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In the Name of Krishna: the Cultural Landscape of a North Indian Pilgrimage Town
In the Name of Krishna: The Cultural Landscape of a North Indian Pilgrimage Town A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Sugata Ray IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Frederick M. Asher, Advisor April 2012 © Sugata Ray 2012 Acknowledgements They say writing a dissertation is a lonely and arduous task. But, I am fortunate to have found friends, colleagues, and mentors who have inspired me to make this laborious task far from arduous. It was Frederick M. Asher, my advisor, who inspired me to turn to places where art historians do not usually venture. The temple city of Khajuraho is not just the exquisite 11th-century temples at the site. Rather, the 11th-century temples are part of a larger visuality that extends to contemporary civic monuments in the city center, Rick suggested in the first class that I took with him. I learnt to move across time and space. To understand modern Vrindavan, one would have to look at its Mughal past; to understand temple architecture, one would have to look for rebellions in the colonial archive. Catherine B. Asher gave me the gift of the Mughal world – a world that I only barely knew before I met her. Today, I speak of the Islamicate world of colonial Vrindavan. Cathy walked me through Mughal mosques, tombs, and gardens on many cold wintry days in Minneapolis and on a hot summer day in Sasaram, Bihar. The Islamicate Krishna in my dissertation thus came into being. -
Bhoga-Bhaagya-Yogyata Lakshmi
BHOGA-BHAAGYA-YOGYATA LAKSHMI ( FULFILLMENT AS ONE DESERVES) Edited, compiled, and translated by VDN Rao, Retd. General Manager, India Trade Promotion Organization, Ministry of Commerce, Govt. of India, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi, currently at Chennai 1 Other Scripts by the same Author: Essence of Puranas:-Maha Bhagavata, Vishnu Purana, Matsya Purana, Varaha Purana, Kurma Purana, Vamana Purana, Narada Purana, Padma Purana; Shiva Purana, Linga Purana, Skanda Purana, Markandeya Purana, Devi Bhagavata;Brahma Purana, Brahma Vaivarta Purana, Agni Purana, Bhavishya Purana, Nilamata Purana; Shri Kamakshi Vilasa Dwadasha Divya Sahasranaama: a) Devi Chaturvidha Sahasra naama: Lakshmi, Lalitha, Saraswati, Gayatri; b) Chaturvidha Shiva Sahasra naama-Linga-Shiva-Brahma Puranas and Maha Bhagavata; c) Trividha Vishnu and Yugala Radha-Krishna Sahasra naama-Padma-Skanda-Maha Bharata and Narada Purana. Stotra Kavacha- A Shield of Prayers Purana Saaraamsha; Select Stories from Puranas Essence of Dharma Sindhu Essence of Shiva Sahasra Lingarchana Essence of Paraashara Smtiti Essence of Pradhana Tirtha Mahima Dharma Bindu Essence of Upanishads : Brihadaranyaka , Katha, Tittiriya, Isha, Svetashwara of Yajur Veda- Chhandogya and Kena of Saama Veda-Atreya and Kausheetaki of Rig Veda-Mundaka, Mandukya and Prashna of Atharva Veda ; Also ‘Upanishad Saaraamsa’ (Quintessence of Upanishads) Essence of Virat Parva of Maha Bharata Essence of Bharat Yatra Smriti Essence of Brahma Sutras Essence of Sankhya Parijnaana- Also Essence of Knowledge of Numbers Essence of Narada Charitra; Essence Neeti Chandrika-Essence of Hindu Festivals and Austerities- Essence of Manu Smriti*- Quintessence of Manu Smriti* - *Essence of Pratyaksha Bhaskara- Essence of Maha Narayanopanishad*-Essence of Vidya-Vigjnaana-Vaak Devi* Note: All the above Scriptures already released on www. -
South-Indian Images of Gods and Goddesses
ASIA II MB- • ! 00/ CORNELL UNIVERSITY* LIBRARY Date Due >Sf{JviVre > -&h—2 RftPP )9 -Af v^r- tjy J A j£ **'lr *7 i !! in ^_ fc-£r Pg&diJBii'* Cornell University Library NB 1001.K92 South-indian images of gods and goddesse 3 1924 022 943 447 AGENTS FOR THE SALE OF MADRAS GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. IN INDIA. A. G. Barraud & Co. (Late A. J. Combridge & Co.)> Madras. R. Cambrav & Co., Calcutta. E. M. Gopalakrishna Kone, Pudumantapam, Madura. Higginbothams (Ltd.), Mount Road, Madras. V. Kalyanarama Iyer & Co., Esplanade, Madras. G. C. Loganatham Brothers, Madras. S. Murthv & Co., Madras. G. A. Natesan & Co., Madras. The Superintendent, Nazair Kanun Hind Press, Allahabad. P. R. Rama Iyer & Co., Madras. D. B. Taraporevala Sons & Co., Bombay. Thacker & Co. (Ltd.), Bombay. Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta. S. Vas & Co., Madras. S.P.C.K. Press, Madras. IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. B. H. Blackwell, 50 and 51, Broad Street, Oxford. Constable & Co., 10, Orange Street, Leicester Square, London, W.C. Deighton, Bell & Co. (Ltd.), Cambridge. \ T. Fisher Unwin (Ltd.), j, Adelphi Terrace, London, W.C. Grindlay & Co., 54, Parliament Street, London, S.W. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. (Ltd.), 68—74, iCarter Lane, London, E.C. and 25, Museum Street, London, W.C. Henry S. King & Co., 65, Cornhill, London, E.C. X P. S. King & Son, 2 and 4, Great Smith Street, Westminster, London, S.W.- Luzac & Co., 46, Great Russell Street, London, W.C. B. Quaritch, 11, Grafton Street, New Bond Street, London, W. W. Thacker & Co.^f*Cre<d Lane, London, E.O? *' Oliver and Boyd, Tweeddale Court, Edinburgh. -
In This Issue... Srila Prabhupada Editor’S Note Basic Teaching 3 July Was a Busy Month with Sri Sri Radha Radhanath Past Spiritual Teacher Temple Hosting Two Retreats
Contents In this issue... Srila Prabhupada Editor’s Note Basic Teaching 3 July was a busy month with Sri Sri Radha Radhanath Past Spiritual Teacher Temple hosting two retreats. Our Bhakti Yoga Society The Destroyer of Anarthas 4 welcomed over fifty students from around the country to experience Krishna consciousness first hand. One Vaishnava Kitchen of the happy participants shares his experience in our Varuni 4 Youth Column. Festival Focus Over twenty children gathered for the three-day The Lord Descent 5 “Krishna Kid's Winter Retreat.” They were treated to a variety of activities from arts and crafts, to baking, Youth Column dance, drama, yoga, and poetry. The exciting part Conquered by Love 6 of the retreat was that all activities were spiritually centred. The focus was on how to offer their unique Once Upon A Time abilities, talents and skills to serve Krishna. On the Desire Tree of Love 8 final day of the retreat, the children went home with a host of goodies, big smiles, and wonderful memories. News After having a wonderful spiritual experience, the 5th Vedic Ecology Convention 9 children shared their eagerness for the next one. Welbedatch Nama-hatta 10 Vedic Observer Strike a Woman, Strike a Rock 11 God Conscious Parenting The Language of Love 12 International News Ananta Shanti Reshaped Russia 13 The Holy Name The Love Language of Service 13 From festivals to women’s lib, this issue of Hare Krishna News covers it all. The Holy Name series Young Vaishnavas Column 14 and God Conscious Parenting column touch on the non-spoken love languages, which is vital to healthy Vaishnava Calendar 14 relationships. -
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Writings & Speeches Vol. 4
Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (14th April 1891 - 6th December 1956) BLANK DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR WRITINGS AND SPEECHES VOL. 4 Compiled by VASANT MOON Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar : Writings and Speeches Vol. 4 First Edition by Education Department, Govt. of Maharashtra : October 1987 Re-printed by Dr. Ambedkar Foundation : January, 2014 ISBN (Set) : 978-93-5109-064-9 Courtesy : Monogram used on the Cover page is taken from Babasaheb Dr. Ambedkar’s Letterhead. © Secretary Education Department Government of Maharashtra Price : One Set of 1 to 17 Volumes (20 Books) : Rs. 3000/- Publisher: Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment, Govt. of India 15, Janpath, New Delhi - 110 001 Phone : 011-23357625, 23320571, 23320589 Fax : 011-23320582 Website : www.ambedkarfoundation.nic.in The Education Department Government of Maharashtra, Bombay-400032 for Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Source Material Publication Committee Printer M/s. Tan Prints India Pvt. Ltd., N. H. 10, Village-Rohad, Distt. Jhajjar, Haryana Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment & Chairperson, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Kumari