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Y-Chromosome and Surname Analyses for Reconstructing Past Population Structures: the Sardinian Population As a Test Case
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Y-chromosome and Surname Analyses for Reconstructing Past Population Structures: The Sardinian Population as a Test Case Viola Grugni 1, Alessandro Raveane 1, Giulia Colombo 1, Carmen Nici 1, Francesca Crobu 1,2, Linda Ongaro 1,3,4, Vincenza Battaglia 1, Daria Sanna 1,5, Nadia Al-Zahery 1, Ornella Fiorani 6, Antonella Lisa 6, Luca Ferretti 1 , Alessandro Achilli 1, Anna Olivieri 1, Paolo Francalacci 7, Alberto Piazza 8, Antonio Torroni 1 and Ornella Semino 1,* 1 Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “L. Spallanzani”, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; [email protected] (V.G.); [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (G.C.); [email protected] (C.N.); [email protected] (F.C.); [email protected] (L.O.); [email protected] (V.B.); [email protected] (D.S.); [email protected] (N.A.-Z.); [email protected] (L.F.); [email protected] (A.A.); [email protected] (A.O.); [email protected] (A.T.) 2 Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 09042 Monserrato, Italy 3 Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia 4 Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia 5 Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy 6 Istituto di Genetica Molecolare “L.L. Cavalli-Sforza”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 27100 Pavia, Italy; fi[email protected] -
Germanic Origins from the Perspective of the Y-Chromosome
Germanic Origins from the Perspective of the Y-Chromosome By Michael Robert St. Clair A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy in German in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Irmengard Rauch, Chair Thomas F. Shannon Montgomery Slatkin Spring 2012 Abstract Germanic Origins from the Perspective of the Y-Chromosome by Michael Robert St. Clair Doctor of Philosophy in German University of California, Berkeley Irmengard Rauch, Chair This dissertation holds that genetic data are a useful tool for evaluating contemporary models of Germanic origins. The Germanic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family and include among their major contemporary representatives English, German, Dutch, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian and Icelandic. Historically, the search for Germanic origins has sought to determine where the Germanic languages evolved, and why the Germanic languages are similar to and different from other European languages. Both archaeological and linguist approaches have been employed in this research direction. The linguistic approach to Germanic origins is split among those who favor the Stammbaum theory and those favoring language contact theory. Stammbaum theory posits that Proto-Germanic separated from an ancestral Indo-European parent language. This theoretical approach accounts for similarities between Germanic and other Indo- European languages by posting a period of mutual development. Germanic innovations, on the other hand, occurred in isolation after separation from the parent language. Language contact theory posits that Proto-Germanic was the product of language convergence and this convergence explains features that Germanic shares with other Indo-European languages. -
Connected Histories: the Dynamics of Bronze Age Interaction and Trade 1500–1100 BC
Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 81, 2015, pp. 361–392 © The Prehistoric Society doi:10.1017/ppr.2015.17 Connected Histories: the Dynamics of Bronze Age Interaction and Trade 1500–1100 BC By KRISTIAN KRISTIANSEN1 and PAULINA SUCHOWSKA-DUCKE2 The Bronze Age was the first epoch in which societies became irreversibly linked in their co-dependence on ores and metallurgical skills that were unevenly distributed in geographical space. Access to these critical resources was secured not only via long-distance physical trade routes, making use of landscape features such as river networks, as well as built roads, but also by creating immaterial social networks, consisting of interpersonal relations and diplomatic alliances, established and maintained through the exchange of extraordinary objects (gifts). In this article, we