DOCSLIB.ORG

Annual Economic and Financial Review

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Annual Economic and Financial Review Annual Economic and Financial Review 2013 E A S T E R N C A R I B B E A N C E N T R A L B A N K ADDRESS Headquarters: P O Box 89 Basseterre St Kitts and Nevis West Indies Cable: CENTRAL BANK, ST KITTS Telephone: (869) 465-2537 Facsimile: (869) 465-5615 Email: [email protected] Website: www.eccb-centralbank.org The ECCB welcomes your questions and comments on this publication. C O N T E N T S ECONOMIC REVIEW: International Economic Developments .......................................................................... 1 Domestic Economic Developments ............................................................................... 8 Country Performances: Anguilla ............................................................................................................ 24 Antigua and Barbuda ........................................................................................ 34 Dominica ........................................................................................................... 43 Grenada ............................................................................................................. 53 Montserrat ......................................................................................................... 63 St Kitts and Nevis ............................................................................................. 71 Saint Lucia ........................................................................................................ 81 St Vincent and the Grenadines ......................................................................... 92 STATISTICAL TABLES ...................................................................................................... 103 Annual Economic and Financial Review 2013 INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS INTERNATIONAL E C O N O M I C D E V E L O P M E N T S Overview fastest growing developed economies; led by higher consumption. In Europe there were The world economic recovery gained signs of improvement too, though an uneven momentum in 2013, particularly in some one. The north, led by Germany, had a solid advanced economies. Notwithstanding, living year, reducing unemployment and boosting standards in most of the world is still below living standards. Across the Mediterranean their 2007 peak. However, despite the the pattern was more disappointing, with sluggish start to the year, by year end, most Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece all economies recorded favourable growth enduring a year of rising unemployment. performance, signaling that the long recession and its aftermath might finally be Looking ahead, global economic growth in the past. In the developed world what had should increase in 2014 with continuing signs started as an uneven and patchy recovery of broad-based improvement in both began to strengthen. The USA, despite advanced and emerging markets. Growth in having to cope with feuding over its budget, international trade flows is expected to pick seems to have recorded positive growth; jobs up moderately in 2014. The prices of most were created and activities in its housing and primary commodities are projected to be flat, stock markets have risen sharply. In the UK although any unexpected supply-side shocks, there was also a burst of optimism through including geo-political tensions, could push 2013. Early in the year there was speculation some of these prices higher and compromise of a slowdown in economic activity following growth prospects. Further risks are the outturn of prior year when growth was associated with a possible bumpy exit from boosted by the hosting of the 2012 Olympics, the quantitative easing programmes by the but figures showed that growth strengthened US Federal Reserve (Fed) and its steadily through 2013. By the end of the year consequential threat to the global economy. the UK had become one of the 1 Eastern Caribbean Central Bank Annual Economic and Financial Review 2013 INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS Developments in the Major Economies cent in 2013 after a 1.7 per cent increase in 2012. This is lower than the 2.4 per cent Real GDP in the USA is estimated to have average annual increase over the last ten increased by 1.9 per cent in 2013, compared years, marking the first time that the CPI with growth of 2.8 per cent in 2012. The rise rose less than 2.0 per cent for consecutive in real GDP in 2013 reflected positive years since 1997-1998. The US contributions from personal consumption unemployment rate which began the year at expenditures (PCE), exports, non-residential 7.9 per cent steadily declined throughout the fixed investment, residential fixed year to end at 6.7 per cent by December. investment, and private inventory investment that were partly offset by a negative Europe’s flash estimate for quarterly growth contribution from federal government in GDP showed that the 17-nation Euro area spending. Imports, which are a subtraction