Pace University DigitalCommons@Pace Dissertations & Theses School of Law 1-1-2002 Environmental Law of Armed Conflict Nada Al-Duaij Pace University School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/lawdissertations Part of the Environmental Law Commons, and the Human Rights Law Commons Recommended Citation Nada Al-Duaij, Environmental Law of Armed Conflict (2002) (S.J.D. dissertation, Pace University School of Law), available at http://digitalcommons.pace.edu/lawdissertations/1/. This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Law at DigitalCommons@Pace. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations & Theses by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Pace. For more information, please contact
[email protected]. © Nada Al-Duaij Environmental Law Of Armed Conflict Introduction “Modern armaments can dissipate their destructive energy or introduce their destructive agents on the land or in the sea, in the air or in the space above it. The ecosystems at risk may be either terrestrial or oceanic and either arctic, temperate or tropical. The terrestrial ones may be continental or insular, either forest, grassland or desert, the oceanic ones may be estuarine, littoral (near shore), over the continental shelves or within ocean basins. Damage may be inflicted either directly or indirectly and range from subtle to dramatic.”1 There is renewed evidence that warfare involves conflicts not only between the combatants, but also between man and nature. The ability of modern warfare to devastate the natural environment has become ever more obvious: animal species become extinct, forests become deserts, fertile farmland becomes a minefield, water becomes contaminated and native vegetation disappears.