DOCSLIB.ORG

World Bank Document

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
World Bank Document Document of The World Bank FOR OMCIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No. 5647 PROJECT COMPLETIONREPORT Public Disclosure Authorized TUNISIA SECOND HIGHWAY PROJECT (LOAN 1188-TUN) Public Disclosure Authorized May 9, 1985 Public Disclosure Authorized Europe, Middle East and North Africa Regional Office Tib docummthas a resbiced distIbudtn _d my be used by rcipkints only the performane of |dherofficid duiltb cotets may not otherwise be i dcosed witht World Bank anlhorltion. I FOR OMCIL USE ONLY PROJECTCOMPLETION REPORT TUNISIA SECOND HIGHWAY PROJECT - LOAN 1188-TUN Table of Contents Page No. Preface...................................................... (i) Basic Data Sheets............................................ (ii) Highlights ...................................................(iv) I. Introduction. 1 II. ProjectPreparation and Appraisal. 2 III. Project Implementation. 4 IV. Project Cost and Disbursements.10 V. Institutionaland OperationalDevelopment .12 VI. EconomicReevaluation .13 VII. Role of the Bank.15 VIII. Conclusions.15 TABLES 1. Actual and Expected Project Implementation.17 2. .^:tualand Appraisal Estimatesof Project Cost.18 3. Actual and Expected Traffic.19 4. EstimatedVehicle OperatingCosts .20 ANNEXES 1. ImplementationChart. 21 2. DisbursementSchedule .22 3. Borrower Comments....................................... 23 MAP IBRD 11734 (PPA) Tunisia Second Highway Project IThisdocument has a restricteddistribution andmay beused by recipientsonly in the performance | of their officialduties. Its contents may not otherwisebe disclosedwithout WorldBank authorization. S (i) PROJECTCOMPLETION REPORT TUNISIA SECOND HrGHWAY PROJECT - LOAN 1188-TUN PREFACE This Project CompletionReport describes the preparationand implementationof the Second Highway Project in Tunisia, for which Loan 1188-TUNof US$28.0 million was made in December 1975. The loan was closed on September30, 1983. The present report was preparedby the Europe, Middle East and North Africa Regional Office of the Bank on the basis of a review of the Bank files and the Borrowers'progress and completionreports. In accordancewith the revised proceduresfor project performance audit reporting,this Project CompletionReport was read by the Operations EvaluationDepartment, but the project was not audited by OED staff. The draft Project CompletionReport was sent to the Borrower for comments; their comments are reproducedas Annex 3 to the report. (ii) ERaj=raETlDt REOR S1=MD HIMMRWM - LON 1& BASIC DATA SHEET KEY1RQ3CT DaTA Appraial Actual or Iem Xcpectation Oxrent Eatimite Tobtal Project Cost (US million) 52.3 46.8 Weri tX) /11/ loan/Credit hwmDt (US$ million) 28.0 28.0 Disbursed - 22.1 Carwelled 5.95 Pepaid to my 1984 - 2.58 outstandirg 25.42 Date Plysical Ox=nmts Obpleted 6/30/79 6/30/84 Proportion Coipleted by Above Date (%) 100 30 Propotion of ie Ix1erun or Ouerrun (Z) - 100 EcmammcRate of Return (%) 33 33 0TIM EJECT DAMTA Actual or Item r n Plan Rewisins Est. Actual First Mntion in Files or Timetable - - 00/00/74/2 NegDtiations 10/28/75 / / 10/28/75 BDardApproval 12/18/75 / / 12/18/75 loan/Credit Agreent Date 01/26/76 / / 01/26/76 Effectiveness Date 04/26/76 05/26/76 06/16/76 Clasing Date 12/31/79 12/31/82 09/30/83 /3 Borrowier Governmet of ¶flisia thecuting Agency: Directorate of Public lWrks and Ministry of Tuansportatim and mnicaticns Fiscal Year of Borrower Jnuary 1 - December31 Fbllow-on Project Name Rral Radls Project toan/Credit Nxmber 1601-lUN hnmt (US$ million) 32.0 ldan/Credit Agement Date July 23, 1978 aMJIAXfl EMT,1MADANM ACIUAL DISBURSNEIS (US$'000) FY76 FY77 FY78 FY79 FY80 FY81 FY82 FY83 FY84 (a) Estinated 2,000 9,400 19,000 25,300 28,000 28,000 28,000 28,000 (b) Actual - - - 1,600 4,860 7,770 11,120 15,630 