UNITED NATIONS

HUMANITARIAN UPDATE vol. 28 10 July – 16 July 2008

Office of the United Nations Humanitarian Coordinator in

HIGHLIGHTS • KRCS reported that 98,289 IDPs remain in 89 IDP camps as of 8 July; the Government reports that 221,231 IDPs have returned from IDP camps and from communities since the start of the returns operation. • FEWS NET projects that approximately 1.2 million people in Kenya will require immediate food assistance lasting for the next three to six months.

The information contained in this report has been compiled by OCHA from information received from the field, from national and international humanitarian partners and from other official sources. It does not represent a position from the United Nations. This report is posted on: http://ochaonline.un.org/kenya

I. General Overview

After Amos Kimunya stepped aside as Finance Minister due to allegations of his involvement in the alleged corrupt sale of a public asset, the Grand Regency Hotel, the President appointed Environment Minister, as acting Finance Minister. Michuki had served as chairman of the state-funded Kenya Commercial Bank, which is also under investigation related to the sale of the Hotel.

The Waki Commission, on the post-election violence (PEV) heard testimony from the Security sector and advocates during public hearings. The Independent Medico Legal Unit testified that 43% of the victims of the PEV had died of bullet wounds, suggesting concern over the force used by police and the military. The Police Commissioner Major-General Husein Ali denied allegations that the police perpetrated violent acts during the PEV, and the Chief of the General Staff denied allegations that the military used excessive force. Meanwhile, amid allegations that there have been extra-judicial detentions of youth associated with the PEV, the Prison Commandant reported that 300 suspects remain in prison and all are awaiting prosecution. (For the full report from the Independent Medico-Legal Unit see: http://www.imlu.org)

Meanwhile, the results of an exit poll, financed by the International Republic Institute, released on 8 July reported that ODM candidate Riala Odinga received 46.07% of the vote in the Presidential Election and PNU candidate Moi Kibaki received 40.18%. Official results gave Kibaki 46.42% and Odinga 44.07%. The researchers noted that the results cannot prove that the elections were fraudulent; however, they said that the results highlighted discrepancies which suggest that there may have been an addition or subtraction of votes during the vote tallying process. (For IRI’s full Election Observation Report Source: KRCS, June 2007. Man displaced in the Mount Elgon region, following the conflict involving the SLDF, Government see: www.iri.org) and community. For more information on the current situation in Mount Elgon, see page 3.

Media reported that the World Bank outlined several steps to help achieve higher economic growth in Kenya. Specifically, it was reported that Kenya’s leadership needs to reduce political risks, eradicate poverty, reduce inequality, increase access to credit and mobilize resources if the country is to achieve middle-income status, which is the objective of the Government Vision 2030. The Economic Secretary at the Ministry of Finance reportedly echoed these recommendations and noted that the rates of investment and savings need to be increased from their current 15% to 32% to achieve the targeted growth. II. Humanitarian Situation Food Security FEWS NET reported that below-average agriculture production is expected during July and August, due to a 25% reduction in area cultivated as a result of the PEV and high input prices. Maize is the main crop cultivated in Kenya, which is planted in April/May and contributes to 80% of the food production. The Climate Predication and Applications Centre is projecting that rains will be near-normal to below-normal between June-August in the breadbasket areas. Pastoral conditions remain a serious concern for food security in north-western Kenya. According to FEWS NET, below normal rainfall between March-May has degraded animal health, prompted earlier than normal migrations, and reduced livestock prices and pastoralists’ incomes. The continued presence of Pestes des Petit Ruminants (PPR) in 16 pastoralist districts continues to disrupt livestock trade and pastoral incomes. The disease was first detected in 2006 and has infected over 1.5 million sheep and FEWSNET, East Africa Regional Food Security goat. It is estimated by the Ministry of Livestock and Update, June 2008. Fisheries Development that over 4.7 million kgs of meat and over 8.2 million litres of milk are lost annually due to the disease.

Kenya continues to be affected by increased food prices. FEWS NET notes that in , the price of white maize increased by 10% in the last month. In Kisumu, prices have increased even more sharply, at 33% over the last month.

