DOCSLIB.ORG

@ @ ) Pistacia Atlantica (

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
@ @ ) Pistacia Atlantica ( 67 ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎي زاﮔﺮس / ﺳﺎل ﺳﻮم / ﺷﻤﺎره دوم / 1395 ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎك روﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﺑﻨﻪ ( Pistacia atlantica ) اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﻧﺠﺎﺑﺖ * ، ﻣﺤﻤﺪرﺿﺎ ﻧﮕﻬﺪار ﺻﺎﺑﺮ ا ﺳﺘﺎد ﻳﺎر ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت و آﻣﻮزش ﻛﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻓﺎرس ، ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﻳﺞ ﻛﺸﺎورزي، وزارت ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي * ﭘﺴﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻚ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪه ﻣﺴﺌﻮل : [email protected] درﻳﺎﻓﺖ : 19/02/ 1395 ﭘﺬﻳﺮش : 11/26/ 1395 ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ و ﻫﺪف: آﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺧﺎﻛﻲ روﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﭘﺴﺘﻪ وﺣﺸﻲ ( ﺑﻨﻪ ) اﻣﺮي ﻻزم ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ آن و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ ﺟﻨﮕﻠﻲ زاﮔﺮس اﺳﺖ . ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻛﺸﻨ ﺎﺳﻲ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﮔﺎه ﻫﺎي ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺑﻨﻪ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم رﺳﻴﺪ . ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: ﻣﺒﻨﺎي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﻜﺎن ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس روش ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺑﻮد. ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﻨﻪ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس، ﺷﺒﻜﻪ آﻣﺎرﺑﺮداري ﺑﻪ اﺑﻌﺎد 20×20 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ آن اﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺷﺪ. در ﻣﺤﻞ رﺋﻮس ﺷﺒﻜﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﻴﺪاﻧﻲ و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳ ﻲ ﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺖ . ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: اﻳﻦ روﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ در اراﺿﻲ ﻛﻮﻫﺴﺘﺎﻧﻲ و ﺗﭙﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻮري ﭘﺮﺷﻴﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺮون زدﮔﻲ ﺳﻨﮕﻲ، ﺳﻨﮓ و ﻗﻠﻮه ﺳﻨﮓ زﻳﺎد و ﻋﻤﻖ ﺧﺎك ﻛﻢ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ آﺑﻲ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﺎ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻨﺪ . ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ 11 وﻳﮋﮔﻲ اﺻﻠﻲ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ و ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺧﺎك ﻫﺎي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﻖ ﻛﻢ ﺧﺎك و ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺳﺒﻚ اﻛﺜﺮ ﺧﺎك ﻫﺎي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮيﺷﺪه، ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﺪودﻛﻨﻨﺪه رﺷﺪ اﺳﺖ . اﻣﻜﺎن ذﺧﻴﺮه رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ( ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺑﺎران ) در اﻳﻦ اراﺿﻲ ﻛﻢ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺬر از دور ه ﻫﺎي ﺧﺸﻚ ﺳﺎﻟﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻓﻮاﺻﻞ زﻣﺎﻧﻲ زﻳﺎد ﺧﺸﻜﻲ ( ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﺎران) را ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﻣ ﻲ ﺳﺎزد . ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻫﺎي آﻣﺎري ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس روشﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ ( PCA) و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺧﻮﺷﻪاي ( CA ) ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣ ﻲ دﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات و ﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎك ﺣﺘﻲ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪود 40 % اﻓﺘﺮاق در ﺑﺮﺧﻲ از ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﺪه، ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ وﻳﮋ ه اي ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻀﻮر ﺑﻨﻪ در ﻋﺮﺻﻪ اﻳﺠﺎد ﻧﻤﻲﻛﻨﺪ. از ﻧﻈﺮ اﻛﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ Pistacia atlantica ﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺎه ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎً ﺧﺸﻜ ﻲ ﭘﺴﻨﺪ اﺳﺖ . ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ (زﻧﺪ هﻣﺎﻧﻲ ) در داﻣﻨﻪ وﺳﻴﻌﻲ از ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺧﺎﻛﻲ، ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﻴﺖ آن ﺑﺮاي اﺣﻴﺎء ﺟﻨﮕﻞﻫﺎي زاﮔﺮس را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣ ﻲ دﻫﺪ. ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي: ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ اراﺿﻲ ( ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﻳﺰي ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي اراﺿﻲ ) و ﭼﺮا، ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت آﺑﺨﻴﺰداري ﺑﺎ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﺧﺎك ﻣﻮﺟﻮد، ﻣ ﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ روﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﺑﻨﻪ، ﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﺣﻔﻆ و ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎي زاﮔﺮس ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. واژ ه ﻫﺎي ﻛﻠﻴﺪي : ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﻲ، ﺧﺎك ﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﮕﻠﻲ، ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ و ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺧﺎك، ﺧﺸﻚ ﺳﺎﻟﻲ، زاﮔﺮس ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻣﺘﺠﺎوز ﺑـﻮده و ﮔﻮﻧـ ﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺑـﻮﻣﻲ زﻳـﺎدي در آن دﻳـﺪه ﻣﻨﻄﻘــﻪ روﻳﺸــﻲ زاﮔــﺮس ﺑــﺎ وﺳــﻌﺖ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒــﻲ ﻣ ﻲ ﺷﻮد ( ﺛﺎﺑﺘﻲ، 1372 ). ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﭘﺴﺘﻪ وﺣﺸﻲ ( Pistacia 3362000 ﻫﻜﺘﺎر، ﭼﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﻤﻲ و ﭼﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﻴﻔﻲ، atlantica ) ﻳﻜــﻲ از ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺳــﻄﻮح ﺟﻨﮕﻠــﻲ اﻳــﻦ دوﻣﻴﻦ روﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﺟﻨﮕﻠـ ﻲ ﻣﻬـ ﻢ ﻛﺸـﻮ ر (ﺑﻌـﺪ از ﻣﻨﻄﻘـ ﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داده و از ارﺗﻔـﺎع 1000 ﺗـﺎ ﺷﻤﺎل ) ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣ ﻲﺷﻮد. اﻳﻦ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺟﻨﮕﻠﻲ از اﺳـﺘﺎن 2300 ﻣﺘﺮ از ﺳﻄﺢ درﻳﺎ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش دارد . ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎي اﻳﻦ آذرﺑﺎﻳﺠﺎن ﻏﺮﺑﻲ ﺷﺮوع و ﺗـ ﺎ اﺳـﺘﺎن ﻓـﺎرس اداﻣـﻪ ﭘﻴـﺪا ﻣﻨﻄﻘــﻪ در اﺛــﺮ دﺧــﻞ و ﺗﺼــﺮف ﻫــﺎي زﻳــﺎد ﻧﺎﺷــﻲ از ﻣ ﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ . ﺗﻌﺪاد درﺧﺘﺎن و درﺧﺘﭽﻪ ﻫﺎي آن از 200 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري ﻫﺎي ﺑﻲ روﻳﻪ و ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮي اراﺿﻲ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ 68 ﻧﺠﺎﺑﺖ و ﻧﮕﻬﺪار ﺻﺎﺑﺮ : ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎك روﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﺑﻨﻪ ... ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺒــﻲ ﺑﺴــﻴﺎر ﻧﮕــﺮان ﻛﻨﻨــﺪه اي دارد ( ﻋﻠــﻲ اوﻻد و ﺷﻜﻞ ﻛﭙﻪ اي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪ ه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮد ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻫﻤﻜﺎران، 1386 .) اﺳـﺘﺎن ﻓـﺎرس ﺑـ ﻪﻋﻨـﻮا ن ﺑﺨﺸـﻲ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ در اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺑﻨﻪ اﺳﺖ ( ﺻﻔﺮي و رﺷــﺘﻪ ﻛــﻮهﻫــﺎي زاﮔــﺮس (زاﮔــﺮس ﺟﻨــﻮﺑﻲ)، ﻳﻜــﻲ از ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ، 1389) . رو ﻳﺸــﮕﺎه ﻫــﺎي اﺻــﻠﻲ ﺑﻨــﻪ در ﻛﺸــﻮر اﺳــ ﺖ . ﺗﻨــﻮع ﺑﺮرﺳ ﻲ ﻫﺎي ﻧﮕﻬﺪار ﺻﺎﺑﺮ و ﻋﺒﺎﺳﻲ ( 1391 ) در روﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﺴﺘﻪ وﺣﺸﻲ در اﺳـﺘ ﺎن ﻓـﺎرس اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس و زﻧﮕﻨﻪ ( 1380 ) در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻗﻼﺟ ﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎد اﺳﺖ و اﻳﻦ ﺗﻨﻮع ﺑﻪ وﻳﮋه ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗـﺄﺛ ﻴﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣـﻞ ﻛﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ در ﺷﻴﺐ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ و اﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ، ﺧﺎﻛﻲ و ژﺋﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟـﻮژ ي اﺳـﺖ ، ﺑـﻪ ﻧﺤـﻮي ﻛـﻪ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ روﻳﺶ ﺑﻨﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از ﺷﻴ ﺐ ﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﻮده ﺑــﻴﺶ از 40 ﺗﺮﻛﻴــﺐ روﻳﺸــﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠــﻒ در ﺧﺼــﻮص اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻲ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ و ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﺴﺘﻪ وﺣﺸﻲ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ داده ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ ﺧﺎك در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ از ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎي زاﮔﺮس، در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﻴﭗ ﻋﻤـﺪ ه ﻛـﻴﻜ ﻢ - ﺑﻨـ ﻪ، ﺗﻴـﭗ ﺑـﺎدا م - ﭘﺴـﺘﻪ ﺗﻴﭗ ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﮕﻦ و وﺣﺸﻲ، ﺗﻴﭗ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﭘﺴﺘﻪ وﺣﺸﻲ و ﺗﻴ ﭗ ﺑﻠﻮط - ﺑﻨﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﺧﺎك ﺗﻌﻴﻴ ﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮد ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ( ﻧﮕﻬﺪارﺻﺎﺑﺮ و ﻓﺘﺎﺣﻲ، 1380 .) ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﻴﻦ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ و ﻧﻮع ﺧﺎك ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اﺳﺖ روﻳ ﺸﮕﺎه ﻫـ ﺎي ﺑﻨـﻪ در دو ﺳـﻮ م ﻣﻨـﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮﻛـﺰي و ( ﻛﺎردﮔﺮ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران، 1390 .) ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺟﻨﮕﻠﻲ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ اﺳـﺘﺎن ﻓـﺎرس ﭘﺮاﻛﻨـﺪﮔﻲ داﺷـﺘﻪ و ﻣﻌﻤـﻮﻻً در ﺑ ﻪو ﻳﮋه ﺑﻨﻪ و ﺑﻠﻮط، ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻻزم ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ اﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻧﻴﻤﻪﺧﺸﻚ ﺳـﺮد، ﺧﺸـﻚ ﺑﻴﺎﺑـﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻌﺘـﺪل و ﺗﺄﺛ ﻴﺮﮔﺬار ﺑﺮ رﺷﺪ و ﻧﻤﻮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﮕﻠﻲ را اﻟﺰاﻣﻲ ﻧﻴﻤــ ﻪﺧﺸــﻚ ﻣﻌﺘــﺪل ﻣﺸــﺎﻫﺪه ﻣــﻲﺷــﻮﻧﺪ . ﭘــﺎره اي از ﻣ ﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ . ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎي ﺻﺎﻟﺤﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ( 1384) و وﻳﮋﮔ ﻲﻫﺎي زﻣﻴﻦ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ز اﮔﺮس ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻣﺤﻤﻮدي و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ( 1384) ﻛﻪ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨ ﻲ داري ﺣﻀﻮر ﺳﺎزﻧﺪﻫﺎي آﻫﻜﻲ (ﺑﻪ وﻳـ ﮋه آﺳـﻤﺎر ي ) اﺳـﺖ ﻛـﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي اﻛﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ درﺧﺘﺎن و ﮔﺮوه ﺑﻨﺪي ﺧﺎكﻫﺎ رﺧﺴﺎره ﻫﺎي وﻳـﮋه رﺳـﻮﺑﻲ در آن اﻧﺒﺎﺷـﺘﻪ ﺷـﺪه اﺳـ ﺖ وﺟﻮد دارد . ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺻﺎﻟﺤﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ( اﻣﻴﺮي، 1378 ). ( 1390 ) ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﺎﻛﻲ از ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ و ﮔﻮﻧـــﻪﻫـــﺎي ﭘﺴـــﺘﻪ وﺣﺸـــﻲ، ﺑﻨـــﻪ ( atlantica ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺧﺎك ﺑﺮ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻛﻤﻲ درﺧﺘﺎن ﺟﻨﮕﻠﻲ Pistacia) و ﻛﻠﺨﻮﻧـــــﮓ ( Pistica khinjuk) ، از زاﮔﺮس اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮي ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﺧﺎك و ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺸﻜﻲ ﭘﺴﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ روﻳﺸـﻲ اﻳـﺮان و ﺗـﻮراﻧﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻛﻤﻲ درﺧﺘﺎن از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ درﺻﺪ ﺗﺎج ﭘﻮﺷﺶ، اﺳﺖ . ﻛﻤﻲ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺑﺎران و ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ ﺑـﻮدن ﻓﺼـﻞ ﺧﺸـﻚ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮﺳﻴﻨﻪ و ارﺗﻔﺎع درﺧﺘﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ آﻟﻲ، ﻓﺴﻔﺮ و ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً اﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴـﻪ را از ﺳـﺎﻳﺮ ﻧـﻮاﺣ ﻲ زاﮔـﺮ س ﻣﺘﻤـ ﺎﻳﺰ ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن ﺧﺎك ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﺑﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ C/N و ﻣ ﻲ ﺳﺎزد . از ﻧﻈـﺮ اﻛﻮﻟﻮژﻳـﻚ P. atlantica ﻳـﻚ ﮔﻴـﺎه ﺟﺮم ﻣﺨﺼﻮص ﻇﺎﻫﺮي ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ دارد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎً ﺧﺸﻜﻲ ﭘﺴﻨﺪ اﺳﺖ . در ﺟﻨﻮب ﻏﺮب آﺳـﻴﺎ اﻳـﻦ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ رﻳﺰي اﺻﻮﻟﻲ اﺣﻴﺎء اﻳﻦ ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻳـﻚ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﭼﻴـﺮه، ﭘﻮﺷـﺶ ﻋﻤـﺪه اﺧﺬ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﭘﺎﻳﻪ و ﺑﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎم از اﻳﻦ ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻃﺒﻴﻌ ﻲ ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻨﻚ را ﺗﺸـﻜﻴﻞ داده و در اراﺿـﻲ ﺟﻨﮕﻠـﻲ دارد . ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎك ( ﺑﺴﺘﺮ رو ﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﻨﻪ ) ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻳﺠﺎد ﺷﺒﻪ ﺳـﺎوان ﻣـ ﻲﺷـﻮد و ﺣﺘـﻲ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﻨـﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻜﺎن ﻫﺎي ﺣﻀﻮر ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺑﻨﻪ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس و ﺧﺸﻚ ﺗﺮ ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﺑـﺎﻧﻲ ﻧﻴـﺰ ﻧﻔـﻮذ ﻣـ ﻲﻛﻨـ ﺪ . در ﻣﻨـﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﺪودﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺧﺎﻛﻲ، از اﻫﺪاف اﺻﻠﻲ ﻣﺪﻳﺘﺮاﻧـــﻪ اي P. atlantica ﻏﺎﻟﺒـــﺎً ﻣـــﺮز ﺣﺎﺷـــﻴﻪ اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻧﻴﺎز ﺑﺨﺶ اﺟﺮا در ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ رﺳﺘﻨﻲ ﻫـﺎي ﻣﺪﻳﺘﺮاﻧـ ﻪ اي ﺑـﻪ ﺳـﻤ ﺖ ﺑﻴﺎﺑـﺎن را اﺷـﻐﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺸﺖ و ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣ ﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ( Zohary, 1996 ). را ﺑﺎ دﻗﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ . ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﮕﻮي ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻨﻪ در ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎي زاﮔﺮس از ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ اي اﺑﺮﻫﺎرت و ﻫﻴﻨﺰ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه و اﻟﮕﻮي ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻨﻪ ﺑﻪ 69 ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎي زاﮔﺮس / ﺳﺎل ﺳﻮم / ﺷﻤﺎره دوم / 1395 ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺧﺎك ( درﺻﺪ ذرات ﺷﻦ، ﻻي و رس ) ﺑﻪ روش اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺘﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﺑﺮ Gee 124000 و Bauder (1986 ) ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ . ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛ ﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ در ﻃﻮل ﺷﺮﻗﻲ`37 و ْ 50 ﺗﺎ´ 40 و ْ 55، درﺻﺪ ﻛﺮﺑﻦ آﻟﻲ و ﻣﺎده آﻟﻲ ﺧﺎك از روش ﻋﺮض ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ´7 و 27 ﺗﺎ´45 و ْ 31 و ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﺳﻴﻮن دي ﻛﺮوﻣﺎت اﺳﺘ ﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ ( & Nelson 1491 ﻣﺘﺮي از ﺳﻄﺢ درﻳﺎ در ﺟﻨﻮب اﻳﺮان ﻗﺮار دارد Somners, 1996 ) . اﺳﻴﺪﻳﺘﻪ ﺧﺎك ﺑﺎ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه pH ﻣﺘﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ اﻋﻈﻢ آن را ﻓﻼت ﻛﻮﻫﺴﺘﺎﻧﻲ و ﺗﭙﻪاي زاﮔﺮس در ﮔﻞ اﺷﺒﺎع، درﺻﺪ اﺷﺒﺎع ﺧﺎك از آب ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ و ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ روﻳ ﺸﻲ اﻳﺮان و ﺗﻮراﻧﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد . ﺧﺸﻚ ﻛﺮدن ﮔﻞ اﺷﺒﺎع ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه در آون و ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﺑ ﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎك در ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﻫﺎي اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ( EC ) ﺧﺎك ﻫﺎ در ﻋﺼﺎره ي اﺷﺒﺎع آن ﻫﺎ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺑﻨﻪ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس اﺑﺘﺪا ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎي ﺑ ﻪ وﺳ ﻴﻠﻪ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﺳﻨﺞ و ﺑﻪ روش Rhoades ﺑﻨﻪ ( ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ ) در اﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه ( 1996) ا ﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي و ﮔ ﺰارش ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ . ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ اداره ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ و آﺑﺨﻴﺰداري ﻓﺎرس ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ و ﻣﻨﻴﺰﻳﻮم در ﻋﺼﺎره ي ﮔﻞ اﺷﺒﺎع ﺑﻪ روش ( ﻣﻘﻴﺎس 1:250000) ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺪ. ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ي ﺗﻴﺘﺮاﺳﻴﻮن ﺑﺎ EDTA 0.02 N ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم رﺳﻴﺪ . ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻨ ﻪ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس ﺑﻴﺶ از Sumners, 1996) 120.000) درﺻﺪ ﻛﺮﺑﻨﺎت ﻛﻠﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﻌﺎدل و ﻫﻜﺘﺎر ( 10 % ﺳﻄﺢ اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس ) اﺳﺖ . ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺑﻲ ﻛﺮﺑﻨﺎت ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ روش ﺧﻨﺜﻲ ﺳﺎزي اﺳﻴﺪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ از روش ﺷــﺒﻜﻪ آﻣــﺎرﺑﺮداري ﺗﺼــﺎدﻓﻲ ﺷﺪ (Leoppert & Suarez, 1996) . ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ( ﺑﺎ ﺷﺒﻜﻪ 20× 20 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺑﺮ داده ﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺻـﻞ از ﻧﺘـﺎﻳﺞ آزﻣﺎﻳﺸـﮕ ﺎﻫﻲ ﺧـﺎك ﺑـﺎ اﺳﺎس ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎت UTM ) ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﺮ رو ﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﺑﻨﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺻـﻠﻲ (PCA) ﻛـﻪ ( ﺷﻜﻞ 1 ) اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ . در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻣﻴﺪاﻧﻲ ﭘﺲ از ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻨﺘﺰ دادهﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺑـﺮ اﺳـﺎس ﻣـﺎﺗﺮﻳﺲ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮ ﻧﻘﺸﻪ، ﻋﺮﺻﻪاي ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ 2000 آن ﻫﺎ دﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨـﺪي را ﺑـﻪ اﻧﺠـﺎم رﺳـﺎﻧﺪ ﻣـﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﻳـﻪ و ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﮔﺰﻳﺪه ﺷﺪ. اراﺿﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ، از ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ( ﻣﺼﺪاﻗﻲ، 1380). ﻧﻈﺮ وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ، ﺗﻴﭗ ﺟﻨﮕﻠﻲ، ﺧﺎﻛﺸﻨﺎﺳﻲ و ژﺋﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ . ﻧﻘﺸﻪ اﻧﻮاع ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اراﺿﻲ1 و واﺣﺪﻫﺎي اراﺿﻲ2 ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪات ﺻﺤﺮاﻳﻲ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس روش ﻫﺎي ار اﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ Brown ( Chapman ،(1999 و Atkinson ( 2007 ) در ﻣﺤﻞ ﺳﺎﻳﻪ اﻧﺪاز درﺧﺘﺎن ﺑﻨﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، 6 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺧﺎك ﺳﻄﺤﻲ ﺗﺎ ﻋﻤﻖ 30 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮي ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻛﺸﻨﺎﺳﻲ اﺧﺬ و ﭘﺲ از ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﻛﺮدن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻚ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ي ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ از ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﻪ آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎه اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻳﺎﻓﺖ .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lions and Roses: an Interpretive History of Israeli-Iranian Relations" (2007)
    Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 11-13-2007 Lions and Roses: An Interpretive History of Israeli- Iranian Relations Marsha B. Cohen Florida International University, [email protected] DOI: 10.25148/etd.FI08081510 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the International Relations Commons Recommended Citation Cohen, Marsha B., "Lions and Roses: An Interpretive History of Israeli-Iranian Relations" (2007). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 5. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/5 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida LIONS AND ROSES: AN INTERPRETIVE HISTORY OF ISRAELI-IRANIAN RELATIONS A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS by Marsha B. Cohen 2007 To: Interim Dean Mark Szuchman College of Arts and Sciences This dissertation, written by Marsha B. Cohen, and entitled Lions and Roses: An Interpretive History of Israeli-Iranian Relations, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this dissertation and recommend that it be approved. _______________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • The Heritage 'NGO': a Case Study on the Role of Grass-Roots Heritage Societies in Iran and Their Perception of Cultural Heri
    The Heritage ‘NGO’: a Case Study on the Role of Grass-Roots Heritage Societies in Iran and their Perception of Cultural Heritage Ali Mozaffari Email: [email protected] Australia-Asia-Pacific Institute, Curtin University, Australia Introduction This paper examines the general terrain of heritage activism in contemporary Iran. It presents the preliminary findings of recent fieldwork involving travel to three provinces and discussions with 12 activists.1 Heritage activism appears either in the form of individual activists or in the form of NGOs within which activists network, organize their activities and pursue their interests. In Iran, such NGOs or societies were provisioned for initially in the form of Scientific, Literary and Artistic Societies in the early-1990s2 and became active in the late-1990s.3 For the purposes of this paper, I subscribe to a legal definition of NGO as stipulated in Article 1 of the Executive Regulations Governing Establishment and Activities of Non-Governmental Organisations (27 October 2005) in Iran. Accordingly, NGOs are ‘organisations established voluntarily by a group of individuals or legal entities not related to the state following relevant legal requirements and in pursuit of goals are neither for profit nor political’(Executive Regulations). The proscription of political activities (emphasised in Article 3) differentiates NGOs from political parties, whose programs and goals relate to the state’s political system and its strategic goals. Nevertheless, there are provisions for NGOs to provide consultation and propose solutions to various levels of state bureaucracy as relevant to their work (Article 4) or even ‘organise meetings and protests in pursuit of their goals’ (Article 5).
    [Show full text]
  • Range of Soil and Climate Characteristics Appropriate for Pistacia Atlantica Forest Development and Rehabilitation (Case Study: Fars Province, Iran)
    DOI: 10.1515/jwld-2017-0008 © Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Committee on Agronomic Sciences JOURNAL OF WATER AND LAND DEVELOPMENT Section of Land Reclamation and Environmental Engineering in Agriculture, 2017 2017, No. 32 (I–III): 71–78 © Institute of Technology and Life Sciences (ITP), 2017 PL ISSN 1429–7426 Available (PDF): http://www.itp.edu.pl/wydawnictwo/journal; http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/jwld Received 13.07.2016 Range of soil and climate characteristics Reviewed 24.08.2016 Accepted 21.09.2016 A – study design appropriate for Pistacia atlantica forest B – data collection C – statistical analysis D – data interpretation development and rehabilitation E – manuscript preparation F – literature search (case study: Fars province, Iran) Masoud NEJABAT ABCDEF , Mohammadreza NEGAHDARSABER ABF, Gholamreza GHAHARIBCD Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Department, Fars Research and Education Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] For citation: Nejabat M., Negahdarsaber M., Ghahari G. 2017. Range of soil and climate characteristics appropriate for Pistacia atlantica forest development and rehabilitation (case study: Fars province, Iran). Journal of Water and Land Development. No. 32 p. 71–78. DOI: 10.1515/jwld-2017-0008. Abstract Investigation of ranges of soil and climate characteristics appropriate for the tolerant species: Pistacia atlan- tica subsp. mutica according to field study was the main objective of this research. This study was carried out based on random sampling across 20×20 km wild pistachio forests of Fars province (Iran). Results showed that mountainous and hilly lands are the main land types that pistachio species have evolved on.
