3 2 2 P & X . 2 Q . 6 & .
A6P 9avi
Introduction 3 & , & % * 3 + % + & Q % / ( ( 4 & + & & & ( && && * T & 1 & & & 6 & 2 * % ( ( && 1 * 3 & & + ( & Q * 3 & (& & & 1 & Q *
$ & Q 9 % & & 4 ( = *7 3 + & ( % "#7#4"#7"* 1 8] & ( & * 9 & ( && % R * . ( 1& * & % ( & [ 1 2 Q j ( & & Q . 6 & T * 3 ' & ( & & 1 ( & ( 2 * : < [ & < % ( + & 2 & * 3 6 & Q 4 + ( 2
1）Real na es are utili,e in this stu * However% the author use pseu on s in lieu of the real na es of the sub'ect that preferre to protect their i entit *
― 48 ― 3he apanese Shinto Shrines in Parl Issei（A6P 9avi ）
2 * 2 2 / ( ( ( & & % Q % [ & * ! ( O 1 %P 2 & * 2 = ( & & 1 & O 1 P & / & & * & 1 & & & % 4 / ( < & 1 & & * / ( ( 1& * 3 ( 7## ( Izumo Taishi 2 ( ( / & & * & + ( * ! & ( 2 ' / & & 1 * / && OMy mother told me about the time she got married. She said that my father travel all the way to Honolulu to pick me up and in those days you had to go to the docks to the immigration office. After we got out of immigration, we were forced to the Kamisama temple (Izumo Taishakyo Shrine) in downtown (Honolulu) and we had a Shinto style wedding. Soon after that he took his new wife back to Kona*P = ( 2 Q 9 ( &&% & ( = [ & ( Q * & ( % ' & ( 2 & % ( ( ' & ( ( ( % ( & ( & * & + & & & * ( 1 && ( + & % 2 42 / ( ' 6 % 2 % . * 2 & && *" % ( & Q & 4 & 4 & & * Q 3 3 = 0]4 4 & OWhen I was little my parents changed (converted) to Christian so I had to attend church every Sunday. So my parents became Christian I became Christian but my friends were all belonging to the Hongwanji. I remembered ' * + / * * / 0 ' 1 ' ' 3 ' ' 43 ' ' 67 0 8 * ' ' / ' * people that were stronger than my father and refuse to go to the Buddhist events* ( ( % Q ; ( % & = / & & && % OMy father told me that the shrines were made by everyone round here (community). The (Japanese) community donated money and slowly the shrine was built. Some people gave money while others gave their time and other donated supplies.P
2）P & 3 * 7$$8 * 9 ; / / " * 0 < = ' * 1 X && 5 * 3）Q 3 % = % ( / & & Q 1 & * / ( & 4 * / 1 Q 9 2 42 3 & % Q Q ' % & & * / 1 & ( & & * Q 3 ( *
― 49 ― 金城学院大学論集 社会科学編 第 9 巻第 2 号 2013年 3 月
The Inari Shrine 3 2 . & Q 9 * Inari Okami 8 [ 2 & 1 && & % % & * 3 ( 700]% & 6 & *] 3 2 ( & Q & ( % ( & 1 & Q * ! & , 2 & = ( * 3 2 [ && 1 = ( R [ % 1& % & % & & omamori * Q 9 % 2 ( & ( & & ( * % & & * 3 & & 9 * / 2 1 / 1 % OQ P %P && & *@ 9 [ & ( ( & (% & & & + & 2 & && * ! & & 2 + + * ; ( & * : & 1 &&% ( && * / ( ' ( O + P && ( && * 3 6 talisman 1 1 Q Q 2 ofuda* 3 & % && 1 % % && % & * % ( & kamidana * : ( & = % && & 1 & 1 & & * . omamori ( & & & * % ( & & ( ( & * ( 1 & % ( % ( ( && * 3 omamori ( < & Q % & & ' ( * ( & ( % 1 & omiyage & * & % 2 ( & & ( % & ' * ? = % Othe shrine was
4）: P % 1 7@ 1 1& 4 ( * & [ 1 2 6 1 & * ! 4 V"%### 2 * 5） ( * 7$V$ * 6）Q P j P 1 % 7$87 j & = * 7） % = % ( / & & Q . 1 & * 2
― 50 ― 3he apanese Shinto Shrines in Parl Issei（A6P 9avi ） always empty, so when we were little we used to go up there and play in the rooms at that time there was * * 7 "# 0 ' 1 / a couple weeks preparing for oshogatsu. He used to paint the gate red and make all those kinds of white * / ' 0 ' 1 [ ' * ladies wore their beautiful kimonos*P