22,127 % of (b) to (a) 0 0 0 6 17 28 40 56 79 /1 Scope of project was changed. Due to dollar appreciation, there were both umderrmn in terms of dollar and overrm in termr of Inisian Dinar . /2 Project was based on pre-nvestment stidies finaoed uner First Hi*ay Project (ioan 746-WT) and implemented in 1973/75. /3 last disbursement was processed in lhy 1984. Kby 1984, Doc. 2552R (iii) PRw amlElMN RE sij H?IA BM_ - IWN 188lU ~fasion Data Date lo. of ND. Of Staff of ken Semth, YBw weeks Persoa Wees A Pt fReappraisal Hmzd1 06/74 and 09/74 1.5 2 3.0 10/18/74 Apaisal o 03/75 3.5 2 7.0 04/30/75 Ibtal 5.0 10.0 Siperi'ision I Hbiad 08/76 2.0 2 4.0 09/09/76 supeA,isi2 II " 05/77 o,.5 1 O.5 06/15/77 A&zrsisni III f 11/77 0.4 2 0.8 12/09/77 &apervision IV t 03/78 0.6 2 1.2 09/22/78 a*pervision v " 11/78 0.6 2 1.2 L2/15/78 Siperviion VI it 04/79 1.0 3 3.0 04/30/79 Saervision Vl to 07/79 0.5 2 1.0 07/17/79 Spevision VIII " 10/79 0.2 2 0.4 11/02/79 5*pervision IX g0o/80 1.4 1 1.4 02/27/80 S sperviionX 04/80 1.0 1 1.0 05/05/80 Sipeuvision xi o 07/80 0.4 2 0.8 08/01/80 Sipervisimoi It 09/80 0.3 2 0.6 10/20/80 Szpervision XIII " 02/81 0.2 2 0.4 03/10/81 &aperision XIV " 05/81 0.6 2 1.2 05/28/81 Supervision x " 11181 0.4 2 0.8 12/07/81 Sxperviision XVI G. de 1atcna 05/82 0.6 2 1.2 05/21/82 &pwvision Vn G. de Mtons 09/82 0.6 3 1.8 10/06/82 Sfpervision XVIII G. de 14tons 02/83 0.2 1 0.2 03/17/83 S.pervision DEX G. de Mbtons 05/83 0.2 3 0.6 06/22/83 Total 11.7 22.1 axNM E^N RAM Mbmeof hrreny Imisian Dinar (DT) praisal year awerage EDwhgerate: UJSUl- DT 0.385 ntervn years (cnstructton period) U$1 DET0.555 Qmuletidn year average USl =-DT 0.70 11 All Supervisimi missions were imde in cijmictia wit preparation, appraisal, and stpervisian for follow-up projects. As a result, the mnber of nmrweeksallocated for supervision of lomn 1188-8un is estiamted. Nky 1984, Ibc. 2552R (iv) PROJECT COMPLETIONREPORT TUNISIA SECOND HIGHWAY PROJECT - LOAN 1188-TUN HIGHLIGHTS The objectivesof the Second Highway Project were to reduce transportationcosts on a number of roads by improvementof primary and secondaryroads and constructionof bypasses of towns totalling225 km; to assist in transportationplanning by updating the 1968 transportsurvey; and to foster rural developmentthrough preparationof a rural roads improvement program (para. 1.04). Overall, the project achieved well its objectives. 264 km of highways were rehabilitated(instead of 225 km foreseen)at an average cost which correspondedwell with what estimatedat appraisal. Traffic increase on the project roads was substantiallyhigher than foreseen. The project's reevaluatedIRR is above 33%. Substantialprogress in institutionaland operationaldevelopment was achieved (paras.6.02-6.03 and 5.02-5.03). The project was appraisedin May 1975 on the basis of feasibility studiesand detailed engineeringprepared under the First Highway Project. The list of possible project componentsinitially identified included constructionof the Tunis-Turkiexpressway, the Bizerte bridge, highway modernization,a road maintenanceprogram and consultancyservices with a total estimatedcost of about US$137 million. The foreign cost component was estimatedat US$75 million. The Bank lendingprogram allocationfor the projectwould cover only about a third of this amount. Two issues had to be clarified:availability of other external financingfor part of the foreign cost and availabilityof counterpartfunds (para. 2.02). The Government resolved these issues by securing Kuwait Fund (KF) financingof the expresswayand Bizette bridge as a separat-eproject and providingadequate counterpartfunds in the investmentbudget (para. 2.03). However, the budgeted funds were not released in sufficient amounts for payments to both the Bank and KF financed projects. The Government gave priority to constructionof the expresswayand Bizerte bridge. After