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Birding Santa Cruz, Bolivia's Largest Department

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Birding Santa Cruz, Bolivia's Largest Department >> BIRDING SITES BIRDING SANTA CRUZ, BOLIVIA Birding Santa Cruz, Bolivia’s largest department Julián Quillén Vidoz and Daniel Alarcón Trilling Tapaculo Scytalopus parvirostris (daniel alarcón); difficult to see like other species in the genus, this skulker responded well to playback at Siberia For a landlocked country, Bolivia’s birdlist is nothing short of miraculous. Our authors take us from Amazonian lowlands to Andean highlands in search of the feathered treasures of Santa Cruz department 62 neotropical birding 7 anta Cruz is the largest department in Macaw Ara militaris (Vulnerable) can be Bolivia. It covers one-third of the country heard in the valleys during summer. S and is larger than nations like Ecuador, French Guyana and Suriname. Located in the Pampa Grande, Matarral and Comarapa east of the country, Santa Cruz borders Mato (150–220 km north-west of capital, c.200 species) Grosso (Brazil) to the east, the department of Leaving the capital, the ‘old road to Cochabamba’ Beni to the north, Cochabamba to the west, and passes through good birding habitat. From Chuquisaca and Paraguay to the south. The most the town of Pampa Grande, through Matarral, important city in the department is the capital, and up to Comarapa you traverse c.70 km Santa Cruz de la Sierra. Here, the visitor will of inter-Andean valleys dominated by xeric find accommodation and other services, and it is vegetation. Stop first at Pampa Grande, where also the best base from which to visit the rest of the best area is c.100 m before the town by the department. Among habitats, there is some the río Seco. In May–August you should find exceptionally well-preserved Chaco, Chiquitano groups up to 60 Red-fronted Macaws Ara woodlands, large swathes of Amazonian terra rubrogenys (endemic and Endangered). Another firme in the north, dry inter-Andean valleys option for this species is to visit Perereta3. and a large segment of the Pantanal. Santa Beyond the town of Matarral, look for gullies Cruz is the second bird-richest department in and gorges. These are excellent for Bolivian Bolivia, with almost 1,100 species. This total Earthcreeper Tarphonomus harterti (near- includes 11 of Bolivia’s 17 endemics. Here we endemic, having recently been discovered in present the best places to look for most of these Argentina), which normally sings very early in endemics, as well as several globally threatened the morning or in the last hours in the afternoon. species2. Our article complements the one by 3 Stripe-crowned Spinetail Cranioleuca pyrrhophia, Bennett Hennessey , which contains new birding Rufous-capped Antshrike Thamnophilus alternatives in the department of Santa Cruz. ruficapillus and the tricky Bolivian Warbling Finch Poospiza boliviana (near-endemic) also Andes occur. Around Comarapa, roadside birding offers Abra de los Toros good chances of finding Striped Woodpecker (120 km north-west of capital, c.150 species) Veniliornis lignarius, Greater Wagtail-Tyrant The tourist town of Samaipata is two hours by road Stigmatura budytoides and Gray-crested Finch from Santa Cruz de la Sierra. From here, several Lophospingus griseocristatus (near-endemic). roads enter Parque Nacional Amboró, one of the There are hotels only in Comarapa, where most spectacular natural reserves on the planet. we recommend Finca la Víspera (tel: +591 Access points include La Yunga, Abra de los Toros, 3 94 46 082, e-mail: [email protected]). Las Lauras and the town of Volcanes. All are good but we prefer Abra de los Toros. Some 112 km Siberia from Santa Cruz de la Sierra along the ‘old road to (240 km north-west of capital, c.150 species) Cochabamba’ (ruta 7), a well-marked road to the After a night at Comarapa, head c.10 km along left leads to Achira Sierra Resort. Abra de los Toros the ‘old Cochabamba road’ to Siberia, and explore lies 45 minutes beyond the resort by 4×4 vehicle. the area’s gullies for Red-tailed Comet Sappho Where the road ends take a path that sparganura, Green-tailed Trainbearer Lesbia leads upwards; after c.100 m take the path to nuna, Spot-breasted Thornbird Phacellodomus the left, and look for the spectacular Crested maculipectus and Creamy-breasted Canastero Quetzal Pharomachrus antisianus and Barred Asthenes dorbignyi. Fifteen km further on, Fruiteater Pipreola arcuata. Mixed-species flocks keep your eyes open for Andean Condor among the tree ferns and in the understorey Vultur gryphus (Near Threatened). Montane include Variable Antshrike Thamnophilus cloud forest starts at 2,300 m altitude. Walk caerulescens aspersiventer, Slaty Gnateater the road for two endemics: Black-throated Conopophaga ardesiaca, Rufous-naped Brush Thistletail Schizoeaca harterti and Gray-bellied Finch Atlapetes rufinucha (endemic) and Flowerpiercer Diglossa carbonaria. After 6 km, Citrine Warbler Basileuterus luteoviridis, while the road reaches