FEWS NET projected that approximately 1.2 million people in Kenya will require immediate humanitarian assistance lasting for the next three to six months. WFP reports that they have received USD 402 million in funding and are in the process of purchasing maize from South Africa to help alleviate current pipeline shortages; the shipment is expected to arrive in mid-August. Meanwhile, the Government of Kenya has released 3,500 bags of maize; 900 bags of beans; and 200 cartons of vegetable oil in July for food assistance. The Government also released 1,152 MTs of maize to the Kenya Red Cross Society (KRCS) for distribution to drought-affected populations in Baringo Central, Baringo North and East Pokot Districts. (For the complete FEWSNET report see: http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWFiles2008.nsf/FilesByRWDocUnidFilename/SKAI-7GFQ6K full_report.pdf/$File/full_report.pdf) Health Acute watery diarrhoea (AWD) was reported on 24 June in Gilgil division, Naivasha district. By 27 June there were 36 admitted cases in the Government hospital, the majority of whom were children. The Nakuru Government hospital reportedly has adequate antibiotics and rehydration supplies; however, the hospital faces constraints due to water shortages in the town. Two deaths

2 have been reported at homes. The source of the outbreak is believed to be the Kasambara and Mbaruk Rivers, which are used for cleaning, watering farm animals and drinking. The situation is reportedly stabilizing and there have been no new cases since 27 June. Meanwhile, IRIN reported that Kenya's Ministry of Health is finalising policy documents designed to ensure that 90 percent of households have access to, and make use of, hygienic, affordable, functional and sustainable toilet and hand-washing facilities, given that poor hygiene can spread bacteria that cause AWD.

Mount Elgon Peace-net reported that the third phase of the registration of IDPs in Mt Elgon district is underway, and KRCS noted that so far 5,000 displaced persons have been recorded by the Government. However, Peace-net noted that registration processes had had sparked violet conflict between the Sabaot Land Defence Force (SLDF) militia, the Government and residents in the past as communities disagreed over who could lay claim to the land. According to Peace-net, residents fear that if the registration process is not conducted carefully, violence could again erupt in the region. Meanwhile the new SLDF leader has announced that he will stage new attacks against police stations to defend the land of the community members, noting that the militia name had changed to the Sabaot Peoples Patriotic Army (SPPA) which claims to defend rightful ownership of the land.

Peace-net reported that the Maendeleo Ya Wanawake (MYWO) organization held three peace- building meetings in Kaptama Division, Mount Elgon between 9-11 July in an effort to mitigate conflict related to the registration process. The meetings targeted women leaders in Kaboiywo, Kaptama, Chemogen and Kongit locations in Kaptama Division.

According to the KRCS, unusual peace has returned to some areas. Five sites for returning IDPs have been established in Kipsigon, Kubura, Kikai, Chepkube and Bible Translation College in Kopsiro, Mt Elgon District to host hundreds of people returning to the area since the end of three years of clashes, which had displaced over 45,000 people. Peace-Net reported there are 200 displaced households staying at the Kapirow primary school in Kopsiro Division, and more IDPs at the Kebee and Kubura areas within the division in Mount Elgon district. They reportedly have few resources and require food assistance, shelter and other basic service in addition to assistance for reconstructing houses.

Meanwhile authorities began discouraging people from remaining in the mountain community of Kheborweni. There have been media and other reports that the shelters of families living in Kheborweni were burned between 11-14 July in order to force their relocation. One agency reported that 2,210 families were displaced to Chibowwenyi, Torbo and Stend, Mount Elgon District.

Security UN Department of Safety and Security (UNDSS) reported that hate leaflets were circulated in Kericho district, warning some returnees against returning to work in tea factories. Meanwhile, government officials touring Molo district received reports that areas remained tense and that new cases of cattle rusting had emerged between communities.

Two missionaries from Canada and America were attacked in Kitale town on 9 July; both suffered severe injuries and investigations into the crime are ongoing. They were reportedly assisting IDPs, specifically widows and orphans.

Population Movements and Displacement Trends

The KRCS reported that there were 59,666 IDPs in 89 IDP camps as of 8 July. Various assessments, including interagency assessments and reports by the WASH cluster have recorded a total of 98,223 IDPs in 132 transit sites. (A map of many of the transit sites can be found online at: http://ochaonline.un.org/kenya/). The Government reported that approximately 221,231 IDPs

3 had returned to pre-displacement areas since the beginning of the returns operation as of 20 July; however, the Government figures noted that there were only 21,797 IDPs remaining in IDP camps.

Source: KRCS 8 July

Differences between the Government and KRCS figures on IDP numbers raise concern whether there are gaps in the registries identifying IDPs.

Meanwhile, the Ministry of State for Special Programmes signed an agreement with the Cooperative Bank of Kenya on 3 July, which will allow registered IDPs countrywide to access the government provided “resettlement fund” of Kshs.10,000 (USD 166) per family, which is intended to help IDPs restart their households.

