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Length-Weight Relationships of Freshwater Fishes of Thailand

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Length-Weight Relationships of Freshwater Fishes of Thailand PROJECT: A.I.D. csd 2270 INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR AQUACULTURE TASK ORDER NO. 9 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SERIES NO. 3 FEBRUARY 1973 Length-Weight Relationships of Freshwater Fishes of Thailand Fi-omi R ie and Ifl1POLIC117l Stirvc'\ Byv Staff of IDcpcirtiiiuii of Fislicuics NIMisti-v of A(2,riCL11tLll-C International Center for Aquaculture Agricultural Experiment Station AUBURN UNIVERSITY R. Dennis Rouse, Director Auburn, Alabama ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The basic data on length-weight measurements of Thai fishes were obtained by biologists of the Thai Department of Fisheries on fish taken by sampling populations in rivers and impoundments under the direction of Ariya Sidthimunka. The preparation of these data for publication was financed through United States Agency for International Development Project No. AID/csd 2270 T09 under direction of H. S. Swingle, Director, International Center for Aquaculture, Au- burn University Agricultural Experiment Station. Length-Weight Relationships of Freshwater Fishes of Thailand1 ARIYA SIDTHIMUNKA 2 L ENGTH-WEIGHT data on fishes are useful to biologists for a condition, or robustness of a fish as greater than, equal to, variety of purposes. The data presented are especially val- or less than the standard weight for a given length. uable because they are derived from measurements of fishes Calculated weights are from general equations of the form taken from lakes, swamps, and reservoirs in major river sys- A tems throughout Thailand over an extended period of time. W = aLb Since the data are derived from fishes taken from all types A of natural waters over a period of years, they can be con- where W = weight in grams, L = total length in centimeters, sidered typical average weights of that species for each of a - a constant and b an exponent. This relationship was the given lengths. Along with length-weight data the con- calculated in its linear logarithmic form where dition index (K) is presented and was derived as follows: A Logl W - log ca + b logloL W x 105 0 1 0 Very often one equation will not adequately describe K 3 where: the L complete range of lengths and weights for a particular W = weight in grams, species. As a result two or even three equations are some- L = total length in centimeters times used to describe a set of data. The range over which a single standard length-weight equation was computed was K is an expression of weight of a fish per centimeter of selected by determining the point where the increment of length. Since the characteristic shape of some fish changes increase or decrease in the condition index changed signifi- with increase in length, K is not a constant for a species, but cantly in magnitude. The parameters log (a) and b for each changes gradually with increase in length and age of fish equation and the intervals to which they apply are presented and serves primarily to demonstrate the length where this in the Appendix. change in body shape is most evident. For example, from the standard table, Tilapia nilotica of A more meaningful expression of condition can be obtained A by calculation of another measure of condition of a popula- 12 cm total length has a standard W= 832.3 grams. If pla nin tion or of an individual fish. This is the relative condition from a rice field with a total length of 12 cm weighs 40.0 3 index of Le Cren (Kn): grams, then W 40.0 Kn = A, where: Kn- 32. 1.24, W W = weight of an individual or the average weight of indicating that the fish from the rice field was 24 per cent individuals of a certain length, and heavier at the same length than the standard average for the entire country. However, if the weight of a 12-cm pla nin W = the calculated average weight for the above length taken from a swamp during the dry period has a weight of from the equation W =aLb, where a and b are 28.0 grams, then constants. 