DOCSLIB.ORG

Download Download

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Download Download The Journal of Threatened Taxa (JoTT) is dedicated to building evidence for conservaton globally by publishing peer-reviewed artcles OPEN ACCESS online every month at a reasonably rapid rate at www.threatenedtaxa.org. All artcles published in JoTT are registered under Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License unless otherwise mentoned. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of artcles in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Journal of Threatened Taxa Building evidence for conservaton globally www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Short Communication Glimpse of climber diversity in Saharanpur District, Uttar Pradesh, India Lalita Saini, Archasvi Tyagi, Inam Mohammad & Vijai Malik 26 April 2021 | Vol. 13 | No. 5 | Pages: 18390–18397 DOI: 10.11609/jot.5029.13.5.18390-18397 For Focus, Scope, Aims, and Policies, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/aims_scope For Artcle Submission Guidelines, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/about/submissions For Policies against Scientfc Misconduct, visit htps://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/policies_various For reprints, contact <[email protected]> The opinions expressed by the authors do not refect the views of the Journal of Threatened Taxa, Wildlife Informaton Liaison Development Society, Zoo Outreach Organizaton, or any of the partners. The journal, the publisher, the host, and the part- Publisher & Host ners are not responsible for the accuracy of the politcal boundaries shown in the maps by the authors. Member Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 April 2021 | 13(5): 18390–18397 ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) OPEN ACCESS htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.5029.13.5.18390-18397 #5029 | Received 19 February 2019 | Final received 23 January 2021 | Finally accepted 27 March 2021 SHORT COMMUNICATION Glimpse of climber diversity in Saharanpur District, Utar Pradesh, India Lalita Saini 1 , Archasvi Tyagi 2 , Inam Mohammad 3 & Vijai Malik 4 1,2,4 Department of Botany, CCS University, Meerut, Utar Pradesh 250001, India. 3 DAV University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar, Panjab 144012, India. 1 [email protected], 2 [email protected], 3 [email protected] 4 [email protected] (corresponding author) Abstract: The present paper focuses on the herbaceous and woody these may be root climbers, scramblers, tendril climbers, climbers of Saharanpur District. A total of 66 species of herbaceous and twiners. Climbers mostly occur in woody plant climbers, 33 species of woody climbers, 15 species of climbing shrubs, and two species of parasitc climbers belonging 27 diferent families ecosystem, although diversity is found in subtropical and have been recorded. Climbers belonging to the families such as tropical forests (Richards 1952; Schimper 1903; Bongers Convolvulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, and Apocynaceae were found to be dominant in this region. This study also records the et al. 2005). Tropical rain forest has a high diversity of occurrence of 14 species of threatened climbers. climbers up to 30% of vegetaton (Schnitzer & Bongers 2002). Climbing plant species are more abundantly Keywords: Apocynaceae, Convolvulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, threatened. associated to tropical forest than temperate forest (Putz 1984; Richard 1996). Climber is defned as plant species that require mechanical support for its growth (Putz & Windsor A climber starts its life on the forest foor and 1987). It includes herbaceous and woody lianas (Gentry spends almost one-fourth of its life on forest surface. 1991). According to an estmate, climbers are one half Afer this phase the adhering, anchoring, and leaning of vascular plant species. Hippocrataeceae, Vitaceae, starts on other plants to achieve immense stature and Smilacaceae families have lianas or vines (Putz (Jongkind & Hawthorne 2005). Families such as 1984; Gentry 1991). A climber foristcally plays an Cucurbitaceae, Convolvulaceae, and Dioscoreaceae are important role in tropical forest and considered to be a considered to be climber rich. Amongst the climber-rich structural component that afects the physiognomy of families, Apocynaceae, Rubiaceae, Celastraceae, and the forest (Gentry 1991). A climber plant species plays Leguminosae have more than 50 