DOCSLIB.ORG

An Accountable Blockchain Decentralized And

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
An Accountable Blockchain Decentralized And CoinCrowder: An accountable Blockchain Decentralized Application (DApp) with tamper-proof evidence of purchase and analyses 2021-03-06 Zuzsanna Dianovics & Nahid Ebrahimi Majd California State University San Marcos This document is made available through ScholarWorks, the shared institutional repository of the California State University System. Visit https://scholarworks.calstate.edu/ for more openly available scholarship from the CSU. Repository Citation Dianovics, Z. & Majd, N.E. (2021, March 3). CoinCrowder: An accountable blockchain decentralized application (DApp) with tamper-proof evidence of purchase and analyses [Conference session]. 2021 Computer Science Conference for CSU Undergraduates, Virtual. https://cscsu-conference.github.io/index.html CoinCrowder: An accountable Blockchain Decentralized Application (DApp) with tamper-proof evidence of purchase and analyses Zsuzsanna Dianovics, Nahid Ebrahimi Majd California State University San Marcos, United States Abstract This gap of trustworthiness and transparency exists in the structure of crowdfunding applications currently used Crowdfunding is the practice of funding a project or in the web. This missing functionality of checks against venture by raising small amounts of money from a large purchases and tamper-proofing the evidences of purchases number of people, typically via the Internet. One of the allows any product owner to spend the contributed funds main challenges in the current Crowdfunding platforms is as they wish with no accountability. accountability, whether the project owner spends the fund in an appropriate way to achieve the project objectives. One robust solution to fill this gap is utilizing The people who contribute to the project need a blockchain technology in the structure of the application. trustworthy platform that clearly elaborates how the raised money is spent. One great approach is to let these people The rest of this paper is organized as follows. Section 2 contribute to make decisions about spending the money. introduces the blockchain technology. Section 3 discusses The money could be spent only when a consensus is the related work. Section 4 elaborates the architecture of reached. Besides that, once a decision is made and a the DApp, which we named CoinCrowder. In Section 5 we financial transaction is confirmed, there should be no way analyze the computational complexity of implemented to change the decision or the transaction. In this project, DApp. Section 6 draws the conclusion and discusses the we used Ethereum blockchain to design such platform. future directions of this research project. Inherent to the structure, blockchain tamper-proofs all data and financial transactions. 2. Blockchain Technology We used a crowdfunding blockchain decentralized application (DApp) and tested it on Rinkeby Ethereum Blockchain consists of a sequence of blocks, each network. We analyzed the computational complexity of the chained to the last block via the previous block’s hash. The DApp’s Ethereum smart contracts based on the amount of blockchain is stored on a decentralized peer-to-peer gas required to deploy the contracts and process the network. Each major node in this network, named a full transactions on Ethereum. node, stores a copy of the blockchain and also serves the other full nodes and several clients. The main benefits of this technology are as follows: 1. Introduction 1. Tamper-proof: Once a block of transactions is mined and added to the blockchain, any In 2019, the global crowdfunding market was valued at manipulation of that data will be immediately 13.9 billion U.S. dollars and was forecast to triple by 2026. revealed by the nodes. Crowdfunding platforms are great ways for getting the 2. Decentralized data management: The blockchain public to help fund a private project. However, since there network is independent from any centralized is no guarantee that the project owner will use the funds authority. It is managed by a peer to peer network. honourably, there is a gap in the application. Once the fund All the peers can control and monitor the data. is collected, the project owners may use it as they wish, 3. Transparent data: The transactions are publicly even if it is not to fulfil the project’s requirements. There available on the blockchain. is no way for the contributors to monitor the way the 4. Anonymized data: Transactions on the blockchain project owners spend the fund or whether it is required and are made between accounts, and the accounts are useful for the purpose of project. The project owners may anonymized. Although the transactions on the provide some evidence, e.g. a payment receipt, however blockchain are publicly available, the owners of the structure of current crowdfunding platforms even those transactions are anonymized. One single client may that accept cryptocurrencies like Initial Coin Offering use thousands of different accounts for different (ICO) does not provide any embedded feature that proves transactions to better anonymize the accounts such evidences have not been tampered with. involved in their transactions. 