DOCSLIB.ORG

Wandering Through Wadis Ebook SAMPLE

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Wandering Through Wadis Ebook SAMPLE SAMPLE Wandering through Wadis A nature-lover’s guide to the flora of South Sinai Bernadette Simpson Dahab, South Sinai, Egypt This PDF is a sample, containing 10 entries in the directory of plants, given for free as a preview to the complete publication. To learn more visit www.bernadettesimpson.com SAMPLE Copyright © 2013 by Bernadette Simpson Wandering through Wadis: A nature-lover’s guide to the flora of South Sinai Published by NimNam Books ~ February 2013 ISBN 13 (PDF): 978-0-9859718-1-6 ISBN 13 (Paperback): 978-0-9859718-2-3 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system without the written permission of the author, except where permitted by law. Contact the author at: [email protected] Table of Contents Author’s Note......................................................... 7 Introduction Sinai ~ The Land and Flora ...........….…........... 8 Sinai ~ The People ………………………….…11 Directory of South Sinai Plants............................. 13 The directory contains 104 different entries - 63 at the species level and 41 at the genus level. The plants are arranged alphabetically, by their scientific (Latin) name. For each entry, common English and Arabic names are provided, as well as a description, and lists SAMPLEof similar species and practical uses. Glossary..............................................................…125 Index of Plants in Directory.................................. 126 List of Plants by Region........................................ 127 Working List of Other Plant Species in Sinai...….128 References.............................................................131 About the Author/Acknowledgements…………133 Author’s Note “If you want to learn about something, write a book about it.” I am not a botanist; I am a curious nature-lover and amateur photographer, passionate about the natural and cultural heritage of south Sinai. I moved here with my husband in 2007 and one of our favourite past-times has been wandering through the desert wadis. Wandering. It's a type of walking that allows me to claim no destination, no predetermined path. No one hurrying me along to arrive at a scheduled appointment. A type of walking that allows me to observe, to photograph, to wonder. A walk that allows me the freedom to follow a crack in the mountains because a bright yellow bloom has caught my eye. After being blessed with winter rains for two consecutive seasons (2009 and 2010), the wadis of south Sinai went wild with blooms and I wandered hours on end with my camera in hand and an insatiable desire to capture their fragile beauty with my lens. In my attempts to identify these desert plants, I began my studies. My learning journey was long and sometimes frustrating but, in the end, rewarding. The invaluable information provided in others’ research and guide books, and the knowledge and experience shared by my dear Bedouin friends and guides, contributed greatly to my own learning and enabled me in the end to create my ownSAMPLE guidebook of images and information. Not being a botanist means that I deal with many plants at the genus level, when closer observation and specialized knowledge is needed to identify individual species. As a curious nature-lover, I am content with this level of knowledge. In addition to this guidebook, I have begun a Wildlife of the Sinai Peninsula mission on Project Noah.org, an online portal for citizen scientists and nature-lovers to upload and share images, and identify the flora and fauna they encounter. You will find many of the plants in this guide as part of this mission. But you will also find dozens of images of the local desert critters ~ spiders, birds, butterflies, lizards, dragonflies, snakes, and even a fox. Check it out. And join us! As this book goes to publication in February 2013, Sinai is again being blessed with a wet rainy season, promising an abundantly green spring. It is my hope that this guidebook will help other desert-lovers learn more about Sinai’s rich natural heritage. ~ Bernadette Simpson Wandering through Wadis Introduction Sinai ~ The People The original inhabitants of the Sinai peninsula were bedouin, traditionally nomadic pastoralists who journeyed through the desert in search of fresh pasture for their herds of sheep, goats, and camels. Today, the majority of Bedouin in south Sinai lead a sedentary lifestyle, staying in one place for most of the year. They live in towns that have developed over the past 30 years – Ras Sudr, El Tor, Abu Rudeis, Dahab, Nuweiba, as well as various smaller villages - and many work in the tourism industry as drivers, safari guides, or dive guides. But many continue to also raise domesticated animals. And most continue to have a strong, passionate connection to the desert. There are plenty of “settled” Bedouin who, come springtime, pack their trucks with a tent, blankets, utensils, supplies – and together with their goats and sheep – head to the mountains where the pasture is best for their herds. Traditionally, Bedouin are well respected for their knowledge of the desert and its useful plants, although as their lifestyle changes, so does their knowledge of the local flora. When asking my Bedouin friends about a plant's name or usage, I was often referred to the elders and told that the younger generations, sadly, know very little. Much of the information about the practical uses of the desert plants in this guide comes from research conducted by Bailey and Danin (1981). They report that during their 6-year survey they “encountered no plant that was not useful to the bedouins in one way or another” (p.145). Plants are an important part of traditional Bedouin culture and provide nutrition,SAMPLE medicine, or the material needed to build various tools, equipment, and other useful items. Plants are