the initialprocurement of about 30% of the Second Highway Project civil works, the start of the remainingworks was delayed by three years. The project was completedin early 1984 while at appraisal the completionwas scheduled for 1979. The substantialdelays have also contributedto the large undisbursed loan balance, US$5.9 million. The causes of this balance are (i) US dollar appreciationand (ii) miscellaneousreasons among which non-paymentto contractors. Both causes are strongly tied to the delays experienced (paras.5.04, 3.16 and 4.09). - v - The studies included in the projectwere completed,albeit with some delays, and contributedto a better understandingof the need for transportationplanning and coordination. The rural roads program was prepared according to schedule, leading to an early appraisal of the Third Highway Project (paras.3.13, 3.14 and 3.15). Points of particularinterest highlightedin the project completion report are: (i) problems in project implementationdue to shortage of counterpart funds (para. 5.04); (ii) the importanceof timely acquisitionof right-of-wayand updated designs, coherentwith actual urban developmentand plans for town bypasses (para. 3.22); and (iii) the advantageof preparing follow-upprojects under ongoing projects (para. 2.01). - 1 - PROJECT COMPLETIONREPORT TUNISIA: SECONDHIGHWAY PROJECT (LOAN1188-TUN) I. INTRODUCTION 1.01 The highway network in Tunisia consists of 17,500 km of classified roads, of which half have bituminous surfacing, and about 30,000 km of unclassifiedtracks. Road density is high in the coastal area of the northeastwhere more than half the population is concentrated. The railway system includes 1,900 km of standard and meter gauge lines and carries both freight and passengers. Roads carry about 90% of passenger traffic and 85% of freight trafficexcluding minerals. Road traffic growth during the 1970s has been about 15% per year, against rail traffic growth of 6% for passengers and 1% for freight.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • C a Se Stud Y
    This project is funded by the European Union November 2020 Culture in ruins The illegal trade in cultural property Case study: Algeria and Tunisia Julia Stanyard and Rim Dhaouadi Summary This case study forms part of a set of publications on the illegal trade in cultural property across North and West Africa, made up of a research paper and three case studies (on Mali, Nigeria and North Africa). This study is focused on Algeria and Tunisia, which share the same forms of material culture but very different antiquity markets. Attention is given to the development of online markets which have been identified as a key threat to this region’s heritage. Key findings • The large-scale extraction of cultural objects in both countries has its roots in the period of French colonial rule. • During the civil war in Algeria in the 1990s, trafficking in cultural heritage was allegedly linked to insurgent anti-government groups among others. • In Tunisia, the presidential family and the political elite reportedly dominated the country’s trade in archaeological objects and controlled the illegal markets. • The modern-day trade in North African cultural property is an interlinked regional criminal economy in which objects are smuggled between Tunisia and Algeria as well as internationally. • State officials and representatives of cultural institutions are implicated in the Algerian and Tunisian antiquities markets in a range of different capacities, both as passive facilitators and active participants. • There is evidence that some architects and real estate entrepreneurs are connected to CASE STUDY CASE trafficking networks. Introduction The region is a palimpsest of ancient material,7 much of which remains unexplored and unexcavated by Cultural heritage in North Africa has come under fire archaeologists.