Selja MESSAGE Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the Chief Architect of Indian Constitution was a scholar par excellence, a philosopher, a visionary, an emancipator and a true nationalist. He led a number of social movements to secure human rights to the oppressed and depressed sections of the society. He stands as a symbol of struggle for social justice. The Government of Maharashtra has done a highly commendable work of publication of volumes of unpublished works of Dr. Ambedkar, which have brought out his ideology and philosophy before the Nation and the world. In pursuance of the recommendations of the Centenary Celebrations Committee of Dr. -
Armor of the Gods
Armor of the Gods Brandy Williams Copyright 2020 Brandy Williams Publication Date June 19, 2020 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA. Armor of the Gods Page 2 Armor of the Gods We can wear the gods. Anyone can sit in the presence or field of a deity to connect with them, exchange energy, received gifts and insights, make offerings. This practice is common to spiritual systems. In Witchcraft it's called drawing down the moon, in Tantra it's called deity yoga, in Hellenistic ritual it's called theurgy or god-work, in Golden Dawn ceremonial it's called assumption of god-form. In all these practices you call a single deity. There is another practice of wearing the gods. This form maps multiple deities onto the human body. The effect of this practice is to build up an energy net in and around in the subtle body to protect the practitioner physically, emotionally, mentally and spiritually. In Tantra it's called nyasa, which means the act of placing a kavacam, a word translated into English as armor. I perform three specific practices. One comes from the Tantric Hindu tradition and is practiced today by millions of people. The second comes from the Kemetic tradition which is being revived in the African American community and by sincere Pagan and magical practitioners. -
Shani on the Web: Virality and Vitality in Digital Popular Hinduism
religions Article Shani on the Web: Virality and Vitality in Digital Popular Hinduism Varuni Bhatia School of Arts and Sciences, Azim Premji University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560100, India; [email protected] Received: 10 August 2020; Accepted: 3 September 2020; Published: 6 September 2020 Abstract: What do god posters circulating online tell us about the practice of popular Hinduism in the age of digital mediatization? The article seeks to address the question by exploring images and god posters dedicated to the planetary deity Shani on Web 2.0. The article tracks Shani’s presence on a range of online platforms—from the religion and culture pages of newspapers to YouTube videos and social media platforms. Using Shani’s presence on the Web as a case study, the article argues that content drawn from popular Hinduism, dealing with astrology, ritual, religious vows and observances, form a significant and substantial aspect of online Hinduism. The article draws attention to the specific affordances of Web 2.0 to radically rethink what engaging with the sacred object in a virtual realm may entail. In doing so, it indicates what the future of Hindu religiosity may look like. Keywords: digital Hinduism; god posters; Shani; Hindu images; Hinduism and mediatization The power of digital media impinges on everyday life in contemporary times with ever-increasing scope and intensity. The unfolding COVID-19 pandemic has brought this fact into sharper relief than, perhaps, ever before. Needless to say, this enhanced digitality has also permeated the sphere of religion and religious rituals. How different religions reformulate ritual practices in the light of the pandemic and the theological and doctrinal implications of such reformulations is a topic for a different discussion. -
Ramakatha Rasavahini II 7 Preface for This Edition 8 This Book 9 the Inner Meaning 11 Chapter 1