also used in ceremonies and rites of passages and are commonly referred to in Bedouin poetry. Over half of the place names in Sinai come from plant names. There's 'Ain Za'atar, the Spring of Thyme, and Farsh al Rummana, the Place of Pommegranates, and Abu Hibayig, the Place with Mint, just to name a few. Plant names have also served as inspiration for the naming of children. And like many cultures, Bedouins associate life and vitality with the color green. A generous and friendly person may be referred to by Bedouin as “having a green face” (wijhih akhdhar). Bailey and Danin also report that every species of desert plant is eaten by at least one of the animals that Bedouin raise – goats, sheep, camels, or donkeys. Of course, each animal has preferred plants, but the animals eat every sort of plant. Some plants may make goats and camels ill, but not donkeys. Other plants are poisonous only at certain stages of growth but can be eaten when they are young. For example, young henbane (Hyoscyamus sp) can be ingested with no ill effects, but older plants intoxicate the animals . Donkeys will eat the poisonous Anabasis syriaca but only after it has dried up. Seasons also determine which plants the animals eat. If there has been a winter rainy season, December to April are the best months for pasture. This is when the annuals are in bloom, including many plants in the daisy and cabbage families. These fresh herbs help the animals produce plenty of milk. Once the khamseen winds start to blow and the heat wave begins in May, most annual herbs dry up and the animals begin to eat different straw-like annuals as well as semi-shrubs Simpson Wandering through Wadis such as wormwoods (Artemisia sp.) and Gymnocarpus decandrus. August to November are the most difficult months for pasture. Animals feed during this time on Acacia pods and other shrubs and bushes that they avoid at other times, like Achillea fragrantissima, Atriplex halimus, and Zygophyllum dumosum. However, without rain and new annuals to eat, pasturing goats will not get enough nourishment from these plants to lactate. As a result, many of the kids born in the fall would not survive. For nomadic peoples, this is when they would pack up and move on in search of pasture elsewhere. The Bedouin who still raise animals today collect fodder from the desert for their animals. It is not uncommon in Dahab to see pick-up trucks return to town with their beds full of plants, like Shouwia purpurea, to supplement their goats' diet. For their milk is important in many ways. With their goats' milk, Bedouin women create a hard, salty cheese ('afeeg) and ghee, or clarified butter (samin), that can be stored for many months. The best time for doing this is of course, if there has been rain, in the spring after the goats have had their full of the tasty annual herbs. This is also the perfect time for a desert safari in Sinai. Not only will you be able to see the desert in bloom, but you may be able to meet the Bedouin women and get a lesson in cheese-making. A desert safari with a trusted and knowledgeable Bedouin guide is the best way to truly understand the bounty of the desert and the powerful connection betweenSAMPLE the land and its people. “Take nothing but pictures. Leave nothing but footprints. Kill nothing but time.” Simpson Wandering through Wadis Directory of Plants in South Sinai The directory contains 104 different entries - 63 at the species level and 41 at the genus level. The plants are arranged alphabetically, by their scientific (Latin) name. Along with images, for each entry, you will also find: Species in Sinai: Always provided when plants are discussed at the genus level. Each list of species is a compilation of those reported in various scholarly journals and books.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Towards a Molecular Understanding of the Biosynthesis of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids in Support of Their Expanding Medical Use
    Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2013, 14, 11713-11741; doi:10.3390/ijms140611713 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms Review Towards a Molecular Understanding of the Biosynthesis of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids in Support of Their Expanding Medical Use Adam M. Takos and Fred Rook * Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +45-3533-3343; Fax: +45-3533-3300. Received: 28 April 2013; in revised form: 26 May 2013 / Accepted: 27 May 2013 / Published: 31 May 2013 Abstract: The alkaloids characteristically produced by the subfamily Amaryllidoideae of the Amaryllidaceae, bulbous plant species that include well know genera such as Narcissus (daffodils) and Galanthus (snowdrops), are a source of new pharmaceutical compounds. Presently, only the Amaryllidaceae alkaloid galanthamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used to treat symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease, is produced commercially as a drug from cultivated plants. However, several Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have shown great promise as anti-cancer drugs, but their further clinical development is restricted by their limited commercial availability. Amaryllidaceae species have a long history of cultivation and breeding as ornamental bulbs, and phytochemical research has focussed on the diversity in alkaloid content and composition. In contrast to the available pharmacological and phytochemical data, ecological, physiological and molecular aspects of the Amaryllidaceae and their alkaloids are much less explored and the identity of the alkaloid biosynthetic genes is presently unknown. An improved molecular understanding of Amaryllidaceae alkaloid biosynthesis would greatly benefit the rational design of breeding programs to produce cultivars optimised for the production of pharmaceutical compounds and enable biotechnology based approaches.