3. Related work The application’s user interface contains several pages. The first page provides a list of fundraising campaigns. An Blockchain-based crowdfunding is an emerging authorized user can initiate a new campaign, access the economic phenomenon and a state-of-the-art strategy to details of an already existing campaign or contribute to a finance ventures. It has recently been investigated in campaign. When a user contributes to a campaign, several research projects. [1] proposed a blockchain-based MetaMask deploys and asks the user to confirm that the crowdfunding platform to raise funds for cyber-insurance, given amount of Ethers is to be paid from the user’s insurance for cyber products. [2] compared and contrasted Ethereum Wallet. Once the user confirms, the application the success factors of blockchain-based vs conventional uses the coded Web3 API to upload the confirmed crowdfunding. A good understanding of these success transaction to the Ethereum blockchain. Since blockchain factors is crucial for companies to design their blockchain­ is transparent, anyone can observe that the transaction was based fundraising initiatives properly and facilitate added to the blockchain. However, due to anonymity, only potential investors to seek main signals and drivers of an authorized user, who is knowledgeable about the outstanding projects. For instance, some of the unique accounts affiliated with their project, can figure out that success factors of blockchain-based crowdfunding this transaction was made by a contributing account. An platforms referring to [3,4] are (1) accepting an account is a unique big number in HEX notation, created international currency like Bitcoin and Ether; (2) Open­ and managed by the user’s Wallet in MetaMask. source code; (3) social networks combined with the blockchain. In a different research study, [5] used social Another feature of this application is the people who media analytics, analysis of public discussions on social contribute to a campaign are confident that the contributed media, to track the evolution of knowledge about new funds are only spent with the consent of the majority of the technologies in finance among people. Their results contributors, known as Approvers. To be eligible to be an illustrated that during May 2017 to October 2018 when Approver, an individual must contribute at least a they studied the financial social interactions, the minimum value as set by the campaign Manager. When the discussions were dominated by blockchain technology, Manager needs to spend some amount of the collected cryptocurrency and Initial Coin Offering (ICO). funds, they will make a request containing the amount of required funds, the Seller’s account as a contingency of the Our main contribution in this paper is to examine a request, and the purpose of spending the funds. The trustworthy blockchain-based crowdfunding platform and Manager needs to receive a majority (at least 50%) consent analyse the computational complexity of deploying the to proceed in spending the requested funds. Once the designed smart contacts and uploading the transactions to Manager receives a majority of the Approvers’ consent, the Ethereum blockchain in terms of required gas. they may, at their leisure, make the purchase and send the funds to the designated Seller. Again, MetaMask deploys 4. The Architecture of CoinCrowder and asks the user to confirm that the given amount of Ethers is paid from the user’s Ethereum Wallet. The assumption is the payees accept Ethers for payments. Once We used a blockchain-based crowdfunding DApp [6], the user confirms, the application uses the coded Web3 consisting of the following items. API to upload the confirmed transaction to the blockchain. (1) A web-based GUI implemented in Next.js: the This method of spending contributed funds allows the campaign owners and contributors can visually contributors to participate in making decisions as to how interact with the program via the GUI. those funds are spent and to whom those funds are paid. (2) Smart contracts implemented in Solidity: the web­ Although the account numbers of the Manager, Approvers based GUI can interact with the blockchain, deploy and Sellers are visible publicly, anonymity is maintained smart contracts and upload transactions to the since the identity behind the accounts remains private. The blockchain via Web3 API. DApp implements the described mechanism of (3) Ethereum:
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Economics of Crowdfunding : Entrepreneurs’ and Platforms’ Strategies Jordana Viotto Da Cruz
    The Economics of Crowdfunding : Entrepreneurs’ and Platforms’ Strategies Jordana Viotto da Cruz To cite this version: Jordana Viotto da Cruz. The Economics of Crowdfunding : Entrepreneurs’ and Platforms’ Strategies. Sociology. Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. English. NNT : 2017USPCD030. tel-01899518 HAL Id: tel-01899518 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01899518 Submitted on 19 Oct 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. |_|_|_|_|_|_|_|_|_|_| UNIVERSITE PARIS 13 U.F.R. DE SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ÉCOLE DOCTORALE : ERASME NO 493 THÈSE Pour obtention du grade de Docteur de l’Université Paris 13 Discipline : Sciences Économiques Présentée et soutenue publiquement par Jordana VIOTTO DA CRUZ Le 13 novembre 2017 « The Economics of Crowdfunding: Entrepreneurs’ and Platforms’ Strategies » Directeurs de thèse Marc BOURREAU, Télécom ParisTech François MOREAU, Université Paris 13 Jury Thierry PÉNARD, Professeur, Université Rennes 1 Président Paul BELLEFLAMME, Professeur, Aix-Marseille Université Rapporteur Jörg CLAUSSEN, Professeur, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Rapporteur Françoise BENHAMOU, Professeur, Université Paris 13 Examinateur Marc BOURREAU, Professeur, Télécom ParisTech Directeur de thèse François MOREAU, Professeur, Université Paris 13 Directeur de thèse UNIVERSITÉ PARIS 13 U.F.R.