    [Show full text]
  • Policy Notes for the Trump Notes Administration the Washington Institute for Near East Policy ■ 2018 ■ Pn55
    TRANSITION 2017 POLICYPOLICY NOTES FOR THE TRUMP NOTES ADMINISTRATION THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY ■ 2018 ■ PN55 TUNISIAN FOREIGN FIGHTERS IN IRAQ AND SYRIA AARON Y. ZELIN Tunisia should really open its embassy in Raqqa, not Damascus. That’s where its people are. —ABU KHALED, AN ISLAMIC STATE SPY1 THE PAST FEW YEARS have seen rising interest in foreign fighting as a general phenomenon and in fighters joining jihadist groups in particular. Tunisians figure disproportionately among the foreign jihadist cohort, yet their ubiquity is somewhat confounding. Why Tunisians? This study aims to bring clarity to this question by examining Tunisia’s foreign fighter networks mobilized to Syria and Iraq since 2011, when insurgencies shook those two countries amid the broader Arab Spring uprisings. ©2018 THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY ■ NO. 30 ■ JANUARY 2017 AARON Y. ZELIN Along with seeking to determine what motivated Evolution of Tunisian Participation these individuals, it endeavors to reconcile estimated in the Iraq Jihad numbers of Tunisians who actually traveled, who were killed in theater, and who returned home. The find- Although the involvement of Tunisians in foreign jihad ings are based on a wide range of sources in multiple campaigns predates the 2003 Iraq war, that conflict languages as well as data sets created by the author inspired a new generation of recruits whose effects since 2011. Another way of framing the discussion will lasted into the aftermath of the Tunisian revolution. center on Tunisians who participated in the jihad fol- These individuals fought in groups such as Abu Musab lowing the 2003 U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • LTRC 2020: Tunisia
    Dates: June 9-13 q 2 days after EALTA 2020 q Pre-conference Workshops: June 9-10 q Conference: June 11-13 Theme Assessment in Multilingual Contexts: Models, Practices, Policies & Challenges 2-3 Invited Symposia: (tentative) •Multilingual assessment in Africa •Language Assessment in Africa and the Arab World •Assessment of Arabic as L1 and L2 Program Highlights • 3-4 pre-conference workshops: Topics TBA • 3 plenaries & 2-3 invited symposia • Symposia, papers, posters & WIPS • Social and academic events: TBA • Day trips (Carthage, Kairouan,Tunis, etc.): TBA El-Djem Call for Papers: Tentative Abstract submission July 1st - October 15th, 2019 Notification of Acceptance January 2020 Dougga The Medina, Tunis Conference venue Medina Conference Center, Hammamet • Conference center (can host 2,000 people). • More than 20 conference & meeting rooms (3 rooms for 150+). • Shuttle service to airport (50 mins). • 1-2 hours to major cities and attractions. Accommodation (in USD, including breakfast) Hotel Webpage Single/n Double/n Diar Lemdina http://www.medina.com.tn/en/hotel/ 98 132 hotel-diar-lemdina/hotel-diar-lemdina- 4* 311-130.html Belisaire & http://www.medina.com.tn/en/hotel/ 98 132 hotel-belisaire-thalasso/hammamet- Thalasso 4* tunisie-102-137.html Solaria & http://www.medina.com.tn/en/hotel/ 110 154 hotel-solaria-thalasso/hammamet- Thalasso tunisie-97-136.html Yasmine 5* Other hotels Within 10-min walk of 50-100 60-120 nearby conference center Hotel Solaria & Thalasso Banquet • Lunch to be included in registration fees. • Banquet: Shahrazaad Restaurant, with music show. Security • USA Travel Advisory: Tunisia ranks at the same Travel Advisory level as Colombia, South Africa, France, Italy and Spain.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles the Contested Legend Of