reason about Bronze Age communication networks and apply the results of use-wear analysis to create robust indicators of the rise and fall of political and commercial networks. In conclusion, we discuss some of the historical forces behind the phenomena and processes observable in the archaeological record of the Bronze Age in Europe and beyond. Keywords: Bronze Age communication networks, agents, temperate Europe, Mediterranean Basin THE EUROPEAN BRONZE AGE AS A COMMUNICATION by small variations in ornaments and weapons NETWORK: HISTORICAL & THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK (Kristiansen 2014). Among the characteristics that might compel archaeo- Initially driven by the necessity to gain access to logists to label the Bronze Age a ‘formative epoch’ in remote resources and technological skills, Bronze Age European history, the density and extent of the era’s societies established communication links that ranged exchange and communication networks should per- from the Baltic to the Mediterranean and from haps be regarded as the most significant. -
Original File Was Neolithicadmixture4.Tex
Supplementary Information: Parallel ancient genomic transects reveal complex population history of early European farmers Table of Contents Supplementary note 1: Archaeological summary of the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods in the region of today’s Hungary………………………………………………………………………....2 Supplementary note 2: Description of archaeological sites………………………………………..8 Supplementary note 3: Y chromosomal data……………………………………………………...45 Supplementary note 4: Neolithic Anatolians as a surrogate for first European farmers..………...65 Supplementary note 5: WHG genetic structure and admixture……………………………….......68 Supplementary note 6: f-statistics and admixture graphs………………………………………....72 Supplementary note 7: ALDER.....……..…………………………………………………...........79 Supplementary note 8: Simulations……………………………………………….…...................83 1 Supplementary note 1: Archaeological summary of the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods in the region of today’s Hungary The Carpathian Basin (including the reagion of today’s Hungary) played a prominent role in all prehistoric periods: it was the core territory of one cultural complex and, at the same time, the periphery of another, and it also acted as a mediating or contact zone. The archaeological record thus preserves evidence of contacts with diverse regions, whose vestiges can be found on settlements and in the cemeteries (grave inventories) as well. The earliest farmers arrived in the Carpathian Basin from southeastern Europe ca. 6000–5800 BCE and they culturally belonged to the Körös-Çris (east) and Starčevo (west) archaeological formations [1, 2, 3, 4]. They probably encountered some hunter-gatherer groups in the Carpathian Basin, whose archaeological traces are still scarce [5], and bioarchaeological remains are almost unknown from Hungary. The farmer communities east (Alföld) and west (Transdanubia) of the Danube River developed in parallel, giving rise around 5600/5400 BCE to a number of cultural groups of the Linearband Ceramic (LBK) culture [6, 7, 8]. -
Black Sea-Caspian Steppe: Natural Conditions 20 1.1 the Great Steppe
The Pechenegs: Nomads in the Political and Cultural Landscape of Medieval Europe East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450–1450 General Editors Florin Curta and Dušan Zupka volume 74 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/ecee The Pechenegs: Nomads in the Political and Cultural Landscape of Medieval Europe By Aleksander Paroń Translated by Thomas Anessi LEIDEN | BOSTON This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s) and source are credited. Further information and the complete license text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ The terms of the CC license apply only to the original material. The use of material from other sources (indicated by a reference) such as diagrams, illustrations, photos and text samples may require further permission from the respective copyright holder. Publication of the presented monograph has been subsidized by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education within the National Programme for the Development of Humanities, Modul Universalia 2.1. Research grant no. 0046/NPRH/H21/84/2017. National Programme for the Development of Humanities Cover illustration: Pechenegs slaughter prince Sviatoslav Igorevich and his “Scythians”. The Madrid manuscript of the Synopsis of Histories by John Skylitzes. Miniature 445, 175r, top. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. Proofreading by Philip E. Steele The Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available online at http://catalog.loc.gov LC record available at http://catalog.loc.gov/2021015848 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. -