    [Show full text]
  • Crowdfunding, Crowdsourcing and Digital Fundraising
    Fundraising for Archives Crowdsourcing, Crowdfunding and Online Fundraising Crowdfunding, Crowdsourcing & Digital Fundraising Aim of Today This session will help to demystify the landscape surrounding crowdsourcing, crowdfunding, and online fundraising providing you with information and tools essential when considering these different platforms. Plan for today • Understand the digital fundraising techniques • Evaluate what components are required for an online campaign to be successful • What does a good online case for support look like • Reflect on examples of good practice • Build a crowdfunder plan 4 5 Apples…….oranges……or pears? Digital isn’t complicated – change is! 7 DO YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TOOLS FOR THE JOB TO NAVIGATE THE MAZE 8 Your Crowd… • Internal Stakeholders • External Stakeholders Databases: Which one do you choose? Microsoft Dynamics 10 Who’s Online ONS 2015 ONLINE DONATION METHOD Blackbaud 2014 12 DO YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TOOLS FOR THE JOB TO NAVIGATE THE MAZE • Email • Website / online platform • Social Media • CRM System / Database • Any others…… You need to be able to engage with your online audience on multiple platforms! 13 Email "Correo." by Itzel402 - Own work. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - 14 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Correo..jpg#/media/File:Correo..jpg http://uk.pcmag.com/e-mail-products/3708/guide/the-best-email-marketing-services-of-2015 15 Social Media 16 Social Media Channel Quick Guide •Facebook - Needs little explanation. Growing a little older in terms of demographics. Visual and video content working well. Tends to get higher engagement than Twitter. •Twitter - The other main channel. Especially useful for networking and news distribution.
    [Show full text]
  • Innovative Financing of Creative Projects on the Kickstarter Platform: Ukrainian and Polish Experience
    E3S Web of Conferences 166, 13019 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016613019 ICSF 2020 Innovative financing of creative projects on the Kickstarter platform: Ukrainian and Polish experience Iuliia Gernego1,*, Liudmyla Petrenko2, Mykhailo Dyba1, and Vitalii Tsarov2 1Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Corporate Finance and Controlling Department, 54/1 Peremohy Ave., Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine 2Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Business Economics and Entrepreneurship Department, 54/1 Peremohy Ave., Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine Abstract. In the era of digital economy, the crowdfunding platforms provide the background to mitigate cross-country differences within project financing. In particular, creative projects are important as a vital driver in maintaining business and social sector competitive. Thereby, research problem lays upon the potential of providing crowdfunding support to overcome the creative project divide in different countries. The paper aims to provide scientific support on creative projects innovative financing in Ukraine and Poland within Kickstarter. The research methodology is based on Kickstarter data (10 years; 83 industries and 898 projects) processed by statistical analysis. The Concentration Ratio (CR) was modified to measure the concentration of efforts, considering the largest creative industries within Kickstarter platform. The results section represents high rates of concentration of efforts for Ukrainian creative projects that commercialize tangible physical goods: Product Design and Gadgets. At the same time, in Poland the main concentration of efforts is in the field of intangible intellectual products: Tabletop Games and Video Games. Thus, digital platform is a reflection of interrelations between intangible and tangible values in economies. The study results can be used within national programs of creative innovative projects financial support.
