Index A African American community Acne excoriee , 21, 22 cocoa butter , 302 Acneiform disorders , 340 diagnosis codes, dermatologist Acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) , 340 visit , 301 description , 130 hair myths , 303 diagnosis , 131, 132 patient care , 304 differential diagnosis , 133 skin myths , 301–303 epidemiology , 130–131 African descent, cultural considerations histopathology , 133 description , 300 laser hair removal , 244 health services utilization , 300–301 pathogenesis , 131 misconceptions , 301 prevalence , 130–131 AGA. See Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) treatment Aging effects, ethnic skin , 248–249 fi rst line therapy , 134–135 AKN. See Acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) minimally invasive therapy , 135 Alaluf, S. , 6 surgical , 135 Alexis, A.F. , 23 Acne vulgaris (AV) Alopecia areata , 99–100 aggravating factors , 23 Alopecia syphilitica , 101–102 clinical features , 21–23 Alpha hydroxy acids , 286–288 epidemiology , 23–24 Alster, T. , 197 management Anagen ef fl uvium (AE) , 99 oral therapy , 27 Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) , 97–98, procedural therapy , 27–28 355–356 topical therapy , 24–26 Antimalarials pathogenic factors , 23 lupus erythematosus , 55 PIH , 22 sarcoidosis , 71 vs. rosacea , 29 Aramaki, J. , 10 sequelae , 28 Aromatherapy, traditional Asian practice Acupuncture alopecia areata , 309 traditional Asian practice, cutaneous contact dermatitis , 309, 310 conditions description , 307 adverse effects , 311 phototoxic reaction , 309 description , 309 Ashy dermatosis. See Erythema evaluation process , 310 dyschromicum perstans (EDP) psoriasis , 310 Asian skin Adrian, R.M. , 229 irritants and allergens , 40 AE. See Anagen ef fl uvium (AE) structure and physiology , 39 A.F. Alexis and V.H. Barbosa (eds.), Skin of Color: A Practical Guide 371 to Dermatologic Diagnosis and Treatment, DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-84929-4, © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012 372 Index Atopic dermatitis (AD) cosmetic applications , 265 characterization , 45 cosmetic procedure , 263 differential diagnosis , 48 description , 263 distribution and morphology , 45, 46 dynamic wrinkles , 272–273 epidemiology , 47 facial shaping, dermal fi llers , 260–261 feature , 45, 46 history , 265 histopathology , 47 injection technique , 267–268 incidence , 47 photoaging , 232–233 laboratory fi ndings , 47 pre and postoperative care , 266 pathophysiology , 47 serotypes , 263 pediatric diseases, children of color side effects , 272 criteria , 332 treatment guidelines Dennie-Morgan folds , 332, 333 axillary hyperhidrosis , 271 differential diagnosis , 335, 336 bunny lines , 269, 270 features , 331 chin lines , 270, 271 licheni fi cation , 332, 333 Crow’s feet , 269, 270 lichenoid , 333 eyelid ptosis , 271 skin care , 334–335 forehead lines , 269 treatment , 333 Glabellar lines , 268 therapy , 48, 49 lateral browlift , 269 Autoimmune diseases Marionette lines , 269–270 alopecia areata , 99 Botwood, N. , 198 children of color , 347 Bowen’s disease , 215 Autologous minigraft technique , 174 Brown, D.L. , 80 Autologous thin Thiersch graft technique , 174 Bulengo-Ransby, S. , 149 AV. See Acne vulgaris (AV) Busquets, A. , 201 B C Bacterial-derived hyaluronic acid , 251 Canella, A. , 277 Ballow, M. , 46, 48 CCCA. See Central centrifugal cicatricial Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) alopecia (CCCA) atypical presentation , 212 Cell layers , 5 differential diagnosis , 213, 214 Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia nodular-pigmented , 213 (CCCA) Battle, E.F., Jr. , 240 clinical features , 107–108 Bayat, A. , 189 epidemiology , 107 Berardesca, E. , 4, 9, 10 etiology , 107 Berman, B. , 200, 201 features , 106, 107 Berman, N. , 200 hair transplants, ethnic populations , Bernard, B.A. , 7 358–359 Beta hydroxy acid , 288–289 previous names , 106 Black skin treatment , 108–109 irritants and allergens , 40 Chan, L.S. , 46, 49 structure and physiology , 39 Chan, R. , 143 Bleomycin , 204 Chemical peels Botulinum toxin A (BtxA) bene fi ts , 283, 286 action mechanism , 266 description , 280 aging process , 264–265 peeling agents, classi fi cation of , 280 Botox vs. Dysport , 263, 264 risks , 280, 283 clinical use , 265 Child, F.J. , 24 commercial preparations , 266 Children of color complications , 272 autoimmune diseases , 347 contraindications , 267 description , 327 Index 373 genetic disorders , 347 Corneocyte variability , 5 in fl ammatory diseases , 345–346 Corticosteroids metabolic syndrome , 346–347 acne keloidalis nuchae , 134–135 pediatric diseases keloids atopic dermatitis , 331–336 polytherapy , 192 con fl uent and reticulated side effects , 192–193 papillomatosis , 339 solo therapy , 190–192 follicular disorders , 339–343 uses of , 190 nickel allergic contact dermatitis , 338 pityriasis alba , 164 pigmentary disorders , 343–345 sarcoidosis , 70 pityriasis