Rapid Assessment Report on Flood Affected Woredas in Shebelle Zone of Somali Regional State, Ethiopia 11Th to 19Th August 2020
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Rapid assessment report on flood affected woredas in Shebelle zone of Somali Regional state, Ethiopia 11th to 19th August 2020 Executive Summary • An estimate of 3,719HHs displaced and 14,381HHs affected by flood and most of the displaced people live with their relatives and neighbors. • A total of 42 cattle, 219 goats and 11 donkeys were swept away by the flood and 9,006Ha Ha of standing crops (Sessam, Onion Sorghum, Maize were destroyed. • As a result of the flood, 23 formals, and 16 ABEs schools got damaged, 12 health posts and 2 heath centers were also damaged. Additionally, about 10 river intakes, 34 HDWs, 1 heifer damps, 8 Birkas were also destroyed by the flood. • No human disease outbreak was reported but likely to have water bound diseases. Shortage of essential emergency drugs were reported. In all three woredas, due to acute food insecurity and unclean water, increment of severe acute malnutrition cases were reported. • Water treatment chemicals are not available in all flood affected woredas, people are drinking water with high turbidity and untreated. • No livestock disease outbreak that has been yet confirmed, but there is a growing threat for potential livestock diseases like tick and tick bound diseases. • The total number of affected people those require food assistance based is 14,381 HHs (86,281 individuals). • Severe distress for children due to the shock and loss of homes and disruption in daily life was reported, no gender-based violence (GBV) was not reported. • Shelter, food, and clean water are three top critical needs in the affected woredas 1. Introduction Shebelle zone is susceptible to flooding having Wabishebelle river across 8 woredas in the zone. the zone has ten woredas , out of these eight of Them are along Wabishebelle river namely East emay, Abokorow,Adadle,Ber’ano.Gode,Kelefo,Musahil and Ferfer with total population of 650,430 individuals, out of this number 65% are pure farmers and Agro-pastoral along the river . the zone experienced frequent floods, chronic drought that led shortage of water, within this year, the zone also experienced twice of locust infestation. The road infrastructure in the zone particularly the one connects Gode with Kelefo, Mustahil and Ferfer is in a very bad condition making difficulty the transportation service. Poor road infrastructure is the major bottleneck of access to services, humanitarian assistance and market thereby contributing the vulnerability of the riverine community to natural disasters. In this year , the zone experienced four times of flooding, two times in Gu season, once in Deyr season and once in Summer season, the root cause of this flooding are highland rains of Bali and Hararghe plateau with combination of local rain. There were four subsequent floods that is 16,19,27 of July and 15 August that affected kelefo, Mustahil and Ferfer woredas, the flood caused people displacement, crop loss, livestock death, infrastructure damages and livelihood destruction. Based on the urgent need to respond it, a team was organized to conduct the assessment in Kelafo, Mustahil and Ferfer woredas led by Shebelle zonal DRMB early warning coordinator. 1.1 Objective The mission intended to assess the impact and extend of the flood in the three woredas of Shabelle zone that was affected by the flood. More specifically the mission sought to achieve the following objectives. ✓ To assess the extent and impact of the flood in the three woredas. ✓ To assess the immediate humanitarian needs of the affected population. 1.2 Methodology The team used different assessment methodologies to achieve to the intended objectives, this include interviews with key informants, focus group discussion with elders and affected communities, this in addition to the field observations during the visit to the accessible kebeles. 1.3 Limitations One of the major challenges was access problem to some affected sites of Mustahil cross river and daksuge of kelefo woreda due to flood which cut off the roads that hinder site visit and field observation of the team. 2. Key Findings and recommendations 2.1 Shelter/NFI About 3,719HHs displaced and 14,381HHs affected by recent flood which stroke the three woredas, Displaced people lost all their belongings including shelter, kitchen, water collection utensils and livelihood means while both displaced and affected people lost their properties including farms and donkeys which was source income and transportation means respectively to their families where in some of them flood damaged their homes in some way. Displaced people live in open areas where they have no protection from heat of the sun the day time and cold in the night time, as well as mosquito, while, few of them are with their relatives and neighbor in a few saved homes from flood which will be risky in this critical COV-19 era, where active cases have been found in the Shebelle zone while