinical diagnosis , 140–141 description , 52 clinical recommendations , 146–147 differential diagnosis , 55 description , 139 epidemiology , 54 etiology , 140 histopathology , 54 histologic patterns , 141 laboratory fi ndings , 55 laser and light therapy , 144–146 pathophysiology , 54 peeling agents , 143–144 skin disorders and morphology , 52, 53 topical agents , 141–143 treatment , 55–56 US preventive services task force grade Lymphocytic cicatricial alopecias de fi nitions , 146, 148 CCCA Melasma quality-of-life scale clinical features , 107–108 (MELASQOL) , 141 epidemiology , 107 Metabolic syndrome , 346–347 Index 379

Methotrexate photoprotection , 170 lichen planopilaris , 113–114 Oculodermal melanocytosis. See sarcoidosis , 71 Nevus of Ota Microdermabrasion Okuda, S. , 353, 354 bene fi ts , 279 Orentreich, N. , 353, 363 vs. dermabrasion , 276 description , 276 procedure , 276–279 P Mongolian spots , 330 Papulopustular rosacea (PPR) , 30 Moxibustion technique , 312, 313 Paradoxical hypertrichosis , 245 Mustoe, T. , 189 Pathak, M.A. , 141 Mycobacterium fortuitum infection , Periorbital hypermelanosis 313, 314 clinical diagnosis , 155 description , 155 etiology , 155 N histopathology , 155 Neutrophilic cicatricial alopecias recommendations , 156 DCS , 116–118 treatment , 155–156 FD , 118–119 Periori fi cial (perioral) dermatitis , 340 Nevus fuscoceruleus ophthalmomaxillaris. Peterson, J.D. , 46, 49 See Nevus of Ota PFB. See Pseudofolliculitis barbae (PFB) Nevus of Ito , 151–154 pH , 5 Nevus of Ota Photoaging classi fi cation , 153 Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) , clinical diagnosis , 152–153 232–233 clinical recommendations , 154 soft tissue augmentation , 233–234 description , 151 Phymatous rosacea , 30 etiology , 152 Piebaldism histopathology , 153 characteristic manifestation , 170 Q-switched laser therapy , 154 c-kit proto-oncogene , 170 Nickel allergic contact dermatitis , 338 description , 170 Nodulocystic acne , 23 differential diagnosis , 171 Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) , 212 histopathologic examination , 171 Nonscarring alopecias leukoderma , 170 alopecia areata , 99–100 repigmentation , 171 alopecia syphilitica , 101–102 Pierce, H.E. , 353, 354 anagen ef fl uvium , 99 Pigmentary disorders , 343–345 androgenetic alopecia , 97–98 Pigmentary mosaicism , 331 grooming-induced alopecias , 91–92 PIH. See Postin fl ammatory hyperpigmentation primer on hairstyling , 92–95 (PIH) relaxer-induced alopecia , 95–96 Pityriasis alba telogen ef fl uvium , 98–99 characterization , 163 , 96, 97 description , 163 trichotillomania , 100–101 differential diagnosis , 164 tar emulsions , 165 treatment , 164–165 O variations , 164 Ocular rosacea , 30 xerosis , 164 Oculocutaneous albinism 2B Pityriasis rosea clinical phenotype , 169 description , 56 description , 168–169 differential diagnosis , 58, 59 differential diagnosis , 169–170 drugs associated , 59 ocular manifestations , 169 epidemiology , 58 380 Index