rosea , 337 Cosman, B. , 182 psoriasis , 338 Cosmetic concerns seborrheic dermatitis , 337 advantages , 222 pigmentary alteration causes , 327–329 disadvantages , 222 skin development DPN , 228, 229 linear pigmentation , 330, 331 hyperpigmentation melanocyte migration , 329–330 description , 222 melanosomes , 329 diffuse , 224 Mongolian spots , 330 facial , 223 transient neonatal pustular melanosis , localized , 223–224 330 treatment therapies , 225–226 Voight/Futcher’s lines , 331 keloids , 227–228 Choi, S. , 225 skin laxity Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus , description , 231 115, 116 infrared tightening , 231–232 Chua, S.H. , 231 radiofrequency (RF) , 231 Chuangsuwanich, A. , 201 unwanted hair removal Cicatricial alopecias diode laser , 229 lymphocytic Nd:YAG system , 230–231 CCCA , 106–109 topical e fl ornithine HCl , 228 chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus , Crespo-Erchiga, V. , 83 115, 116 Cupping technique , 311–312 LPP , 110–114 Cutaneous needle , 309 neutrophilic DCS , 116–118 FD , 118–119 D North American Hair Research Society DCS. See Dissecting cellulitis of the (NAHRS) classi fi cation , 106 scalp (DCS) Classic lichen planopilaris (LPP) , 110–111 Deep chemical peels , 296 Clostridium botulinum , 263 Dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) , 3 Coin rubbing/coining technique , 311 Dermal fi llers, ethnic skin Comedone extraction, acne vulgaris , 27 aging effects , 248–249 Conejo-Mir, J.S. , 197 cosmetic products growth , 247 Con fl uent and reticulated PLLA , 255–261 papillomatosis , 339 soft tissue augmentation , 250–255 Contact dermatitis Dermal structure , 7–8 allergens , 41–42 Dermatosis papulosa nigra (DPN) , 228, 229 clinical presentation , 39 Dermis , 3 description , 37 De Winter, S. , 7, 11 epidemiology , 37–38 Diffuse hyperpigmentation , 224 patch testing , 41–42 Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) , Corcuff, P. , 5 115, 116 374 Index Disorders of hyperpigmentation Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR) , 29–30 melasma Espana, A. , 204 cheeks/nose/forehead , 140 clinical diagnosis , 140–141 clinical recommendations , 146–147 F description , 139 Fabbri, P. , 56 etiology , 140 Facial lipoatrophy histologic patterns , 141 grading scale , 256, 257 laser and light therapy , 144–146 injection technique , 257 peeling agents , 143–144 safety and ef fi cacy history , 256–257 topical agents , 141–143 treatment sessions , 257 US preventive services task force grade Faergemann, J. , 78 de fi nitions , 146, 148 Falabella, R. , 163 nevus of Ito , 151–154 Farber, E.M. , 60 nevus of Ota FD. See Folliculitis decalvans (FD) classi fi cation , 153 Fernandez-Faith, E. , 65, 66, 70 clinical diagnosis , 152–153 Fibrosing Alopecia in a Pattern Distribution clinical recommendations , 154 (FAPD) , 111, 112 description , 151 Filiform steel needle , 309 etiology , 152 Fitzpatrick, R. , 202, 203, 228 histopathology , 153 5- fl uorouracil (5-FU) , 202–203 Q-switched laser therapy , 154 Florencio, V.D. , 83 periorbital hypermelanosis Flores, F. , 200 clinical diagnosis , 155 Flores-Hughes, G. , 319 description , 155 Follicular disorders , 339–343 etiology , 155 Folliculitis decalvans (FD) , 118–119 histopathology , 155 Foot corrections , 258–259 recommendations , 156 Fox , 280 treatment , 155–156 Fox, H. , 163 PIH Foy, V. , 10 clinical diagnosis , 148, 149 Frank, J.E. , 80 clinical recommendations , 150–151 Frontal fi brosing alopecia (FFA) , 111 description , 148 etiology , 148 histopathology , 148–149 G peeling agents , 150 Galadari, I. , 240 topical agents , 149–150 Garg, V.K. , 144, 150 Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS) , 116–118 Genetic disorders , 347 DLE. See Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) George, A.O. , 131 DPN. See Dermatosis papulosa nigra (DPN) González, L.M. , 57, 59 Dreschnack, P. , 256 Gottlieb, A.B. , 63, 64 Duncan, M. , 200 Grabski, W. , 196 Durani, P. , 189 Graham Little syndrome , 112 Granstein, R. , 200 Grant-Kels, J.M. , 332 E Granulomatous rosacea , 30 Earles, R.M. , 355 Grif fi th, B. , 191 Earlobe keloids , 194–197 Grimes, P.E. , 142, 222, 289 Ear needle , 309 Grooming-induced alopecias , 91–92 Ellgehausen, P. , 51 Guerra, L. , 171 Epidermis , 3 Gunjittisomram, S. , 201 Erythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP) , 344 Gupta, A.K. , 78, 83 Index 375 Gupta, S. , 202 mestizo , 320 Guy, R.H. , 9 mulattos , 320 personalism , 321 terminology , 319 H HMF. See Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides Hair characteristics (HMF) African ancestry , 351, 352 Hobbs, L.M. , 240 Asian populations , 351, 352 Hochberg, M.C. , 52 Caucasians , 351, 352 Hyaluronic acid, soft tissue augmentation curved hair follicle , 352 bacterial-derived , 251 racial/ethnic populations , 353 description , 250–251 Hair myths, African American community , enhancement precautions , 251, 253 303 overview , 251, 252 Hair transplantation, ethnic populations viscoelastic