Qualitative Changes in Ethno-Linguistic Status : a Case Study of the Sorbs in Germany
Qualitative Changes in Ethno-linguistic Status: A Case Study of the Sorbs in Germany by Ted Cicholi RN (Psych.), MA. Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Political Science School of Government 22 September 2004 Disclaimer Although every effort has been taken to ensure that all Hyperlinks to the Internet Web sites cited in this dissertation are correct at the time of writing, no responsibility can be taken for any changes to these URL addresses. This may change the format as being either underlined, or without underlining. Due to the fickle nature of the Internet at times, some addresses may not be found after the initial publication of an article. For instance, some confusion may arise when an article address changes from "front page", such as in newspaper sites, to an archive listing. This dissertation has employed the Australian English version of spelling but, where other works have been cited, the original spelling has been maintained. It should be borne in mind that there are a number of peculiarities found in United States English and Australian English, particular in the spelling of a number of words. Interestingly, not all errors or irregularities are corrected by software such as Word 'Spelling and Grammar Check' programme. Finally, it was not possible to insert all the accents found in other languages and some formatting irregularities were beyond the control of the author. Declaration This dissertation does not contain any material which has been accepted for the award of any other higher degree or graduate diploma in any tertiary institution. -
The Archaeology of the Prussian Crusade
Downloaded by [University of Wisconsin - Madison] at 05:00 18 January 2017 THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE PRUSSIAN CRUSADE The Archaeology of the Prussian Crusade explores the archaeology and material culture of the Crusade against the Prussian tribes in the thirteenth century, and the subsequent society created by the Teutonic Order that lasted into the six- teenth century. It provides the first synthesis of the material culture of a unique crusading society created in the south-eastern Baltic region over the course of the thirteenth century. It encompasses the full range of archaeological data, from standing buildings through to artefacts and ecofacts, integrated with writ- ten and artistic sources. The work is sub-divided into broadly chronological themes, beginning with a historical outline, exploring the settlements, castles, towns and landscapes of the Teutonic Order’s theocratic state and concluding with the role of the reconstructed and ruined monuments of medieval Prussia in the modern world in the context of modern Polish culture. This is the first work on the archaeology of medieval Prussia in any lan- guage, and is intended as a comprehensive introduction to a period and area of growing interest. This book represents an important contribution to promot- ing international awareness of the cultural heritage of the Baltic region, which has been rapidly increasing over the last few decades. Aleksander Pluskowski is a lecturer in Medieval Archaeology at the University of Reading. Downloaded by [University of Wisconsin - Madison] at 05:00 -
The Vogelbarke of Medinet Habu