    [Show full text]
  • Photographs Covering Western Desert, Eastern Desert, Sinai Peninsula, Nile Region
    Appendix: Photographs Covering Western Desert, Eastern Desert, Sinai Peninsula, Nile Region A. Western Desert Photo A.1 A community dominated by the psammophyte Ammophila arenaria inhabiting the coastal sand dunes of the Western Mediterranean Coast, Egypt 375 376 Appendix Photo A.2 Salt marsh vegetation with abundant growth of Kochia indica (Bassia indica) in the foreground. Mixed halophytes of Juncus rigidus and Arthrocnemum macrostachyum in the background, Western Mediterranean Coast, Egypt Photo A.3 Dense growth of Juncus rigidus in the salt marshes of Siwa Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt Appendix 377 Photo A.4 Reed swamp vegetation dominated by Typha domingensis, Siwa Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt 378 Appendix Photo A.5 A Populus euphratica tree inhabiting a sand dune in Siwa Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt. A clump of Stipagrostis scoparia is seen in the foreground Appendix 379 Photo A.6 Dense stand dominated by Typha elephantina, Um Rishe Lake, Wadi El-Natrun Depression, Western Desert, Egypt Photo A.7 A close up view of the succulent xerophyte Zygophyllum coccineum, Cairo-Alexandria desert road, Western Desert, Egypt 380 Appendix Photo A.8 Pancratium sickenbergeri bulbous herb, Mariut Plateau, northern section of the Western Desert, Egypt Photo A.9 Close-up view of the annual herb Asphodelus tenuifolius growing in the Western Mediterranean Coast, northern section of the Western Desert, Egypt Appendix 381 B. Eastern Desert Photo A.10 Mangal vegetation dominated by Avicennia marina, Red Sea Coast, Egypt Photo A.11 Dense mangrove forest dominated by Rhizophora mucronata, Southern section of the Red Sea Coast, Egypt 382 Appendix Photo A.12 A close up view of Rhizophora mucronata mangrove tree, Shalateen swamps, southern section of the Red Sea Coast, Egypt Photo A.13 Mangrove swamp of Rhizophora mucronata with a seedling in the forgroung, Mersa Abu Fissi, Red Sea Coast, Egypt Appendix 383 Photo A.14 A general view of the mangrove forest lining the shore-line of Mersa Abu Fissi, Red Sea coast, Egypt.