South Rift Valley

IDP Camps IDP Camp Population District Number of Population in 31 23,735 Transit Sites Transit Sites Molo 54 37,971 Source, Kenya Red Cross, 8 July Narok South 9 2,000 Total 63 39,971

Nakuru District Source, Inter-agency assessment 10-11 June.

The Government is focused on completing the return of IDPs from Nakuru district. The willingness of IDPs to return has increased with the Government’s agreement to pay IDPs the “resettlement fund” on departure, rather than in areas of return. However, some IDPs maintain that they cannot return to pre-displacement areas due to insecurity. Other IDPs claim that 10,000Ksh is not sufficient to enable them to re-start their lives. Some IDPs have noted that registration processes may not have captured all households; consequently a re-registration and family profiling exercised has been done in the ASK Showground and Afraha IDP camps to ensure an accurate list of IDPs is recorded. The humanitarian community has also advocated that the authorities avoid conducting returns late in the day so returnees do not arrive in their destinations at night, and have encouraged inter-district communications so that the District Commissioners in receiving districts are aware of the movement.

Naivasha District

Since the closure of Kedong IDP camp, approximately 100 IDPs remained outside the camp, waiting for payment of the “resettlement funds”. The Government has now agreed to submit the names of the remaining IDPs for payment, and the KRCS continued to provide water to the remaining populations.

Molo District Representatives of the Ministry of State for Special Programmes met with IDPs in Molo on 9 July to inform them that the returns process would begin shortly.

4 Meanwhile, approximately 300 families were returned to Molo district on 16 June from Nakuru North and were lacking shelter with which to return to their pre-displacement homes. There are an additional 37,971 IDPs in 54 transit sites in the district.

North Rift Valley

IDP Camps IDP Camp Population District Number of Population Change 34 26,400 Transit in Transit since 30 Source, Kenya Red Cross, 8 July Sites Sites as of June 14 July Uasin Gishu* 34 20,810 No change Trans Nzoia 9 16,033 No change The DCs in Uasin Gishu and Lugari West districts have been working closely with the Trans Nzoia 1 306 No change humanitarian community to ensure that East IDPs are able to make informed decisions Koibatek 7 5,313 Increased by about return to their pre-displacement one site and 114 IDPs areas. During the reporting period, there Kwanza 13 10,151 No Change has been a significant decrease in Nandi North 1 430 No change populations in the IDP camps, primarily due Mount Elgon 1 1242 No change to the closure of the Turbo IDP camp and Marakwet 3 3,967 No change Bishop Muge IDP camp; however, the West number of IDPs in transit sites has Total 69 58,252 increased to approximately 58,252 IDPs. The KRCS reported that 102,644 have Source: WASH Cluster, 14 July. For a map of transit sites, see: returned from camps in the region, while http://ochaonline.un.org/kenya/ 3,787 IDPs remain in the Eldoret ASK Showground IDP Camp.

Populations at transit sites remain in need of significant humanitarian support, including shelter, food assistance, NFIs, health services, water and sanitation, and peace building and reconciliation efforts with communities in areas of return.

II. Humanitarian Response CCCM Emergency Humanitarian Response Plan Funding as of 16 June The KRCS and IOM are proceeding with data entry of the estimated 19,000 IDP registration forms completed in camps Original Requirements: 41,938,954 in North and South Rift Valley and Kisumu/Nyanza between Revised Requirements: 191,929,303 February and June. Once entered, an analysis of the Funding: 63,327,377 / 33.00% registration data will provide a basic profile of the IDP population. Due to the fluidity of population movements and Unmet Requirements: 128,601,926 requests by the Ministry of State for Special Programs to cease IDP registration until the registration form was revised, only approximately 50 percent of IDP Camp residents were registered. Subsequent to this, and with significant technical assistance to the Government-appointed registration committee, a new registration form was finalized and the Ministry of State for Special Programs launched a government led effort to register all IDPs residing in camps and transit sites. Registration is expected to be finalized end of July. UNHCR will continue to provide technical and database support for the Government led registration.

Due to the decreasing numbers of IDPs in IDP camps in the North Rift, it has been agreed within the CCCM cluster to shift the focus to the transitional sites where there are significant numbers of IDPs.

Distribution of tents to IDPs at the Mumias Police Station Camp is being organized by the camp committee, prioritizing vulnerable families. It is expected that the camp will close by 14 July after Government “resettlement funds” and NFI are distributed.

