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Torsion Springs 290-303 TORSIONr1_290-303 TORSIONr1 4/18/11 10:42 AM Page 290 1-800-237-5225 1-213 -749 -1466 Fax (213)749-3802 www.centuryspring.com TORSION SPRINGS Century Spring offers a selection of torsion springs The direction of the fabricated wind can be important with legs of equal length oriented at varying unloaded for torsion spring applications due to the leg angles. The torsion spring configuration is created for bearing/attachment locations having to be on the left or the purpose of storing and releasing angular energy or right side upon assembly. for the purpose of statically holding a mechanism in place by deflecting the legs about the body centerline A torsion spring is normally supported by a rod axis. A spring of this type will reduce in body diameter (mandrel) that is coincident with the theoretical hingeline and increase slightly in body length when deflected in of the final product. the preferred direction of the fabricated wind. Selecting a Torsion Spring: TORSION SPRINGS • First, determine the torque the spring will be expected to • Next, scan down the inventory’s “Rate” column for a spring develop. The torque (or moment) is simply the applied force with an acceptable rate. When found, observe the spring’s (pounds) pushing perpendicularly on a leg or leg extension “Inside diameter” (I.D.) and “Body Width” (length) columns times its distance (inches) to the centerline of the spring for size compatibility with your application. body. A typical example is depicted below: • The “Suggested Maximum Deflection” column reflects limits (degrees) that should produce a long service life with average cycling. These values can be increased by as much as 20% for static (non-oscillatory) applications. Near-infinite service life can be possible using values of about 35% of those listed. • The initial unloaded relative-leg-angle orientation is determined by the number of coils in the spring body: • Next, determine the angular deflection (degrees of motion) through which the spring leg is required to rotate. Divide the torque by this angle to obtain the spring constant (rate) you require: Or, if the torque required to rotate the spring through a given angle is required: Torque = Rate x Degrees 290 290-303 TORSIONr1_290-303 TORSIONr1 4/18/11 10:42 AM Page 291 1-800-237-5225 1-213 -749 -1466 Fax (213)749-3802 www.centuryspring.com • If it takes the right hand and index finger to simulate the • The body inside diameter (I.D.) decreases according to: spring’s end view then it would be a right-hand wound spring. See the following depiction: Where: N = Number of coils REVs = Number of leg revolutions • Once the inside diameter of the load-contracted spring body is determined, the supporting mandrel’s maximum diameter is usually set to about 90% of this value. If the needed spring for your application cannot be found in our inventory, we can fabricate it for you. Often, there is no cost increase for this service because of quantity requirements. • The body (solid) lengthening due to deflection increases approximately by one wire diameter for each complete leg Call our Custom Spring department for a quote. revolution (360 degrees). Design Information The spring rate and stress for helical, round-wire torsion springs can be calculated from: TORSION SPRINGS Where: P = Load, lbs. L = Moment arm, inches θ = Angle of deflection, degrees E = 30x106,(28x106/stainless) Young’s Modulus d = Wire diameter, inches D = Body mean diameter (O.D. - d), inches O.D.= Outside diameter, inches N = Number of coils The uncorrected stress can be used for static applications. K = Stress correction factor (see plot at right) R = Rate (constant), in.-lbs./deg. The suggested maximum-allowable-stress value (S) for a S = Stress (in bending), p.s.i. torsion spring is considered to be 75% of the material’s minimum tensile strength (MTS). MTS values are a function of Bending deflections of long legs under load must be the wire diameter and can be found in the “Material Properties” considered for some applications and added to the total section of this catalog. angular deflection. Spring Characteristics Materials Tolerances The highest grades of spring wire are used in fabricating our Tolerance values for torsion springs depend on the body- springs. To create cost-effective warehousing of our stock spring diameter to wire-diameter ratio and are about +/- 10% in inventory for our customers, we offer material certifications for torque and +/- 5% in diameter. custom die springs only. Certifications of conformance for geometric tolerances set by the Spring Manufacturers Institute Finish (SMI) are available for our stock springs on request. See the The finishes available for torsion springs are as indicated in “Custom Spring” section of this catalog if material trace the “Finish” column of the following inventory listings. They certifications or unique materials are required. include: “Spring Steel” is a broad term for: Zinc Music wire Gold Irridite Hard-drawn Wire Passivated (upon request) Oil-tempered Wire None (can be plated upon request) Alloy steels are offered in (300 series) stainless only for stock torsion springs. 