    [Show full text]
  • Université Du Québec
    UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC THÈSE PRÉSENTÉE À L'UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À TROIS-RIVIÈRES COMME EXIGENCE PARTIELLE DU DOCTORAT EN BIOLOGIE CELLULAIRE ET MOLÉCULAIRE PAR APARNA SINGH DISCOVERY OF NOVEL GENES AND ENZYMES INVOLVED IN AMARYLLIDACEAE ALKALOID BIOSYNTHESIS USING INTEGRATED MET ABOLOMICS AND TRANSCRIPTOMICS IN NARCISSUS PSEUDONARCISSUS 'KING ALFRED' JUIN 2018 Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières Service de la bibliothèque Avertissement L’auteur de ce mémoire ou de cette thèse a autorisé l’Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières à diffuser, à des fins non lucratives, une copie de son mémoire ou de sa thèse. Cette diffusion n’entraîne pas une renonciation de la part de l’auteur à ses droits de propriété intellectuelle, incluant le droit d’auteur, sur ce mémoire ou cette thèse. Notamment, la reproduction ou la publication de la totalité ou d’une partie importante de ce mémoire ou de cette thèse requiert son autorisation. UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À TROIS-RIVIÈRES Cette thèse a été dirigée par: Isabel Desgagné-Penix, Ph. D. Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières Directrice de recherche Institution à laquelle se rattache l' évaluateur Jury d'évaluation de la thèse: Isabel Desgagné-Penix, Ph. D. Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières Prénom et nom, grade Institution à laquelle se rattache l' évaluateur Hugo Germain, Ph. D. Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières Prénom et nom, grade Institution à laquelle se rattache l' évaluateur Céline Van Themsche, Ph. D. Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières Prénom et nom, grade Institution à laquelle se rattache l' évaluateur Charles Goulet, Ph. D. Université Laval Prénom et nom, grade Institution à laquelle se rattache l' évaluateur Thèse soutenue le 28 mai 2018 To my parents and husband who were my strength in this journey IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS l am thankful to my research supervisor Isabel Desgagné-Penix for considering me in her laboratory and acquainted me enthusiastically to the field of plant specialized metabolism.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation Patterns and Dynamics of Renosterveld at Agter-Groeneberg Conservancy, Western Cape, South Africa
    Vegetation Patterns and Dynamics of Renosterveld at Agter-Groeneberg Conservancy, Western Cape, South Africa By Benjamin Alan Walton Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at the Stellenbosch University Supervisor Professor Sue J Milton (Department of Conservation Ecology) Co-supervisors A le Roux (CapeNature) Professor L Mucina (Department of Botany and Zoology) April 2006 i Φ Poem “Colour awash over forelands of fertile clay” “When the winters’ cold and grim the Oxalis’s start to brim - they open up. The first feast for bees, in the shrubland short of trees not breeze. Sun’s rays soon last longer in the days: Babianas, Chlorophytums, Geissorhizas, Gladiolius’s, Hesperanthas, Lachenalias, Moraeas and Trachyandras spread their cheerful gaze. Accompanied by annual daisies and bright gladioli filling the air with strong scents of honey - monkey beetles waste no time as they perch upon delicate flowers, lest they are caught in the season’s showers. As if to suggest this is the best nature sends small midge flies to pollinate in jest, and surround mammals to tease their bloody channels. Another month has come and gone - not long now for the raaptol and Micranthus which provide nectar for brown butterflies and painted ladies. Then is the last sequence of bulbs - the fine white-filled fields of chinkerinchees. Grasses’ hour is now soaking up the sun displaying beautifully crafted silhouettes till summers end. As if heaven sent delicate geophytes are still producing their charm, when botanists avoid the midday sun. A brief lapse in displays until the autumn reds begin the seasonal cycles.” Figure a: From left to right: Moraea villosa (Ker Gawl.) Ker Gawl.
    [Show full text]
  • Amaryllidaceae): Perfil Químico E Propriedades Citotóxicas E Genotóxicas
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS EXATAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM QUÍMICA Alcaloides dos Bulbos das Espécies Griffinia gardneriana (Herb.) Ravenna e Habranthus itaobinus Ravenna (Amaryllidaceae): Perfil Químico e Propriedades Citotóxicas e Genotóxicas Alkaloids from the Bulbs of Griffinia gardneriana (Herb.) Ravenna and Habranthus itaobinus Ravenna (Amaryllidaceae): Chemical Profile and Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Properties. Eduardo Roberto Cole Tese de Doutorado em Química Vitória 2018 i Eduardo Roberto Cole Alcaloides dos Bulbos das Espécies Griffinia gardneriana (Herb.) Ravenna e Habranthus itaobinus Ravenna (Amaryllidaceae): Perfil Químico e Propriedades Citotóxicas e Genotóxicas Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Química do Centro de Ciências Exatas da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo como requisito parcial para obtenção do Título de Doutor em Química. Área de Concentração: Química. Linha de Pesquisa: Química de Produtos Naturais. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Valdemar Lacerda Jr. Co-orientador: Prof. Dr. Warley de Souza Borges. VITÓRIA 2018 ii ___________________________________________________________________ Cole, Eduardo Roberto, 1976- R689a Alcaloides dos bulbos das espécies Griffinia gardneriana (herb.) Ravenna e Habranthus itaobinus Ravenna (Amaryllidaceae): Perfil químico e propriedades citotóxicas e genotóxicas / Eduardo Roberto Cole. - 2018. 180 f.: il. Orientador: Valdemar Lacerda Jr. Co-Orientador: Warley de Souza Borges. Tese (Doutorado em Química) - Universidade Federal do Espírito
    [Show full text]
  • Coversheet for Thesis in Sussex Research Online
    A University of Sussex DPhil thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://eprints.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details GROWTH AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE COMMON HYACINTH (Hyacinthus orientalis L.) AND THE LILY (Lilium longiflorum L.) BY ISAAC KWAHENE ADDAI Presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Life Sciences, Biology and Environmental Science Department University of Sussex July 2010 ii DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis has not been previously submitted, either in the same form or different form, to this or any other University for a degree Signed Isaac Kwahene Addai iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I am grateful to God, the Almighty, through whose guidance and protection, I have been able to reach this stage in my education. I wish to thank my supervisors, Dr Peter Scott (main) and Dr Steve Pearce (co- supervisor) for their invaluable help and guidance throughout my studies in Sussex University, particularly during the time of experimentation, and the write-up of my thesis. In fact, Peter and Steve, I appreciate the way you handled me during my studies, and I will never forget the encouragement you gave me, and more importantly the special care with which you handled all my problems.
