What Is a Weed? a Weed Is a Plant Growing in the Wrong Place Often out of Control
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
What is a Weed? A weed is a plant growing in the wrong place often out of control. Many of the weeds in Western Australia have come from overseas or other states, where in their native conditions they do not usually pose a problem. However in a new environment, in the absence of natural predators, they can quickly become dominant. Weeds take over bushland, smothering and inhibiting native vegetation, impacting on habitat and food sources that are essential for native animals and bird species. If weeds and grasses are allowed to take over, there is the potential for fire risks, especially on roadside verges. They compete vigorously for available space, crowding out the native species, and in some cases can block waterways. On farm land they can poison stock, affect the usage of land, reduce pasture areas and interfere with hay quality. We need to get control of them! Afghan Melon Apple of Sodom Arum Lily Blackberry Blackberry Nightshade Photo by Rod Randall Photo by DAFWA Photo by Dianne Hardwick Photo by Dianne Hardwick Photo by Rod Randall Boneseed Bridal Creeper Cape Tulip Castor Oil Bush Cotton Bush Photo by DAFWA Photo by Rod Randall Photo by Robyn Knox Photo by of Joanna Seabrook Photo by Penny Hussey Dock Doublegee Evening Primrose Lantana Lovegrass Photo by of Joanna Seabrook Photo by Rod Randall Photo by of Joanna Seabrook Photo by DAFWA Photo by of Joanna Seabrook Paterson’s Curse Watsonia hybrid Wild Radish Veldt Grass Victorian Tea Tree Photo by of Joanna Seabrook Photo by of Joanna Seabrook Photo by DAFWA Photo by DAFWA Photo by Rod Randall Your Responsibilities... Whether you have a small block or a large farm, as a landowner the weeds on your property are your responsibility. This leaflet is not a complete list of all the weeds you may have on your land but a selection of the most problematic ones in our area. Some of the listed plants may be ”declared’ under the Agriculture and Related Resources Protection Act 1976. If a plant is declared, all landholders are obliged to control the plant on their properties. Declared plants fall into categories, which define the action required. The category varies over the State, ranging from prohibition or eradication to control, or just preventing the spread into neighbouring areas. A full list of declared plants and their categories can be found at http://www.agric.wa.gov.au. Agriculture Western Australia, WA. Australia, Western Agriculture brochure was funded by a Lotterywest Grant. Lotterywest a by funded was brochure Region. Peel Northern the in Weeds and Plants Declared of The update and reprint of this of reprint and update The of them. of Serpentine-Jarrahdale LCDC. LCDC. Serpentine-Jarrahdale 1999. A Guide to the Control Control the to Guide A 1999. Greening, Western Australia. Western Greening, Bushland. We need to get control control get to need We Managing Perth’s Perth’s Managing 1995. (Eds) J. Harris, and M., Scheltema, information. See above for contact details. contact for above See information. Centre, WA. Centre, Contact your local Landcare Centre for more more for Centre Landcare local your Contact . Community Catchment Catchment Community . Serpentine-Jarrahdale Shire information. of source Shrubs: a guide for landowners and developers in the the in developers and landowners for guide a Shrubs: great a are They land. of block small a have you Field Planting of Trees and and Trees of Planting Field 1993. al. et W., Mortlock, Narrogin and Williams. and Narrogin if even them, of one joining consider not Why South Perth. WA. WA. Perth. South region. our in operating Groups Landcare are There Murray, Waroona, Boddington, Boddington, Waroona, Murray, 2nd Ed. Department of Agriculture and Food WA, WA, Food and Agriculture of Department Ed. 2nd control. Southern weeds and their their and weeds Southern 2008. J. Wheeler, J., Moore, Centre. Landcare Jarrahdale Serpentine of Serpentine-Jarrahdale, of by 2011 in reprinted and Updated Protection Society of Western Australia, WA. Australia, Western of Society Protection For residents in the Shires the in residents For . Plant Plant . Weeds Western 1997. al. et B.M.J., Hussey, Department of Agriculture and Food WA. Food and Agriculture of Department Dianne Hardwick, John Peirce, Joanna Seabrook and the the and Seabrook Joanna Peirce, John Hardwick, Dianne References... S-J Weed Management Committee, Management Weed S-J Contributors: ©2000 Copyright Serpentine-Jarrahdale LCDC. Serpentine-Jarrahdale Copyright ©2000 Serpentine-Jarrahdale LCDC, Weeds Committee. Weeds LCDC, Serpentine-Jarrahdale land, including road verges. road including land, Original pamphlet produced by: produced pamphlet Original from Council prior to burning any Council controlled controlled Council any burning to prior Council from conditions for weeds. Written approval is required required is approval Written weeds. for conditions from the Department of Agriculture and Food WA. WA. Food and Agriculture of Department the from problem. It improves propagation and germination germination and propagation improves