Brochure Live Webinar

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Brochure Live Webinar INFECTION CONTROL ASSOCIATION (SINGAPORE) WEBINAR SCHEDULE FOR MEMBERS ONLY DATE th th 4 July - 15 August 2020 Registration: TIME CLICK H ERE to register or scan the QR Code 14:00 - 15:00 Date Topic Speaker Chairman Prof. Dale Fisher 4th July, 2020 COVID-19 epidemiology - global and local Dr. Ling Moi Lin Dr. Shawn Vasoo Prof. Wing Hong Seto, 11th July, 2020 AGPs - where do we draw the line? A/Prof. Helen Oh Hong Kong Ms. Tan Kwee Yuen 18th July, 2020 Environment hygiene – what really matters? Ms. Lee Lai Chee Ms. Cathrine Teo PPE for managing COVID-19 patients - the 25th July, 2020 Dr. Kalisvar Marimuthu Dr. Surinder Kaur Pada truths and myths Lessons learnt from COVID-19 experience and the application to the various settings: 1st August, 2020 a. Acute care public hospitals Dr. Ling Moi Lin Ms. Lily Lang b. Private hospitals Dr. Asok Kurup c. Ambulatory including clinics Dr. Ng Chung Wai International best practices a. South Korea experience Prof. Mi-Na Kim, Korea th Ms. Patricia Ching, 8 August, 2020 b. Hong Kong experience Dr. Ling Moi Lin Hong Kong Ms. Glenys Harrington, c. Australian experience Australia Development of the COVID-19 vaccine 15th August, 2020 A/Prof. Helen Oh Ms. Lee Shu Lay – A Race Against Time *All speakers are from Singapore unless otherwise stated. *Disclaimer: Whilst every attempt will be made to ensure that all aspects of the programme will take place as scheduled, the Organisers reserve the right to make appropriate changes should the need arise. Organized by OVERSEAS FACULTY Ms. Patricia CHING Prof. Mi-Na KIM Principal Nurse Professor of Laboratory Medicine WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Asan Medical Center Disease Epidemiology and Control University of Ulsan College of Medicine School of Public Health Seoul, Korea The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR, China Prof. Wing Hong SETO Clinical Professor Ms. Glenys HARRINGTON Director, WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Consultant Disease Epidemiology and Control Infection Control Consultancy School of Public Health Melbourne, Australia The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR, China LOCAL FACULTY Prof. Dale FISHER Dr. NG Chung Wai Senior Consultant Senior Consultant and Family Physician Division of Infectious Diseases SingHealth Polyclinics Department of Medicine Chair, Infection Control A/Prof. Helen OH National University Hospital Senior Consultant Department of Infectious Diseases Ms. Lily LANG Changi General Hospital Nurse Manager (Dental Services) Infection Control Dr. Surinder Kaur PADA National Healthcare Group Policlinic Head & Senior Consultant Division of Infectious Diseases Ms. LEE Lai Chee Chairperson, Infection Control Assistant Director Ng Teng Feng General Hospital Nursing in Specialty Care (Infection Prevention and Control) Ms. TAN Kwee Yuen Singapore General Hospital Senior Nurse Clinician Infection Prevention and Epidemiology Ms. LEE Shu Lay Singapore General Hospital Infection Control Manager Nursing Ms. Cathrine TEO Thomson Medical Centre Senior Nurse Clinician Nursing Dr. LING Moi Lin National University Hospital Director, Infection Prevention & Epidemiology Singapore General Hospital Dr. Shawn VASOO Dr. Asok KURUP Clinical Director Infectious Diseases Physician Head, Infectious Disease Research Laboratory Mount Elizabeth Hospital National Centre for Infectious Diseases Senior Consultant Dr. Kalisvar MARIMUTHU Department of Infectious Diseases Senior Consultant Tan Tock Seng Hospital Department of Infectious Diseases National Centre for Infectious Diseases Senior Consultant Department of Infectious Diseases Tan Tock Seng Hospital Organized by.