Pityriasis rosea (cont.) pediatric diseases, children of color , 338 etiology , 58 systemic agents , 63 histopathology , 58 topical agents , 63 pediatric diseases, children of color , 337 topical vs. systemic/phototherapy , 62 treatment , 59 treatment , 62 variants of , 56, 57 triggers , 60 Pityriasis versicolor , 77, 78 . See also Tinea (pityriasis) versicolor Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) R characteristics , 255 Rajka, G. , 331, 332 description , 254 Reed, J.T. , 8, 9 effective use , 256 Relaxer-induced alopecia , 95–96 facial lipoatrophy , 256, 257 Relyveld, G.N. , 167 hydrogel , 254–255 Rijken, F. , 11 injection steps , 258, 260 Robinson, J.K. , 302 safety , 254 Rosacea , 23 vs. acne vulgaris , 29 Postin fl ammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) African-American woman , 31 acne vulgaris , 22 clinical features , 29–31 clinical diagnosis , 148, 149 description , 28 clinical recommendations , 150–151 epidemiology , 28–29 description , 148 management etiology , 148 laser and light therapy , 32–33 histopathology , 148–149 oral therapy , 32 peeling agents , 150 topical therapy , 32 seborrheic dermatitis , 167, 168 Rothe, M.J. , 332 topical agents , 149–150 Rothifeld, N. , 53, 56 PPR. See Papulopustular rosacea (PPR) Progressive macular hypomelanosis , 165–167 Pseudofolliculitis barbae (PFB) S description , 123 Sak yant , 312 differential diagnosis , 124, 126 Salasche, S. , 196 epidemiology , 123 Salicylic acid peels etiology , 124 acne , 27 keloidal/hypertrophic scarring , 124, 126 cheek , 226 laboratory investigations , 124 hyperpigmentation disorders, 144, laser hair removal , 244 150, 151 pathogenesis , 124 PIH , 27 PIH , 124, 126 Sarcoidosis prevalence , 123 description , 62 sample patient education material , 128 differential diagnosis , 66, 70 treatment epidemiology , 68–69 chemical peels , 130 erythema nodosum , 68 epilation , 129–130 etiology , 69 fi rst-line therapy , 127 histopathology , 69 hair removal practices , 127–128 hypopigmented macules , 66, 67 medical therapy , 129 laboratory fi ndings , 69 , 112 lupus pernio , 67, 68 Psoriasis micropapular , 66, 67 age variation , 61 morphologic variants , 65 description , 60 treatment , 70–71 differential diagnosis , 62 Sarkar , 287 epidemiology , 60–61 Scarring alopecias. See Cicatricial alopecias histopathology , 61 SCC. See Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) pathophysiology , 61 Schulze, R. , 129 Index 381

Scleroderma description , 250–251 description , 71 enhancement precautions , 251, 253 differential diagnosis , 75 overview , 251, 252 divisions , 71 viscoelastic , 251 epidemiology , 72–73 photoaging , 233–234 etiology , 73 soft tissue fi llers, blacks , 250 histopathology , 74 stimulatory fi llers , 253–255 laboratory fi ndings , 74 Sontheimer, R.D. , 51, 75 treatment , 75–76 Sperling, L.C. , 131 Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) , 214–215 description , 76 Stashower, M. , 201 differential diagnosis , 77 Steen, V.D. , 72 epidemiology , 77 Stoughton, R.B. , 9 etiology , 77 Stratum corneum , 2, 6 Malassezia species , 76 Stulberg, D.L. , 59 pediatric diseases, children of color , 337 Suction blister graft technique , 174 petaloid seborrhea , 76 Sunenshine, P.J. , 78 therapeutic options , 77, 78 Super fi cial chemical peels Selective photothermolysis , 238 acne , 27 Shaffer, J. , 189 alpha hydroxy acids , 286–288 Silicone gel sheeting (SGS) , 189, 192, 200 beta hydroxy acid , 288–289 Skin Jessner’s solution , 290–291 biophysical properties , 4–5 PIH , 27 cancers tretinoin , 292–293 BCC , 212–214 trichloroacetic acid (TCA) , 291–292 histologic differences , 211–212 Syphilis HMF , 216, 217 annular , 79 malignant melanoma , 214, 216 description , 78 ozone layer , 212 differential diagnosis , 80 SCC , 214–215 epidemiology , 79 screening and prevention , 217–218 laboratory , 80 treatment options , 216–217 treatment , 81 cell layers , 5 Systemic sclerosis (SSc) corneocyte variability , 5 American College of Rheumatology cultural differences , 13–15 guidelines , 71 functional differences anterior chest depigmentation , 72, 73 barrier function , 8–9 differential diagnosis , 75 blood vessel , 9–10 pathogenetic mechanisms , 73 cutaneous appendages , 12–13 pigmented lesions , 74 percutaneous absorption , 8–9 prevalence , 72 photoprotection , 10–11 skin changes , 71, 72 skin reactivity , 9–10 types , 71 vitamin D production , 11–12 Szabo, G. , 10 laxity description , 231 infrared tightening , 231–232 T radiofrequency (RF) , 231 TA. See Traction alopecia (TA) myths, African American community , Talakoub, L. , 2 301–303 Tan, E.M. , 52 resurfacing procedures (see Chemical Taylor, S. , 142 peels; Microdermabrasion) structure TE. See Telogen ef fl uvium (TE) and function , 2–3 Tea tree , 308–309 Soft tissue augmentation Telogen ef fl uvium (TE) , 98–99 hyaluronic acid Tinea capitis , 342–343 bacterial-derived , 251 Tinea (pityriasis) versicolor 382 Index