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles The Contested Legend of al-Kâhina: Prophetess or Propaganda? A thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Master of Art in African Studies by Jessica Leigh Keuter 2019 © Copyright by Jessica Leigh Keuter 2019 ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS The Contested Legend of al-Kâhina: Prophetess or Propaganda? by Jessica Leigh Keuter Master of Arts in African Studies University of California, Los Angeles, 2019 Professor Ghislaine Lydon, Chair With depictions ranging from anti-Muslim resistance warrior of the seventh century to mythical priestess, al-Kâhina looms large in the historical narratives of North African Amazigh, Jewish, and Arab peoples. Despite her legendary status, al-Kâhina’s existence as a historical female figure who reigned over the Amazigh is disputed. In this paper, I highlight the long history of colonial occupation and continual resistance organizing by the Amazigh prior to al-Kâhina’s battles with the Arab invaders at the end of the seventh century. Through analysis of secondary sources, I examine how both Arab and French occupations appropriated the legend to promote their agendas. I argue that al-Kâhina’s story has been used to enforce or combat different political agendas, both historically and today. Presently in the region , al-Kâhina has been iconized and used as the “face” of Amazigh nationalist and cultural movements. ii The thesis of Jessica Leigh Keuter is approved. Katherine M. Marino William H. Worger Ghislaine E. Lydon, Committee Chair University of California, Los Angeles 2019 iii “Someday we’ll all be gone But lullabies go on and on They never die…” ~ Billy Joel iv Contents List of Figures vi List of Maps vii Introduction 1 Historical Context 7 Early Imazighen 7 Greeks/Phoenicians 9 Early Romans 9 Roman Christianization 12 Vandals/Byzantine Control 15 Arab Invasion & Islamization 16 Ottoman Conquest 17 French Colonial Rule 17 Independence 21 Discussion of the Literature 23 Norman Roth 23 "The Kâhina: Legendary Material in the Accounts of the Jewish Berber Queen” H.T.
    [Show full text]
  • Les Sols À Accumulation Calcaire De La Tunisie Centrale Et Septentrionnale
    REPUBLIQUE TUNISIENNE Institut Français de Recherche Scientifique Laboratoire de pédologie pour le Developpement en coopération Faculté des Sciences ( Q.R.S.T.Q.M ) Université de TUNIS LES SOLS A ACCUMULATION CAL C AIRE DE LA TUNISIE C EN TR ALE E T SEPTENTRION ALE ( NO I ~~ ! 1 CH _E AU 1/500.000 ) 19 89 Ph. BLANCANEAUX , pé dologue à i '0RSTOI/ République Tunisienne INSTITUT FRANCAIS DE RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE LABORATOIRE DE PEDOLOGIE POUR LE DEVELOPPEMENT EN COOPERATION Faculté des Sciences (0 RS TOM) Université de Tunis Mission en Tunisie <NOTICE ET CARTE AU 1/500.000) Philippe BLANCANEAUX Tunis. 1989 2 RBSUIIB En Tunisie centrale et septentrionale, les sols à accumulation et/ou redistribution de calcaire sont abondamment représentés. Dans cette étude une r~partition g~ographique de ces sols est présentée dans une carte de synth~se au 1/500 000, en utilisant la classification française des' sols (C.P.C.S., 1967). Un essai de corr~lation taxonomique entre les différents systèmes de classifications françaises et américaine (U. S .D.A. , Soil Taxonomy, 1975) est tenté. Des propositions sont faites pour une am~lioration de ces dernières en ce qui concerne les ~ols à accumulation calcaire. Au niveau des Sous-groupes des principales classes de sols où se manifestent ces concentrations en calcaire, l'extension et la r~partition géographique de ces sols, les relations Sols/Roches-m~res, les caractères généraux, les caractéristiques physico-chimiques, les organisations morphologiques verticales et latérales, et l'analyse micromorpho10gique des différents faciès d'accumulations calcaires sont décrits. Un essai de chronologie quaternaire des accumulations calcaires en Tunisie Centrale et septentrionale est tenté en se calant sur les exemples des domaines c6tiers,· des plaines ou des massifs montagneux.