Recommended publications
  • The Potential Role of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
    Opinion Preparing for the Most Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 VIEWPOINT The Potential Role of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Graeme MacLaren, The novel coronavirus has now infected tens of thou- greater. To address this, prompt mobilization of exist- MSc sands of people in China and has spread rapidly around ing registries and clinical research groups should help fa- Cardiothoracic the globe.1 The World Health Organization (WHO) cilitate the systematic collection of data. For example, Intensive Care Unit, has declared the disease, coronavirus disease 2019 the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) National University Health System, (COVID-19), a Public Health Emergency of International Registry is being adapted to acquire new information Singapore. Concern and released interim guidelines on patient about COVID-19 and prospective observational studies management.2 Early reports that emerged from Wuhan, are under way. Dale Fisher, MBBS the epicenter of the outbreak, demonstrated that the ECMO does not provide direct support for organs Division of Infectious clinical manifestations of infection were fever, cough, other than the lungs or heart beyond increasing Diseases, University Medicine Cluster, and dyspnea, with radiological evidence of viral systemic oxygen delivery and mitigating ventilator- National University pneumonia.3,4 Approximately 15% to 30% of these pa- induced lung injury. A substantial proportion of criti- Health Systems, tients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome cally ill patients with COVID-19 appear to have devel- Singapore; and 3 Department of (ARDS). The WHO interim guidelines made general rec- oped cardiac arrhythmias or shock, but it is unknown Medicine, Yong Loo Lin ommendations for treatment of ARDS in this setting, in- how many have or will develop refractory multiorgan School of Medicine, cluding that consideration be given to referring pa- failure, for which ECMO may be of more limited use.
    [Show full text]
  • C56c4539 6941 4Fe2 93Ff 3Fd5f7f198c8ics COVID 19 Güncel
    Evrak Tarihi ve Sayısı: 20.01.2021-282 *BELCKK62* c1 Sayı : 38591462-010.07.03-2021-282 20.01.2021 Konu : ICS COVID-19 Güncel Duyurusu Sirküler No: 78 Sayın Üyemiz, Uluslararası Deniz Ticaret Odası (International Chamber of Shipping-ICS) tarafından gönderilen 18 Ocak 2021 (Ek-1) ve 11 Ocak 2021 (Ek-2) tarihli yazılarda, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün (World Health Organization-WHO) yayınladığı, bütün ülkeler tarafından bildirilen "Yeni Koronavirüs" (Covid-19) akut solunum yolu hastalık vaka tablosunu içeren güncel istatistiki bilgiler Odamıza iletilmiştir. Bahse konu yazılarda Covid-19 vakalarının, hastaneye yatan hasta ve vefat sayılarının Avrupa ve Amerika'da önemli ölçüde artmaya devam ettiği, 18 Ocak 2021 tarihi itibarıyla toplam 93.194.922 Covid-19 vakası tespit edildiği, birçok ülkenin halihazırda uygun test ekipmanına sahip olmadığı için tüm vakaların rapor edilemediği ve bu nedenle sayıların artacağı belirtilmekte olup, rapor tarihi itibarıyla en fazla Covid-19 vakası tespit edilen ilk 12 ülke, Covid-19 salgını vaka ve vefat sayılarının olduğu tablo ve ülkeler hakkında güncel bilgiler bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca yazılarda, Covid-19 salgınıyla mücadele kapsamında ülkeler tarafından sürdürülen aşı programları hakkındaki gelişmelere ait bilgiler ile aşağıdaki hususlar yer almaktadır: - UN COVAX programında aşıların bulunabilirlik durumunu özetleyen ve günlük olarak güncellenen veri tabanına UNICEF web sitesinden erişilebilmektedir. Anlaşma yapıldıkça güncellenen tabloyla birlikte, hangi ülkelerde sözleşmelerin olduğu, satın alınan miktarların
    [Show full text]
  • Microsoft Outlook
