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NNeewwsslleetttteerr Number 39 December 2013 Newsletter 39 Compiled by Yves Ferrand Coordinator Office national de la chasse et de la faune sauvage Research Department Migratory Birds Unit 39, Bd Albert Einstein CS 42355 44323 Nantes Cedex - France December 2013 This Newsletter is published with financial assistance of Office national de la chasse et de la faune sauvage Compiled by Yves Ferrand Coordinator Office national de la chasse et de la faune sauvage Research Department Migratory Birds Unit 3 , Bd Albert Einstein CS 42355 44323 Nantes Cede) - France December 2013 This Ne.sletter is published .ith financial assistance of Office national de la chasse et de la faune sauvage This Newsletter seeks to be a contact organ to inform the members of the Woodcock and Snipe Specialist Group (WSSG), a research unit of Wetlands International (WI) and of IU N, the International Union for onservation of Nature. The subjects of WSSG are species of the genera Scolopax , Gallinago and Lymnocryptes that in several respects differ remarkably from all other wader species. For this reason a separate research unit was established. ONTENTS Page Editorial )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))...))))))))))))))3 2012 Belarus Woodcock Report ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))...4 E,WA., MONGIN , 0U.I 1OGUTS2I 3 E4ENA ,A5I,0ONO2 New studies of the Great Snipe population in Belarus))))))))))))))))))))))))..6 E,WA., MONGIN , 0U.I 1OGUTS2I 3 E4ENA ,A5I,0ONO2 Woodcock report from Hungar ! Spring 2013 ))))))))))))))))))))))))))...)8 GE.GE40 S 8A440 , 49S:4; S:EMET80 3 NO.1E.T 14EIE. 2013, a good breeding season for Common Snipe in European Russia ))))))))))))))))11 0U.I 0U. 14O28IN 2013 European Russia roding census and Woodcock ringing report )))))))))))))))))16 SE.GEI FO2IN 3 0U.I 14O28IN Observation of roding woodcocks in (habarovsk region and Sakhalin Island ))))))))))))..18 AN,.E0 0U.E5I 8 14O28IN 3 I5AN MI28A04O5I 8 TIUNO5 2012-2013 French Woodcock report )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))).26 F.AN>OIS GOSSMANN , 4AU,INE 1ASTAT , ,AMIEN O.EAU 3 05ES FE..AN, Evaluation of the 2012,13 Woodcock hunting season in France )))))))))))))))))))..29 JEAN AP AU4 1OI,OT 3 G B.A., AU.OUSSEAU 2012-2013 French Snipes report )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))....31 GI44ES 4E.A0 , P AT.I E FB5.IE. 3 05ES FE..AN, -ack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus post nuptial migration in Northern France in earl autumn 2013 ))).40 GU0 AN OD4 O4I5IE. .he Woodcock in mainland Portugal0 results of four hunting seasons monitoring ))))))))))...42 TIAGO M. .O,.IGUES , ,A5I, GON>A45ES , A N,.B 5E.,E 3 MANUE4 .USSO 1 new pro2ect on the wintering ecolog and migrator behaviour of the -ack Snipe 3Lymnocryptes minimus 4 and Common Snipe 3 Gallinago gallinago 4 in southeast Spain ))))...............46 JUAN FE.NAN,E: AE 4IPE .O,.IGUE: , PAU4A MA 8EN 945A.E: , JOSB ANTONIO 1A.1A , F .AN IS O A41E.TO GA. EA ASTE44ANOS , ;S A. A4,EGUE. PE.A4 3 .A0MON, 24AASSEN Recent Woodcock and Snipe publications )))))))))))))))))...))))))))))).48 2 Editorial The publication of the proceedings of our 7 th Woodcock 3 Snipe European workshop was one of the events in 2013 for the WSSG. This is the final point of this workshop which allows everybody to remember important information on our work in the Woodcock 3 Snipe world. A very exciting news published in 2013 is the rediscovery of Moluccan Woodcock Scolopax rochussenii during a French ornithological survey of the Obi archipelago in 2010. This species has not been observed since the beginning of 1980s and is classified as HEndangeredI by IU N and 1ird4ife International. ,uring the expedition, its vocaliJation was registered for the first time and knowledge about its habitats was improved. In addition to usual papers published in the WSSG Newsletters, you will find in this issue two new articles which show the dynamism of biologists involved in Woodcock 3 Snipe research. First, Spanish colleagues have launched a study of migration of ommon Snipe and Jack Snipe using geolocators (G4S). Thirty birds were equipped in 2013 and results are expected in the coming months. Secondly, .ussian colleagues have explored the Woodcock roding behaviour in Sakhalin Island. To my knowledge, it is the first time we get this kind of data at the eastern side of the breeding range, close to the Pacific coast, and their contribution is precious. In the western part of Europe, the major research topic remains the migration of Woodcock thanks to satellite tracking. After a pioneer period instigated by Spanish colleagues, the biologists of the Game onservancy Trust in GreatA1ritain are now the leaders with near 30 tagged birds. One of the main results so far is a higher proportion of Siberian birds than expected among woodcocks wintering in Western Europe. Technological improvements should encourage other countries to participate in this very exciting research field, using also GPS. Finally, I remind you that the whole WSSG NewslettersLcollection is now available on the Wetlands International website at the page of our Specialist Group. It is a great opportunity to have a look on our work carried out during near 40 years. I wish you a very happy New 0ear and much success with your scientific work. 5ves Ferrand Coordinator Office national de la chasse et de la faune sauvage .esearch ,epartment M Migratory 1irds Unit 39, 1d Albert Einstein S 423NN, 44323 Nantes edex A France Telephone O P33 2 N1 2N 07 88; Fax O P33 2 40 48 14 01 E-mail O yves.ferrandRoncfs.gouv.fr The Moluccan Woodcock Scolopax rochussenii , a species recently rediscovered (from La Bécasse des bois Histoire naturelle , Effet de lisière Editeur ; © . Tatre) 