    [Show full text]
  • The Lost Cities of Libya, Tunisia, and Algeria
    THE LOST CITIES OF LIBYA, TUNISIA, AND ALGERIA North Africa’s Greco-Roman Treasures Aboard the 17-Cabin Yacht Callisto April 2 - 14, 2007 Archaeological Institute of America Lecturer and Host The Archaeological Institute of Archaeological Institute of America lecturer and host Hector Williams has been America and the AIA Tours Program excavating in the Mediterranean since 1968. He specializes in the Greek and Roman Believing that a greater understanding of the past periods, applications of geophysics to archaeology, and underwater archaeology. Dr. enhances our shared sense of humanity and Williams is Professor of Classics and Classical Archaeology at the University of enriches our existence, the Archaeological Institute of America seeks to educate people of all British Columbia in Vancouver, and has been directing UBC’s two archaeological ages about the significance of archaeological dis- projects in Greece for nearly a quarter century. He has also done fieldwork in North covery. When you participate on an AIA Tour Africa, the Middle East, Italy, Malta, and excavated for ten seasons at Anemurium you support the AIA. The AIA has been dedicat- on the south coast of Turkey. ed to the encouragement and support of archaeo- logical research and publication and to the pro- Dr. Williams is a native of Churchill, Manitoba (“Polar Bear Capital of the World”) tection of the world’s archaeological resources and cultural heritage for more than a century. A and was educated at the University of Manitoba and the University of Chicago non-profit cultural and educational organization (M.A., Ph.D.). He helped found the Underwater Archaeological Society of British chartered by the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • IFRIQAYA Notes for a Tour of Northern Africa in September-October 2011
    IFRIQAYA notes for a tour of northern Africa in September-October 2011 Miles Lewis Cover illustration: the Castellum of Kaoua. Gsell, Monuments Antiques, I, p 105. CONTENTS Preamble 5 History 6 Modern Algeria 45 Modern Tunisia 58 Modern Libya 65 Timeline 65 Pre-Roman Architecture 72 Greek & Roman Architecture 75 Christian Architecture 87 Islamic Architecture 98 Islamic and Vernacular Building Types 100 Pisé and Concrete 102 The Entablature and Dosseret Block 104 Reconstruction of the Classical Language 107 LIBYA day 1: Benghazi 109 day 2: the Pentapolis 110 day 3: Sabratha 118 day 4: Lepcis Magna & the Villa Sileen 123 day 5: Ghadames 141 day 6: Nalut, Kabaw, Qasr-el-Haj 142 day 7: Tripoli 144 TUNISIA day 8: Tunis & Carthage 150 day 9: the Matmata Plateau 160 day 10: Sbeitla; Kairouan 167 day 11: El Jem 181 day 12: Cap Bon; Kerkouane 184 day 13: rest day – options 187 day 14: Thuburbo Majus; Dougga 190 day 15: Chemtou; Bulla Regia; Tabarka 199 ALGERIA day 16: Ain Drahram; cross to Algeria; Hippo 201 day 17: Hippo; Tiddis; Constantine 207 day 18: Tébessa 209 day 19: Timgad; Lambaesis 214 day 20: Djémila 229 day 21: Algiers 240 day 22: Tipasa & Cherchell 243 day 23: Tlemcen 252 Ifriqaya 5 PREAMBLE This trip is structured about but by no means confined to Roman sites in North Africa, specifically today’s Libya, Tunisia and Algeria. But we look also at the vernacular, the Carthaginian, the Byzantine and the early Islamic in the same region. In the event the war in Libya has forced us to omit that country from the current excursion, though the notes remain here.