    [Show full text]
  • Ten Things You Need to Know Before Engaging in Accredited Crowdfunding
    BOSTON CONNECTICUT NEW JERSEY NEW YORK WASHINGTON, DC www.daypitney.com Ten Things You Need to Know Before Engaging in Accredited Crowdfunding By Eliza Sporn Fromberg and Norbert Mehl It has been over a year since the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) permitted securities issuers to market their capital raises using general solicitation and general advertising while still qualifying for an exemption from public registration. During this time, hundreds of online crowdfunding platforms have launched – seemingly overnight – offering investment opportunities in private companies. For a company seeking to raise capital, these “accredited crowdfunding”1 platforms offer the tantalizing possibility of raising funds with the click of a button. As this new industry grows and develops, it’s conceivable certain accredited crowdfunding platforms may become as ubiquitous as traditional broker-dealers. But in this nascent industry, how should a company seeking to raise capital for a new or existing venture go about selecting the most suitable crowdfunding solution? The following are 10 things you should know before engaging in accredited crowdfunding. 1. Who is eligible to raise funds through accredited crowdfunding? In the United States, securities offerings made pursuant to Rule 506 of Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933 are not deemed “public” offerings under the securities laws and are therefore exempt from public registration with the SEC. With one exception, any company can make this type of “private” offering of its securities – and raise an unlimited amount of money from accredited investors – using general solicitation and general advertising, either on its own or using an intermediary such as an accredited crowdfunding platform.
    [Show full text]
  • Equity Crowdfunding & Peer-To-Peer Lending
    LEGALINK I EQUITY CROWDFUNDING AND PEER TO PEER LENDING EQUITY CROWDFUNDING & PEER-TO-PEER LENDING 2019 1ST EDITION 1 LEGALINK I EQUITY CROWDFUNDING AND PEER TO PEER LENDING INTRODUCTION Crowdfunding has already an established and proven recognition worldwide as a powerful alternative financing tool. Three main points should be signaled in this respect. On the one hand, the volume of the crowdfunding market keeps increasing sharply at global level. On the other hand, the crowdfunding market is very dynamic as new crowdfunding platforms have recently started to operate. Finally, the projects to be financed through crowdfunding platforms are more and more diverse. In this context, at a time when crowdfunding regulation is subject to discussion around the globe (namely in the context of the Proposal for a EU Crowdfunding Regulation), is seems important to assess the legal responses from various relevant jurisdictions, in respect to Equity Crowdfunding and Peer to Peer Lending. Such is the purpose of this publication. This book is dedicated to the memory of Georg Van Daal, Former Deputy Head of Legalink FinTech Forum. Georg was a brilliant lawyer and a partner at Ekelmans & Meijer from 2014 to 2018. He was key to the structuring and to the development of this project but unfortunately could not live to see its final form. He is dearly missed. October 2019 Paulo Câmara Managing Partner of Sérvulo & Associados Leader of the Legalink FinTech Forum 2 LEGALINK I EQUITY CROWDFUNDING AND PEER TO PEER LENDING INDEX ARGENTINA ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................04
    [Show full text]
  • Crowdfunding Policy and Procedures
    Texas Wesleyan University Crowdfunding Policy and Procedures Purpose: To regulate how Texas Wesleyan University students, faculty, staff and organizations solicit donations for University programs and activities from the general public using crowdfunding. Definitions Crowdfunding An online fundraising strategy that programs, clubs, groups and individuals employ to I. tell the story of causes, projects and initiatives, II. share that story with their communities, and III. solicit gifts and other forms of support. Crowdfunding Appeal A fundraising effort launched on the approved platform that is designed to raise a specified sum of money within a defined timeframe for a specific project or program. Applicant(s) Individual(s) affiliated with the University who is responsible for preparing and submitting an application for approval to the Office of Advancement to launch a crowdfunding appeal on the approved platform. Approved Platform Within the last decade, crowdfunding has become a popular method of fundraising to help secure small amounts of gifts from large groups of people using the Internet and social media. Several programs, clubs, and organizations affiliated with Texas Wesleyan University have begun using different crowdfunding platforms, such as GoFundMe and Kickstarter, to promote and raise funds for various initiatives. The dollars raised through these crowdfunding platforms are not received by the University, or counted as part of its annual fundraising totals. Therefore, donors do not receive an official acknowledgement letter and/or a tax deductible donation receipt from the University. To streamline all crowdfunding appeals, and ensure that all donations to university initiatives and programs are received, acknowledged and properly receipted, the University has adopted an approved platform called everydayhero.