28.0 Kn 32.3 0.87 W is the calculated average or standard weight for a given total length, L, of a particular species under conditions in indicating that the fish weighed only 87 per cent as much Thailand, and are presented in the tables that follow. Kn, (or 18 per cent less) than the average and is growing very A slowly or even losing weight. This may be due to over- may be calculated from these standard W's, and expresses crowding of fish, reduction in food due to gradual reduction in water area during the dry period, or to other unfavorable 1Thai Department of Fisheries, Inland Fisheries Division, conditions for fish growth. Chertchai Amatayakul, Director. A centimeter grouping may be too large for a meaningful 2 Chief, Fishery Biological Survey Unit. comparison of estimated and observed weights. For ex- Le Cren, E. D. 1951. The Length-Weight Relationship and Seasonal Cycle in CGonad Weight and Condition in the Perch, ample, if a fish is 12.3 cm, its estimated weight can be com- Perca fluviatilis. J. Animal Ecol. 20(2):201-219. puted using the log (a) and b values listed in the Appendix. In the case of pla nin, the estimated weight (W) would be INDEX TO SPECIES OF FISHES OF THAILAND 35.07 for a 12.3 cm fish. Scientific Name Common Name Page A W 3=5.07 = antilog 1.5449 = -2.08 + 3.28 log 12.3 Acanthopsis choirorhynchos Pla Sai 5 Seasonal changes in condition as fish approach the spawn- Albulichthys albuloides 5 Amblyrhynchichthys truncatus ing period may increase their weight by an average of 10 Pla Ta Lurk 5 Anabas testudineus Pla Mor Thai 5 per cent without corresponding changes in length, thus giving Barbichthys laevis Pla Hua Liem 5 Kn values above 1. This is due to gradual increase in weight Pla Nang Ao 5 of the gonads, which is followed by sharp decrease in body B. nanensis Pla Nang Ao 6 Botia weight immediately following spawning. There will be, in B. modestahymenophysa Pla Mu Kang Lai 6 certain species, differences in condition due to sex of the Pla Mu Kao 6 Chanda baculis Pla Kamao 6 fish. This is often related to their role in spawning. In cer- C. siamensis Pla Kamao 6 tain species such as tilapia, the female grows slowly during C. wolffii Pla Pan 6 the spawning period because of the energy required for fre- Chelonodon sp. Pla Puk Pow 6 quent spawning. Cirrhinus sp. Pla Soi 6 C. jullieni Pla Soi Kao 7 K, may be used as an indication of relative rapidity of Clarias batrachus Pla Duk Dan 7 growth, because the weight per unit length of a fish is greater Clupeoides hypselosoma Pla Ka Tug 7 when it is growing rapidly Coilia macrognathus Pla Hang Kai 7 than when growing slowly. That Pla Sai Tan 7 is, the maximum depth and maximum width, and conse- Cultrops siamensis Pla Tong Plu 7 quently the volume and weight of a fish, is greater when Cyclocheilichthys sp. Pla Nam Lang 7 growth is rapid, producing a relatively short, heavy fish in C. apogon Pla Nam Lang 8 "good condition." Conversely under unfavorable growth C. armatus Pla Pak Liem 8 C. dumerilii Pla Nam Lang 8 conditions, a fish appears long and thin, and in "poor condi- C. enoplos Pla Takok 8 tion." Under prolonged periods of starvation the fish loses C. repasson Pla Nam Lang 8 in girth and weight, while the bony skeleton prevents much Datnioides microlepis Pla Seua Taw 9 Fluta alba Pla Lai 9 change in length. Relative condition of fishes thus may often Garra taeniata Pla Lia Hin 9 summarize average, good or poor conditions for growth in a Hampala dispar Pla Kasoop 9 given body of water, expressed by Kn values of 1.0, above H. macrolepidota Pla Kasoop 10 1.0 and below 1.0 respectively. Kryptopterus cryptopterus Pla Neua On 10 K. bleekeri 10 Poor condition of individual fish in a population having Labeo bicolor 10 average or good condition may be caused by parasites, dis- L. erythrurus 10 ease, or abnormal physiological problems. Labiobarbus sp. Pla Song Kruang 11 L. lineatus 11 Length-weight data are tabulated for each species in cen- L. siamensis Pla Sa 11 timeters and grams. Data consists of the centimeter length, L. spilopleura Pla Sa 11 the number of fish measured in this centimeter length, the Laides hexanema Pla Sangkaward 11 minimum Leiocassis sianimensis Pla Kayeng Hin 11 and maximum weights, the average weight, the Luciosoma bleekeri Pla Ai Ao 11 A computed Lycothrissa crocodilus Pla Meo 11 standard weight or W and the condition index K. Macrognathus aculeatus Pla Lot 12 Species are listed alphabetically by scientific name. M. armatus Pla Lot 12 The computer program previously used to calculate length- Mastocembelus armatus armatus Pla Kathing 12 weight of Alabama fishes (1964, 1965) was modified for this M. circumcinctus Pla Lot Lai M. taeniagaster Pla Kathing 12 study by Wayne E. Swingle of the Marine Resources Di- Microphis boaja Pla Jim Fun Jorakae 12 vision of the Alabama Department of Conservation, who also Morulius chrysophekadion Pla Ka 13 prepared the data for processing. Assisting in the prepara- Mystacoleucus sp. 13 M. chilopterus 13 tion of the report were Drs. W. D. Davies and E. W. Shell Mystus sp. Pla Kot 13 of the International Center. Credit is also due to Dr. R. M. atrifasciatus Pla Kayeng Kang Lai 13 M. Patterson, Research Data Analysis, Auburn University M. cavasius Pla Kayeng Bai Khao 13 Agricultural Experiment Station for suggestions and super- M.
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