Ramakatha Rasavahini II Stream of Sacred Sweetness Sathya Sai Baba Contents Ramakatha Rasavahini II 7 Preface for this Edition 8 This Book 9 The Inner Meaning 11 Chapter 1. The Dandaka Forest 12 The fool Jayanta 12 A visit to the sage Athri’s hermitage 12 A stay at a beautiful hermitage 13 An encounter with Viradha, the ogre 14 Sarabhanga immolates himself 14 Sutheekshna adores Rama 15 On to Agastya’s ashram 16 Agastya asks not to be deluded into egotism 17 The story of the curse on Dandaka Forest 18 On to Dandaka Forest 18 Chapter 2. Panchavati 20 Lakshmana’s sense of duty 20 Rama constantly has visitors 21 Rama discourses on spiritual matters 22 Surpanakha falls for Lakshmana 23 Surpanakha is punished 24 The demons want revenge 25 The demons kill each other! 26 Ascetic sages visit Rama 27 Ravana hears Surpanakha’s story 28 Chapter 3. The Wily Villain 30 The thoughts of Ravana and Vibhishana 30 Ravana enlists Maricha’s help 30 Rama and Sita discuss their plans 31 The deer entices the brothers 32 Rama stalks and kills the deer 33 Caught between two loyalties 34 Sita is kidnapped! 35 Jatayu tries to save Sita 35 The brothers lament Sita’s disappearance 36 Lakshmana realizes the truth 37 Rama assents 38 Study the Ramayana closely! 39 Jatayu tells them what he knows 39 Ajamukhi loses her limbs 40 Rama kills Kabanda 40 Sabari tells her story 41 Rama admires devotion 42 Sabari tells what she knows 43 Chapter 4. An Ally Accepted 45 Hanuman meets the brothers 45 The brothers meet Sugriva 46 Lakshmana identifies some of the jewels 47 Sugriva tells his story 47 The story of the curse on Vali 49 Rama exhibits his power 50 Sugriva pours out his feelings 51 The battle between Vali and Sugriva 52 Rama kills His devotee, Vali 54 Rama consoles Tara 56 The search for Sita is delayed by weather 57 Chapter 5. -
Index of 16 Hindu Puranas
INDEX OF 16 HINDU PURANAS 1. BRAHMA PURANA Preliminaries There was a forest known as Naimisharanya. The sages (maharshis) arranged for a sacrifice (yajna) in this forest and the ceremony went on for twelve years. Naimisharanya forest was a wonderful place to arrange sacrifices in. The climate was pleasant. There were trees full of climate was pleasant. There were trees full of flowers and fruit. There was no shortage of food in the forest, and animals, birds and sages lived thee happily. Many sages came to attend the sacrifice that had been arranged in Naimisharanya. With them was Romaharshana (alternatively Lomaharshana), Veda Vyasa's disciple. Veda Vyasa had instructed this disciple of his in the knowledge of the Puranas. The assembled sages worshipped the learned Romaharshana and said, "Please tell us the stories of the Puranas. Who created the universe, who is its preserver and who will destroy it? Please instruct us in all these mysteries". Romaharshana replied, "Many years ago, Daksha and the other sages had asked Brahma these very questions. I have learnt about Brahma's replies from my guru) teacher) Veda Vyasa. I will relate to you what I know". In the beginning, there was water everywhere and the Brahman slept on this water in the form of Vishnu. Since water is called nara and since ayana means a bed, Vishnu is known as Narayana. In the water there emerged a golden egg. Brahma was born inside this egg. Since he created himself, he is called Svayambhu, born (bhu) by himself (svayam). For one whole year, Brahma lived inside the egg. -
Kali, Untamed Goddess Power and Unleashed Sexuality: A
Journal of Asian Research Vol. 1, No. 1, 2017 www.scholink.org/ojs/index.php/jar Kali, Untamed Goddess Power and Unleashed Sexuality: A Study of the ‘Kalika Purana’ of Bengal Saumitra Chakravarty1* 1 Post-Graduate Studies in English, National College, Bangalore, India * Saumitra Chakravarty, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract This paper attempts to analyse the paradox inherent in the myth of Kali, both in her iconic delineation and the rituals associated with her worship as depicted in the twelfth century Kalika Purana. The black goddess Kali breaks conventional stereotypes of feminine beauty and sexuality in Hindu goddess mythology. She is the dominant sexual partner straddling the prone Siva and the wild warrior goddess drinking demon blood. She is originally depicted as a symbol of uncontrolled fury emerging from the fair, beautiful goddess Ambika in the battle with the demons in older