    Morris, Max From: Morris, Max Sent: Wednesday, May 5, 2021 9:30 PM To: Morris, Max Subject: 05/05/2021 Coronavirus Daily Recap This email is provided for informational, non-commercial purposes only. Use or reliance on the information contained in this email is at your sole risk. This email is not provided by or affiliated in any way with Ally Financial Inc. These updates are being shared to multiple organizations, individuals and lists who/which are bcc’d. Best effort we are sending Daily updates during the business week, typically in the evening, a Weekend Recap on Monday mornings, and any significant breaking news events provided anytime. Please note some numbers included in the Statistics and news stories come from various sources and so can vary as they are constantly changing and not reported at the same time. All communications are TLP GREEN and can be shared freely. Know someone who might want to be added to our Updates? Of course ask them first, and then have them send us an email to [email protected]. Live the message, share the message: Be safe – Stay home and limit travel as much as possible, self-quarantine if you or any members of your family are or may be sick, if you go out wear your mask – the right way, ensure safe social distancing, and practice good hygiene – wash your hands, avoid touching your face, and sanitize used items and surfaces. And be sure to get fully vaccinated to not only protect yourself but others. Need to find a vaccine? Here are a few good sites and resources we have come across that may help: White House Vaccine Resource - Website to make it easier for people to find information, https://www.vaccines.gov/, and people can also text their zip code to 438829 to find out information about vaccination sites.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Nosocomial Transmission of Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms (CRO)
    Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nosocomial transmission of Carbapenem-resistant organisms (CRO) Dr Kalisvar Marimuthu Senior Consultant, Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore Senior Consultant, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore Director, Infection Prevention and Control Office, Woodlands Health Campus, Singapore Adj. Asst. Prof. of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore Contributors: Professor Paul Ananthraj Tambyah, National University of Singapore Professor Dale Andrew Fisher, National University of Singapore Professor Stephan Harbarth, Prevention and Control of Infection, Geneva University Hospital A/Prof Oon Tek Ng, National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Nanyang Technological University A/Prof Brenda Ang Sze Peng, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore Positive and negative impact of COVID-19 on CRO • Resource diversion resulting in: • Increased awareness of IPC principles • Interruption of infection prevention • and control (IPC) surveillance and Increase awareness of importance of audits hand hygiene • Interruption of screening for • Possibility of increase in funding for asymptomatic carriers (lab resources) IPC post-pandemic • Prioritization of isolation facilities for COVID-19 patients • Disruption to health services resulting • Slowing or complete cessation of in reduction in non-COVID-19 AMR research hospitalization • Possible increase in antimicrobial utilization for COVID-19 related respiratory illnesses Possible negative
    [Show full text]
  • Analyzing the Effect of Relaxing Restriction on the COVID-19
    medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.19.21255759; this version posted April 20, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-ND 4.0 International license . Analyzing the effect of relaxing restriction on the COVID-19 outbreak for some US states Mahir Demir Department of Fisheries and Wildlife/Quantitative Fishery Center, Michigan State University East Lansing, MI, 48823 USA [email protected] ibrahim Halil Aslan Department of Mathematics, Batman University, West Ramada Batman, 72000, Turkey [email protected] Suzanne Lenhart Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN, 37996 USA [email protected] April 20, 2021 Abstract The ongoing pandemic disease COVID-19 has caused worldwide social and financial disrup- tion. As many countries are engaged in designing vaccines, the harmful second and third waves of COVID-19 have already appeared in many countries. To investigate changes in transmission rates and the effect of social distancing in the USA, we formulate a system of ordinary differential equations using data of confirmed cases and deaths in these states: California, Texas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, Michigan, and Missouri in the USA to be able to investigate changes in transmission rates of the outbreak and effect of social distancing. Our models and the corre- sponding parameter estimations show social distancing reduces the transmission by 60% to 90%, and thus obeying the movement restriction rules plays a crucial rule to reduce the magnitudes of the outbreak waves.