economy grew by 0.3 per cent and the in the calculation of GDP, increased albeit at aggregated economy of the broader 28-nation a slower pace. The year-on-year deceleration European Union (EU) rose by 0.4 per cent in in real GDP growth in 2013 resulted from a the fourth quarter of 2013. However, over all slowdown in non-residential fixed of 2013, GDP fell by 0.4 per cent in the investment, a larger decrease in federal Euro area while it rose by 0.1 per cent in the government spending, slower growth in PCE EU. The increase in value added for the Euro and in exports that were partly offset by a area was attributable to growth in most of the deceleration in imports and a smaller major economies of the Monetary Union, led decrease in state and local government by Germany, the region’s largest economy, spending. The US trade deficit in 2013 was and France. Consumer prices, as indicated the smallest since 2009, even as it increased by the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices at year’s end, buoyed by rising fuel exports (HICP), recorded an annual average rate of and falling imports which propelled the change of 1.5 per cent in 2013, below the world’s biggest economy further toward 2.5 per cent rate recorded in 2012. As at energy independence. The trade gap November 2013, the latest period for which narrowed to $471.5 billion last year, from data is available, the Euro area seasonally- $534.7 billion in 2012. The CPI rose 1.5 per adjusted unemployment rate stood at 12.1 per 2 Eastern Caribbean Central Bank Annual Economic and Financial Review 2013 INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS cent, slightly higher than the outturn at the cent after increasing 3.1 per cent in the beginning of the year. previous year. For 2013, the current account deficit totaled $60.7 billion, a $1.5 billion Preliminary estimates for UK GDP suggest improvement from 2012. The current that the economy grew by 1.8 per cent in account has remained in a deficit position 2013, its strongest rate since 2007, up from since the fourth quarter of 2008. The 0.3 per cent in 2012. The dominant services Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose by 1.2 per and manufacturing sectors were the main cent in the 12 months to December, drivers of growth for the year. There was following a 0.9 per cent increase in also positive contribution from construction. November. At the end of 2013, The CPI 12-month rate between December unemployment in Canada stood at 7.2 per 2012 and December 2013 stood at 2.0 per cent. cent. The unemployment rate in the UK for the last quarter of 2013, stood at 7.2 percent, Japan’s economy expanded at a slightly down 0.4 percentage points from the faster pace in 2013 recording GDP growth of previous quarter as more persons were able 1.6 per cent, compared to 1.4 per cent in to find work as the economy grew. 2012. The economy grew by 0.3 per cent in the fourth quarter, representing the fourth In Canada real GDP grew by 2.0 per cent in successive quarter of growth; the best 2013 following growth of 1.7 per cent in consecutive performance the world's third- 2012. Final domestic demand was up 1.4 per largest economy experienced in more than cent compared with a 2.3 per cent increase three years. Growth in Japan has been the previous year. The output of all major boosted by a set of expansionary policy industrial sectors rose in 2013, with the packages. For 2013, Japan logged a record exception of manufacturing. The production annual trade gap of ¥11.47 trillion, widening of goods increased by 1.7 per cent and the from ¥6.94 trillion in the previous year and output of services grew by 2.1 per cent. marking a third straight year of deficit, the Trade volumes were up for 2013. Exports longest consecutive period on record, dating rose 2.1 per cent compared with a 1.5 per back to 1979, as imports growth outpaced cent gain in 2012. Imports grew by 1.1 per that of exports. The Japanese economy 3 Eastern Caribbean Central Bank Annual Economic and Financial Review 2013 INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS continues to operate at full employment with a similar rate as that of 2012. unemployment rate declining to 3.7 per cent at the end of the year from 4.3 per cent in Commodity Prices January 2013. Japan's all items index of consumer prices in 2013 was up 0.4 per cent Commodity prices fell in 2013 for the first over the year. time since 2008 as the Federal Reserve announced a taper of its monthly bond The economy of China continued to purchases; China scaled back metal demand. slowdown in 2013 with growth estimated at Record harvests maintained a downward 7.7 per cent, slightly below the 7.8 per cent pressure on food prices and gold and silver gain in 2012, marking the first time since plunged the most since 1981 against a 2002 that growth is in single figures for three backdrop of improving prospects for the consecutive years. Capital formation world economy. The price of gold averaged accounted for 54 per cent of China's $1,376.0 in 2013, while the price of silver economic growth last year, exceeding the 50 averaged $23.0 representing declines of 18.0 per cent share taken up by consumption.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Latin'amnerica and the Ca Aribbean