THE VOGELBARKE OF MEDINET HABU A Thesis by KRISTIN ROMEY Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS December 2003 Major Subject: Anthropology THE VOGELBARKE OF MEDINET HABU A Thesis by KRISTIN ROMEY Submitted to Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Approved as to style and content by: ______________________________ ______________________________ Shelley Wachsmann Luis Vieira-De-Castro (Chair of Committee) (Member) ______________________________ ______________________________ Christoph Konrad David Carlson (Member) (Head of Department) December 2003 Major Subject: Anthropology iii ABSTRACT The Vogelbarke of Medinet Habu. (December 2003) Kristin Romey, A.B., Vassar College Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Shelley Wachsmann The Sea Peoples are generally assumed to be a loose confederation of clans that first appeared in the historical record in the 14th century B.C.E. Over a century of scholarship has puzzled over whether they were responsible for the collapse of several Late Bronze Age civilizations or simply one of several catalysts that put that collapse in motion. Many attempts have also been made to determine the origins of the various groups of Sea Peoples using textual and iconographic evidence, as well as the material culture of the Sea Peoples identified in Cyprus and the Levant. This material culture is characterized foremost by locally made Mycenaean-style pottery; as such, a considerable Aegean or Mycenaean presence has been argued in the multi-ethnic Sea Peoples coalition. The most important visual record that survives of the Sea People documents a land and sea battle against the forces of Ramesses III in the early 12th century B.C.E. -
Piotr Preis, Izmail Sreznevskii, and Kashubia
Title Piotr Preis, Izmail Sreznevskii, and Kashubia Author(s) Treder, Jerzy スラブ・ユーラシア研究報告集, 3, 145-166 Citation Россия и русские глазами инославянских народов : язык, литература, культура 1. [野町素己編集] Issue Date 2010-12 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/47693 Type bulletin (article) Note ISBN: 9784938637576; Приложение 1 File Information SEP3_007.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP Приложение 1 Piotr Preis, Izmail Sreznevskii, and Kashubia Jerzy Treder The Russian interest in Kashubia coincided with the publication of an account of a journey to Prussia, Russia, and Poland (1777–1778) by Bernoulli, a Swiss, who described, among other things, the Kashubian village of Szczepkowice, situated to the south of Łebsko Lake, also char- acterizing the linguistic situation.1 This could have had an impact on the edition of the St. Petersburg dictionary Сравнительные словари всех языков и наречий (1787–1789), which took into account and included the Kashubian vocabulary gathered from the Kashubians of that region.2 1 J. Treder, Kontakty naukowe Floriana Ceynowy z Rosjanami, in Słownik Floriana Ceynowy (Biblioteka Kaszubska, Wejherowo 2001), p. 11. 2 H. Popowska-Taborska, Słownictwo kaszubskie w osiemnastowiecznych porównawczych słownikach Europy i Azji, “Rocznik Slawistyczny” XLIX z. 1 (1994), pp. 41–46; H. Popowska-Taborska, Raz jeszcze o materiałach kaszub- skich in “Słownikach porównawczych języków i narzeczy Europy i Azji,” “Rocz. Gd.” LVIII/1 (1998), pp. 163–171; А. Д. Дуличенко, Из архивных кашубо- логических находок в России: первая рукописная кашубская грамматика и другие документы XVIII–XIX вв., in Badania kaszuboznawcze w XX wieku. Material pokonferencyjny eds. J. -
PS T5 Druk Cyfrowy Ksiega 1.Indb 122 23.02.2017 11:25 C 3
PS T5_druk cyfrowy_ksiega 1.indb 122 23.02.2017 11:25 C 3 From a tribe to a state The archaeology of the early Middle Ages in the interior area between the Odra and Bug rivers – the so-called “tribal period” 124 Abstract 125 1. Introduction 130 2. The natural environment 132 3. The landscape of settlement 148 4. The economic landscape 153 5. The symbolic landscape 162 6. Conclusion 164 Bibliography PS T5_druk cyfrowy_ksiega 1.indb 123 23.02.2017 11:25 C 3 F©Ó° ¬ ѩ϶ª ÑÓ ¬ ²Ñ¬Ñª Abstract The present chapter is devoted to presenting the complexity of research issues related to the communities which inhabited Polish territory during the so-called tribal period (between the 7th and the middle of the 10th century AD). Despite long years of study, the most elementary questions remain unan- swered – as a result of the scarcity of material traces of the said communities and due to the changing nature of scholarly interest or the lack of enthusiasm for studying subjects beyond so-called tribal geography. The introduction presents the currently available data which may be used in the reconstruction of the natural en- vironment in the area in question, emphasizing the impact it may have had on the stability and structure of settlements. The following subchapter focuses on the forms of architec- ture and the often discussed issue of the possibly seasonal nature of the structures. A separate subsection discusses defensive structures which began to appear at the end of the period under analysis. It also takes note of the structural S³¬´Ó°Ï© MÓ;Ö¯ÏÓ®× dierences between the strongholds erected in south-eastern and in north-western regions of Polish territory, emphasiz- ing the ongoing discussion regarding the function of these structures, which indubitably went beyond strictly defensive purposes. -