species (Gentry 1991; a vital role in forest ecosystem as it provides habitat Schnitzer & Bongers 2002). Diversity is also found in the and food for animals (Hladik 1978; Emmons & Gentry climbing mechanism in the form of branch twiners, stem 1983; Gentry 1991; Gelat & Padroni 1994). Climbers twiners, tendril climbers, root adhesive climbers, hook are almost neglected in all foristc studies but this group climbers, and scramblers (Bongers et al. 2005; Jongking represents one of the major part of plant collectons & Hawthorne 2005). Climbers are rooted plants in the (Gentry 1991). A review of the literature reveals that ground but necessitate hold up for their growth and several workers did comprehensive work on climbers Editor: Anonymity requested. Date of publicaton: 26 April 2021 (online & print) Citaton: Saini, L., A. Tyagi, I. Mohammad & V. Malik (2021). Glimpse of climber diversity in Saharanpur District, Utar Pradesh, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 13(5): 18390–18397. htps://doi.org/10.11609/jot.5029.13.5.18390-18397 Copyright: © Saini et al. 2021. Creatve Commons Atributon 4.0 Internatonal License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproducton, and distributon of this artcle in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publicaton. Funding: None. Competng interests: The authors declare no competng interests. Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to Dr. Rup Narayan, Head, Department of Botany, CCS University, Meerut, for encouragement. 18390 Climber diversity in Saharanpur District, Utar Pradesh Saini et al. J TT (1906), Kanjilal (1928), Maheshwari (1963), and Delta sofware. The herbarium sheets are preserved in the Department of Botany, C.C.S. University, and Meerut. Result and Discussion During feld surveys, the authors collected many plant and recorded 116 species (98 natve and 18 non-natve) of climbers, of which 66 were herbaceous climbers, 33 woody climbers or lianas and 15 climbing shrubs, and two parasite climbers (Images 1–22). We also observed diversity in the nature of climbing organs. It was reported that out of 116 climber species 70 are twiners, 24 are tendril climbers, 15 are climbing shrubs, four are root climbers and three are hook climbers. Threatened climbers of Saharanpur District Abrus precatorius, Aspidopterys cordata, Asparagus racemosus, Cryptostegia grandifora, Brachypterum scandens, Dioscorea alata, D. bulbifera, Ipomoea dichroa, Mucuna pruriens, Operculina terpethum, Paederia foetda, Pueraria tuberosa, Trichosanthes cucumerina, and Vincetoxicum indicum are some of the threatened climbers found in Saharanpur District. These fndings are in accordance to the work done by previous Figure 1. Study area explorers (Malik 2016; Barik et al. 2018). References and related taxa (DeWalt et al. 2000; Muthuramkumar & Parthasarathy 2001; Pérez-Salicrup et al. 2001; Reddy & Barik, S.K., O.N. Tiwari, D. Adhikari, P.P. Singh, R. Tiwary & S. Barua Parthasarathy 2003; Kouamé et al. 2004; Parthasarathy (2018). Geographic distributon patern of threatened plants of India and steps taken for their Conservaton Current Science 3: 114. et al. 2004; DeWalt et al. 2006; Mukherjee 2006; Prasad htps://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v114/i03/470-503 et al. 2009; Ghosh & Pandey 2014). During the present Bongers, F., M.P. Parren & D. Traoré (2005). Forest climbing study, an atempt was made to enumerate and list all plants of West Africa: Diversity, Ecology and Management. CABI Publishing Wallingford UK, 273pp. htps://doi. natve, exotc, and threatened climbers of Saharanpur org/10.1079/9780851999142.0000 forest division of Utar Pradesh, India. During felds Brandis, D. (1824–1906). Indian Tress: an account of trees, shrubs, surveys and foristc study, the authors collected many woody climbers, bamboos and palms indigenous or commonly cultvated in the Britsh Indian Empire. A constable, London, 776pp. plant species and recorded 116 climbers (Table 1). DeWalt, S.J., K. Ickes, R. Nilus, K.E. Harms & D.F. Burslem (2006). Liana habitat associatons and community structure in a Bornean Material and Methods lowland tropical forest. Plant Ecology 186(2):203–216. htps://doi. org/10.1007/s11258-006-9123-6 0 0 Saharanpur lies between 29 34’45”–30 21’30”N & Dewalt, S.J., S.A. Schnitzer & J.S. Denslow (2000). Density and 7709’46”–78014’45”E with the average 269m elevaton diversity of lianas along a chronosequence in a central Panamanian and covers 3,689km2 area. Most part of the Saharanpur lowland forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 16(1): 1–19. Duthie, J.F. (1903–1929). Flora of the Upper Gangetc Plain and of the District is plain except the northern fronter which Adjacent Siwalik and Sub-Himalayan Tract. Calcuta, India. includes Shivalik Hills. While inventorying the fora Emmons, L.H. & A.H. Gentry (1983). Tropical forest structure and of Saharanpur, the authors conducted several feld the distributon of gliding and prehensile-tailed vertebrates. The American Naturalist 121(4): 513–524. trips in diferent seasons and collected hundreds of Galet, M. & F. Pedroni (1994). Seasonal diet of capuchin monkeys plant species. During the feld survey many climber (Cebus apella) in a semi deciduous forest in south-east Brazil.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Structural Defence Is Coupled with the Leaf Economic Spectrum Across Saplings of Spiny Species
    129 740–752 OIKOS Research Structural defence is coupled with the leaf economic spectrum across saplings of spiny species Mohammed Armani, Uromi M. Goodale, Tristan Charles-Dominique, Kasey E. Barton, Xin Yao and Kyle W. Tomlinson M. Armani (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1297-0296), X. Yao and K. W. Tomlinson (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3039-6766) ✉ (kylewtomlinson@ gmail.com), Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, CN-666303 Yunnan, PR China. MA also at: Univ. of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, PR China. – U. M. Goodale, Regeneration Ecology, Seed Bio-physiology and Conservation Laboratory, Plant Ecophysiology and Evolution Group, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi Univ., Nanning, Guangxi, PR China, and: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Univ., Nanning, Guangxi, PR China. – T. Charles-Dominique, Inst. of Ecology and Environmental Sciences – Paris, CNRS UMR 7618, Sorbonne Univ., Paris, France. – K. E. Barton, Dept of Botany, Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA. Oikos Given that the rate of resource capture constrains plant growth and defence, under- 129: 740–752, 2020 standing the linkage between the leaf economic spectrum (LES) and defence and how doi: 10.1111/oik.06960 it contributes to growth is central to predicting species performance. In spite of the prevalence of spiny plants in many plant communities, little is known about how Subject Editor: Lonnie Aarssen the LES relates to defence and growth rate across these species. We grew 42 spiny Editor-in-Chief: Dries Bonte species, from diverse environments, under common garden conditions for 15 weeks Accepted 13 January 2020 and measured LES (leaf N, SLA and assimilation rate), defence and growth traits.
    [Show full text]
  • Synoptic Overview of Exotic Acacia, Senegalia and Vachellia (Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid Clade, Fabaceae) in Egypt
    plants Article Synoptic Overview of Exotic Acacia, Senegalia and Vachellia (Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid Clade, Fabaceae) in Egypt Rania A. Hassan * and Rim S. Hamdy Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: For the first time, an updated checklist of Acacia, Senegalia and Vachellia species in Egypt is provided, focusing on the exotic species. Taking into consideration the retypification of genus Acacia ratified at the Melbourne International Botanical Congress (IBC, 2011), a process of reclassification has taken place worldwide in recent years. The review of Acacia and its segregates in Egypt became necessary in light of the available information cited in classical works during the last century. In Egypt, various taxa formerly placed in Acacia s.l., have been transferred to Acacia s.s., Acaciella, Senegalia, Parasenegalia and Vachellia. The present study is a contribution towards clarifying the nomenclatural status of all recorded species of Acacia and its segregate genera. This study recorded 144 taxa (125 species and 19 infraspecific taxa). Only 14 taxa (four species and 10 infraspecific taxa) are indigenous to Egypt (included now under Senegalia and Vachellia). The other 130 taxa had been introduced to Egypt during the last century. Out of the 130 taxa, 79 taxa have been recorded in literature. The focus of this study is the remaining 51 exotic taxa that have been traced as living species in Egyptian gardens or as herbarium specimens in Egyptian herbaria. The studied exotic taxa are accommodated under Acacia s.s. (24 taxa), Senegalia (14 taxa) and Vachellia (13 taxa).