Tinea (pityriasis) versicolor (cont.) Vitamin E , 203–204 black skin , 81, 82 Vitiligo description , 81, 343 autoimmune pathogenesis , 172 differential diagnosis , 83 autologous minigrafts , 174 epidemiology , 81 autologous thin Thiersch etiology , 82–83 graft , 174 laboratory , 83 clinical variants , 172 prevalence , 81 depigmentation , 174–175 therapeutic options , 84 description , 172 Traction alopecia (TA) diagnosis , 172 in childhood , 339, 340 excimer laser therapy , 174 classic pattern , 96, 97 narrowband UVB , 173 female pattern , 357, 358 psoralen photochemotherapy , 174 Traditional Asian practice, cutaneous PUVA therapy , 173, 174 conditions response rates , 175 acupuncture suction blister grafts , 174 adverse effects , 311 topical corticosteroids , 173 description , 309 types , 172 evaluation process , 310 Voight/Futcher’s lines , 331 psoriasis , 310 aromatherapy alopecia areata , 309 W contact dermatitis , 309, 310 Wang, C.C. , 145 description , 307 Wang, H.W. , 154 phototoxic reaction , 309 Warrier, A.G. , 5 coin rubbing/coining technique , 311 Wasserbauer, N. , 46, 48 common beliefs , 314 Watanabe, S. , 154 cupping technique , 311–312 Water content (WC) , 4–5 henna , 313–314 Watkins, D.B. , 163 herbal medicine Weaver, S.M. , 129 atopic dermatitis , 306–307 Wesley, N.O. , 2 Bowen’s disease , 307, 308 White spot parapsoriasis macular hypopigmentation , 307, 308 description , 84 psoriasis , 307 differential diagnosis , 85 moxibustion technique , 312, 313 epidemiology , 85 sak yant , 312 etiology/pathophysiology , 85 Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) , 4 histopathology , 85 Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) laboratory fi ndings , 85 medium-depth chemical peels , 295 treatment , 86 super fi cial chemical peels , 291–292 Wickham’s striae , 48 , 339 Wickrema, W.J. , 9 Trichotillomania (TTM) , 100–101 Wiley, J. , 153 Trindade, F. , 154 Williams, C. , 197 Tyndall effect. See Mongolian spots Willis, I. , 142 Wilson, D. , 4 Wolff, K. , 72, 75 U Wolfrey, J. , 59 Unna , 280

Y V Yamaguchi, Y. , 11 Veen, R. , 198 Yantra tattooing. See Sak yant Viscoelastic hyaluronic acid , 251