291 290-303 TORSIONr1_290-303 TORSIONr1 4/18/11 10:42 AM Page 292 1-800-237-5225 1-213 -749 -1466 Fax (213)749-3802 www.centuryspring.com CENTURY SUGG. SUGG. MAX. NO. SUGG. M F LEG LNGTH. BODY LNGTH. RATE MAX. WIND A N STOCK I.D. O.D. In-Lbs. N-mm LOAD OF WIRE DIA. MANDREL DIA. Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm Inches mm DEFL. In-Lbs. N-mm DIRECT. Inches mm T’ S NUMBER Deg. Deg. Deg. COILS Inches mm L H TO-1074 .078 1.98 .102 2.59 .39 9.9 .12 3.14 .00021 .024 153 .032 3.6 8.375 RIGHT .012 .30 .06 1.60 SPR N TO-5000LS .079 2.01 .103 2.62 .38 9.5 .14 3.60 .00017 .020 215 .037 4.2 9.75 LEFT .012 .30 .06 1.61 SST N TO-5000RS .079 2.01 .103 2.62 .38 9.5 .14 3.60 .00017 .020 215 .037 4.2 9.75 RIGHT .012 .30 .06 1.61 SST N TO-5000L .079 2.01 .103 2.62 .37 9.4 .14 3.60 .00018 .020 263 .047 5.3 9.75 LEFT .012 .30 .06 1.59 MW N TO-5000R .079 2.01 .103 2.62 .38 9.5 .14 3.60 .00019 .021 225 .042 4.7 9.75 RIGHT .012 .30 .06 1.60 MW N TO-5001LS .081 2.06 .105 2.67 .38 9.5 .06 1.42 .00052 .059 72 .037 4.2 3.25 LEFT .012 .30 .06 1.65 SST N TO-5001RS .081 2.06 .105 2.67 .38 9.5 .06 1.42 .00052 .059 72 .037 4.2 3.25 RIGHT .012 .30 .06 1.65 SST N TO-5001L .081 2.06 .105 2.67 .38 9.5 .06 1.42 .00056 .063 79 .044 5.0 3.25 LEFT .012 .30 .06 1.64 MW N TO-5001R .081 2.06 .105 2.67 .38 9.5 .06 1.42 .00056 .063 79 .044 5.0 3.25 RIGHT .012 .30 .06 1.64 MW N TO-5003LS .081 2.06 .111 2.82 .50 13 .07 1.78 .00104 .117 64 .067 7.6 3.25 LEFT .015 .38 .07 1.66 SST N TO-5003RS .081 2.06 .111 2.82 .50 13 .07 1.78 .00104 .117 64 .067 7.6 3.25 RIGHT .015 .38 .07 1.66 SST N TO-5003L .081 2.06 .111 2.82 .50 13 .07 1.78 .00111 .126 70 .078 8.8 3.25 LEFT .015 .38 .06 1.65 MW N TO-5003R .081 2.06 .111 2.82 .50 13 .07 1.78 .00111 .126 70 .078 8.8 3.25 RIGHT .015 .38 .06 1.65 MW N TO-1094 .085 2.16 .109 2.77 .38 9.5 .09 2.35 .00026 .029 143 .037 4.2 6. LEFT .012 .30 .07 1.72 SST N TO-5002LS .086 2.18 .110 2.79 .38 9.5 .09 2.35 .00026 .029 143 .037 4.2 6. LEFT .012 .30 .07 1.74 SST N TO-5002RS .086 2.18 .110 2.79 .38 9.5 .09 2.35 .00026 .029 143 .037 4.2 6. RIGHT .012 .30 .07 1.74 SST N TO-5002L .086 2.18 .110 2.79 .38 9.5 .09 2.35 .00028 .031 158 .044 5.0 6. LEFT .012 .30 .07 1.73 MW N TO-5002R .086 2.18 .110 2.79 .38 9.5 .09 2.35 .00028 .031 158 .044 5.0 6. RIGHT .012 .30 .07 1.73 MW N TORSION SPRINGS TO-1004 .093 2.36 .143 3.63 .39 9.9 1.16 29.34 .00062 .070 508 .32 36 41. LEFT .025 .64 .08 1.94 MW N TO-1023 .093 2.36 .143 3.63 .37 9.4 1.16 29.42 .00062 .070 508 .32 36 41.125 LEFT .025 .64 .08 1.94 MW N TO-1066 .093 2.36 .147 3.73 .84 21 .79 19.99 .00134 .151 239 .32 36 25.5 LEFT .027 .69 .08 1.96 SPR N TO-1056 .093 2.36 .215 5.46 .93 24 1.48 37.50 .03304 3.734 85 2.8 316 21. LEFT .061 1.55 .08 1.99 SPR N TO-5006LS .095 2.41 .125 3.18 .50 13 .18 4.51 .00035 .039 199 .069 7.8 9.75 LEFT .015 .38 .08 1.94 SST N TO-5006RS .095 2.41 .125 3.18 .50 13 .18 4.51 .00035 .039 199 .069 7.8 9.75 RIGHT .015 .38 .08 1.94 SST N TO-5006L .095 2.41 .125 3.18 .50 13 .18 4.51 .00037 .042 215 .079 8.9 9.75 LEFT .015 .38 .08 1.93 MW N TO-5006R .095 2.41 .125 3.18 .50 13 .18 4.51 .00037 .042 215 .079 8.9 9.75 RIGHT .015 .38 .08 1.93 MW N TO-5005LS .096 2.44 .124 3.15 .50 13 .17 4.20 .00026 .029 228 .059 6.7 9.75 LEFT .014 .36 .08 1.95 SST N TO-5005RS .096 2.44 .124 3.15 .50 13 .17 4.20 .00026 .029 228 .059 6.7 9.75 RIGHT .014 .36 .08 1.95 SST N TO-5005L .096 2.44 .124 3.15 .50 13 .17 4.20 .00028 .031 250 .070 7.9 9.75 LEFT .014 .36 .08 1.93 MW N TO-5005R .096 2.44 .124 3.15 .50 13 .17 4.20 .00028 .031 250 .070 7.9 9.75 RIGHT .014 .36 .08 1.93 MW N TO-5004LS .096 2.44 .124 3.15 .50 13 .07 1.66 .00078 .088 73 .057 6.4 3.25 LEFT .014 .36 .08 1.95 SST N TO-5004RS .096 2.44 .124 3.15 .50 13 .07 1.66 .00078 .088 73 .057 6.4 3.25 RIGHT .014 .36 .08 1.95 SST N TO-5004L .096 2.44 .124 3.15 .50 13 .07 1.66 .00083 .094 86 .072 8.1 3.25 LEFT .014 .36 .08 1.93 MW N TO-5004R .096 2.44 .124 3.15 .50 13 .07 1.66 .00083 .094 86 .072 8.1 3.25 RIGHT .014 .36 .08 1.93 MW N TO-1095 .100 2.54 .130 3.30 .50 13 .13 3.35 .00045 .051 149 .068 7.7 7.
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