    [Show full text]
  • Alkaloids – Secrets of Life
    ALKALOIDS – SECRETS OF LIFE ALKALOID CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE, APPLICATIONS AND ECOLOGICAL ROLE This page intentionally left blank ALKALOIDS – SECRETS OF LIFE ALKALOID CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE, APPLICATIONS AND ECOLOGICAL ROLE Tadeusz Aniszewski Associate Professor in Applied Botany Senior Lecturer Research and Teaching Laboratory of Applied Botany Faculty of Biosciences University of Joensuu Joensuu Finland Amsterdam • Boston • Heidelberg • London • New York • Oxford • Paris San Diego • San Francisco • Singapore • Sydney • Tokyo Elsevier Radarweg 29, PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK First edition 2007 Copyright © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (+44) (0) 1865 853333; email: [email protected]. Alternatively you can submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier web site at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation
    [Show full text]
  • References References
    References Abrahamson WG, Gadgil M (1973) Growth form and reproductive effort in goldenrods (Solida­ go,go,Asteraceae). Asteraceae). Am Nat 107:651-661 Abramsky Z (1983) Experiments on seed predation by rodents and ants in the Israeli desert. Oecologia 57:328-332 Agharkar SP (1920) DberÜber die Verbreitungsmittel der Xerophyten, Subxerophyten und Halophy­ ten des Nordwestlichen Indiens und ihre Herkunft. Bot Jahrb 56, Beiblatt 24:1-41 AlienAllen EB (1991) Temporal and spatial organization of desert plant communities. In: Skuijns J (ed) Semiarid lands and deserts: soil resource and reclamation. Dekker, New York, pp 193-208 Andersen M (1991) Mechanistic models for the seed shadows ofwind-dispersedof wind-dispersed plants.Amplants. Am Nat 137:476-497 Andersen M (1992) An analysis of variability in seed settling velocities of several wind-dispers­ ed Asteraceae. Am J Bot 79:1087-1091 Andersen M (1993) Diaspore morphology and seed dispersaldispers al in several wind-dispersed Astera­ ceae.Am J Bot 80:487-492 Atal CK (1960) Microscopic differentiation of cruciferous and non -cruciferous seeds containing mucilage. Curr Sci (India) 29:56 Augspurger CK (1984) Seedling survival of tropical tree species: interactions of dispersal dis­ tance, light -gaps, and pathogens. Ecology 65: 1705-1712 Augspurger CK (1986) Morphology and dispersaldispers al potential of wind-dispersed diaspores of neo­ tropical trees. Am J Bot 73:353-363 Augspurger CK, Franson SE (1987) Wind dispersal of artificial fruits varying in mass, area, and morphology. Ecology 68:27-42 Auld TD (1986) Population dynamics of the shrub Acacia suaveolens (Srn.)(Sm.) Willd.: dispersal and the dynamics ofofthe the soil seed-bank.seed-bank.Aust Aust J Ecolll:235-254 Austenfeld F-A (1988) Seed dimorphism in Salicornia europaea: nutrient reserves.