    [Show full text]
  • Senegalia Pennata Subsp. Kerrii Click on Images to Enlarge
    Species information Abo ut Reso urces Hom e A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Senegalia pennata subsp. kerrii Click on images to enlarge Family Fabaceae Scientific Name Senegalia pennata subsp. kerrii (I.C.Nielsen) Maslin Maslin, B.R. (2012) Nuytsia 22(6): 467. Common name Flowers. Copyright CSIRO Climbing Wattle; Wattle, Climbing Stem Vine stem diameters to 10 cm recorded. Leaves Leaves bipinnate with a large number of very small leaflets. Leaflet blades about 3-6 x 0.5-1 mm, leaflet stalks very short, about 0.1-0.2 mm long or absent. Lateral veins difficult to distinguish on fresh material. One comparatively large saucer-like gland visible on the upper surface of the compound leaf petiole about 10 mm from its junction with the twig. Stipules triangular, about 3-4 mm long, caducous. The whole plant Leaves and Flowers. Copyright CSIRO very spiny with numerous recurved spines. Compound leaf rhachis with recurved spines on the underside, leafy twigs and stems armed with recurved spines. Tendrils spiny, formed from modified branches. Flowers Inflorescence a raceme of pom-pom-like heads. Each head about 9-10 mm diam. at anthesis. At anthesis flowers emit a strong perfume resembling that of fermenting fruit. Individual flowers about 1.2 mm diam. Calyx tube about 1 mm long, lobes about 0.9 mm long, hairy only at the apex. Petals about 2.2 mm long, fimbriate at the apex. Stamens numerous, filaments about 4 mm long.
    [Show full text]
  • Salt-Affected Soils and Management in Thailand
    Bull. Soc. Sea Water Sci., Jpn., 69, 319 － 325（2015） Bulletin of the Society of Sea Water Science, Japan Special Issue: Salt Damage and Food Production of the World （Review） Salt-affected Soils and Management in Thailand ＊ ＊ Somsri ARUNIN and Pirach PONGWICHIAN The total area of salt-affected soils in Thailand are 2.302 million hectares, of which the inland saline soils are 1.904 million hectares and the rest are in the coastal areas. Slightly to moderately salt-affected inlands are generally used for rice cultivation or other cash crops. Appropriate agronomic practices include selection of salt tolerant species, use of organic amendments and green manure. Management of severely salt-affected soils requires rehabilitation, leaching and drainage, mulching and change in cropping pattern. Halophytes have a role in revegetation and contribute to environmental remediation. In addition, reforestation on the recharge uplands has been recommended to lower groundwater hence, control salination in the discharge zone. Engineering and agronomic on-farm management practices for coastal salt-affected soils must be tailored to cope with the specific agro-ecosystem. More integrated research of various fields are needed. Key Words : Salinity, Remediation, Reforestation, Halophytes, Polder 1．Introduction 2．Inland salt-affected soil and management Salt-affected soils can be saline or sodic soils, saline soils 2.1 ‌Source and distribution of inland salt-affected are soils that contain soluble salts expressed as electrical soil conductivity（ ECe） of the saturation soil extract, higher than The wide spread inland salt-affected soils caused by both 2 dS/m at 25 ℃ and sodic soils with SAR（ Sodium natural and anthropogenic salination processes.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to the Census of the Queensland Flora 2015
    Introduction to the Census of the Queensland flora 2015 Queensland Herbarium 2015 Version 1.1 Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation Prepared by Peter D Bostock and Ailsa E Holland Queensland Herbarium Science Delivery Division Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation PO Box 5078 Brisbane QLD 4001 © The State of Queensland (Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation) 2015 The Queensland Government supports and encourages the dissemination and exchange of its information. The copyright in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia (CC BY) licence. Under this licence you are free, without having to seek permission from DSITI, to use this publication in accordance with the licence terms. You must keep intact the copyright notice and attribute the State of Queensland, Department of Science, Information Technology and Innovation as the source of the publication. For more