DOCSLIB.ORG

(Tsinghua) University

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
(Tsinghua) University appendix a of selected chinese architects and profiles schools spective institutions. Zhang Kaiji, Zhang Bo, and Dai Nianci are three of the most prolific and well-known of the many practicing architects the school has educated. Southeastern’s enduring quality was built, most of all, on an extraordinary faculty. Liu Dunzhen, Tong Chuin, and Yang Tingbao each taught there for up to four decades. Because of the depart- ment’s longevity, its library also enjoys one of China’s most extensive holdings in architecture. Pan Guxi, ed., Dongnan daxue jianzhuxi chengli qishi zhounian jinian zhuanji (Memorial Sympo- sium for the seventieth anniversaries of the Architectural Department of Southeastern University) (Beijing: Zhongguo jianzhu gongye chubanshe, 1997). Qi Kang, b. 1931 Qi Kang attended Nanjing Institute of Technology under the tutelage of Yang Tingbao, and joined the faculty of the school after graduation. As Yang Tingbao’s protégé, Qi Kang has also collected and edited almost all of Yang’s existing writings and works. In addition, Qi trained dozens of graduate students and was elected fellow of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. As a professional architect, Qi established a distinctive and powerful style of memorial and monu- mental architecture. Among his works are the Memorial Museum of the Nanjing Massacre and Yuhuatai Memorial Hall. Qinghua (Tsinghua) University Tsinghua School was founded in 1911, in part with the American repayment of the Boxer Indemnity penalties, as a school to prepare Chinese youth to study in the United States. Chen Zhi, Liang Sicheng, Yang Tingbao, and Tong Chuin all attended it before going to the University of Pennsylvania. Although Tsinghua became a university in 1925, only in 1946 did it begin an architecture program. Founded by Liang Sicheng and Lin Huiying, the department quickly grew to rival its more established counterparts in Nanjing and Shanghai. Mo Zhong- jiang, Wu Liangyong, Wong Guoyu, Zhou Poyi, Zhu Changzhong, and later Wang Tan formed a strong team of teachers led by Liang. Taking advantage of its location in Beijing, Tsinghua also invited practicing architects such as Dai Nianci, Lin Leyi, and Zhang Bo to join as adjunct faculty members. 223 Copyright © 2002. MIT Press. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/7/2016 3:21 PM via COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - MAIN AN: 78104 ; Rowe, Peter G., Kuan, Seng.; Architectural Encounters with Essence and Form in Modern China Account: s2953473 Zhao Bingshi and Hu Shaoxue, eds., Qinghua daxue jianzhu xueyuan (xi) chengli wushi zhounian jinian wenji: 1946–1996 (Tsinghua University Architecture School collection of articles cele- brating the fiftieth anniversary) (Beijing: Zhongguo jianzhu gongye chubanshe, 1996). Tong Jun (Tung Chuin), 1900–1983 Tong Jun was a master architect, teacher, and scholar. Although lesser known than his University of Pennsylvania classmates Liang Sicheng and Yang Tingbao, he was perhaps the most respected figure in modern Chinese architecture, remembered for his rigor and erudition. Son of a Manchu scholar, Tong was educated at Tsinghua College and the University of Pennsylvania, where he completed both the five-year curriculum of the bachelor of architecture degree and the one- year master of architecture program in three years, while garnering multiple honors and awards for his stellar scholarship. After graduation, Tong worked in the United States for two years; he returned to China in 1930. After his return, Tong joined the faculty at Northeastern University at Shenyang and took charge as departmental chair for a very trying semester between Liang’s departure for the So- ciety for Research on Chinese Architecture in Beijing and the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. Reputed to be a demanding and rigorous teacher, Tong was devoted to his students. When Northeastern University was disbanded in 1933, Tong organized a group of architects in Shang- hai, including Chen Zhi and Zhao Shen, to see them through the completion of their studies and secured them employment. Speaking for the architectural profession in China, Liang Sicheng commended Tong as “a glimpse of light in a broken nation.” After the Japanese invaded Manchuria in 1933, Tong joined Zhao Shen and Chen Zhi in Shanghai to establish the Allied Architects. The firm was responsible for such works as the Min- istry of Foreign Affairs in Nanjing (1932–1933), the Nanjing Xiaguan Electricity Plant (1932–1933), and the Shanghai Metropole Theater (1933). Tong Jun’s legacy is in his vast body of scholarly works. In 1937, he published the pioneering Chinese Gardens: Especially in Kiangsu and Chekiang and Jiangnan yuanli zhi (Annals of Gardens in China), discussing the history of garden building, landscape painting, calligraphy, and philo- sophical thought in China and drawing comparisons with the Villa d’Este at Tivoli, the Alhambra in Granada, and the Ryoanji in Kyoto. 