    [Show full text]
  • ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY of THESSALONIKI FACULTY of SCIENCES, SCHOOL of BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT of BOTANY SHARAF MUSA AL-TARDEH B. Sc. Bi
    ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI FACULTY OF SCIENCES, SCHOOL OF BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY SHARAF MUSA AL-TARDEH B. Sc. Biological Sciences M.Sc. Food Quality Management MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL ADAPTATIONS OF THE PERENNIAL GEOPHYTE URGINEA MARITIMA (L.) BAKER (LILIACEAE) TO THE MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE DOCTORAL DISSERTATION Thessaloniki 2008 SHARAF MUSA AL-TARDEH B. Sc. Biological Sciences M.Sc. Food Quality Management MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL ADAPTATIONS OF THE PERENNIAL GEOPHYTE URGINEA MARITIMA (L.) BAKER (LILIACEAE) TO THE MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE DOCTORAL DISSERTATION Submitted to the School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Presented for public criticism on the 28th of November 2008 MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL ADAPTATIONS OF THE PERENNIAL GEOPHYTE URGINEA MARITIMA (L.) BAKER (LILIACEAE) TO THE MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE Figures on the cover page: (A) TEM micrograph of nectary of Urginea maritima showing the nectary epithelium cell with nectar in crystallized form at the old stage; (B) Photo of inflorescence stalk; (C) SEM micrograph of anther; (D) LM micrograph of leaf with parallel veins and veinules; (E) TEM micrograph of leaf with sieve pore between the sieve element; (F) LM micrograph of bulb scale revealing cells stained red with Schiff’s reagent; (G) LM micrograph revealing cells stained brown-black with Sudan Black B; (H) LM micrograph showing idioblastic cortical cells with bundles of raphides and mucilage stained with TBO; (I) LM micrograph of root showing the 10-arch vascular cylinder; (J) LM micrograph of root showing series of idioblastic cells with bundles of raphides. To my family To my lovely wife “WOROD” To those who defend their rights SHARAF ELABORATION OF THE DOCTORAL DISSERTATION Place Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Sciences, School of Biology Department of Botany Time February 2004 – November 2008.
    [Show full text]
  • Systematic Revision of the Genus Pancratium L.(Amaryllidaceae) in Egypt with a New Addition
    Available online at www.notulaebiologicae.ro Print ISSN 2067-3205; Electronic 2067-3264 Notulae Scientia Biologicae Not Sci Biol, 2011, 3(2):24-38 Systematic Revision of the Genus Pancratium L. (Amaryllidaceae) in Egypt with a New Addition Azza EL-HADIDY, Monier ABD EL-GHANI, Wafaa AMER, Rania HASSAN Cairo University, Faculty of Science, The Herbarium, Giza 12613, Egypt;[email protected] (corresponding author) Abstract In Egypt, taxonomic aspects of the genus Pancratium L. (Amaryllidaceae, Pancratieae) were thoroughly studied to point out the most reliable characters for taxon delimitation. Here, we base our species on both geographical and morphological features. The detailed taxonomic revision of genus Pancratium is based on field studies and the examination of representative specimens together with the authentic types deposited in the major herbaria of Egypt and Kew. Variations in the aerial scape, spathe, perianth, corona-teeth, pistil, stamens, capsules and seeds, as well as those of leaf base and leaf orientation are good markers to separate the different species. As a result, five species are recognized, including P. trianthum as a new record to the flora of Egypt. It is restricted to the south-eastern corner of Egypt (Gebel Elba region) and being unique in possessing solitary spathe and long attenuate leaf base. A specific key and descriptions are given with typifications. Keywords: Egyptian flora, new records,Pancratieae, Pancratium trianthum, taxonomy Introduction bulb, which contains most of the plant’s volume (Ward and Saltz, 1994). Amaryllidaceae is well-marked by its showy lily-like Within the framework of Engler and Prantl Pax (1887) epigynous flowers as in common onion.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of the Genus Brachycerus Olivier in Israel (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Brachyceridae: Brachycerinae)
    ISRAEL JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY, Vol. 40, 2010, pp. 25–70 Review of the genus Brachycerus Olivier in Israel (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Brachyceridae: Brachycerinae) ARIEL-LEIB-LEONID FRIEDMAN AND AMIR SAGIV Department of Zoology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Ten species of Brachycerus are recorded from Israel and keyed, of which Brachycerus hermoniacus n. sp., Brachycerus groneri n. sp., and Brachycerus wizeni n. sp. are described as new. A review of the morphology of Palaearctic Brachycerus species and redescriptions of several poorly known East Medi- terranean species are provided. Taxonomic problems in several species are resolved: the status of Brachycerus aegyptiacus Olivier, B. cinereus Olivier, and B. cribrarius Olivier is clarified; the nameBrachycerus junix Lichtenstein is rejected as nomen dubium. A lectotype is designated for B. orbipennis Reiche and de Saulcy. A division of the Palaearctic Brachycerus species into four groups is suggested. KEYWORDS: Brachyceridae, Brachycerus, Israel, new species, taxonomy, zoogeography INTRODUCTION The Brachyceridae (obese weevils, lily weevils) is a small weevil family, distributed in the Afrotropical region and in dry subtropical areas of the Palaearctic region. The genus Brachycerus Olivier, 1789, is the largest in the family (comprising about 500 species (Louw, 1990)), distributed across Africa, the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula, Madagascar, the Mediterranean subregion, the Caucasus, and Central Asia (Zumpt, 1937a,b; Haaf 1957a,b; Alonso-Zarazaga and Lyal, 1999; Arzanov, 2005). The Afri- can species of Brachycerus were revised by Haaf (1957a,b; 1958). In the Palaearctic region, Brachycerus comprises about 40 described species, most of which are found in the Mediterranean subregion, of which 14 are recorded from the Levant (Bedel, 1874; Baudi, 1894; Alfieri, 1976; Arzanov, 2005); Reiche and de Saulcy, 1857; Bodenheimer, 1937; Zumpt, 1937a,b; Georghiou, 1977; Lodos, 1977).