information on this licence visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en Disclaimer This document has been prepared with all due diligence and care, based on the best available information at the time of publication. The department holds no responsibility for any errors or omissions within this document. Any decisions made by other parties based on this document are solely the responsibility of those parties. Information contained in this document is from a number of sources and, as such, does not necessarily represent government or departmental policy. If you need to access this document in a language other than English, please call the Translating and Interpreting Service (TIS National) on 131 450 and ask them to telephone Library Services on +61 7 3170 5725 Citation for introduction (this document) Bostock, P.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Acacia Leaves
    1 JAPAN PESTICIDES MRLs The Japan Food Chemical Research Foundation Last Update: 23/06/2014 THE CENTRAL LAB THAI PESTICIDE MULTI-RESIDUES TESTING ON: ACACIA LEAVES Specific Commodity: Acacia Leaves Other Name (s): Climbing Wattle (Thai Cha-om) Examples of Related Varieties or other products included in the definition to which the same MRL applies: na Cha-om Plant Japan Food Type: Vegetables Japan Food Group: Other Miscellaneous Vegetables Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Genus: Senegalia Species: Senegalia pennata Bundled Cha-om Tasked on the Department of Agriculture (DOA) regulated pesticides- Tables arranged on 05/08/2014 MRLs (ppm) MRLs (ppm) Chemical Family # Agricultural MRLs (ppm) Notes Time Limit for Chemical Family # Agricultural MRLs (ppm) Notes Time Limit for Chemicals Application Chemicals Application Uniform Not in the List Organophosphates 1 AZINPHOS-ETHYL Organophosphates 14 METHIDATHION 0.1 Limit: 0.01 of Chemicals 2 Uniform 2 AZINPHOS-METHYL 15 MEVINPHOS 0.4 Limit: 0.01 3 CHLORPYRIFOS 0.5 16 MONOCROTOPHOS 0.1 4 CHLORPYRIFOS-METHYL 0.03 17 OMETHOATE 1 5 DIAZINON 0.2 18 PARATHION 0.4 DICHLORVOS and 6 0.1 19 PARATHION-METHYL 1.0 NALED Uniform 7 DICROTOPHOS 20 PHOSALONE 0.5 Limit: 0.01 Uniform Not in the List 8 DIMETHOATE 1 21 PIRIMIPHOS-ETHYL Limit: 0.01 of Chemicals Uniform 9 EPN 22 PIRIMIPHOS-METHYL 1.0 Limit: 0.01 10 ETHION 0.3 23 PROFENOFOS 0.05 Uniform 11 FENITROTHION 0.2 24 PROTHIOFOS Limit: 0.01 Uniform 12 MALATHION 2.0 25 TRIAZOPHOS Limit: 0.01 3 13 METHAMIDOPHOS 30 ALDICARB and Uniform Uniform Carbamates 1 Carbamates
    [Show full text]
  • PLANTS of XE PIAN NATIONAL PROTECTED AREA 1 Bethany Elkington1,2, Kongmany Sydara3, Phaivanh Phiapalath4, and D
    LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC PLANTS of XE PIAN NATIONAL PROTECTED AREA 1 Bethany Elkington1,2, Kongmany Sydara3, Phaivanh Phiapalath4, and D. Doel Soejarto1,2 1University of Illinois at Chicago, 2Field Museum of Natural History, 3Institute of Traditional Medicine, 4IUCN, Lao PDR. Photos by Nichole I. Goodsmith and Vongtakoune Somsamouth. Produced by Bethany Elkington. Format by The Field Museum. © Bethany Elkington [[email protected]], Kongmany Sydara, and Doel Soejarto. [fieldguides.fieldmuseum.org] [1259] version 1 7/2020 These images are from a medicinal plant documentation expedition to Xe Pian National Protected Area (NPA) of Southern Laos, which stretches about 2,400 km2 between Champasak and Attapeu provinces and fluctuates from 150 m to 844 m above sea level. The park contains a wide variety of different habitats, ranging from dense primary/ secondary forests to wetlands, giving home to a great diversity of plant and animal species. The expedition took place in July 2009, to identify medicinal plants used to improve livelihoods for local communities. [Elkington et al. J Environ Biol. 2014 (Jul), 35(4):607-15 for more information.] Collection numbers are provided for each species, following “bge…” 1 Anomianthus dulcis ຕີ ນຕັ ງ tin tang bge124 2 Uvaria rufa ເຄື ອພີ ້ ພ່ ວນ keuah pii pouan ANNONACEAE ANNONACEAE bge132 2 Uvaria rufa 3 Cleghornia malaccensis 4 Holarrhena curtisii ເຄື ອເອັ ນອ່ ອນ keuah ehn ohn bge128 ANNONACEAE APOCYNACEAE APOCYNACEAE 4 Holarrhena curtisii 5 Begonia sinuata ມູ ກເຕັ້ ຍ mouk tia bge227 ສົ້ ມກົ ບ som kohp bge213 APOCYNACEAE BEGONIACEAE © Bethany Elkington (2020) CC BY-NC 4.0. Licensed works are free to use/share/remix with attribution, but does not permit commercial use of the original work.