    Latin'Amnerica and the Caaribbean -- Technical Department I . o Regionat Studies Program Public Disclosure Authorized Report No. 7 The Evolution, Situation, and Prospects of the Electric Power Sector in the Public Disclosure Authorized Latin American and Caribbean Countries Volume 11 Descriptionsof IndividualPower Sectors by Public Disclosure Authorized Infrastructure& Energy Division and LatinAmerican Energy Organization (OLADE) August 1991 Public Disclosure Authorized Papers in this series are not formal publications of the World Bank. They present preliminary and unpolished results of country analysis or research that is circulated to encourage discussion and comment; citation and the use of such a paper should take account of its provisional character. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the author(s) and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its afftliated organizations, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. This document was prepared by World Bank and OLADE teams on the basis of data provided by the electric power sectors of the LAC region and data available in World Bank and OLADE files. VOLUME 11 TABLE OF C(OMTENTS PREFACE INDIVIDUAL COUNTRY REPORTS PAGES 1. Argentina ARG-1 - 11 2. Barbados BAR-1 - 10 3. Belize BEZ-1 - 9 4. Bolivia BOL-1 - 9 5. Brazil BRA-I - 11 6. Chie CHL-1 - 9 7. Colombia CLM-1 - 10 8. Costa Rica COS-1 - 10 9. Dominica DMC-1- 9 10. Dominican Republic DOM-1- 10 11. Ecuador ECU-I - 10 12. El Salvador ESL-1 - 10 13.
    [Show full text]
  • Country Poverty Assessment – Dominica
    y FINAL REPORT in the Face of Vulnerabilit in the Face TECHNICAL AND STATISTICAL APPENDICES y Povert g Dominica: Reducin COUNTRY POVERTY ASSESSMENT – DOMINICA December 2010 COUNTRY POVERTY ASSESSMENT DOMINICA TECHNICAL AND STATISTICAL APPENDICES Submitted to: THE CARIBBEAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Submitted by: KAIRI CONSULTANTS LIMITED 14 Cochrane Street, Tunapuna, Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies Tel: 868 663 2677; Fax: 868 663 1442 Website: www.kairi.com In collaboration with the NATIONAL ASSESSMENT TEAM OF DOMINICA COUNTRY POVERTY ASSESSMENT DOMINICA 2008/09 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1: SAMPLE SURVEY DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY ...................................................... 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 2 1.2 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................. 2 1.2 Technical Details of Sample Survey Design for the SLC/HBS 2008/09 ......................................... 2 1.2.2 Theoretical aspects of sample selection with probability proportional to size .............................. 4 1.2.2.1 Weighting and Non Response Rates ................................................................................................ 5 1.2.2.2 Data Quality ........................................................................................................................................ 7 1.2.2.3 Aggregation .....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • DRAFT DO NOT CITE 1 Informing Climate Adaptation
    DRAFT DO NOT CITE Informing Climate Adaptation: A Review of the Economic Costs of Natural Disasters, Their Determinants, and Risk Reduction Options Carolyn Kousky Resources for the Future Draft: May 4, 2012 Abstract This paper reviews the empirical literature on the economic impacts of natural disasters to inform both climate adaptation policy and the estimation of potential climate damages. It covers papers that estimate the short and long run economic impacts of weather-related extreme events and the studies of determinants of the magnitude of those damages (including fatalities). The paper also includes a discussion of risk reduction options and the use of such measures as an adaptation strategy for predicted changes in extreme events with climate change. 1. Introduction There is a growing consensus in the scientific community that climate change could be worsening some natural disasters. The IPCC released a special report in early 2012, which notes that climate change could be altering the frequency, intensity, spatial extent, duration and/or timing of many climate-related extreme weather events (IPCC 2012). Even non-experts are perceiving a trend toward more or worse extreme events: a 2012 poll of US residents found that by a margin of 2:1 people believe that the weather is getting worse and a large majority believe climate change contributed to the severity of several recent natural disasters (Leiserowitz et al. 2012). This paper reviews what we know about the economic impacts of natural disasters to inform both climate adaptation policy and estimation of potential climate damages using integrated assessment models. It first reviews empirical estimates of the economic consequences of natural disasters and summarizes findings on the determinants of economic damages and fatalities.