others are living in an open area, where governmental institutions were damaged by the flood. According to the team observation, though head count wasn’t done; but Vulnerable groups like pregnant and lactating women, disabled and elders’ people are observed pre- dominantly in the IDPs sites living without shelter facing difficult to cope with current shocks. No responses reached them at all since they got displaced, Thus, shelter, food and clean water are three their top critical needs. According to the respondents, displaced people will not return their original sites; since they lost their homes and livelihoods amid flood where their survival depends on the timely assistance; in addition to this, the team observed in several IDP sites namely kalabaydh, turtur, kalaman of mustahil woreda and dayah of kelefo woreda, those displaced in Deyr floods, those never return to their original homes lacking capacity to return after they didn’t receive any humanitarian assistance except DRMB food Poor condition of the roads is the driving force to poor market accessibility. West kebeles aren’t accessing Mustakim market since the flood collapsed the valleys near mustahil bridge, in same to this, west kebeles of Kelefo woreda will not access kelefo market if not prevented collapsing kelefo bridge. Table1: Summary of displaced and affected people in Kelefo, Mustahil and Ferfer woredas of Shebelle zone. SN Woreda Displaced HH Affected HH Remark 1 Ferfer 163 2,719 2 Mustahil 1724 7,421 3 Kelefo 1832 5721 Total 3,719 14,381 Recommendations: • Provision of construction material and shelter repair materials to old Mustahil and Kelefo towns. • Immediate provision of ESNFI/shelter materials to flood displaced people in the three woredas. • Immediate distribution of dignity kit to displaced women and girls in the woredas. 2.2 WASH Flood have damaged the existing water infrastructures in Kelefo, Mustahil and Ferfer, based on the assessment findings,10 river intakes, 34 HDWs, 1 heifer damps, 8 Birkas destroyed in the three woredas. River intakes need rehabilitation of generator motors and pipe instantiation in Mustahil and Ferfer. The damaged hand dug wells need re-digging/removing the soil from the wells that filled and molding the arrangement due to the flood. Birkas need rehabilitation through all the system. The assessment identified access to safe water supply as a greatest need and the priority for the flood affected community in these flood affected woredas of Mustahil, Ferfer and Kelafo; in adding up to that, due to the flood; 9, 3, 23 HHs latrines were damaged n Mustahil, Kelefo and Ferfer respectively and there is extensively open defection and pitiable hygiene as well as overloading the available latrines, and these is rampant and high-risk factors for the disease outbreaks like water born diseases. Currently, the pre-positioned stock of water purification chemicals in Kelafo, Mustahil and Fer- fer is zero and there is a high need of water purification chemicals as people are drinking water with high turbidity and untreated, the assessment team observed people fetching water directly from the flood recession areas. Recommendations: ▪ Provision of wash supplies including water treatment chemicals and hygiene kit for all the IDPs. ▪ Provision of equipment and maintaining governmental water truck in kelefo and Mustahil and Rehabilitation of hand dug well or shallow well for all the assessed woredas . ▪ Support HH latrine construction through provision of construction materials. 2.3 Health 12 Health post and 2 health centers got damaged by the current flood. Mustahil woreda had only two health centers and both of them damaged not providing health service to the affected community while they are in desperate need to it , one is abandoned in old Mustahil town while the other damaged one is in Fagug kebele; this will result deterioration of health condition of the affected community. Due to the consumption of stagnant/contaminated water and poor hygiene, seasonal diarrhea disease is predictable. The most common diseases in the affected woredas during floods are watery diarrhea, pneumonia and malaria; but there is no yet human disease outbreak; in addition to this, there is a severe infestation of mosquitoes following stagnant water and malaria cases may prevail. Shortage of essential medical supplies, equipment and emergency drugs in all the affected woredas is reported. In all three woredas, due to acute food insecurity and unclean water, increment of severe acute malnutrition cases have been reported though SCI handed over the TSFP program to woredas DRMOs after its FLA with WFP phased out. Flood have blocked rural roads and access to health facilities is one of the major challenges in health service to both health service provider and receiver. Nutrition data trend analysis 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Kelefo Mustahil Ferfer May-19 May-20 Jun-19 Jun-20 Jul-19 Jul-20 Recommendations: • Immediate rehabilitation of damaged health facilities and construction of new health center to new town of Mustakim.