    [Show full text]
  • In Vitro Protective Effects of Plants Frequently Used Traditionally in Cancer
    1 In vitro protective effects of plants frequently used traditionally in cancer 2 prevention in Thai traditional medicine: an ethnopharmacological study 3 Natchagorn Lumlerdkija,b , Ranida Boonraka, Suksalin Booranasubkajorna, Pravit 4 Akarasereenonta,c, Michael Heinrichb* 5 a Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol 6 University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand 7 b Research Group Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 8 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK 9 c Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 10 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand 11 *Corresponding author. 12 E-mail address: [email protected] (N. Lumlerdkij), [email protected] (R. 13 Boonrak), [email protected] (S. Booranasubkajorn), [email protected] (P. 14 Akarasereenont), [email protected] (M. Heinrich) 15 Abstract 16 Ethnopharmacological relevance: Thai traditional medicine (TTM) has been used widely in 17 cancer management in Thailand. Although several Thai medicinal plants were screened for 18 pharmacological activities related to cancer treatment, such evidence still suffers from the lack 19 of linking with TTM knowledge. 20 Aim of the study: To document knowledge and species used in cancer prevention in TTM and 21 to preliminary investigate pharmacological activities related to the documented knowledge of 22 twenty-six herbal drugs used in cancer/mareng prevention. 23 Methods: Fieldwork gathering data on TTM concept and herbal medicines used in cancer 24 prevention was performed with TTM practitioners across Thailand. Later, water and ethanol 25 extracts from twenty-six herbal drugs mentioned as being used in cancer prevention were 26 screened for their protective effect against tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced cell death in 27 HepG2 cells.
    [Show full text]
  • Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity of Some Edible Plants
    Tyrosinase inhibitory activity of some edible plants Titima Ketprayoon1, Chanya Chaicharoenpong2,* 1Program of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand 2Institute in Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand *E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Tyrosinase catalyzes melanin biosynthesis that protects the skin from harmful effects of UV radiation. If melanin generates abnormal production, it leads to hyperpigmentation, freckle and blemish. Therefore, tyrosinase inhibitors are used to stop production of melanin. The aim of this work is to evaluate the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of 20 edible plants. Plant material was extracted with methanol and water. Then, the methanol and aqueous crude extracts were tested for their in vitro tyrosinase inhibitory activity using L-DOPA as a substrate. Methanol crude extracts of pod peels of Parkia speciosa Hassk. (Petai) showed the strongest tyrosinase inhibitory activity among the tested plants with percentage of inhibition of 66.22 ± 1.29% at concentration of 1.0 mg/mL compared to positive control of kojic acid (83.46 ± 0.35% inhibition) and arbutin (23.35 ± 0.95% inhibition) at same concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. Further studies are needed to isolate, characterize and elucidate the structure of tyrosinase inhibitors and other medicinal properties of this plant. Introduction Tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) is a multifunctional oxidase that is widely distributed in nature. It is an important enzyme in melanin biosynthesis and is involved in determining the color of mammalian skin.1 Melanin is produced in melanocytes which are found in stratum basale of the epidermis.2 Reaction of tyrosinase is initiated when skin is exposed to UV radiation by the hydroxylation of L-tyrosine to L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), after that L-DOPA is oxidized to DOPAquinone.
    [Show full text]
  • The Business Plan to Create the Australian Savanna Plant Identification System
    The Business Plan To Create The Australian Savanna Plant Identification System This proposal is being submitted on behalf of the project team by the organisation listed below: Australian Tropical Herbarium James Cook University ABN: 462 532 119 55 E2 Building, James Cook University Cairns Campus. P.O. Box 6811 Cairns QLD 4870 Contact: Professor Darren Crayn - Director (ATH) Tel: +61 (0)7 4042 1859 Email: [email protected] ASPIS is a collaborative project involving the following partners: Queensland Herbarium Queensland Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation, and the Arts. Contact: Ms Ailsa Holland - Science Leader Tel: +61 (0)7 38969317 Email: [email protected] Western Australian Herbarium Department of Parks and Wildlife Contact: Dr Kevin Thiele - Curator Tel: +61 (0)8 9219 9128 Email: [email protected] Atlas of Living Australia Contact: Mr Peter Doherty - Program Manager Tel: +61 (0)2 6246 4431 Email: [email protected] Northern Territory Herbarium Department of Land Resource Management Contact: Mr Ian Cowie - Chief Botanist Tel: +61 (0)8 8999 4512 Email: [email protected] Australian National Herbarium Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research CSIRO and Australian Government Department of the Environment. Contact: Mr Jim Croft - Deputy Director, Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research; and Deputy Director, Science and Information, Australian National Botanic Gardens. Tel: +61 (0)2 6246 5500 Email: [email protected] James Cook University Contact: Ms Lorna Hempstead AM - Associate Director, Engagement. Tel: +61 (0)7 4781 4303 Email: [email protected] Title of Project: Australian Savanna Plant Identification System Country and region for implementation: Australia – Northern tropical region Issue the project seeks to address: Access to rapid, cost effective and accurate plant species identification for natural resource management, biodiversity conservation, sustainable development, and research.