goddess texts. Thereafter she gains independent existence both as the dark, mysterious and sexually demanding version of the more benign and auspicious Parvati and the Primordial Goddess Power pre-dating the Hindu trinity of male gods, the Universal Mother Force which embraces both good and evil, gods and demons in the Kalika Purana. Unlike other goddess texts which emphasize Kali’s role in the battle against the demons, the Kalika Purana’s focus is on her sexuality and her darkly sensual beauty. Equally it is on the heterodoxical rituals associated with her worship involving blood and flesh offerings, wine and the use of sexual intercourse as opposed to Vedic rituals. Keywords kali, female, sexuality, primordial, goddess, paradox 1. -
Sixty-Four Yoginis Dr Suruchi Pande
Sixty-Four Yoginis Dr Suruchi Pande oginis are holy women with yogic unmanifested sound, logos, and she creates the Ypowers or female attendants of Shiva or universe. Durga. Commonly it is believed that eight • Vaishnavi gives the universe a definite yoginis exist, namely Mangala, Pingala, Dhanya, shape. Bhramari, Bhadrika, Ulka, Siddhi, and Sankata. • Maheshvari gives individuality to all cre- They are also perceived as divinities constituted ated beings. by eight groups of letters of the alphabets. • Kaumari bestows the force of aspirations. The philosophy of the concept of yogini is • Varahi is the power of assimilation and based on the concept of Sapta Matrikas, seven enjoyment. Mother goddesses. These seven goddesses sym- • Aindri or Indrani is the immense power bolise the motherly aspect and have a logical, es- that destroys whatever opposes the cosmic law. oteric, and conceptual sequence. Sometimes the • Chamunda is the power of spiritual Sapta Matrikas are portrayed in a deeper philo- awakening. sophical conceptual meaning with the eight div- Sixty-four yoginis symbolise the multiplica- inities involved in the creation of universe and its tion of these values. The symbology involves ref- various integral life forms in a serial logical order. erences to sixteen kalas or phases that are consti- • Brahmi or Brahmani represents the tuted by the mind, five gross elements, and ten sense organs. The moon has sixteen phases out IMAGE: HTTP://REDISCOVERYPROJECT.COM / CHAUSATH-YOGINI-MANDIR, MITAWALI MITAWALI / CHAUSATH-YOGINI-MANDIR, IMAGE: HTTP://REDISCOVERYPROJECT.COM Dr Suruchi Pande is a Vice Chairperson, Ela Foun- of which fifteen are visible and one is invisible. -
Prana and Pranayama Swami Niranjananda
Prana and Pranayama Swami Niranjanananda Saraswati Yoga Publications Trust, Munger, Bihar, India © Bihar School of Yoga 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted or stored in a retrieval system, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from Yoga Publications Trust. The terms Satyananda Yoga® and Bihar Yoga® are registered trademarks owned by International Yoga Fellowship Movement (IYFM). The use of the same in this book is with permission and should not in any way be taken as affecting the validity of the marks. Published by Yoga Publications Trust First edition 2009 ISBN: 978-81-86336-79-3 Publisher and distributor: Yoga Publications Trust, Ganga Darshan, Munger, Bihar, India. Website: www.biharyoga.net www.rikhiapeeth.net Printed at Thomson Press (India) Limited, New Delhi, 110001 Dedication In humility we offer this dedication to Swami Sivananda Saraswati, who initiated Swami Satyananda Saraswati into the secrets of yoga. II. Classical Pranayamas 18. Guidelines for Pranayama 209 19. Nadi Shodhana Pranayama 223 20. Tranquillizing Pranayamas 246 21. Vitalizing Pranayamas 263 Appendices A. Supplementary Practices 285 B. Asanas Relevant to Pranayama 294 C. Mudras Relevant to Pranayama 308 D. Bandhas Relevant to Pranayama 325 E. Hatha Yoga Pradipika Pranayama Sutras 333 Glossary 340 Index of Practices 353 General Index 357 viii Introduction he classical yogic practices of pranayama have been Tknown in India for over 4,000 years. In the Bhagavad Gita, a text dated to the Mahabharata period, the reference to pranayama (4:29) indicates that the practices were as commonly known during that period as was yajna, fire sacrifice.