224 Copyright © 2002. MIT Press. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/7/2016 3:21 PM via COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - MAIN AN: 78104 ; Rowe, Peter G., Kuan, Seng.; Architectural Encounters with Essence and Form in Modern China Account: s2953473 appendix a of selected chinese architects and profiles schools Though he was a scholar steeped in classical gardens, Tong advocated and practiced a disciplined style that was remarkably progressive. In an article published in Tien Hsia Monthly in October 1937, Tong wrote, “The Chinese roof, when made to crown an up-to-date structure, looks not unlike the burdensome and superfluous pigtail, and it is strange that while the latter is now a sign of ridicule, the Chinese roof should still be admired.... It would be at once an anachronism and a fallacy if the tiled roof is made to cover constructions of any size with modern interior arrangement.” Tong joined the faculty at National Central University in 1944 and remained there until his death in 1983. During his later years, even through the hostile decade of the Cultural Revolution, Tong maintained a habit of reading foreign journals and kept meticulous notes from his read- ings. The brief span between the end of the Cultural Revolution in 1976 and his death in 1983 saw decades’ worth of Tong’s work come to fruition. He published Xingjianzhu yu liupai (New Architecture and Styles), Jinbainian xifang jianzhu shi (Western Architecture History in the Last Hundred Years), Rebenjingxiandai jianzhu (Japanese Architecture in Recent History), Sulian jianzhu (Soviet Architecture), and Dongnan yuanshu (Glimpses of Gardens in Eastern China). As the politi- cal climate shifted toward a liberal opening to the West, his books quickly filled the lacuna of Chinese works on up-to-date architectural currents in the West. This was a remarkable accom- plishment for a seventy-seven-year-old man who had not stepped out of China since his student days at the University of Pennsylvania and whose work had been suppressed for more than a decade. It is all the more extraordinary that in the final chapter of his last book he would mov- ingly lavish praise on the Centre Pompidou (Beaubourg), recently finished and itself a subject of controversy in the West. Tung Chuin, “Architecture Chronicle,” Tien Hsia Monthly, October 1937, 308–312; Yang Yong- sheng, “Chunpu er jiechu de Tong Jun” (The straightforwardness and excellence of Tong Jun) in Jianzhu Sijie: Liu Dunzhen, Tong Jun, Liang Sicheng, Yang Tingbao, edited by Yang Yong- sheng and Ming Liansheng (Beijing: Zhongguo jianzhu gongye chubanshe, 1998), 31–38. 225 Copyright © 2002. MIT Press. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in any form without permission from the publisher, except fair uses permitted under U.S. or applicable copyright law. EBSCO Publishing : eBook Collection (EBSCOhost) - printed on 11/7/2016 3:21 PM via COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - MAIN AN: 78104 ; Rowe, Peter G., Kuan, Seng.; Architectural Encounters with Essence and Form in Modern China Account: s2953473.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • To Search High and Low: Liang Sicheng, Lin Huiyin, and China's
    Scapegoat Architecture/Landscape/Political Economy Issue 03 Realism 30 To Search High and Low: Liang Sicheng, Lin ­Huiyin, and China’s Architectural Historiography, 1932–1946 by Zhu Tao MISSING COMPONENTS Living in the remote countryside of Southwest Liang and Lin’s historiographical construction China, they had to cope with the severe lack of was problematic in two respects. First, they were financial support and access to transportation. so eager to portray China’s traditional architec- Also, there were very few buildings constructed ture as one singular system, as important as the in accordance with the royal standard. Liang and Greek, Roman and Gothic were in the West, that his colleagues had no other choice but to closely they highly generalized the concept of Chinese study the humble buildings in which they resided, architecture. In their account, only one dominant or others nearby. For example, Liu Zhiping, an architectural style could best represent China’s assistant of Liang, measured the courtyard house “national style:” the official timber structure exem- he inhabited in Kunming. In 1944, he published a plified by the Northern Chinese royal palaces and thorough report in the Bulletin, which was the first Buddhist temples, especially the ones built during essay on China’s vernacular housing ever written the period from the Tang to Jin dynasties. As a by a member of the Society for Research in Chi- consequence of their idealization, the diversity of nese Architecture.6 Liu Dunzhen, director of the China’s architectural culture—the multiple con- Society’s Literature Study Department and one of struction systems and building types, and in par- Liang’s colleagues, measured his parents’ country- ticular, the vernacular buildings of different regions side home, “Liu Residence” in Hunan province, in and ethnic groups—was roundly dismissed.