    [Show full text]
  • Nationally-Led Simulation to Test Hospital Systems
    Simulation for Outbreak Preparedness—Lionel HW Lum et al 332 Editorial Pandemic Preparedness: Nationally-Led Simulation to Test Hospital Systems 1 2 3 2 Lionel HW Lum, MBBS, MRCP (UK), Hishamuddin Badaruddin, BMBS, MPH, FAMS, Sharon Salmon, BN, MPH, PhD, Jeffery Cutter, MBBS, 4 1,5 MMed (PH), FAMS, Aymeric YT Lim, MBBS, FRCS (Glasgow), FAMS, Dale Fisher, MBBS, FRACP, DTM&H Introduction of requirements for hospital preparation, encompassing in- Cities that receive large numbers of international travellers house evaluations using “table-top” (theoretical) exercises, are particularly vulnerable to outbreaks of emerging quality and process improvement “walkabouts”, and infectious disease with pandemic potential.1 Secondary department-specific simulation exercises. transmission of Ebola virus disease (EVD) occurred when To mitigate the threat posed by EVD, the Ministry of Health travellers from West Africa infected healthcare workers (MOH), Singapore undertook a series of “walkabouts” to in Europe and the United States in 2014.2,3 Middle East assess institutional readiness in most major public and respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus has also caused private hospitals across the country during the latter part of secondary outbreaks due to travel by infected individuals. 2014. To further test and facilitate enhancement of systems, While most of these distant outbreaks of MERS have to MOH subsequently undertook full scale national simulation date been quickly confined, South Korea experienced 185 exercises collectively called Exercise Sparrowhawk. laboratory-confirmed cases involving 5 generations of 4 transmission over 6 weeks. In Singapore, the Nipah virus National Simulation Exercise in 1998 to 1999, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus in 2003 and influenza A/H1N1 in 20095 not Prior to the exercises, hospitals were required to submit only had a major impact on the health of its population a copy of their hospital preparedness standard operating and notably its healthcare workers, but also more broadly, procedures to MOH for review.
    [Show full text]
  • Singapore Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report Weekly Report for the Week Ending 24 January 2021
    Singapore Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report Weekly report for the week ending 24 January 2021 Singapore Situation summary As of 24 January 2021, there have been a total of 59 308 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Singapore. In the week ending 24 January 2021: o No new deaths were reported. The total number of COVID-19 deaths in Singapore remains at 29. The case fatality rate remains at 0.05%. o A total of 195 new cases have been reported, down 5.3% compared to the previous week. Of the new cases reported, three are linked to community transmissions, while 180 cases (92.3%) were imported. On 24 January 2020, Singapore reported 48 new imported cases – the highest single-day record in the past four months. Upcoming events and priorities Effective 31 January, all visitors who apply to enter Singapore under the Air Travel Pass (ATP) and Reciprocal Green Lanes (RGLs) will need travel insurance for their medical care and hospitalization costs associated with COVID-19, with a minimum coverage of S$ 30 000 000. Effective 22 January, all cargo drivers and accompanying personnel entering Singapore via the Tuas and Woodlands checkpoints will need to undergo a COVID-19 antigen rapid test upon arrival. Effective 20 January, with the introduction of a new single stop for COVID-19 testing, some Singapore Airlines (SIA) and SilkAir passengers will now streamline their arrangements for pre-departure COVID- 19 testing. In March 2021, Temasek Foundation will be launching the fourth national distribution of reusable masks from #Staymasked vending machines at community centres and other locations islandwide.
    [Show full text]
  • Than an Accident
    BORDEAUX 2005 KEEP THEM CLEAN FLAIR FOR DESTRUCTION A WINE VINTAGE HAND HYGIENE ANTI-CONSUMERIST ETHIC WORTH THE WAIT STILL MATTERS LIGHTS HIS ARTISTIC PATH BACK PAGE | LIVING PAGE 17 | WELL PAGE 18 | CULTURE .. INTERNATIONAL EDITION | FRIDAY, JULY 23, 2021 Of children Nations lean and their lost toward new caregivers Covid plan: Lucie Cluver Live with it SINGAPORE OPINION From March 2020 to last April, over a Officials encourage return million children worldwide lost a mother, father, grandparent or another to normality, even as some adult they relied on as a primary care- scientists warn it’s too soon giver to Covid-19. In South Africa, one in every 200 children lost his or her BY SUI-LEE WEE primary caregiver. In Peru, it was one in every 100. England has removed nearly all corona- Because of international gaps in virus restrictions. Germany is allowing coronavirus testing and reporting, vaccinated people to travel without these numbers are likely underesti- quarantines. Outdoor mask mandates mates. But our team of researchers, are mostly gone in Italy. Shopping malls including experts from public health remain open in Singapore. organizations and universities around Eighteen months after the coronavi- the world, used mathematical mod- rus first emerged, governments in Asia, eling and mortality and fertility data Europe and the Americas are encourag- from 21 countries with 76 percent of ing people to return to their daily global deaths from Covid-19 to esti- rhythms and transition to a new normal mate the number of in which subways, offices, restaurants Other mass- children who lost a and airports are once again full.