5 The Danish Refugee Council is collecting data in 40 farm areas in Kuresoi, Keringet and Kamara Divisions, for a Returnee Database; more than 6,000 households have been registered and are now being verified.

Food Assistance Who Place/Date What Beneficiaries

WFP IDPs in camps and 1 months’ ration 213,000 Based on the Short Rains returnees/IDPs Assessment and the residing in transit continued needs in the wake sites. of the PEV, 13,200MTs of Month of June food are distributed monthly. WFP/FAO/ PEV-affected areas Seed vouchers 7,500 households MOA

The long rains assessment started on 14 July in arid and semi-arid land (ASAL) areas and areas affected by the PEV. Results of the assessment will help determine future food aid requirements.

WFP has disbursed the first tranche of funding for the joint FAO/WFP/Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) seed voucher scheme targeting 7,500 households, and potato seeds have been distributed to beneficiaries through the scheme.

WFP officially handed over food stocks at the field level to KRCS based on a recent agreement under which KRCS will be responsible for the handling, storage and delivery of food to distribution points as well as the distribution of food assistance provided by WFP. KRCS staff were recruited and trained to carry out the agreed responsibilities.

Education

Support to schools in IDP camps has ended in the Afraha Stadium IDP camp, Nakuru district while schools are still functioning in the ASK Showground IDP camp, Nakuru District and Naivasha Stadium IDP camp, Naivasha district. Support is shifting to schools in communities, in particular those with a high number of returnees.

Several constraints to children accessing education were highlighted, including: • A high number of separated children or child-headed families; • Insufficient resources to pay school fees; • Acute watery diarrhoea leading to hospitalisation; • Increasing use of child labour; • Abuse of children in or en route to schools; • Lack of adequate nutrition; and • Drug and substance abuse.

Partners have undertaken the following interventions:

Partner Location Intervention UNICEF St. Elizabeth secondary school, Eldoret district 100 desks were donated.

UNICEF Eldoret district Contributed to the payment of volunteer teachers for May and June. UNICEF All Nakuru district primary schools Education materials distributed. Allowances for volunteer teachers to be provided to District Education Officer. UNICEF Namwichula pimary school, Nyanza district 30 desks were donated. UNICEF Kunyak IDP Camp, Kisumu district 150 school bags, two education kits, 10 plastic mats donated. UNICEF Oasis primary school, Eldoret district 6 classroom tents donated.

6 Protection

Who Place and date Activity/ Report GBV Sub-Cluster 15 July Presentation made to the Waki Commission including testimony by two survivors of GBV from Mathare and Kibera slum areas. Survivors had been prepared for the presentation by lawyers and counsellors. GBV Sub- Trans Nzoia East and Information, Education and Communication material on the prevention of Cluster, IRC and West district Sexual and Gender-based Violence distributed for use in transit sites, Handicap community centres and health facilities. International UNHCR Jaso/Malel Tranist Assessed Eldoret ASK Showground IDP Camps school, which children in SC/UK Site, Uasin Gishu transit sites continue to attend. Upon determining that schools in the district community are too far from the transit site, UNHCR provided plastic 8 July sheets to cover the exposed classrooms and liaised with SC/UK to provide learning materials to the Camp school. UNHCR Eldoret ASK Assessed the number of children who have been left in the Eldoret ASK SC/UK Showground IDP Showground Camp to continue attending school and began tracing UNICEF Camp. separated children’s’ families. Liaised with local authorities to ensure Children Services 9 July children’s continued access to education during the returns process. Department and District Education Office UNHCR Rongo town, Kisumu Workshop held on the IDP Guiding Principles with 28 participants from district. NGOs, KRCS, civil society organizations, self-help groups, church 8 July organizations, Ministry of Health, Government Children’s Department, DC, DOs and police. UNHCR Kakamega Police Protection monitoring mission undertaken in response to reports from Station Camp. IDPs of threats and abuse from the district administration. UNHCR liaised 8 July with the IDP Committee to ensure that the most vulnerable households would take their tents with them upon departure from the camp. Also advised the Committee to liaise with the DC to address the lack of firewood in the camp. UNHCR Nakuru ASK UNHCR appealed to the DC to clarify with IDPs that they would not have Showground IDP to present a tent in order to receive the government “resettlement funds” Camp. as several families are sharing a tent. 11 July UNHCR ASK Showground IDP Monitored the returns process from the two camps. Advocated that Save the Camp and Afraha vulnerable populations be provided appropriate support during the Children, Stadium IDP Camp process and that the returns process begin as early in the day as Child Welfare 5 July possible. Monitored departures to ensure that children were not Society separated during the process.