    [Show full text]
  • The Schools of Architecture in New York State
    New York State An Organization of The American Institute of Architects The Schools of Architecture in New York State 3 3 The Schools of Architecture in New York State is a publication of AIA New York State 50 State Street, Fifth Floor Albany, NY 12207 518.449.3334 www.aianys.org AIA New York State is an organization of The American Institute of Architects 1735 New York Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20006 1.800.AIA.3837 www.aia.org Eleventh Edition 2014 Georgi Ann Bailey, CAE, Hon. AIANYS Executive Director, AIANYS Editor: Stephanie Quirini Director of Communications, AIANYS 3 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................2 THE SCHOOLS OF ARCHITECTURE IN NYS INFORMATION ...................................3 SCHOOLS WITH NAAB-ACCREDITED PROGRAMS City College of New York (CCNY) ........................................................................4 Columbia University ...........................................................................................6 The Cooper Union ..............................................................................................8 Cornell University ............................................................................................10 New York Institute of Technology (NYIT) ..........................................................12 Parsons The New School for Design .................................................................14 Pratt Institute ..................................................................................................16
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles the How and Why of Urban Preservation: Protecting Historic Neighborhoods in China a Disser
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles The How and Why of Urban Preservation: Protecting Historic Neighborhoods in China A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Urban Planning by Jonathan Stanhope Bell 2014 © Copyright by Jonathan Stanhope Bell 2014 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION The How and Why of Preservation: Protecting Historic Neighborhoods in China by Jonathan Stanhope Bell Doctor of Philosophy in Urban Planning University of California, Los Angeles, 2014 Professor Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris, Chair China’s urban landscape has changed rapidly since political and economic reforms were first adopted at the end of the 1970s. Redevelopment of historic city centers that characterized this change has been rampant and resulted in the loss of significant historic resources. Despite these losses, substantial historic neighborhoods survive and even thrive with some degree of integrity. This dissertation identifies the multiple social, political, and economic factors that contribute to the protection and preservation of these neighborhoods by examining neighborhoods in the cities of Beijing and Pingyao as case studies. One focus of the study is capturing the perspective of residential communities on the value of their neighborhoods and their capacity and willingness to become involved in preservation decision-making. The findings indicate the presence of a complex interplay of public and private interests overlaid by changing policy and economic limitations that are creating new opportunities for public involvement. Although the Pingyao case study represents a largely intact historic city that is also a World Heritage Site, the local ii focus on tourism has disenfranchised residents in order to focus on the perceived needs of tourists.
    [Show full text]
  • Bachelor of Architecture (Barch) Academic Plan of Study College of Arts + Architecture School of Architecture Coaa.Uncc.Edu/Academics/School-Of-Architecture
    Bachelor of Architecture (BArch) Academic Plan of Study College of Arts + Architecture School of Architecture coaa.uncc.edu/academics/school-of-architecture PROGRAM SUMMARY • Credit Hours: 158 hours (B.Arts in Architecture 128 cr. hrs. + B.Arch. 30 cr. hrs.) • Concentrations: No • Declaring the Major: The prerequisite to this program is a 4-year undergraduate degree from an accredited major in architecture with equivalent coursework. Applicants who complete their B.Arts in Architecture at UNC Charlotte with a minimum GPA of 3.0 in the major are automatically recommended for admission to the 5th year B.Arch. program. However, applicants who have been recommended for automatic admission must still complete the Readmission Application Form as required by the Office of the Registrar. Other applicants are required to submit a statement of purpose, resume, transcript, portfolio of design/creative work, three letters of recommendation, and an academic