    [Show full text]
  • Map 33 Theveste-Hadrumetum Compiled by R.B
    Map 33 Theveste-Hadrumetum Compiled by R.B. Hitchner, 1997 Introduction (See Map 32) Directory All place names are in Tunisia unless otherwise noted Abbreviations AAA S. Gsell, Atlas archéologique de l’Algérie, Algiers and Paris, 1911 AAT I E. Babelon, R. Cagnat and S. Reinach, Atlas archéologique de la Tunisie (1:50,000), Paris, 1892-1913 AAT II R. Cagnat and A. Merlin, Atlas archéologique de la Tunisie (1:100,000), Paris, 1914-32 Names Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference D1 A(...) RL Ksar Mdoudja AAT II, 30.133 H2 Acholla HRL Ras Botria Desanges 1980, 306 A2 Ad Aquas Caesaris RL Youks ALG AAA 28.253 B1 Ad Arvalla? RL near Koudiat-es-Snouber AAA 19.159 ALG F4 (Ad) Oleastrum? RL Henchir-Ferchatt-Zabouza Trousset 1992 F2 Aeliae? RL Henchir-Mraba ItAnt 55.4; AAT I, 73.19-20 G1 Aggar? HR? Henchir-Maklouba AAT I, 74.41; EncBerb 2 E1 Agger HRL Henchir-Sidi-Amara or AAT II, 30.262; Sebaï 1988; EncBerb 2 Henchir-el-Khima Aggar B2 Ain-Bou-Driès RL ALG AAA 40.62; Pringle 1981, 178-79 C1 Ain-el-Hamedna R? AAT II, 35.113 E1 Ain-es-Sif RL AAT I, 48.31-32 H1 Alipota?/ H/ Salakta Tissot 1888, 176; AAT I, 74.49 Gummi RL? C1 Althiburos HRL Medeina / Mdeina AAT II, 29.97 B1 Ammaedara RL Haidra AAT II, 40.5; Lepelley 1981, 64-68; EncBerb 4 H2 Ammonos Balithonos HR/ Ras Kapoudia EncBerb 12 Caput Vada Akra/ Caput Vada L § Brachodes Akra Ptol. 4.3.2 E1 Aquae Regiae RL AAT I, 63.43-44 (near); Lancel 1991, 1311-12 B1 Ardalius fl.
    [Show full text]
  • Repeated Historical Earthquakes in Sousse, Monastir and El-Jem (Tunisia)—An Archaeoseismological Study
    Arabian Journal of Geosciences (2021) 14: 214 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-020-06372-w ORIGINAL PAPER Repeated historical earthquakes in Sousse, Monastir and El-Jem (Tunisia)—an archaeoseismological study Miklós Kázmér1 Received: 19 May 2020 /Accepted: 16 December 2020 / Published online: 1 February 2021 # The Author(s) 2021 Abstract Tunisia is known of sparse and moderate earthquakes. However, there are seismically damaged historical buildings in the eastern Sahel region. The Roman amphitheatre of Thysdrus (modern El-Jem), various Islamic religious and secular buildings in Sousse and Monastir testify to seismic events with intensity up to IX (EMS98 scale). We raise the hypothesis that their destruction was caused by the nearby east-west Cherichira-Abaieh Fault and the north-south Monastir Fault. Simultaneity of the 859 AD Kairouan earthquake and extensive restoration works in Sousse 50 km to the east allow assessing magnitude up to 7.2 based on segment length. The city was hit both by the 859 AD and a post-1575 earthquake. Being nearby two active faults, seismic hazard in Sousse is higher than either in Kairouan or in Monastir. Keywords Archaeoseismology . Earthquake . Seismic Hazard . Tunisia Introduction recently. Bahrouni et al. (2019, 2020a) offered a glimpse on archaeological evidence of the AD 859 earthquake in The diffuse plate boundary along the northern margin of Kairouan. Africa had earthquakes up to M 7.3 during the past six Recently, the author carried out pilot studies in three sites in decades. Tectonic activity is concentrated along the less seismic eastern Sahel region of Tunisia: Roman transpressional folds and strike-slip faults within the Thysdrus (modern El-Jem) and in the Islamic medina (old coastal Atlas region, both onshore and offshore town) of Sousse and Monastir (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Fountains in the Sand - Rambles Among the Oases of Tunisia
    Fountains In The Sand - Rambles Among The Oases Of Tunisia Norman Douglas The Project Gutenberg EBook of Fountains In The Sand, by Norman Douglas #2 in our series by Norman Douglas Copyright laws are changing all over the world. Be sure to check the copyright laws for your country before downloading or redistributing this or any other Project Gutenberg eBook. This header should be the first thing seen when viewing this Project Gutenberg file. Please do not remove it. Do not change or edit the header without written permission. Please read the "legal small print," and other information about the eBook and Project Gutenberg at the bottom of this file. Included is important information about your specific rights and restrictions in how the file may be used. You can also find out about how to make a donation to Project Gutenberg, and how to get involved. **Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts** **eBooks Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971** *****These eBooks Were Prepared By Thousands of Volunteers!