3 News from66. BE81R9S 2013 Belarus Woodcock Report EDWARD MONGIN , A B-Birdlife Belarus, Lyn()ova str. 1,A-22, 220104 .ins), Belarus E-mail: edward.m0list.ru YURI BOGUTSKI , Bere1ins)i Biosphere Reserve, 5om1eritsi, 6itebs) Region, Belarus ELENA DAVIDYONOK , A B-Birdlife Belarus, .ins) 8oodcoc) ringing and study of migration were Night ringing trips were carried out 2-4 times conducted in the Bere1ins)i Reserve vicinities per pentad. A high abundance of woodcoc)s from the 23 rd September to the 28 th October. It was recorded during these trips in the fourth is the tenth season of ringing. This autumn was pentad of October (Cigure 1). assage very warm and moderately rainy. Total rainfall dynamics of woodcoc) according to grouped during September October was less than the observations per pentad are presented in Cigure last year quantity (92.4/81.9 mm). The sum of 2. The pea)s of migration were recorded in the minimal temperatures in September and end of September and the fourth pentad of October was significantly higher than in October. Late migration of woodcoc) in the previous years (405/2A9 - 385). Light ground second half of October is probably related to frosts occurred only in the second half of the high temperatures during this month. October. 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 Number of contacts Number 15 10 5 0 21ASep 26ASep 1AOct 6AOct 11AOct 16AOct 21AOct 26AOct Figure 1. Passage dynamics of Woodcock according to records of nocturnal contacts in vicinities of the Berezinsky Reserve in 201 . The black dots indicate days without counts on stationary census plots. This year, 323 contacts were registered during high (,9.A E). Fuveniles of late broods 38 hours and A2 birds were caught. The mean represented 3A.A E of the total Duveniles. .any number of contacts per hour recorded during contacts during the ringing trips and a high the ringing trips was 8.5. It is the highest value proportion of Duveniles probably confirm a for the last 9 years (Cigure 3). The proportion good breeding success. of Duveniles among caught birds was also very 4 2010 2011 2012 2013 30 25 20 Figure 2. Passage 15 dynamics of Woodcock according to records of 10 nocturnal contacts in 2010 - 201 . Data 5 % of mean perperiod 5-da grouped in five-day periods. 0 SepA3 SepA4 SepAN SepA6 OctA1 OctA2 OctA3 OctA4 OctAN OctA6 NovA1 Nov 2 % 2uv n contacts,h 90 9 80 8 70 7 60 6 Figure 3. Annual 50 5 fluctuations of the 40 4 number of contacts per hour during 30 3 ringing trips and 20 2 Ncontacts,hour proportion of 10 1 )uveniles among Proportionof % 2uveniles, 0 0 caught woodcocks. 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Table1. Ringing results collected for the 2004-201 period. 5 This autumn, we ringed 51 woodcoc)s and 8 The noise when wal)ing on dry vegetation and birds ringed this year were retrapped at the high density of feeding birds (up to 25-30 birds same places after 5-29 days. Two birds ringed per 10 ha) sometimes prevented successful in the last year were also retrapped. The trapping. In total, 448 woodcoc)s were ringed catching success rate was only 20.4 E, which during ten years, 2004-2013 (Table 1). Now 42 was less than the last year (28.3E). Trapping recoveries of Belarusian rings have been was conducted on grasslands where vegetation received from Crance (28), Spain (5), Italy (5), and soil were treated with ammonia solution. Great Britain (2), Ireland (1) and Russia (1). New studies of the Great Snipe population in Belarus EDWARD MONGIN , A B-Birdlife Belarus, Lyn()ova str. 1,A-22, 220104 .ins), Belarus E-mail: edward.m0list.ru ELENA DAVIDYONOK , A B-Birdlife Belarus, .ins) The Great Snipe is currently classified as us to significantly eLtend our field studies of HNear ThreatenedI at global level or S EC 1 the species and to develop the National (IUCN 2002; Birdlife International 2004). Conservation Action lan (.ongin 2008, Thus its conservation is among the nature .ongin et al. 2009). The proDect contributed to conservation priorities in Europe.
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  • North Russia: 1918-1919

    North Russia: 1918-1919

    MASTER'S THESIS M-2208 BALDWIN, Robert Cushman THE ALLIED MILITARY EXPEDITION TO NORTH RUSSIA: 1918-1919. The American University, M.A., 1969 History, modern University Microfilms, A XEROX Company , Ann Arbor, Michigan THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. THE ALLIED MILITARY EXPEDITION TO NORTH RUSSIA, 1918-1919 by Robert Cushman Baldwin Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of the American University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in History Signatures of Committee: Chairman, Dean of the Go^ege Date, /. /fJI___ Date,. June 1969 THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY The American University JAN 27 1970 Washington, D. C. W7 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT The Allied military expedition to North Russia in 1918 is an historical event unknown to most Americans. However, Soviet historiography on the subject is extensive and at least one Soviet leader has cited the event as a fundamental cause of the consistently poor relations between the Soviet Union and the Western Powers. This paper seeks to examine the reasons for the expedition and to evaluate its effect. The records of the Supreme War Council of the Allied Powers were examined to determine the military reasons advanced for dispatching the expedition, and the records of the American contingent were reviewed to develop the record of the operations in which it engaged. The conclusion of this thesis is that the Allied anabasis failed to attain any of the diverse objectives set for it and that, because military force was applied without a clear-cut central purpose, the expedition was an utter failure.