    [Show full text]
  • From the Editor Letters to the Editor
    5/14/2020 April 2020 - Volume 95 - Issue 4 : Academic Medicine Table of Contents Outline Subscribe to eTOC View Contributor Index (https://journals.lww.com/academicmedicine/pages/contributorindex.aspx? year=2020&issue=04000) From the Editor The Closure of Hahnemann University Hospital and the Experience of Moral Injury in Academic Medicine (https://journals.lww.com/academicmedicine/Fulltext/2020/04000/The_Closure_of_Hahn Roberts, Laura Weiss Academic Medicine. 95(4):485-487, April 2020. Favorites PDF (https://pdfs.journals.lww.com/academicmedicine/2020/04000/The_Closure_of_Hahnemann_University_Hos token=method|ExpireAbsolute;source|Journals;ttl|1589464217244;payload|mY8D3u1TCCsNvP5E421JYK6N6XI Get Content & Permissions Table of Contents Outline | Back to Top Letters to the Editor “Orphan” Status: Inadequate Protection for Abandoned Residents (https://journals.lww.com/academicmedicine/Fulltext/2020/04000/_Orphan__Status__In Adler, Cameron Academic Medicine. 95(4):488, April 2020. Favorites PDF (https://pdfs.journals.lww.com/academicmedicine/2020/04000/_Orphan__Status__Inadequate_Protection_fo token=method|ExpireAbsolute;source|Journals;ttl|1589464217275;payload|mY8D3u1TCCsNvP5E421JYK6N6XI Get Content & Permissions The Importance of Changing Culture on Parental Leave (https://journals.lww.com/academicmedicine/Fulltext/2020/04000/The_Importance_of_C Paladine, Heather L.; Wendling, Andrea; Phillips, Julie Academic Medicine. 95(4):488-489, April 2020. Favorites PDF (https://pdfs.journals.lww.com/academicmedicine/2020/04000/The_Importance_of_Changing_Culture_on_P
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of COVID-19 on the Construction Industry in Taiwan
    ARTICLE The Impact of COVID-19 on the Construction Industry in Taiwan Taiwan has kept the COVID-19 infection rate low at 458 confirmed cases1 and seven deaths despite the island’s close links with China. It was one of the few jurisdictions in the world that did not impose lockdown measures and kept its construction sites open and employees working. What are the COVID-19 preventive measures? The guidance note includes a risk assessment and prescribes detailed administrative controls, environmental Taiwan implemented epidemic interventions as early as controls and personal protective equipment to be mid-January 2020. On 15 January 2020, the Government implemented in the workplace. identified the virus as “severe special infectious pneumonia” and shortly after activated the Central How have construction projects been impacted? Epidemic Situation Command Center.2 A comprehensive According to a survey conducted by the Taiwan Institute of epidemic control measure was then implemented, which Economic Research (TIER) in March 2020, the respondents included travel restrictions, quarantine protocols and in the construction industry experienced delays in integrated medical information platforms. According to various new private projects resulting from the lack of the Journal of the American Medical Association,3 Taiwan construction materials and workers.5 However, the lack of engaged in 124 discrete action items to prevent the spread workers was generally caused by the reduced mobility of of the disease. local construction workers not foreign workers. On 30 January 2020, the National Health Command Center (“NHCC”) and Ministry of Labour published a guidance note4 to the construction and manufacturing industries. 1 Taiwan Centers for Disease Control.