    [Show full text]
  • Massoud Azarnoush (1945-2008)
    Iranica Antiqua, vol. XLV, 2010 doi: 10.2143/IA.45.0.2047116 MASSOUD AZARNOUSH (1945-2008) BY Ali MOUSAVI (Los Angeles County Museum of Art) It is with a profound regret that we record the sudden death of Massoud Azarnoush of an unexpected heart attack on 27 November 2008 at the age of 63. It is equally unfortunate to remember that during the first decade of this century a number of distinguished personalities of Iranian archaeology surprisingly passed away: Muhammad Mehryar (1939-2004), a talented architect of distinction whose contributions to the preservation of various historical sites and monuments, including his work at Tepe Hegmataneh and also at Bam are always remembered; Ali Shapur Shahbazi (1942-2006), one of the foremost authorities of ancient Iranian civilization; Cuyler Young (1934-2007), the excavator of Godin Tepe, and one of the most brilliant archaeologists ever to work in Iran; Parviz Varjavand (1934-2007), archae- ologist and professor at the University of Tehran, and a courageous activist of cultural heritage affairs; Baqer Ayatollahzadeh Shirazi (1936-2007), a veteran master of architecture and restoration of historical buildings, long- time director of the National Office for Restoration of Historical Monu- ments, and one of the founders of the Iranian Cultural Heritage Organiza- tion; and finally Ezatollah Negahban (1921-2009), professor at the University of Tehran, the father of modern Iranian archaeology and the founder of the Archaeological Institute of the University of Tehran. The loss is certainly irredeemable. It was in such a situation that the sudden death of Massoud Azarnoush shocked the community of archaeologists working on Iran.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstracta Iranica, Volume 37-38-39 | 2018, « Comptes Rendus Des Publications De 2014-2016 » [En Ligne], Mis En Ligne Le 10 Mars 2018, Consulté Le 01 Novembre 2020
    Abstracta Iranica Revue bibliographique pour le domaine irano-aryen Volume 37-38-39 | 2018 Comptes rendus des publications de 2014-2016 Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/abstractairanica/42410 DOI : 10.4000/abstractairanica.42410 ISBN : 1961-960X ISSN : 1961-960X Éditeur : CNRS (UMR 7528 Mondes iraniens et indiens), Éditions de l’IFRI Référence électronique Abstracta Iranica, Volume 37-38-39 | 2018, « Comptes rendus des publications de 2014-2016 » [En ligne], mis en ligne le 10 mars 2018, consulté le 01 novembre 2020. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/abstractairanica/42410 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/abstractairanica. 42410 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 1 novembre 2020. Tous droits réservés 1 NOTE DE LA RÉDACTION Ce numéro triple d'Abstracta Iranica 37-38-39 s'ouvre quelques mois après la clôture du numéro triple 34-35-36. Ce nouveau numéro, qui recense les publications de 2014-2015-2016, est comme le précédent un numéro « ouvert » présentant les recensions reçues depuis plusieurs mois et il restera ouvert jusqu'en décembre 2018, date à laquelle démarrera le numéro suivant. Nous espérons ainsi retrouver notre rythme habituel de publications des recensions en résorbant le retard imposé par des éléments externes et internes à la revue. Dorénavant, le principe de numéro « ouvert » reste valable pour tous les numéros futurs et la mise en ligne sera opérée plusieurs fois par an, par paquet de 100 à 200 comptes rendus. De la sorte les recensions adressées par les contributeurs seront disponibles en ligne quelques mois plus tard. Plus de visibilité et une plus grande rapidité et, par conséquent, une meilleure diffusion devraient refaire d'Abstracta Iranica une référence indispensable de l'information et de la critique de l'ensemble des publications sur le monde iranien.
    [Show full text]
  • Field Report on the 2015 Current Archaeological Works of the Joint
    Field Report on the 2015 Current Archaeological Works of the Joint Iran-French Project on Pasargadae and its Territory Sébastien Gondet, Kourosh Mohammadkhani, Mahdokht Farjamirad, Nabil Ibnoerrida, Farhad Zare Kordshouli, Hamid Reza Karami, Damien Laisney To cite this version: Sébastien Gondet, Kourosh Mohammadkhani, Mahdokht Farjamirad, Nabil Ibnoerrida, Farhad Zare Kordshouli, et al.. Field Report on the 2015 Current Archaeological Works of the Joint Iran-French Project on Pasargadae and its Territory. Iranian Heritage Studies, Shahid Beheshti University, 2018, 1 (1), pp.60-87. halshs-02006168 HAL Id: halshs-02006168 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02006168 Submitted on 19 Dec 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Field Report on the 2015 Current Archaeological Works of the Joint Iran-French Project on Pasargadae and its Territory Sébastien Gondet *, Kourosh Mohammadkhani **, Mahdokht Farjamirad ***, Nabil Ibnoeirida ****, Farhad Zare Kordshouli *****, Hamid Reza Karami *****, Damien Laisney * Abstract The Iranian-French project resumed its archaeological work on the site of Pasargadae in the latter half of 2015, the capital founded by Cyrus the Great in the center of the ancient province of Persia. It is the first step of a program that will span over several years and during which we will gradually enrich the Pasargadae archaeological map on a large scale.