Empalme, where a small road Solitary Eagle Harpyhaliaetus solitarius and heads right to Khara Huasi village. Some 3–5 pairs of Black-winged Parrot Hapalopsittaca km along this secondary road you will reach a melanotis fly overhead. The calls of Military good area for the spectacular Hooded Mountain neotropical birding 7 63 Top: Male Band-tailed Fruiteater Pipreola intermedia (Daniel Alarcón) is a beautiful fruiteater that can be found at Abra de los Toros or Siberia Bottom: Crested Hornero Furnarius cristatus (Daniel Alarcón); a characteristic species of dry areas, it is often found in the Chaco 64 neotropical birding 7 Top: Brown Jacamar Brachygalba lugubris (Daniel Alarcón). Rare in Bolivia, but uncommon at forest edges of the Estación Biológica Caparú Bottom: Gray-crested Finch Lophospingus griseocristatus (Daniel alarcón) is almost confined to bolivia and is commonly observed along the road between Pampa Grande and Comarapa neotropical birding 7 65 >> BIRDING SITES BIRDING SANTA CRUZ, BOLIVIA Toucan Andigena cucullata (near-endemic). Bolivia’s best roads. Probably the best option to Other interesting species to look for in this area stay is Camiri (228 km from Santa Cruz), after include Trilling Tapaculo Scytalopus parvirostris, which you can continue to Boyuibe. Both localities and, with a little luck, Black-and-chestnut Eagle hold excellent examples of Bolivian Chaco. Once Spizaetus isidori flying over the woodland. at Boyuibe, take ruta 6 (6 km from the east end of the village), and after 2.6 km take the road Chaco to the left. Park and look for Chaco Chachalaca Boyuibe and surrounding areas Ortalis canicollis, Crested Hornero Furnarius (325 km south of capital, c.200 species) cristatus, Short-billed Canastero Asthenes From Santa Cruz, take ruta 9 toward Yacuiba. baeri, Cinereous Tyrant Knipolegus striaticeps The trip to Boyuibe takes five hours along one of and Many-colored Chaco Finch Saltatricula map showing recommended birding sites in Santa cruz department, bolivia. 1–abra de los toros, 2–pampa grande, 3–matarral, 4–comarapa, 5–Siberia, 6–boyuibe, 7–estacion biologica caparu and 8–San fernando de pozones. 66 neotropical birding 7 multicolor. At dusk and dawn, listen for singing BIRDING LOGistics Spot-backed Puffbird Nystalus maculatus and Stripe-backed Antbird Myrmorchilus strigilatus. We recommend a minimum of two weeks birding in Santa Cruz; you’ll see the highest number of species Chiquitanía and Amazonía during June–december. almost all towns have Estacion Biologica Caparú several accommodation options, but we recommend (550 km north-east of capital, c.560 species) visiting at least three different hotels before making Formerly a cattle ranch, Estancia Caparú is a decision. charter flights are a good way to visit now a biological research station, under the sites in the lowlands (make arrangements through same ownership. To visit Caparú, contact Jaime fundación amigos de la naturaleza, FAN (tel: +591 Rozenman (tel: +591 3 35 52 923, cel: +591 77 39 3 35 56 800, www.fan-bo.org) or carlos gonzáles 54 73, e-mail: [email protected]). There Weise (cel: +591 77 08 87 32, e-mail: cgweise@ are two options to reach the site. The faster option hotmail.com, an excellent pilot who speaks perfect is to take a plane from Santa Cruz to Estación english). otherwise a 4×4 vehicle is advisable. Biológica Caparú. The flight takes just one hour Finally, public transportation is good between major and 45 minutes. The slower option is to hire a population centres but you must be patient with 4×4 vehicle and take ruta 10 from Santa Cruz arrival and departure times! With regard to security to El Carmen (300 km), and from there take a in the lowlands, be careful near the Brazilian border minor road to the left to San José de Campamento in particular. Local people are generally friendly to (100 km). Here you can arrange to meet a guide visitors; in the highlands or in cloud forest areas, you to escort you to the ranch. If you are thinking should let the local people know why you are there. about covering this distance in two days (not Purchase food in advance in Santa Cruz, since it a bad idea considering the poor quality of the may be scarce in smaller towns. In humid forest, dry roads) you should overnight in San Ignacio de forest and wetlands, especially from november–april, Velasco, 71 km from El Carmen. Here there are remember to always wear long-sleeved shirts and two excellent hotels: we prefer La Mision (tel: apply insect repellent. +591 3 96 22 333, www.hotel-lamision.com). there is currently no field guide to bolivia, although a Caparú is an amazing spot due to the quality checklist is available2. We recommend using the Peru of the accommodation, the diversity of habitats guide for the Andes and Amazonian regions of Bolivia6 (Chiquitano woodlands, riverine forest, seasonally and the paraguay guide for the chiquitano dry forest, flooded woodlands, terra firme forests, cerrado, 5 wet and dry pampas, and lagoons), and the high Chaco and Pantanal .
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