    [Show full text]
  • Senegalia Pennata Subsp. Kerrii (I.C
    WATTLE Acacias of Australia Senegalia pennata subsp. kerrii (I.C. Nielsen) Maslin Source: W orldW ideW attle ver. 2. Source: W orldW ideW attle ver. 2. Source: W orldW ideW attle ver. 2. Published at: w w w .w orldw idew attle.com Published at: w w w .w orldw idew attle.com Published at: w w w .w orldw idew attle.com J. & M. Simmons J. & M. Simmons See illustration. Senegalia pennata subsp. kerrii occurrence map. O ccurrence map generated via Atlas of Living Australia (https://w w w .ala.org.au). Common Name Climbing Wattle Family Fabaceae Distribution Found on the tip of Cape York Peninsula, Qld. Also occurs in north-eastern India, Burma, Cambodia, Laos, North and South Vietnam and the Lesser Sunda Islands (Sumbawa and Timor). Description Liane. Branchlets with scattered prickles. Stipules of young leaves enveloping flower buds, broadly ovate and tapering, to 0.9 cm long, conspicuously longitudinally nerved, puberulous, somewhat hooded. Leaves: petiole 2–4 cm long, with a flattened elongated gland situated immediately or shortly above pulvinus; rachis 6–22 cm long, with scattered prickles on lower surface, densely clothed with erect to patent hairs on upper surface (also on pinna-rachis), with a flattened gland present at or near junction of each of top 1–3 pairs of pinnae; pinnae 9–20 pairs; pinnules 25–60 pairs per pinna, obliquely linear-oblong, 3–7 mm long, 0.7–1.5 mm wide, acute, glabrous or ciliate, with midrib excentric basally and nearly central above. Inflorescences capitate, axillary, racemosely or paniculately arranged.
    [Show full text]
  • Synoptic Overview of Acacia Sensu Lato (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) in East and Southeast Asia
    Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 67(1): 231–250. 2015 231 doi: 10.3850/S2382581215000186 Synoptic overview of Acacia sensu lato (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) in East and Southeast Asia B.R. Maslin Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Parks and Wildlife, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 [email protected] Honorary Research Associate Herbarium, Singapore Botanic Gardens, National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore 259569 ABSTRACT. Recent research shows that the formerly broadly circumscribed, pantropical genus Acacia Mill. (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) is polyphyletic and should be treated as comprising at least five genera, namely, Acacia Mill. sensu stricto, Acaciella Britton & Rose, Mariosousa Seigler & Ebinger, Senegalia Raf. and Vachellia Wight & Arn. The indigenous flora of Acacia sensu lato in East and Southeast Asia comprise 52 species: 32 species (38 taxa) of Senegalia, 12 species of Acacia sensu stricto and eight species of Vachellia. These species are listed and their geographic distributions given, showing that Acacia sensu lato is unevenly distributed across the region, with centres of species-richness in Indonesia, Myanmar and Thailand. A summary of the classification history of Acacia sensu lato is provided and nomenclatural impacts of the recent retypification ofAcacia briefly discussed. Keywords. Classification, nomenclature, phylogeny, Senegalia, Vachellia Introduction Molecular and other evidence has shown that the formerly broadly circumscribed, pantropical genus Acacia Mill. (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) is polyphyletic and should be treated as comprising at least five genera, namely,Acacia Mill. sensu stricto, Acaciella Britton & Rose, Mariosousa Seigler & Ebinger, Senegalia Raf. and Vachellia Wight & Arn. (Miller & Seigler, 2012). Collectively, these five genera are called Acacia sensu lato in the discussion below.
    [Show full text]