    [Show full text]
  • Մշակութային Ժառանգություն Cultural Heritage
    MARIANGELA VANDINI, TANIA CHINNI ՄՇԱԿՈՒԹԱՅԻՆ ԺԱՌԱՆԳՈՒԹՅՈՒՆ Փորձ և հեռանկարներ միջազգային համատեքստում CULTURAL HERITAGE Experience & Perspectives in International Context ROCHEMP CENTER FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE: Experiences & Perspectives In International Context ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ԱԶԳԱՅԻՆ ՊԱՏԿԵՐԱՍՐԱՀ ԲՈԼՈՆՅԱՅԻ ԱԼՄԱ ՄԱՏԵՐ ՍՏՈՒԴԻՈՐՈՒՄ ՀԱՄԱԼՍԱՐԱՆԻ ՄՇԱԿՈՒԹԱՅԻՆ ԺԱՌԱՆԳՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԲԱԺԻՆ ՄՇԱԿՈՒԹԱՅԻՆ ԺԱՌԱՆԳՈՒԹՅՈՒՆ Փորձ և հեռանկարներ միջազգային համատեքստում ՌՕՔԵՄՓ ԿԵՆՏՐՈՆԻ ՄԻՋԱԶԳԱՅԻՆ ԳԻՏԱԺՈՂՈՎԻ ՆՅՈՒԹԵՐԻ ԺՈՂՈՎԱԾՈՒ 2020, հունվարի 23 - 24 Երևան 2020 2 MARIANGELA VANDINI, TANIA CHINNI NATIONAL GALLERY OF ARMENIA ALMA MATER STUDIORUM – UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA DEPARTMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE CULTURAL HERITAGE Experience & Perspectives in International Context PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROCHEMP CENTER INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 23rd - 24th of January 2020 Yerevan 2020 3 CULTURAL HERITAGE: Experiences & Perspectives In International Context ՀՏԴ 008:06 ԳՄԴ 71 Մ 840 ՄՇԱԿՈՒԹԱՅԻՆ ԺԱՌԱՆԳՈՒԹՅՈՒՆ. Փորձ և հեռանկարներ Մ 840 միջազգային համատեքստում: ՌՕՔԵՄՓ 1-ԻՆ ՏԱՐԵԿԱՆ ՄԻՋԱԶԳԱՅԻՆ ԳԻՏԱԺՈՂՈՎ: 2020, hունվարի 23-24 / Խմբ.` Անի Ավագյան.- Եր.: ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ԱԶԳԱՅԻՆ ՊԱՏԿԵՐԱՍՐԱՀ, 2020.- 124 էջ: CULTURAL HERITAGE: Experience & Perspectives in International Context. ROCHEMP 1st ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE. 23-24, January, 2020 / Editor Ani Avagyan. Yerevan. NATIONAL GALLERY OF ARMENIA, 2020.- pp. 124. ՀՏԴ 008:06 ԳՄԴ 71 Խմբագիր՝ Անի Ավագյան Editor: Ani Avagyan Կարծիքներն ու արդյունքները, որոնք արտահայտված են այս հրատարակության հոդվածներում, պատկանում են առանձին հեղինակներին։ Տեքստերի և լուսանկարների հեղինակային իրավունքը © պատկանում է հեղինակներին: The views and findings as expressed in the contributions to this publication are those of individual authors. Copyright of texts and photos ©with the authors. © ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ԱԶԳԱՅԻՆ ՊԱՏԿԵՐԱՍՐԱՀ, 2020 ISBN 978-99941-79-34-3 Cover image: Aghjots Vank or Saint Stephen Monastery of Goght, 13th c. Կազմի նկարը՝ Աղջոցի կամ Գողթի Սբ. Ստեփանոս վանք, 13-րդ դ.
    [Show full text]
  • The Iranian Revolution at 30
    Viewpoints Special Edition The Iranian Revolution at 30 The Middle East Institute Washington, DC Middle East Institute The mission of the Middle East Institute is to promote knowledge of the Middle East in Amer- ica and strengthen understanding of the United States by the people and governments of the region. For more than 60 years, MEI has dealt with the momentous events in the Middle East — from the birth of the state of Israel to the invasion of Iraq. Today, MEI is a foremost authority on contemporary Middle East issues. It pro- vides a vital forum for honest and open debate that attracts politicians, scholars, government officials, and policy experts from the US, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. MEI enjoys wide access to political and business leaders in countries throughout the region. Along with information exchanges, facilities for research, objective analysis, and thoughtful commentary, MEI’s programs and publications help counter simplistic notions about the Middle East and America. We are at the forefront of private sector public diplomacy. Viewpoints are another MEI service to audiences interested in learning more about the complexities of issues affecting the Middle East and US rela- tions with the region. To learn more about the Middle East Institute, visit our website at http://www.mideasti.org Cover photos, clockwise from the top left hand corner: Shahram Sharif photo; sajed.ir photo; sajed.ir photo; ? redo photo; sajed. ir photo; Maryam Ashoori photo; Zongo69 photo; UN photo; and [ john ] photo. 2 The Middle East Institute Viewpoints: The Iranian Revolution at 30 • www.mideasti.org Viewpoints Special Edition The Iranian Revolution at 30 The Middle East Institute Viewpoints: The Iranian Revolution at 30 • www.mideasti.org 3 Viewpoints: 1979 The year 1979 was among the most tumultuous, and important, in the history of the modern Middle East.