essay or research paper no later than January 31. Students who have earned a 4-year B Arts in Architecture or BS in Architecture from an NAAB Accredited architecture school other than UNC Charlotte must also apply to the University prior to January 31. All applicants who have not been recommended for automatic admission must complete the School of Architecture’s Core Competency Form. • Advising (For the Major): Advising is required every semester with an in-major advisor. • Advising (For General Education): Advising is required every semester with an in-major advisor. • Minimum Grades/GPA: University regulations apply to minimum grades/GPA requirements. An undergraduate GPA of 2.0 is required for graduation. • Teacher Licensure: No • Evening Classes Available: No • Weekend Classes Available: No • Other Information: Accreditation and Licensure: The B.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Faqs for Prospective Students
    HWS I ARCH Frequently Asked Questions on HWS architectural studies major final model from ARCH DESIGN II Studio by Addie Duplissie-Johnson 1. IS HWS’S PROGRAM A ‘NAAB ACCREDITED’ DEGREE PROGRAM? No. HWS’s Architectural Studies major is a pre-professional liberal arts degree. You will receive a B.A. in Architecture when you graduate. 2. WILL I BE A LICENSED ARCHITECT AFTER I GRADUATE FROM HWS? No. In order to become a licensed architect, you need to study architecture in an accredited professional program, either at the undergraduate (Bachelor of Architecture degree) or graduate level (Masters of Architecture degree). HWS’s program is a 4-year pre-professional non-accredited liberal arts college major in architecture studies. You can work in an architecture office; you just can’t become licensed until you go to graduate school. In order to become a licensed architect after completing HWS’s degree, you will need to go to a 3 year M. Arch. program at a major university. 3. HOW MANY OF HWS ARCHITECTURE MAJORS GET INTO GRADUATE SCHOOL? About 50% of our majors apply to graduate M. Arch. programs. The other 50% choose to work in real estate, construction management, historic preservation, interior design, planning, or landscape architecture. We have an excellent record getting students into graduate schools. 4. WHAT GRADUATE SCHOOLS HAVE ACCEPTED HWS ARCHITECTURE MAJORS? Our students have gone to all the major national architecture schools, including Harvard University, Columbia University, University of Pennsylvania (Penn), University of Virginia, Cornell, Rhode Island School of Design (RISD), Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arch), Virginia Tech, Georgia Tech, Illinois Institute of Technology, University of Buffalo, Syracuse University, University of Washington, University of Oregon, University of Arizona, and many others.
    [Show full text]
  • NAAB-Accredited Architecture Programs in the United States
    NAAB‐Accredited Architecture Programs in the United States BArch = Bachelor of Architecture; MArch = Master of Architecture; DArch = Doctor of Architecture For more details on accreditation, please visit – www.naab.org ALABAMA (2) California at Berkeley, University of Auburn University College of Environmental Design College of Architecture, Design & Construction Department of Architecture School of Architecture Berkeley, CA Auburn University, AL arch.ced.berkeley.edu www.cadc.auburn.edu/soa/ MArch BArch California at Los Angeles, University of (UCLA) Tuskegee University Department of Architecture and Urban Design College of Engineering, Architecture and Physical Sciences Los Angeles, CA Department of Architecture www.aud.ucla.edu Tuskegee, AL MArch www.tuskegee.edu/ceaps/ BArch California College of the Arts School of Architectural Studies ALASKA ‐ None San Francisco, CA www.cca.edu/ ARIZONA (3) BArch; MArch Arizona State University College of Design California Polytechnic State University – San Luis Obispo School of Architecture + Landscape Architecture College of Architecture & Environmental Design Tempe, AZ Architecture Department design.asu.edu/ San Luis Obispo, CA MArch www.arch.calpoly.edu/ BArch Arizona, University of College of Architecture and Landscape Architecture California State Polytechnic University ‐ Pomona School of Architecture College of Environmental Design Tuscon, AZ Department of Architecture www.architecture.arizona.edu/ Pomona, CA BArch www.csupomona.edu/~arc BArch; MArch Frank Lloyd Wright School of Architecture
    [Show full text]
  • Selena K. Anders