    [Show full text]
  • Crowdfunding and Economic Growth
    Crowdfunding and Economic Growth: Potential Effects on Investment Efficiency Johan Holmberg Student Spring term 2016 Bachelor’s Thesis, 15 ECTS Civilekonomprogrammet Acknowledgements: Firstly, I want to thank my supervisor Kenneth Backlund for his support and guidance, two key components for the realisation of this thesis. I would also like to thank the helpful people at the institution who have helped in the process in various ways. Finally, would I like to summarise the experience of writing this thesis with a quote: “I do remember one thing. It took hours and hours, but by the time I was done with it, I was so involved, I didn’t know what to think” – Adrian Belew i Abstract: Crowdfunding is an alternative form of finance that have emerged with the widespread adoption of the internet. With the increasing utilization of crowdfunding, this thesis sets out to theoretically investigate whether crowdfunding could affect economic growth. If the choice of investment allocation mechanism could have any effect on the efficiency of investments made in the economy. The results show that crowdfunding could have a potential effect on the leakage of investments in the economy. The relative accuracy of the screening process and the transaction costs coupled with the method used for conducting the investments could affect the socially optimal proportion of investments conducted using crowdfunding. ii Table of content: 1 Introduction: .................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background: .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Factors of economic growth: Stating the importance of capital and innovation .......................... 2 1.3 Innovation: The discrepancy between holders of ideas and capital .............................................. 3 1.4 Leakage of investments: ...............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Crowdfunding:Platform Capitalism, Labour, and Globalization
    CHAPTER 4 Participatory Cultural Platforms and Labour Jacob Matthews and Vincent Rouzé Our relationship to work, culture and knowledge seems to have been signifi- cantly altered by the rise of digital communications technologies. The neolo- gism ‘Uberization’, derived from the web platform Uber, has become an apt term for the movement toward a so-called ‘collaborative’ economy in which salaried jobs no longer exist. At the same time, many of today’s platforms encourage the valuing of individual ‘creativity’, something that reshapes the definition of the artist and creative work. In this chapter we examine the impact of these platforms on our relationship to labour, its reorganization and the shift toward a project-based model of work (Jaillet-Roman 2002). It seems to us that these platforms and the apparatuses they deploy raise broader issues about ‘creativity’ and the collaborative econ- omy, as well as the type of labour involved both inside and on the platforms. As Fuchs (2014), Scholz (2012), Cardon and Cassilli (2015), and Simonet (2015) have shown, the activities conducted on digital platforms belong to the category of digital labour, and as such are subject to new forms of labour organization and exploitation (Dujarier 2014), including forms of ‘free’ labour (Terranova 2000) that may constitute a ‘cybertariat’ (Huws 2003 and 2014). In addressing the platforms from this perspective, we hope to enrich the existing literature, How to cite this book chapter: Matthews, J. and Rouzé, V. 2019. Participatory Cultural Platforms and Labour. In: Rouzé, V. (ed.) Cultural Crowdfunding: Platform Capitalism, Labour and Globalization . Pp. 59–78. London: University of Westminster Press.
    [Show full text]
  • Information and the Potential for Disruption in Consumer Lending
    NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES PEER-TO-PEER CROWDFUNDING: INFORMATION AND THE POTENTIAL FOR DISRUPTION IN CONSUMER LENDING Adair Morse Working Paper 20899 http://www.nber.org/papers/w20899 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 January 2015 I thank David Scharfstein and Francesco D’Acunto for very helpful comments. The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer- reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2015 by Adair Morse. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Peer-to-Peer Crowdfunding: Information and the Potential for Disruption in Consumer Lending Adair Morse NBER Working Paper No. 20899 January 2015 JEL No. G24 ABSTRACT Can peer-to-peer lending (P2P) crowdfunding disintermediate and mitigate information frictions in lending such that choices and outcomes for at least some borrowers and investors are improved? I offer a framing of issues and survey the nascent literature on P2P. On the investor side, P2P disintermediates an asset class of consumer loans, and investors seem to capture some rents associated with the removal of the cost of that financial intermediation. Risk and portfolio choice questions linger prior to any inference. On the borrower side, evidence suggests that proximate knowledge (direct or inferred) unearths soft information, and by implication, P2P should be able to offer pricing and/or access benefits to potential borrowers.