    [Show full text]
  • Arta 2009.001
    ARTA 2009.001 Tang-i Bulaghi Reports: Preface Edited by Rémy Boucharlat & Hasan Fazeli Nashli Hasan Fazeli Nashli Director of the Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, Tehran The Achaemenid/Post Achaemenid Remains in Tang-i Bulaghi near Pasargadae: A Report on the Salvage excavations conducted by five joint teams in 2004-2007 In memoriam Dr. Massoud Azarnoush, former director of the Iranian Center for Archaeological Research For several years, the Islamic Republic of Iran has been engaged in a huge program for providing the country with both large and medium-sized dams in all the provinces, mainly for agricultural purposes. Archaeologists are very much concerned with this building program, since as much archaeological information as possible must be gathered before an area is flooded. For this reason, the Iranian Center Achemenet Juin 2009 1 ARTA 2009.001 for Archaeological Research (ICAR), the archaeological branch of Iranian Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Orga- nization (ICHHTO) has regularly sent teams of archaeologists from the Tehran centre and from the regional ICHHTO offices to conduct surveys and salvage excavations in the en- dangered valleys. They have carried out this work for several Fig. 1: Map of Tang-i Bulaghi showing the Achaemenid/post-Achaemenid sites and buildings mentioned in this series of articles years or at least many months before the completion of the dams under construction, when the reservoirs began to fill. The Sivand Dam Archaeological Salvage Project was one of these operations. It concerned the so-called Tang-i Bulaghi (TB) gorge and valley, located 2 km south of the Tomb of Cyrus at in Pasargadae.
    [Show full text]
  • This Issue Is the Fi Rst, This Issue – Is the Matter of Water
    Volume 11 - Number 2 February – March 2015 £4 TTHISHIS ISSUEISSUE: EENVIRONMENTNVIRONMENT ● WWaterater rresourcesesources iinn thethe MMiddleiddle EastEast ● WWars,ars, ddepletedepleted uraniumuranium andand soilsoil pollutionpollution ● IIran’sran’s lloomingooming waterwater crisiscrisis ● CCulturalultural heritageheritage aandnd thethe environmentenvironment ● CCanan desalinationdesalination provideprovide a sustainablesustainable sourcesource ofof water?water? ● TThehe NNileile BBasinasin andand hydrosolidarityhydrosolidarity ● NNanotechnologyanotechnology ● PPLUSLUS RReviewseviews andand eventsevents inin LondonLondon Volume 11 - Number 2 February – March 2015 £4 TTHISHIS IISSUESSUE: EENVIRONMENTNVIRONMENT ● WWaterater rresourcesesources iinn tthehe MMiddleiddle EEastast ● WWars,ars, ddepletedepleted uuraniumranium aandnd ssoiloil ppollutionollution ● IIran’sran’s lloomingooming wwaterater ccrisisrisis ● CCulturalultural hheritageeritage aandnd tthehe eenvironmentnvironment ● CCanan ddesalinationesalination pproviderovide a ssustainableustainable sourcesource ooff water?water? ● TThehe NNileile BBasinasin aandnd hydrosolidarityhydrosolidarity ● NNanotechnologyanotechnology ● PPLUSLUS RReviewseviews aandnd eeventsvents inin LLondonondon Atefeh Khas, Urmia Lake, Iran. From Refl ection series (Refl ection of Lake), 2009. About the London Middle East Institute (LMEI) Photo by Shahrnaz Zarkesh. Courtesy of Janet Rady Fine Art Th e London Middle East Institute (LMEI) draws upon the resources of London and SOAS to provide teaching, training,
    [Show full text]
  • Nationalism, Politics, and the Practice of Archaeology: the Case Study of Iran
    Durham E-Theses Nationalism, Politics, and the Practice of Archaeology: The Case Study of Iran DAROOGHEH-NOKHODCHERI, RANA How to cite: DAROOGHEH-NOKHODCHERI, RANA (2014) Nationalism, Politics, and the Practice of Archaeology: The Case Study of Iran , Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/10658/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 Nationalism, Politics, and the Practice of Archaeology: The Case Study of Iran Rana Daroogheh-Nokhodcheri Thesis submitted for the degree of Ph.D The Department of Archaeology Durham University 2014 Abstract Since the first pillars of the discipline of archaeology were laid in the nineteenth century, archaeologists have been aware of the potential employment of their research for political purposes. Despite the recognition of the role of archaeology in politics, and specifically in the instigation and promotion of different brands of nationalism, there have been few studies that focused on Iran.
    [Show full text]
  • Smut Fungi of Iran
    Mycosphere 4 (3): 363–454 (2013) ISSN 2077 7019 www.mycosphere.org Article Mycosphere Copyright © 2013 Online Edition Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/4/3/2 Smut fungi of Iran Vánky K1 and Abbasi M2 1 Herbarium Ustilaginales Vánky (HUV), Gabriel-Biel-Str. 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany 2 Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Botany, P.O. Box 1454, Tehran 19395, Iran Vánky K, Abbasi M 2013 – Smut fungi of Iran. Mycosphere 4(3), 363–454, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/4/3/2 Abstract A short history of the knowledge of Iranian smut fungi is given followed by an account of the 99 known smut fungus species (Ustilaginomycetes) from Iran. Each species is presented with its authors, place of publication, synonyms, description, host plants and geographic distribution. A key to the 16 genera, to which these smuts belong, and keys to the species within each genus are given. There is also a host plant – smut fungus index. The following six species are known only from Iran: Anthracoidea songorica, Entyloma majewskii, Tilletia rostrariae, Tranzscheliella iranica, Urocystis behboudii and Urocystis phalaridis. Key words – Biodiversity – Iran – parasitic microfungi – smut fungi – synonyms – Ustilaginomycetes Introduction A short history of the knowledge of the Iranian smut fungi Mycology in Iran started in 1830 with the report of Parmelia esculenta (Goebel 1830). Thirty years later Buhse (1860) published a comprehensive paper about plants, lichens and fungi of Transcaucasia and Persia. He reported 33 species of fungi from this area, but no smut. The first smut fungus, Tilletia sorghi (= Sporisorium sorghi) was reported on Sorghum sp.
    [Show full text]