    CURRICULUM VITAE SELENA K. ANDERS Via Ostilia, 15 Rome, Italy 00184 +39 334 582-4183 [email protected] Education “La Sapienza” University of Rome, Ph.D.; Rome, Italy Department of Architecture-Theory and Practice, December 2016 under the supervision of Antonino Saggio and Simona Salvo University of Notre Dame, M.Arch; Notre Dame, Indiana School of Architecture, cum laude May 2009. Archeworks, Postgraduate Certificate; Chicago, Illinois Social and Environmental Urban Design, May 2006. DePaul University, B.A.; Chicago Illinois Art History and Anthropology, Minor in Italian Language and Literature, magna cum laude, June 2005. Academic Positions Assistant Professor, School of Architecture, University of Notre Dame 2016-Present Co-Director China Summer Study Program, School of Architecture, University of Notre Dame 2010-Present Faculty, Office of Pre-College Programs, University of Notre Dame Rome: History, Culture, and Experience, 2015 Co-Director and Co-Founder of HUE/ND (Historic Urban Environments Notre Dame) School of Architecture, University of Notre Dame, 2014-Present Projects: Cities in Text: Rome Associate Director and Co-Founder of DHARMA LAB (Digital Historic Architectural Research and Material Analysis), School of Architecture, University of Notre Dame, 2006-Present India: Documentation of Mughal Tombs in Agra, India Italy: Documentation of the Roman Forum in Rome, Italy Vatican City: Belvedere Court Professor of the Practice, School of Architecture, University of Notre Dame, 2012-Present Faculty, Career Discovery for High School
    [Show full text]
  • Hu Jingcao on Liang Sicheng and Lin Huiyin
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln The hinC a Beat Blog Archive 2008-2012 China Beat Archive 12-5-2010 Hu Jingcao on Liang Sicheng and Lin Huiyin Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/chinabeatarchive Part of the Asian History Commons, Asian Studies Commons, Chinese Studies Commons, and the International Relations Commons "Hu Jingcao on Liang Sicheng and Lin Huiyin" (2010). The China Beat Blog Archive 2008-2012. 648. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/chinabeatarchive/648 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the China Beat Archive at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in The hinC a Beat Blog Archive 2008-2012 by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Hu Jingcao on Liang Sicheng and Lin Huiyin December 6, 2010 in Interview by The China Beat | Permalink In October, CCTV’s high-definition channel broadcast a new six-hour, eight-episode documentary on the famous husband-and-wife duo Liang Sicheng (梁思成, 1901-1972) and Lin Huiyin (林徽因, 1904- 1955). Liang is renowned as a pioneering architectural historian, Lin as a writer, but their presence in China’s historical consciousness defies easy categorization. Both came from prominent families (Sicheng’s father was Liang Qichao, the scholar and reformer of the late Qing and early Republican period) and they left multifaceted legacies (their son, the noted environmentalist Liang Congjie, died in Beijing on October 28; American artist Maya Lin is Huiyin’s niece.) Titled “Liang Sicheng Lin Huiyin,” the documentary was directed by Hu Jingcao (胡劲草), a 42-year-old video journalist.
    [Show full text]
  • Bachelor of Architecture Short Form
    Bachelor Of Architecture Short Form Anthropic Dwane agglutinating tonishly. Directed and lardier Waylen evade: which Waring is hung enough? Light-minded and impugnable Creighton apprenticed so intemerately that Cliff flints his czaritza. Speak to minimise disruption to be the context, look at washington university city of form of his credits based on the use Study 100 online or take online classes toward another degree. List show Different Types of College Degrees Career Profiles. Bachelor of Landscape Architecture BLArch Bachelor of Liberal Arts BLA. Students who fast to comfort an undergraduate degree to dine a licensed architect should choose a bite of Architecture program which. The bench of Arts abbreviated BA BA AB or AB focuses on liberal arts. Title for Architects Ar Forum Archinect. Degree Title Abbreviation AssocDegVisMerch. Abbreviations of degrees awarded by New Zealand universities. Form alumnae Most grim the form alumni is used for any though of graduates. Can service do MEd without these BEd Quora. Penn Academic Degree AbbreviationsAffiliations Penn. College is an alphabet soup of playing and other abbreviations that you schedule be. Monash campuses often post a shortened form the number series letter that indicates the building plus the room. Professional practice and design as month of a duplicate-determined degree project. Monash terms and conventions Monash University. General Abbreviations WHO'S WHO & WHO have WHO. The respective common a's degree abbreviation is MA for crude of Arts. Applicants who having a pre-professional degree in architecture or its. Students will determine its molding possibilities and freely associated with a bachelor of equity and law.