    [Show full text]
  • 272110Paper0building0safer0
    Kreimer/Arnold/Carlin DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT SERIES NO. 3 Public Disclosure Authorized Building Safer Cities THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. The Future of Washington, D.C. 20433 U.S.A. Telephone: 202-473-1000 Disaster Risk Internet: www.worldbank.org E-mail: [email protected] Public Disclosure Authorized Building Safer Cities Public Disclosure Authorized Edited by Alcira Kreimer, Margaret Arnold, and Anne Carlin The World Bank The World Public Disclosure Authorized The World Bank ISBN 0-8213-5497-3 Disaster Risk Management Series Building Safer Cities: The Future of Disaster Risk Edited by Alcira Kreimer Margaret Arnold Anne Carlin The World Bank Disaster Management Facility 2003 Washington, D.C. © 2003 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone 202-473-1000 Internet www.worldbank.org E-mail [email protected] All rights reserved. 123406050403 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed here are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank cannot guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply on the part of the World Bank any judgment of the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is copyrighted. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or inclusion in any information storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the World Bank.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecotourism in a Small Caribbean Island: Lessons Learned for Economic Development and Nature Preservation
    ECOTOURISM IN A SMALL CARBBEAN ISLAND: LESSONS LEARNED FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND NATURE PRESERVATION l By VANESSA ANNE VERE SLINGER A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2002 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Program for Studies in Tropical Conservation Fellowship (PSTC) supported this research through the Compton Foundation, and a College of Liberal Arts and Sciences McLaughlin Dissertation Fellowship. Government agencies in Dominica helped throughout the period of research including NDC, the Dominican Ministry of Tourism, and the Dominican Ministry of Forestry. The DCA, and the DHTA were very helpful in providing data and suggestions. Numerous individuals aided and supported my research efforts in Dominica: the Aird family, Maria Bellot, the Grell family, Lenox Honychurch, Ma Bass, and Charles Maynard. I am particularly indebted to all the people involved in the tourism industry, both in private businesses and local conservation agencies, who took time to sit with me and answer questions or converse about tourism on the majestic and beautiful Caribbean island of Dominica. On a personal note, I am truly blessed to be surrounded by the love and encouragement of lots of friends and family too numerous to mention here. Last, but certainly not least, I would like to thank my committee members for their guidance and support: my chair. Dr. Nigel Smith, Dr. Cesar Caviedes, Dr. Barbara McDade, Dr. Hugh Popenoe, and Dr. Peter Hildebrand. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank Dr. Edward Malecki for his support and advice in several aspects of my academic career.