    [Show full text]
  • Rational Use of Personal Protective Equipment for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Considerations During Severe Shortages
    Rational use of personal protective equipment for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and considerations during severe shortages Interim guidance 6 April 2020 • Background avoiding touching your eyes, nose, and mouth; • practicing respiratory hygiene by coughing or This document summarizes WHO’s recommendations for the sneezing into a bent elbow or tissue and then rational use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in health immediately disposing of the tissue; care and home care settings, as well as during the handling of • wearing a medical mask if you have respiratory cargo; it also assesses the current disruption of the global symptoms and performing hand hygiene after supply chain and considerations for decision making during disposing of the mask; severe shortages of PPE. • routine cleaning and disinfection of environmental and other frequently touched surfaces. This document does not include recommendations for members of the general community. See here: for more In health care settings, the main infection prevention and information about WHO advice of use of masks in the general control (IPC) strategies to prevent or limit COVID-19 community. transmission include the following:2 In this context, PPE includes gloves, medical/surgical face 1. ensuring triage, early recognition, and source control masks - hereafter referred as “medical masks”, goggles, face (isolating suspected and confirmed COVID-19 shield, and gowns, as well as items for specific procedures- patients); 3 filtering facepiece respirators (i.e. N95 or FFP2 or 2. applying standard precautions for all patients and FFP3 standard or equivalent) - hereafter referred to as including diligent hand hygiene; “respirators" - and aprons. This document is intended for 3.
    [Show full text]
  • 38591462-010.07.03-2021-981 26.03.2021 Konu : ICS COVID-19 Güncel Duyurusu
    Evrak Tarihi ve Sayısı: 26.03.2021-981 *BE8RKF7R* c1 Sayı : 38591462-010.07.03-2021-981 26.03.2021 Konu : ICS COVID-19 Güncel Duyurusu Sirküler No: 355 Sayın Üyemiz, Uluslararası Deniz Ticaret Odası (International Chamber of Shipping-ICS) tarafından gönderilen 22 Mart 2021 tarihli Ekte sunulan yazıda, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün (World Health Organization-WHO) yayınladığı, 22 Mart 2021 tarihi itibarıyla bütün ülkelerden bildirilen "Yeni Koronavirüs" (COVID-19) akut solunum yolu hastalık vaka tablosunu içeren güncel istatistiki bilgiler Odamıza iletilmiştir. Bahse konu yazılarda Covid-19 vakalarının, hastaneye yatan hasta ve vefat sayılarının Avrupa ve Amerika'da önemli ölçüde artmaya devam ettiği, 21 Mart 2021 tarihi itibarıyla toplam 122.524.424 adet Covid-19 vakası tespit edildiği, birçok ülkenin halihazırda uygun test ekipmanına sahip olmadığı için tüm vakaların rapor edilemediği ve bu nedenle sayıların artacağı belirtilmekte olup, rapor tarihi itibarıyla en fazla Covid-19 vakası tespit edilen ilk 12 ülke, Covid-19 salgını vaka ve vefat sayılarının olduğu tablo ve ülkeler hakkında güncel bilgiler bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca yazıda, Covid-19 salgınıyla mücadele kapsamında uygulanan iyi örnekler ile ülkeler tarafından sürdürülen aşı programları hakkındaki gelişmelere ait bilgilerin yanı sıra aşağıdaki konular da yer almaktadır: Uluslararası Sivil Havacılık Örgütü (International Civil Aviation Organization – ICAO) tarafından yayınlanan, 17.03.2021 tarihli Covid-19 Halk Sağlığı Krizinde Hava Yolculuğu Rehberi Ek-2'de yer almaktadır. ICAO tarafından yayınlanan, Covid-19 sebebiyle 16.03.2021 tarihi itibarıyla Avrupa ve Kuzey Atlantik Bölgeleri'nde (EUR/NAT) uygulanan kısıtlamalar hakkındaki bilgiler Ek-3'te yer almaktadır. Covid-19'un sivil havacılık sektörüne etkileri ve ekonomik etki analizi üzerine ICAO tarafından hazırlanan 17.03.2021 tarihli çalışma Ek-4'te sunulmaktadır.
    [Show full text]