Językowe Pogranicza Polszczyzny
Gwary Dziś – vol. 9 – 2017, s. 85–158 DOI 10.14746/gd.2017.9.7 ISSN 1898-9276 Leszek Bednarczuk Akademia Polonijna w Częstochowie [email protected]* Językowe pogranicza polszczyzny Abstrakt: WPROWADZENIE A. POGRANICZE PÓŁNOCNO-WSCHODNIE 0. UWAGI WSTĘPNE I. KALENDARIUM WIELKIEGO KSIĘSTWA LITEWSKIEGO (WKL) II. WSPÓLNOTA KOMUNIKATYWNA WKL III. JĘZYK LITEWSKI IV. JĘZYK BIAŁORUSKI V. PIŚMIENNICTWO POLSKIE NA ZIEMIACH WKL VI. CECHY WSPÓLNE PÓŁNOCNO-WSCHODNIEJ POLSZCZYZNY VII. ZRÓŻNICOWANIE TERYTORIALNE PÓŁNOCNO-WSCHODNIEJ POLSZCZYZNY 1.Wileńszczyzna, 2.Kowieńszczyzna, 3. Suwalszczyzna, 4. Podlasie – Grodzieńszczyzna, 5. Polesie, 6. Nowogródczyzna, 7. Mińsk – Bobrujsk, 8. Mohylew – Witebsk – Połock, 9. Smoleńsk, 10. Inflanty – Łotwa VIII.UWAGI KOŃCOWE B. POGRANICZE POŁUDNIOWO-WSCHODNIE 0. UWAGI WSTĘPNE I. KALENDARIUM KONTAKTÓW POLSKO-RUSKICH II. INNOWACJE JĘZYKA UKRAIŃSKIEGO 1.Nazwa Ukraina, Ukrainiec, 2. Związki językowe ukraińsko-białoruskie, 3. Dialekty ukraińskie a południowo-wschodnia polszczyzna III. PIŚMIENNICTWO POLSKIE NA ZIEMIACH RUSKICH RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ IV. CECHY WSPÓLNE POŁUDNIOWO-WSCHODNIEJ POLSZCZYZNY V. ZRÓŻNICOWANIE TERYTORIALNE POŁUDNIOWO-WSCHODNIEJ POLSZCZYZNY 1. Ruś Czerwona, 2. Wołyń, 3. Podole – Huculszczyzna, 4. Podnieprze, 5. Bukowina – Mołdawia VI. UWAGI KOŃCOWE C. POGRANICZE POŁUDNIOWE 0. UWGI WSTĘPNE I. DOLNY I GÓRNY ŚLĄSK II. CIESZYŃSKIE – JABŁONKOWSKIE – CZADECKIE III. MAŁOPOLSKA POŁUDNIOWA 1. Żywieckie – Orawa, 2. Podhale, 3. Spisz – Pieniny – Gorce, 4. Muszyna – Tylicz, 5. Sądecczyzna, * Na życzenie Autora podajemy adres mailowy Redakcji; podobnie na życzenie Autora abstrakt polski ma postać spisu treści. Redakcja uznała, że ułatwi to Czytelnikowi orientację w tym dość obszernym tekście. 86 LESZEK BEDNARCZUK 6. Podkarpacie IV. NAWIĄZANIA WSCHODNIOSŁOWACKIE V. UWAGI KOŃCOWE Bibliografia, Wykaz skrótów Słowa kluczowe: interferencja, kresy, pogranicza, peryferie, substrat Abstract: The border areas of the polish language. A. -
Pedigree of the Wilson Family N O P
Pedigree of the Wilson Family N O P Namur** . NOP-1 Pegonitissa . NOP-203 Namur** . NOP-6 Pelaez** . NOP-205 Nantes** . NOP-10 Pembridge . NOP-208 Naples** . NOP-13 Peninton . NOP-210 Naples*** . NOP-16 Penthievre**. NOP-212 Narbonne** . NOP-27 Peplesham . NOP-217 Navarre*** . NOP-30 Perche** . NOP-220 Navarre*** . NOP-40 Percy** . NOP-224 Neuchatel** . NOP-51 Percy** . NOP-236 Neufmarche** . NOP-55 Periton . NOP-244 Nevers**. NOP-66 Pershale . NOP-246 Nevil . NOP-68 Pettendorf* . NOP-248 Neville** . NOP-70 Peverel . NOP-251 Neville** . NOP-78 Peverel . NOP-253 Noel* . NOP-84 Peverel . NOP-255 Nordmark . NOP-89 Pichard . NOP-257 Normandy** . NOP-92 Picot . NOP-259 Northeim**. NOP-96 Picquigny . NOP-261 Northumberland/Northumbria** . NOP-100 Pierrepont . NOP-263 Norton . NOP-103 Pigot . NOP-266 Norwood** . NOP-105 Plaiz . NOP-268 Nottingham . NOP-112 Plantagenet*** . NOP-270 Noyers** . NOP-114 Plantagenet** . NOP-288 Nullenburg . NOP-117 Plessis . NOP-295 Nunwicke . NOP-119 Poland*** . NOP-297 Olafsdotter*** . NOP-121 Pole*** . NOP-356 Olofsdottir*** . NOP-142 Pollington . NOP-360 O’Neill*** . NOP-148 Polotsk** . NOP-363 Orleans*** . NOP-153 Ponthieu . NOP-366 Orreby . NOP-157 Porhoet** . NOP-368 Osborn . NOP-160 Port . NOP-372 Ostmark** . NOP-163 Port* . NOP-374 O’Toole*** . NOP-166 Portugal*** . NOP-376 Ovequiz . NOP-173 Poynings . NOP-387 Oviedo* . NOP-175 Prendergast** . NOP-390 Oxton . NOP-178 Prescott . NOP-394 Pamplona . NOP-180 Preuilly . NOP-396 Pantolph . NOP-183 Provence*** . NOP-398 Paris*** . NOP-185 Provence** . NOP-400 Paris** . NOP-187 Provence** . NOP-406 Pateshull . NOP-189 Purefoy/Purifoy . NOP-410 Paunton . NOP-191 Pusterthal .