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DSC, FT-IR, NIR, NIR-PCA and NIR-ANOVA for Determination of Chemical Stability of Diuretic Drugs

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DSC, FT-IR, NIR, NIR-PCA and NIR-ANOVA for Determination of Chemical Stability of Diuretic Drugs Journal xyz 2017; 1 (2): 122–135 Open Chem., 2018; 16: 116–132 The First Decade (1964-1972) Research Article Open Access Research Article Anna Gumieniczek*, Hanna Trębacz, Łukasz Komsta, Agnieszka Atras, Beata Jopa, Michał Max Musterman, Paul Placeholder Szumiło, Łukasz Popiołek What Is So Different About Neuroenhancement? DSC, FT-IR, NIR, NIR-PCA and NIR-ANOVA Was ist so anders am Neuroenhancement? for determination of chemical stability Journal xyz 2017; 1 (2): 122–135 Pharmacological and Mental Self-transformation in Ethic of diuretic drugs: impact of excipients Comparison Pharmakologische und mentale Selbstveränderung im The First Decade (1964-1972) ethischen Vergleich https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2018-0014Research Article received August 16, 2017; accepted December 23, 2017. amiloride is an important question to minimize their https://doi.org/10.1515/xyz-2017-0010 degradation processes, especially when new types of received February 9, 2013; accepted March 25, 2013; published online July 12, 2014 Max Musterman, Paul Placeholder Abstract: It is well known that drugs can directly react formulations are being manufactured. Abstract: In the concept of the aesthetic formation of knowledge and its as soon withWhat excipients. Is In So addition, Different excipients can About be a source of as possible and success-oriented application, insights and profits without the impurities that either directly react with drugs or catalyze Keywords: diuretics, excipients and interactions, high reference to the arguments developed around 1900. The main investigation also theirNeuroenhancement? degradation. Thus, binary mixtures of three diuretics, temperature and humidity, UV/VIS light, DSC, FT-IR, includes the period between the entry into force and the presentation in its current torasemide, furosemide and amiloride with different NIR, NIR-PCA, NIR-ANOVA version. Their function as part of the literary portrayal and narrative technique. Was ist so anders am Neuroenhancement? excipients, i.e. citric acid anhydrous, povidone K25 (PVP), Keywords: Function, transmission, investigation, principal, period magnesium stearate (Mg stearate), lactose, D-mannitol, Pharmacological and Mental Self-transformation in Ethic glycine, calcium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous (CaHPO4) Dedicated to Paul Placeholder andComparison starch, were examined to detect interactions. High List of abbreviations: temperaturePharmakologische and humidity und or UV/VIS mentale irradiation Selbstveränderung were im CaHPO - calcium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous appliedethischen as stressing Vergleich conditions. Differential scanning 4 DSC - differential scanning calorimetry 1 Studies and Investigations calorimetry (DSC), FT-IR and NIR were used to adequately Mg stearate - magnesium stearate collecthttps://doi.org/10.1515/xyz-2017-0010 information. In addition, chemometric assessments The main investigation also includes the period between the entry into force and PVP - povidone K25 of NIRreceived signals February with 9, principal2013; accepted component March 25, 2013;analysis published (PCA) online July 12, 2014 the presentation in its current version. Their function as part of the literary por- PCA - principal component analysis trayal and narrative technique. and ANOVA were applied. Abstract: In the concept of the aesthetic formation of knowledgePCs - principal and its components as soon Between the excipients examined, lactose and starch as possible and success-oriented application, insights andSNV profits - standard without normal the variate did not show any interactions while citric acid, PVP, Mg reference to the arguments developed around 1900. The main investigation also *Max Musterman: Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning stearate and glycine were peculiarly operative. Some of Road Keelung 20224, Taiwan (R.O.C), e-mail: [email protected] includes the period between the entry into force and the presentation in its current these interactions were shown without any stress, while Paul Placeholder: Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning version. Their function as part of the literary portrayal and narrative technique. Road Keelung 20224, Taiwan (R.O.C), e-mail: [email protected] others were caused or accelerated by high temperature 1 Introduction and humidity, Function,and less bytransmission, UV/VIS light. investigation, Based on these principal, period Open Access. © ���� Mustermann and Placeholder, published by De Gruyter. This work is Keywords: licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives �.� License. results, potential mechanisms for the observed interactions Torasemide and furosemide belong to the group of loop wereDedicated proposed. to Paul Finally, Placeholder we conclude that selection of diuretics which selectively inhibit NaCl reabsorption appropriate excipients for torasemide, furosemide and in the thick ascending limb of Henle´s loop. Amiloride belongs to potassium sparing diuretics which antagonize aldosterone effects at the late distal and 1 Studies and Investigations cortical collecting tubules. This antagonism may be *Corresponding author: Anna Gumieniczek: Department of due to inhibition of sodium influx through ion channels MedicinalThe main Chemistry, investigation Medical University also includes of Lublin, the Jaczewskiego period between 4, the entry into force and in the luminal membrane [1]. Chemically, torasemide 20-090the Lublin,presentation Poland, E-mail: in its [email protected] version. Their function as part of the literary por- Hanna Trębacz, Agnieszka Atras: Department of Biophysics, Medical and furosemide are the sulfonamide derivatives while trayal and narrative technique. University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland amiloride is a pyrazine compound with a guanidinium Łukasz Komsta, Beata Jopa: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, group. In the literature, only few papers exist in which Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland chemical stability of torasemide and furosemide Michał*Max Szumiło: Musterman: Department Institute of ofApplied Marine Pharmacy, Biology, NationalMedical Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning was examined in a solid state [2-6]. In addition, the UniversityRoad Keelung of Lublin, 20224, Chodźki Taiwan 1, 20-093 (R.O.C), Lublin, e-mail: Poland [email protected] ŁukaszPaul Popiołek: Placeholder: Department Institute of of Organic Marine Chemistry,Biology, National Medical Taiwan Oceanexperiments University, 2 Pei-Ning on the chemical stability of amiloride in a UniversityRoad Keelung of Lublin, 20224, Chodźki Taiwan 4, 20-093 (R.O.C), Lublin, e-mail: Poland [email protected] solid state have not been found in the literature. There Journal xyz 2017; 1 (2): 122–135 Open Open Access. Access. © © 2018 ���� Anna Mustermann Gumieniczek and Placeholder, et al., published published by by De De Gruyter. Gruyter. ThisThis work work is is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivativeslicensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License. �.� License. The First Decade (1964-1972) Research Article Max Musterman, Paul Placeholder What Is So Different About Neuroenhancement? Was ist so anders am Neuroenhancement? Pharmacological and Mental Self-transformation in Ethic Comparison Pharmakologische und mentale Selbstveränderung im ethischen Vergleich https://doi.org/10.1515/xyz-2017-0010 received February 9, 2013; accepted March 25, 2013; published online July 12, 2014 Abstract: In the concept of the aesthetic formation of knowledge and its as soon as possible and success-oriented application, insights and profits without the reference to the arguments developed around 1900. The main investigation also includes the period between the entry into force and the presentation in its current version. Their function as part of the literary portrayal and narrative technique. Keywords: Function, transmission, investigation, principal, period Dedicated to Paul Placeholder 1 Studies and Investigations The main investigation also includes the period between the entry into force and the presentation in its current version. Their function as part of the literary por- trayal and narrative technique. *Max Musterman: Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road Keelung 20224, Taiwan (R.O.C), e-mail: [email protected] Paul Placeholder: Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2 Pei-Ning Road Keelung 20224, Taiwan (R.O.C), e-mail: [email protected] Open Access. © ���� Mustermann and Placeholder, published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives �.� License. DSC, FT-IR, NIR, NIR-PCA and NIR-ANOVA for determination of chemical stability of diuretic drugs... 117 is also scarce information about its interactions with 2.2 Stress conditions excipients [7-10]. Furthermore, there are no reports about chemical stability of torasemide, furosemide and Individual drugs, individual excipients and the mixtures amiloride in which chemometric methods were added were located in small alumina crucibles as thin layers ca. 3 to typical analytical tools like differential scanning mm. Then, these samples were stored in a climate chamber calorimetry (DSC) or spectrophotometry. KBF P240 (WTC Binder, Germany) at high temperature All guidelines emphasize the importance of testing and humidity (70oC/80% RH) for 30 and 60 days. The UV/ chemical stability of
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