***** Title: Fountains In The Sand Rambles Among The Oases Of Tunisia Author: Norman Douglas Release Date: May, 2005 [EBook #8185] [Yes, we are more than one year ahead of schedule] [This file was first posted on June 27, 2003] Edition: 10 Language: English Character set encoding: ASCII *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FOUNTAINS IN THE SAND *** Produced by Eric Eldred, S.R.Ellison and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team. [Illustration: Photo Portrait--Girl in Shawl] FOUNTAINS IN THE SAND RAMBLES AMONG THE OASES OF TUNISIA _By Norman Douglas_ CONTENTS CHAPTER I.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Itinerary
    ACROSS AFRICA TOURS & TRAVEL 2035 Sunset lake Road Newark Delaware 19702 | (+1)800-205-5754 | Fax 1 (424) 333-0903 | [email protected] The Wonders of Southern Tunisia Adventure 7D/6N Embark on a 7 days trip to discover visit all seven of Tunisia’s UNESCO World Heritage Sites – Dougga, Kairouan, the medinas of Sousse and Tunis, the Punic remains of Kerkuane, magnificent Carthage, and El Djem, the largest Roman amphitheatre in North Africa. Itinerary Day 1 Arrive in Djerba Arrival to Djerba. Reception at the airport and transfer to the hotel. Route: 35 min, 27km Steps: Djerba Accommodation: Overnight at Dar El Bhar hotel or similar Day 2 Discovery of the ksours and berber villages After breakfast, depart via the Roman Road to Tataouine. Visit of the city then continuation towards Ksar Ouled Soltane, filming location of some scenes from the film “Star Wars” and one of the best Ksours in southern Tunisia. Departure for Chenini, a small village embedded in the mountain, famous for its ksours and its houses dug in the walls of the mountains and visit (about 40min on foot) with a local guide who will be happy to share with you the history of his village and its traditions. Lunch in a typical restaurant. After the meal, hike with a local guide between the village of Chenini and the village of Douiret where you will spend the night (about 3 hours). Arrival in Douiret and free time to stroll around the village. Dinner and overnight at a cottage on top of the mountain. Walking time: around 3h Stages: Tataouine Chenini – Douiret Accommodation: Night at Raouf’s cottage Day 3 The night under tent After breakfast, departure to Ksar Ghilane, a small exotic oasis in the Sahara, famous for its natural thermal water source, where you can swim.
    [Show full text]
  • Hintergrund Gute Reise
    Inhalt Hintergrund Autoren: Rawlinson Carter (Die Phönizier kommen, Karthago Ein pragmatisches Volk 15 Unsere Tunesien-Spezialistin gegen Rom, Die arabische Eroberung, Die Türken kommen, Vom Protektorat zur Republik, Piraten, Wüstenkrieg, Das Leben in Geschichte Karthago, Wein, Troglodyten, Jüdische Gemeinden), Robert Chote Daniela Schetar ist Ethnologin und (Sousse und Port el-Kantaoui, Kairouan), Phillip Cooper (Die Geschichtlicher Überblick ______________________________ 18 unternimmt seit Jahren ausgedehnte Reisen in Tunesier,Architektur, Musik), Julian Cremona (Flora und Fauna, Die Phönizier kommen ________________________________ 21 Nord-, West- und Südafrika. Als freie Journalistin Expeditionen), Andrew Eames (Drehorte), Sylvie Franquet Karthago gegen Rom ________________________________ 25 publiziert sie vorwiegend über die Themen (Tunesische Kochkunst), Robert Hatford (Die antiken Vortorte von Die arabische Eroberung ______________________________ 33 Tunis, Der Tell), Lennox Manton (im Bild: Die Sprache der Steine), Maghreb und Schwarzafrika. Den vorliegenden Dorothy Stannard (Ein pragmatisches Volk, Geschichtlicher Die Türken kommen __________________________________ 41 Band bearbeitete und aktulaisierte sie, die Überblick, Der moderne Staat, Die Stellung der Frau, Tunesien ̈ Thema: Piraten ____________________________________ 45 Top 50 stammen aus ihrer Feder. erleben, Tunis, Cap Bon, Der Norden, Der Sahel, Von Monastir Vom Protektorat zur Republik __________________________ 49 nach Sfax, Der Süden, Die Oasen, Die Ksour-Region,
    [Show full text]