    [Show full text]
  • Education Matters 2016 38 Toward Improved Literacy & Numeracy Skills
    CONTENTS page EDUCATION Matters September 2016 Messages 4 Editor’s Note 5 Minister for Education and Human Resource Development 6 Permanent Secretary (Ag.) 7 Chief Education Officer MoE in Action 8 One Tablet Per Child! 9 Tablets in Dominica Classrooms 11 Making Dominica ICT Ready 13 Centre of Excellence in Information Technology Opens at the Dominica State College 15 Broadband for Development 16 EMIS - Modernizing Record-keeping in Dominican Schools 18 Routing Students to Their Roots with Technology 20 Ministry of Education Responds to Tropical Storm Erika 23 Renovation Works at Schools Impacted by TS Erika 24 In Aid of Dominica in the Aftermath of TS Erika 27 TVET on the Rise 29 Dominica Hosts TVET Consultation 30 New Newtown Primary School Opens 32 CFS in Action 34 Dominica and Argentina Collaborate on Spanish Teaching Programme 36 Dominica, Martinique Sign New Cooperation Agreement 37 Library Week Observed Under the Theme ‘Libraries Evolving’ 2 Education Matters 2016 38 Toward Improved Literacy & Numeracy Skills 39 Caribbean Examination Council - Online Testing 41 Government Investigates Dropout Rates 42 DEEP at a Glance Best Practices 44 How the Roseau Primary School is Improving Achievement Levels 47 Roseau Primary School Teachers Excel Improving Teaching & Learning 49 Peer Meditation: Benefits for Teaching and Learning 50 Rethinking Gender Differences In Students’ Performance: Creating Gender Sensitive Classrooms (Part 1) 52 From the Known to the Unknown 55 Aiming Higher: Access, Quality and Value at Dominica State College 2015-2016
    [Show full text]
  • General Assembly Official Records Fifty-Ninth Session
    United Nations A/59/PV.9 General Assembly Official Records Fifty-ninth session 9th plenary meeting Friday, 24 September 2004, 10 a.m. New York President: Mr. Ping ............................................... (Gabon) The meeting was called to order at 10.20 a.m. I shall now deliver my address in Portuguese — which, as the Assembly is aware, is the official Address by Mr. Fradique Bandeira Melo de Menezes, language of Sao Tome and Principe. President of the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome (spoke in Portuguese; English text furnished by the and Principe delegation) The President (spoke in French): The Assembly Allow me, at the outset, to congratulate you most will now hear an address by the President of the warmly, Mr. President, on your election as President of Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe. the fifty-ninth session on the General Assembly, whose Mr. Fradique Bandeira Melo de Menezes, proceedings will undoubtedly benefit from your President of the Democratic Republic of Sao personal qualities and your experience in international Tome and Principe, was escorted into the General relations. Gabon and my country, Sao Tome and Assembly Hall. Principe, have long enjoyed a very good relationship of cooperation at various levels, and my delegation The President (spoke in French): On behalf of wishes you success in your new functions. the General Assembly, I have the honour to welcome to the United Nations His Excellency Mr. Fradique May I also thank the President’s predecessor, Bandeira Melo de Menezes, President of the President Julian Robert Hunte of Saint Lucia, for the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe, and to excellent work he has done.
    [Show full text]
  • Study to Map Agritourism Policies in the Caribbean
    Study to Map Agritourism Policies in the Caribbean i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The international tourism sector is a vibrant and growing one, with 598 million international tourist arrivals in the first half of 2017 alone. This was an increase of 6.4 % in comparison to the same period of the previous year. The Caribbean benefited from this increase in tourist arrivals as the region experienced a 5.2% increase in international arrivals for the same period (UNWTO, CTO, 2017). Made popular by it’s beautiful beaches and warm weather, the countries of the Caribbean have found it necessary to diversify their tourism products as more destinations have emerged across the globe, offering similar packages of sun, sea and sand. One niche market that is being explored for diversification is agritourism. Across the region, initiatives have been made by both the public and the private sector, however the necessary policy support is absent in most countries. The replacement of agriculture by tourism as a major income earner for several Caribbean countries, has accentuated the level of food imports entering the region, as hotels and restaurants have intentionally crafted dishes which are reflective of European and North American cuisine. Some studies have reported that leakages have been as high as 75% in some Caribbean nations. This severe impact on Caribbean economies has strengthened the position of agritourism as a sustainable means of diversification. This study has the primary objective of mapping the existing intersectoral linkages between agriculture and tourism in the Caribbean region and identifying where the creation of an enabling policy environment is needed to leverage investments and public partnerships to promote agritourism and its’ value chains, improve agricultural productivity and to scale up local sourcing.
