Amaryllidaceae): Perfil Químico E Propriedades Citotóxicas E Genotóxicas

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Amaryllidaceae): Perfil Químico E Propriedades Citotóxicas E Genotóxicas UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS EXATAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM QUÍMICA Alcaloides dos Bulbos das Espécies Griffinia gardneriana (Herb.) Ravenna e Habranthus itaobinus Ravenna (Amaryllidaceae): Perfil Químico e Propriedades Citotóxicas e Genotóxicas Alkaloids from the Bulbs of Griffinia gardneriana (Herb.) Ravenna and Habranthus itaobinus Ravenna (Amaryllidaceae): Chemical Profile and Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Properties. Eduardo Roberto Cole Tese de Doutorado em Química Vitória 2018 i Eduardo Roberto Cole Alcaloides dos Bulbos das Espécies Griffinia gardneriana (Herb.) Ravenna e Habranthus itaobinus Ravenna (Amaryllidaceae): Perfil Químico e Propriedades Citotóxicas e Genotóxicas Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Química do Centro de Ciências Exatas da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo como requisito parcial para obtenção do Título de Doutor em Química. Área de Concentração: Química. Linha de Pesquisa: Química de Produtos Naturais. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Valdemar Lacerda Jr. Co-orientador: Prof. Dr. Warley de Souza Borges. VITÓRIA 2018 ii ___________________________________________________________________ Cole, Eduardo Roberto, 1976- R689a Alcaloides dos bulbos das espécies Griffinia gardneriana (herb.) Ravenna e Habranthus itaobinus Ravenna (Amaryllidaceae): Perfil químico e propriedades citotóxicas e genotóxicas / Eduardo Roberto Cole. - 2018. 180 f.: il. Orientador: Valdemar Lacerda Jr. Co-Orientador: Warley de Souza Borges. Tese (Doutorado em Química) - Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Exatas. 1. Amaryllidaceae. 2. Alcaloides. 3. Griffinia gardneriana. 4. Habranthus itaobinus. 5. Câncer. I. Lacerda Jr., Valdemar. II. Borges, Warley de Souza. III. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Centro de Ciências Exatas. IV. Título. CDU: 54 ___________________________________________________________________ iii iv A Deus, Minha família, Meus amigos. v AGRADECIMENTOS À Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, por intermédio do Centro de Ciências Exatas, mais especificamente pelo Programa de Pós-graduação em Química, pela oportunidade de retornar à minha segunda casa e realizar o doutoramento. Ao meu orientador, professor Dr. Valdemar Lacerda Júnior, por toda a confiança na minha capacidade de trabalho e pela autonomia confiada a mim, além é claro das valiosas críticas, sugestões e ensinamentos. Ao meu co-orientador, professor Dr. Warley de Souza Borges, pela oportunidade e confiança na realização desse trabalho e todo o apoio e preocupação demonstrados ao longo desta jornada, sempre me estimulando a buscar o melhor resultado possível. A professora Dr.ª Denise Coutinho Endringer, pela participação na banca de qualificação, com suas valiosas contribuições, e pelo apoio no desenvolvimento dos ensaios biológicos, com seu apurado senso crítico e grandes ideias. Ao meu grande amigo, e orientador do Mestrado, professor Dr. Reginaldo Bezerra dos Santos, por toda a ajuda dada ao longo destes anos, mas em especial por permitir a realização dos experimentos em seu laboratório. Ao professor Dr. Anderson Alves-Araújo pelo auxílio na identificação e herborização das espécies vegetais. Ao professor Dr. Jaume Bastida pelas análises de CG-EM e DC realizadas e disponibilização da biblioteca de alcaloides de Amaryllidaceae. Aos professores Dr. Álvaro Cunha Neto e Dr. Ricardo Machado Kuster pelas contribuições dadas na qualificação. À pós-doutoranda Elisângela Flávia Pimentel Schmitt, pelo imenso auxílio nos ensaios biológicos. Ao doutorando João Francisco Allochio Filho, pelo apoio nos estudos de docking molecular. Aos amigos conquistados nesta jornada, Marcos, Karla, Jean, Andressa, David, Carol, Letícia, Vanessa, Amanda, Maria Helena, Maria, Natalie, Raphael e Carliani, por todos os bons momentos e grandes oportunidades de aprendizagem. Ao Laboratório Central Analítica I do campus de Alegre da UFES, pela realização das análises de CG-EM. vi Ao Laboratório de RMN do NCQP-UFES e à Júlia pela ajuda, amizade e realização das análises. Ao LabPetro através do NCQP pelas facilidades obtidas para a realização dos experimentos. Às agências de fomento CNPq, CAPES e FAPES, pelo apoio financeiro ao desenvolvimento do projeto. Enfim, agradeço aos responsáveis por estar aqui e por quem tudo sempre valerá a pena: Deus e minha família! Vocês são a razão pelo qual eu me dedico tanto à tudo! vii CURRICULUM VITAE Formação acadêmica Doutorando em Química – 2014 a 2018. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo – UFES, Vitória - ES. Mestre em Química – Área de Concentração: Química. Linha de Pesquisa: Química de Produtos Naturais, 2008. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo – UFES, Vitória - ES. Bacharel em Farmácia, 1999. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo – UFES, Vitória - ES. Atividades acadêmicas Artigos publicados COLE, E. R.; SANTOS, R. B. dos; LACERDA JÚNIOR, V.; MARTINS, J. D. L.; GRECO, S. J.; CUNHA NETO, A. Chemical composition of essential oil from ripe fruit of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi and evaluation of its activity against wild strains of hospital origin. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, v. 45, n. 3, p. 821-828, 2014. GASPARINI, L. S.; MACEDO, N. D.; PIMENTEL, E. F.; FRONZA, M.; L. JUNIOR, V.; BORGES, W. S.; COLE, E. R.; ANDRADE, T. U.; ENDRINGER, D. C.; LENZ, D. In vitro cell viability by CellProfiler® software as equivalent to MTT assay. Pharmacognosy Magazine, v. 13, n. 50, p. 365-369, 2017. Artigos under review COLE, E. R.; BORGES, W. S.; De ANDRADE, J. P.; ALLOCHIO FILHO, J. F.; ARMENGOL, J. B.; ENDRINGER, D. C.; SCHMITT, E. F. P.; ARAÚJO, A. A.; Lacerda Jr., V. Cytotoxic and genotoxic activity of alkaloids from the bulbs of Griffinia gardneriana and Habranthus itaobinus (Amaryllidaceae). Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. Under review. viii Apresentações de Trabalho COLE, E. R.; ANDRADE, J. P.; ENDRINGER, D. C.; ARAUJO, A. G. A.; ARMENGOL, J. B.; BORGES, W. S.; LACERDA JR., V. Estudo do perfil químico dos bulbos de Habranthus itaobinus Ravenna (Amaryllidaceae) e avaliação da atividade citotóxica. In: 38ª Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira de Química, 2015, Águas de Lindóia – SP. GONRING, K. L.; COLE, E. R.; ANDRADE, J. P.; ENDRINGER, D. C.; ARAUJO, A. G. A.; ARMENGOL, J. B.; LACERDA JR., V.; BORGES, W. S. Estudo químico- biológico dos bulbos de Griffinia gardneriana (Herb.) Ravenna (Amaryllidaceae). In: 38ª Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira de Química, 2015, Águas de Lindóia - SP. FLOREZ, D. H.; COLE, E. R.; ARMENGOL, J. B.; BORGES, W. S.; ANDRADE, J. P.; LACERDA JR., V. Estudo químico em alcaloides de Worsleya procera Amaryllidaceae). In: 39ª Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira de Química, 2016, Goiânia – GO. COLE, E. R.; ANDRADE, J. P.; ENDRINGER, D. C.; ARAUJO, A. G. A.; ARMENGOL, J. B.; BORGES, W. S.; LACERDA JR., V. Study on the chemical profile of alkaloids from the bulbs of Griffinia gardneriana (Herb.) Ravenna and Habranthus itaobinus Ravenna (Amaryllidaceae) species and assessment of their cytotoxic properties. In: 6th Brazilian Conference on Natural Products (BCNP) and XXXII RESEM, 2017, Vitória – ES. ix “A natureza não faz nada em vão”. (Aristóteles) x LISTA DE FIGURAS pág. Figura 1. Substâncias bioativas isoladas no início do século XIX.............. 4 Figura 2. Exemplos da exuberância da família Amaryllidaceae: Narcissus pseudonarcissus, Leucojum aestivum e Galanthus elwesii “Polar Bear”, na sequência.......................................................... 8 Figura 3. Lycoris radiata e o alcaloide licorina........................................... 10 Figura 4. Formação do intermediário norbeladina por fusão dos aminoácidos L-Phe e L-Tyr......................................................... 11 Figura 5. Acoplamentos fenol oxidativos em alcaloides de Amaryllidaceae............................................................................ 12 Figura 6. Esqueletos típicos de alcaloides de Amaryllidaceae................... 13 Figura 7. Alcaloides de Amaryllidaceae dotados de ação citotóxica.......... 15 Figura 8. Griffinia intermedia e Griffinia gardneriana, na sequência, exemplos de espécies dos subgêneros Griffinia e Hyline, respectivamente.......................................................................... 16 Figura 9. Griffinia gardneriana, bulbo e flor................................................ 17 Figura 10. Habranthus itaobinus, bulbo e flor............................................... 18 Figura 11. Vias de indução de apoptose: intrínseca e extrínseca................ 22 Figura 12. Flores de Griffinia gardneriana e Habranthus itaobinus, na sequência.................................................................................... 30 Figura 13. Fracionamento cromatográfico da fração GGHex....................... 34 Figura 14. Fracionamento cromatográfico da subfração GGHex-4.............. 34 Figura 15. Fracionamento cromatográfico da subfração GGHex-4A........... 35 Figura 16. Fracionamento cromatográfico da subfração GGHex-4A3......... 36 Figura 17. Fracionamento cromatográfico da fração GGAc......................... 36 Figura 18. Fracionamento cromatográfico da subfração GGAc-2................ 37 Figura 19. Fracionamento cromatográfico da subfração GGAc-2B............. 37 Figura 20. Fracionamento cromatográfico da subfração GGAc-2C............. 38 Figura 21. Fracionamento cromatográfico da subfração GGAc-2D............. 38 Figura 22. Fracionamento cromatográfico da subfração GGAc-2D1........... 39 Figura 23. Fracionamento cromatográfico da subfração GGAc-3................ 39 Figura 24. Fracionamento cromatográfico
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