    [Show full text]
  • Some Account of the Fauna and Flora of Sinai, Petra, and Wâdy 'Arabah
    i^ ^^••^N-v NJ^ K. tv I ^ _» - » : , : : ^*^- - if^"^" ) l » » H H - 1 • \ FAUNA AND FLORA OF SINAI, PETRA, ! AND WADY 'ARABAH. : ^ 4 Special Edition. No. \ Chairman ofExecutive Coimniitee. Library Cornell University QH 179.H32 S some account of the taunaa^^^^^^^^^^ 848 3 1924 003 008 The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924003008848 SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAUNA AND FLORA OF SINAI, PETRA, AND WADY ARABAH Missing Page SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FAUNA AND FLORA OF SINAI, PETRA, AND WADY 'ARABAH BY HENRY CHICHESTER HART "^ B.A., F.R.G.S., F.L.S. bonbon PUBLISHED FOR THE COMMITTEE OF THE PALESTINE EXPLORATION FUND BY ALEXANDER P. WATT 2 PATERNOSTER SQUARE 1891 QH 17? 9^<M% I. 4 CONTENTS, CHAPTER I. PAGE INTRODUCTORY I CHAPTER II. 'ay6n utSA TO WADY LEBWEH 3 CHAPTER III. WADY LEBWEH TO MOUNT SINAI - 1 CHAPTER IV. MOUNT SINAI TO 'AKABAH - 21 CHAPTER V. 'akabah - 27 CHAPTER VI. 'akabah to mount hor - 30 CHAPTER VII. PETRA and mount hor ; wAdIES HARt)N (aBU KOSHEIBEh) and iitsA ; JEBEL ABU KOSHEIBEH 33 CHAPTER VIII. wA.DY HAr6n TO THE DEAD SEA - 42 CONTENTS. CHAPTER IX. PAGE SOUTH END OF THE DEAD SEA 46 CHAPTER X. Gh6r ES SAFIEH to GAZA 57 CHAPTER XI. GAZA TO JAFFA 63 CHAPTER XII. JERUSALEM 67 CHAPTER XIII. JERICHO AND NORTHERN GHOR 70 LIST OF SPECIES. menispermacejE ranunculacEjE ; 79 berberide^ j papaverace^ ; fumariace^ j crucifer^ 80 CAPPARIDE^ 82 SILENEiE RESEDACEiE J CISTINEiE ; 83 ceratophylle^ mollugine^ paronychiace^ ; ; ; tamariscine^ 85 TILIACEjE HYPERICINEiE ; MALVACE^ ; J GERANIACE^ 86 ZYGOPHYLLE^ 87 RUTACE^ ; SIMARUEE^ ; terebinthace^ 88 LEGUMINOSjE 89 ROSACEA 92 LYTHRARIE^E j CUCURBITACE^ ; FICOIDE^ ; CRASSULACE^ 93 UMBELLIFERiE ; RUBIACE^ 94 DIPSACEiE; COMPOSITiE 95 ERICACE^ ; PRIMULACE^ J OLEACE^ ; SALVADORACE^ ; APOCYNEiE ; ASCLEPIADE^ 99 CONTENTS.
    [Show full text]