It problem. Pamphlets on control of specific weeds are available available are weeds specific of control on Pamphlets however, this practice only increases the long term term long the increases only practice this however, Landcare Officers to obtain the latest information. latest the obtain to Officers Landcare the immediate fire hazard and visual effect of weeds, weeds, of effect visual and hazard fire immediate the It is always worth contacting your Environmental and and Environmental your contacting worth always is It N.B. Burning of weeds on road verges may resolve resolve may verges road on weeds of Burning N.B. Be aware research is ongoing into the control of weeds. weeds. of control the into ongoing is research aware Be in it. in http://florabase.calm.wa.gov.au/weeds/ an offence to move or sell hay with declared plant material material plant declared with hay sell or move to offence an FloraBase: The West Australian Flora Australian West The FloraBase: in weed seed, such as Paterson’s curse and Cape tulip. It is is It tulip. Cape and curse Paterson’s as such seed, weed in Out! http://www.agric.wa.gov.au/ 4. Be aware before you buy hay that you may be bringing bringing be may you that hay buy you before aware Be 4. Department of Agriculture and Food WA Food and Agriculture of Department infestations. Website resources resources Website reseeding when necessary and keeping a watch for new new for watch a keeping and necessary when reseeding 9733 2628 9733 .................................. Centre Landcare Waroona well managed. This includes maintaining beneficial species, species, beneficial maintaining includes This managed. well 9733 7800 9733 ................................................. Waroona of Shire 3. Problems in paddocks are less likely if the pasture is is pasture the if likely less are paddocks in Problems 3. 9531 7777 9531 ...................................................... Murray of Shire See ‘References’ for help. for ‘References’ See Weed it it Weed 8230 9883 ............................................. Boddington of Shire seeding or cover the area with mulch. with area the cover or seeding 9526 0012 9526 ....... Centre Landcare Jarrahadale Serpentine suitable local native plants. Use either tubestock, direct direct tubestock, either Use plants. native local suitable Dept of Agriculture and Food Waroona Food and Agriculture of Dept 9733 7777 9733 ......... 2. The best, low maintenance strategy is to fill the area with with area the fill to is strategy maintenance low best, The 2. (Andrew Reeves) (Andrew ................................ Advice control Weed with desirable species. desirable with 1. Always have a management plan for replacing weeds weeds replacing for plan management a have Always 1. Dept of Agriculture and Food Bunbury Food and Agriculture of Dept 9780 6224 9780 .......... Important tips... Important Where can you get help? get you can Where * Pest plants (PP) are those weeds proclaimed by the Categories (Cat.): P1: Prohibits movement of plants or their seeds within Shire of Serpentine-Jarrahdale as a nuisance under the State. (highest priority) P2: Eradicate infestation, destroy and prevent the Local Government Act 1995, which requires the WEED INFORMATION propagation. P3: Control infestation in a way that prevents spread and P4: destruction, eradication or otherwise control of those Prevent the spread from property. For full description of categories visit ** Indicates declared status varies from area to area. plants. http://www.agric.wa.gov.au. Common Name Botanical Name Cat. Plant Description Control Methods Common on road verges, paddocks, disturbed ground in summer. Yellow flowers. Fruit bitter Triclopyr, apart from several restricted herbicides is the only product registered. However, extreme Afghan melon Citrullus lanatus care will have to be taken using this product near vineyards. The effectiveness is increased by and unpalatable. applying to small plants and by adding a spraying oil at 1% to the mixture. Prickly species of the Solanum genus growing to 2m. Spiny deeply lobed leaves Purple flowers. Amitrole gives good control and can be applied almost anytime of the year, but spring and summer Apple of Sodom Solannum linaeanum **P1,**P4 Yellow berries, poisonous to humans and stock. (P1,P4; Waroona, Serp/Jarrahdale) are preferred. Follow up treatment will be necessary to control seedlings. Metsulfuron methyl, should be applied June–October. Best results are obtained near flowering Grows in wet areas, heath and sand dunes. Flowers spring. Yellow spike is poisonous. Impedes time. Arum lily Zantedeschia aethiopica P1,P4 water flow and is toxic to stock, especially cattle. Causes eczema. The chemical can also be wiped on. The addition of a wetting agent or penetrant at 0.25% is beneficial. Prevention of seed formation will reduce the spread of the weed. Metsulfuron, glyphosate and mixtures of both give good control. A high application volume of A Weed of National Significance (WoNS). Perennial. Prickly shrub. Spread by seeds and water is required for best results. The addition of a wetting agent Pulse® gives a much quicker Blackberry Rubus species P1,**P4 rooting stems.