    [Show full text]
  • Fourth Medium-Term Growth and Social Protection Strategy (GSPS) 2014 – 2018
    COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA Fourth Medium-Term Growth and Social Protection Strategy (GSPS) 2014 – 2018 “Towards Economic Transformation: A Pathway to Sustainable Development” Fourth Medium-Term Growth and Social Protection Strategy (GSPS) 2014 – 2018 “Towards Economic Transformation: A Pathway to Sustainable Development” CONTENTS PREFACE .................................................................................................................................................... iv 1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose and Scope of the GSPS ........................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Dominica’s Medium-term Challenges ................................................................................................ 3 1.3 Dominica’s Quest for Growth ............................................................................................................. 4 2 POVERTY REDUCTION AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ............................................................ 5 2.1 Millennium Development Goals ......................................................................................................... 6 2.2 The Institutional Framework: Social Protection Systems in Dominica ......................................... 8 3 PRIORITY POVERTY REDUCTION ACTIONS ................................................................................. 9 3.1 Poverty
    [Show full text]
  • Building Safer Cities the WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W
    Kreimer/Arnold/Carlin DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT SERIES NO. 3 Building Safer Cities THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. The Future of Washington, D.C. 20433 U.S.A. Telephone: 202-473-1000 Disaster Risk Internet: www.worldbank.org E-mail: [email protected] Building Safer Cities Edited by Alcira Kreimer, Margaret Arnold, and Anne Carlin The World Bank The World The World Bank ISBN 0-8213-5497-3 Disaster Risk Management Series Building Safer Cities: The Future of Disaster Risk Edited by Alcira Kreimer Margaret Arnold Anne Carlin The World Bank Disaster Management Facility 2003 Washington, D.C. © 2003 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone 202-473-1000 Internet www.worldbank.org E-mail [email protected] All rights reserved. 123406050403 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed here are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank cannot guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply on the part of the World Bank any judgment of the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is copyrighted. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or inclusion in any information storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the World Bank.
    [Show full text]
  • Capital Cities Around the World This Page Intentionally Left Blank Capital Cities Around the World
    Capital Cities around the World This page intentionally left blank Capital Cities around the World An Encyclopedia of Geography, History, and Culture ROMAN ADRIAN CYBRIWSKY Copyright 2013 by ABC-CLIO, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cybriwsky, Roman Adrian. Capital cities around the world : an encyclopedia of geography, history, and culture / Roman Adrian Cybriwsky. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-61069-247-2 (hardcopy : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-61069-248-9 (ebook) 1. Cities and towns. 2. Capitals. I. Title. G140.C93 2013 909'.09732—dc23 2012046346 ISBN: 978-1-61069-247-2 EISBN: 978-1-61069-248-9 17 16 15 14 13 1 2 3 4 5 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an eBook. Visit www.abc-clio.com for details. ABC-CLIO, LLC 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America Contents List of Capital Cities vii List of Capital Cities by Country xiii Preface xix Introduction xxiii Capital Cities A-Z 1 Appendix: Selected Historic Capital Cities around the World 349 Selected Bibliography 357 Index 361 This page intentionally left blank List of Capital Cities Abu
    [Show full text]
  • Country Poverty Assessment – Dominica Country
    y FINAL REPORT VOLUME 1 – MAIN REPORT in the Face of Vulnerabilit in the Face y Povert g Dominica: Reducin COUNTRY POVERTY ASSESSMENT – DOMINICA COUNTRY COUNTRY POVERTY ASSESSMENT DOMINICA VOLUME 1 MAIN REPORT Submitted to: THE CARIBBEAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Submitted by: KAIRI CONSULTANTS LIMITED 14 Cochrane Street, Tunapuna, Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies Tel: 868 663 2677; Fax: 868 663 1442 Website: www.kairi.com In collaboration with the NATIONAL ASSESSMENT TEAM OF DOMINICA COUNTRY POVERTY ASSESSMENT DOMINICA 2008/09 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................................................... VI LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................................................... X LIST OF ACRONYMS/ ABBREVIATIONS ..................................................................................................... XII EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................... XIV Process ............................................................................................................................................... xiv Context ............................................................................................................................................... xv Findings .............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]