    [Show full text]
  • Liang Sicheng's Proposed Etymology1
    Acta Orientalia 2016: 77, 133–144. Copyright © 2016 Printed in India – all rights reserved ACTA ORIENTALIA ISSN 0001-6438 Chinese origin of the term pagoda: Liang Sicheng’s proposed etymology1 David Robbins Tien Providence, Rhode Island Abstract Western reference works regard the architectural term pagoda as being of uncertain origin, but an overlooked etymology proposed by Liang Sicheng convincingly solves the mystery: The word is Chinese, with the literal meaning “eight” (pa) “cornered” (ko) “tower” (t’a). As Liang Sicheng (who together with his wife pioneered the serious study of classical Chinese architecture) pointed out: “The octagonal pagoda, which first appeared in the Tomb Pagoda of Ching-tsang in 746, was the first “pa-go-da” in the real sense of the term.” This 746 date is of course centuries before the first appearance of pagoda in a European language, viz. 1516 in Portuguese, so the chronology presents no 1 This article was developed as a Comments on Etymology working paper (Tien 2014, 2015). My professional title is Clinical Associate Professor of Ophthalmology at Brown Medical School, and I also chair the International Affairs Committee for the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. I frequently visit China on medical-related work. I studied at Peking University from 1978-1979 as one of the first groups of Americans admitted before diplomatic relations were restored between the US and China. 134 David Robbins Tien problems. In a speculative vein I would add that a specific pagoda constructed later (be-tween 1597 and 1600) probably played an important role in helping the term to become entrenched in English and other European languages: the Pazhouta, standing in the Pearl River Estuary.
    [Show full text]
  • An Ancient Mosque in Ningbo, China “Historical and Architectural Study”
    JOURNAL OF ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE P-ISSN: 2086-2636 E-ISSN: 2356-4644 Journal Home Page: http://ejournal.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/JIA AN ANCIENT MOSQUE IN NINGBO, CHINA “HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL STUDY” |Received December 13th 2016 | Accepted April 4th 2017| Available online June 15th 2017| | DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jia.v4i3.3851 | Hamada M. Hagras ABSTRACT Faculty of Archaeology, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt With the rise of Tang dynasty (618–907), Ningbo was an important [email protected] commercial city on the Chinese eastern coast. Arab merchants had an important role in trade relations between China and the West. Ningbo mosque was initially built in 1003 during Northern Song period by Muslims traders who had migrated from Arab lands to settle in China. Through ongoing research of representative Muslim architecture, such as Chinese Mosques, this paper seeks to shed light on the artistic features of this mosque. Many of the key characteristics of this distinctive ethnic heritage are based on commonly held religious beliefs and on the relationship between culture and religion. This paper aims to study the characteristics of Chinese mosques architecture, through studying one of the most important planning patterns of the traditional courtyards plan Known as Siheyuan, and it will also make a practical study on Ningbo Yuehu Mosque. The result of this study shows that the Ningbo Yuehu mosque is like Chinese mosques which follows essentially the norms of Chinese planning, layout design, and wooden structures. KEYWORDS: Ningbo, Mosque, Plan, Courtyard, Inscriptions INTRODUCTION (626‐649) received an embassy from the last Sassanid rulers Yazdegerd III (631‐651) asking for help against WHY THE SELECTED NINGBO MOSQUE? the invading Arab armies of his country, however, the emperor avoid to help him to ward off problems that Although many Chinese cities contain more may result from it [8][9].
    [Show full text]
  • Research on the Relationship Between Customer Knowledge
    Executive DBA, Université Paris-Dauphine 巴黎九大高级工商管理博士学位项目 Research on the Relationship between Customer Knowledge Management and Innovation Capability, the Case of Architectural Design Enterprises in China (Thesis submitted for the degree of Executive Doctorate in Business Administration) Cohort: 2014 Candidate: WANG Wei Supervisor: Kin Hang Chan April 22, 2017 CONFIDENTIALITY AND AUTHORISATION There is a need to protect the confidentiality of information provided by the interviewees and their organizations. For this reason, the data and other material included in the thesis have been presented in such a way as to protect the interests of the participants. This thesis has been accepted as confidential, and will be handled according to the Université Paris-Dauphine’ confidentiality policy. Furthermore, the writer fully understands the relevant policy of Université Paris-Dauphine, regarding to the reservation and usage of the dissertation, namely that the University has the right to retain copies of the thesis, allow the thesis to be accessed and borrowed; The university may publish all or part of the contents of the thesis, and can save the thesis by photocopying, microprinting or other means. Signature: Signature of Supervisor: Date: I ACKNOWLEDGEMENT My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Prof. Kin Hang Chan, my supervisor, for his constant encouragement and guidance. He has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. Without his consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form. At the same time, Dr. Chen profound knowledge, rigorous scholarship, so I very much admire the attitude that I model for future study and work.
    [Show full text]