    [Show full text]
  • Decentralized Crowdfunding Platform Using Ethereum Blockchain Technology Siddhesh Jadye1, Swarup Chattopadhyay2, Yash Khodankar3, Dr
    International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 08 Issue: 04 | Apr 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Decentralized Crowdfunding Platform Using Ethereum Blockchain Technology Siddhesh Jadye1, Swarup Chattopadhyay2, Yash Khodankar3, Dr. Nita Patil4 1-3Student, Computer Department, Datta Meghe College of Engineering, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 4Faculty, Dept. of Computer Engineering, Datta Meghe College of Engineering, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - In today's world, blockchain-based systems are in very limiting your choices to a number of key players. you'll demand across various industries, because of its secure, think about this fundraising approach as a funnel, with you trusted, and decentralised network as well as for being more and your pitch at the wide finish and your audience of efficient than the traditional methods. investors at the closed finish. Fail to purpose that funnel at the proper capitalist or firm at the proper time, and that’s it However, the traditional ways these days are facing a lot of slow and cash lost. issues and challenges because of the complex and less secure network. Blockchain network integration overcomes the Crowdfunding platforms, on the opposite hand, flip that problems faced by traditional methods across industries. The funnel on-end. By supplying you with, the bourgeois, one Blockchain integrated network provides benefits such as platform to create, showcase, and share your pitch increased security, increased transparency, increased resources, this approach dramatically streamlines the efficiency and decreased chances of fraud. Although the normal model. historically, you’d pay months separation blockchain-based systems provide various benefits, due to lack through your personal network, vetting potential investors, of knowledge about this technology, the implementation rate and defray your own time and cash to induce before them.
    [Show full text]
  • Establishing Your Crowdfunding Policy Toolkit
    Establishing Your Crowdfunding Policy K–12 Crowdfunding Best Practices 1 Dear AASA members, Since last year, AASA and DonorsChoose.org have been working together to support school districts looking to leverage crowdfunding to support district priorities. After launching the Crowdfunding Best Practices Toolkit for district leaders, we heard that many school districts are creating crowdfunding policies for the first time. This new toolkit is designed to help public school districts put in place a smart crowdfunding policy that protects students, teachers and your school districts — all while celebrating classroom innovation. Thank you for reading on! Charles Best Daniel A. Domenech Founder & CEO Executive Director DonorsChoose.org The School Superintendents Association View Toolkit Part 1 2 6 Steps to Implement Your Crowdfunding Policy Crowdfunding is an easy way for your teachers to gain new resources that help them innovate in 6their classrooms. When districts guide teachers to safe sites like DonorsChoose.org, resources gained through these platforms can dramatically impact student learning, while ensuring district accountability needs are met. This toolkit outlines six steps district superintendents, CTOs, CFOs, and other leaders take in harnessing crowdfunding: 1. Adopt a Clear Policy 2. Communicate Policy & Engage Principals 3. Train Teachers 4. Engage District Stakeholders 5. Input Your Technology Guidelines 6. Celebrate Teacher Successes 3 Action 1: Adopt a Clear Policy 1Your crowdfunding policy should clearly outline which crowdfunding
    [Show full text]
  • TEMPO-Crowdfunding-R
    Grant Agreement: 768936 CROWDFUNDING AS A NOVEL FINANCIAL TOOL FOR DISTRICT HEATING PROJECTS This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 768936. x TEMPO Project D6.4 – Crowdfunding as a novel financial tool for district heating projects PROJECT DOCUMENTATION SHEET Project Acronym TEMPO Temperature Optimisation for Low Temperature Project Full Title District Heating across Europe Grant Agreement 768936 Call Identifier H2020-EE-2017-RIA-IA EE-04-2016-2017 – New heating and cooling Topic solutions using low grade sources of thermal energy Type of action IA Innovation Action Project Duration 48 months (October 2017 - September 2021) Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek Coordinator NV (BE) – VITO Nodais AB (SE) – NODA Austrain Institute of technology (AT) – AIT Thermaflex international holding (NL) - THF Steinbeis innovation (DE) - Solites Consortium Smet groundwater technics (BE) - SMET partners Vattenfall Europe (DE) - Vattenfall Enerpipe (DE) – Enerpipe A2A Calore & servizi (IT) - A2A Hogskolan i Halmstad (SE) – HU Euroheat & Power (BE) – EHP Website www.tempo-dhc.eu The sole responsibility for the content of this document lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion Disclaimer of the funding authorities. The funding authorities are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained herein. 1 TEMPO Project D6.4 – Crowdfunding as a novel financial tool for district heating projects DELIVERABLE DOCUMENTATION
    [Show full text]