Shelter and Non Food Items

Over 500 IDPs returnee families have received iron sheets, timber and nails in the Geta Farm return area, Trans-Nzoia district. Many of the homes in the region were not completely destroyed during the PEV so households could use the materials provided to repair existing houses.

Who Place Activity/ Report IRC Gitwamba transit site Distributed 28 tons of firewood, 2,000 jerrycans and 11 cartons of soap. Muroki transit site Distributed 800 jerrycans and 71 cartons of soap. Kiptoi transit site Distributed 514 jerrycans. Geta Farm transit site, Trans –nzoia District Distributed nine cartons of soap.

DRC Molo District Distributed 240 NFI kits, pre-positioned materials for shelter interventions and registered beneficiaries.

Water Sanitation Hygiene

Some WASH gaps have emerged among communities with high numbers of IDPs, including in Nyzana and Western provinces. Furthermore, transit sites are emerging in the Kisumu district, which are in need of sanitary facilities and clean water.

Furthermore, cholera cases continue to be reported in Kisumu Municipality, Kisumu East District, though at a decreasing rate; by 30 June, 272 cases had been reported. A Public Health Water and

7 Sanitation committee was formed to develop and implement strategies to address the outbrea, and UNICEF is assisting with chlorination of wells and hygiene promotion.

Who Place Activity/ Report UNICEF, 140 transit sites in Kipkelion, Supplied WES services, including the digging of Danish Refugee Council, Ministry oNf arok, Kauru, Naivasha, shallow wells which will be cleaned and chlorinated. Water, Action Against Hunger, Nakuru North and Molo Action Aid, district. Catholic Relief Services (CRS), Diocese of Nakuru

UNICEF 10 transit sites in Narok Transported mobilets, NFIs and emergency WES South district supplies, including jerricans, aqua tabs and PUR. UNICEF 20 schools in Uasin Gishu Provided trucking of water or extension of pipelines, and Kiobatek districts. 132 latrine slabs and excavation and construction for pit latrines, basins for hand washing facilities and soap. CRS 9 schools in Uasin Gishu and Hygiene promotion undertaken. Kiobatek Districts CRS Boito and Arnesens Primary Latrines constructed in each school. School; Arnesens Secondary School; St Patrick, Ilula, Kipkenya, Rescourse and Kipkenduiwa schools, Eldoret District. UNICEF Koru Police, IDP camp, Equipment provided to rehabilitate Koru Mission Nyando district Water Supply. World Vision, KRCS, UNICEF, 69 transitional site in the WES services and supplies provided. Ministry of Water and Irrigation, North Rift Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation and International Rescue Committee.

Early Recovery ! A Peace and Development Advisor to the UNCT (RC/HC) is supporting the establishment of linkages between political processes, national reconciliation process and community-based peace- building interventions. He will also provide analysis on the reconciliation process.

Early Recovery cluster partners will accompany the District Peace Committees (DPCs), for which the MOSSP has provided KSH12.5million (USD 195,300) in funding. The DPCs draw on both traditional conflict resolution mechanism as well as modern formal dispute resolution processes, with a mandate to prevent, manage or transform inter-ethnic or intra-ethnic conflicts. The model supports traditional conflict resolution mechanisms whilst also addressing concerns about gender/age sensitivity in modern conflict management systems.

OXFAM is supporting three consultants to work with the National Steering Committee on Peace- building on the political, legal and practical aspects of finalising the Peace-building bill.

In support of livelihoods recovery, UNDP is supporting District Business Solution Centres in Nakuru, Eldoret and Kisumu, in partnership with the Ministry of Trade. The Centres will focus on providing support to youth, women and PEV-affected populations. A consultant is also conducting a desk review of the effect of the PEV on micro and small enterprises, as well as how linkages in the private sector can help to support recovery.

For more information, please contact: Jeanine Cooper, Head of Office, OCHA-Kenya, +254 (20)7625155, [email protected].

Rania Dagash, Desk Officer, Africa I Section, OCHA-New York, +1 917 367 3668, [email protected].

Stephanie Bunker, Spokesperson and Public Information Officer, OCHA-New York, +1 917 367 5126, +1 917 892 1679 (mobile), [email protected].

E lisabeth Byrs, Public Information Officer, OCHA-Geneva, +41 22 917 2653, [email protected]. 8

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