The Shinto Shrine (Izumo Taishi) 3 , 3 2 2 1 & 70?$ Q 9 / & & * 3 ( 1 & & && ( 1 & ( & & * & % % 2 & 1 & * 2 & ( ( % = ( R & % ; [ % 1& % 1 + * 1 : & : % ' ( ( ' ' ( ( R * ; = ( % ! 2 % 1 & ' % OIt started in the very early morning on [ * / ' ' * 8 ? 7 @ ' * 0 ' 1 7 ' ' ' of our culture and it was fun for us. After that the people who lived around this area would make mochi or mochitsuki, and that was the one thing I really missed the most. Because for me I always related the time in my childhood to mochitsuki and Kamisama (Shinto shrine), now that I think about it is really sad, 8 * ' * / * *P 2 && 2 , ( & [ * ; & ' Q 1 % OMy father * G [ / ' * * my brother was only about ten-years-old and he looked so tiny and small at the sumo tournament I was kinda worried that he might get hurt. I still remembered how they threw the salt and prayed to the shrine. So yes, we were I guess Shinto too. Of course we had that kamidana and every morning my * 4 6 < *P ( 2 & % 2 ( ( ( * P 1 & [ & % , 2 & & ( & + 1 % ( + 1 * 3 & & ( 1& O 1 & *P ! 0 0?4 4 & = % OMy father used to wake up early in the morning and go
( 1 / ( ' 2 42 3 & * 6 ( ( = Q . &&4 % & & & * 8）! = ( Q 1 & / & & * 2 ( Q 9 Q * 2 ( ( ( & 4 ' 1 * ; 4 ' 1 ( 1 * ! * 4 1
― 51 ― 金城学院大学論集 社会科学編 第 9 巻第 2 号 2013年 3 月
N ' ' N7 9 0 ' 1 (Hatsumode), we would make and put on the kamidana you know the big mochi, (rice cakes) mikan, (tangerine) surume, (dry squid) and this pretty Japanese paper on the bottom*P 9 ; = ( R % 1& 4 ( & < % Q 1 % & 1 & % % ( ( * 9 % 2 & & * & * 3 2 & 1 & & & & + && * && 1 & R "]% 8" @7% ( 7$% VV V?* 3 8" VV ( 1 & & 1 % & * 3 1 1 8" VV && & 1 * 3 1 8" 1 Oshi-niP ( ( ( O %P VV% ( OsanzanP & O %P O 1& %P O *P : % ' + & yakubarai 2 * = = ( 1 & && & * 3 1 + ( & Jinja* ( & & 1 * 3 2 & ( & + & * 3 ( & ( ( & 1 & * 3 & ( & & 1 ( & * % & & ' % ( & & & ( & ( + && & & & * 3 ' & 1 ( ( 1 : & : * 3 ( && 1 1 * P ( % R ( ( 1 ( & & 1 & ( *
# # % & ' * + ,-" & 700#R ( ( ( & ( & * : ( % Q 9 & R 7$#?* *2* & & % & & 1 * & ( & 1 % ( & ( 2
Q / ( ' 2 42 * 2 ( 1 ' & ( ( *
― 52 ― 3he apanese Shinto Shrines in Parl Issei（A6P 9avi ）
( * 3 ( 1 O 41 *P $ % ( / ( ( 2 ( & * 3 ( [ ( + ( 1 * % ( & ( && ( 1 R & & * Q ( 2 & * 3 ( ' Q 9 ( 2 % 1 ' ( ( 2 * 3 && ( O 1 P * % (& 1 1 1 & & ( ( ( ( 1 * 3 ( & * ( 1 & & , & ( & * . 1 ( ( ( ( & 1 && && & Q + & ( * ;& % ( ( % ( ( ( < & 1 41 ( * Q 9 % & ( 1 & ( ( ( 1& * ( = ( ( & & & 1 % OAmong the older people in Kona, there were many unhappy married women as a result of arranged marriage*P 2 & = ( j ( 1 * ! % OG* ' $Q 4* 6 * ' UY 4* 6 N gap and the generation period was way too much. In the beginning of the marriage I think they had a little trouble but as they got older, I guess they got used to each other*P = ( (& & ( ( & 1& * : ( & = & & ( * 9 ( % = (& R * 2 & & 1 & ( & % Ono answer%P 2 ! 1 % O N ' * ' / * say much, they were really Japanese, you know straight face and really serious. Sometimes I was so / * N *P = & 7# & 1 & 1 ! ' & * ! Q ( & ( 1 ( & * ( & + % ( ( & % ( 1 R 1 ( ' / ( * 3 ( % ( * 3 1 R & ( (yuinokin % & ( * % 1 R & ( tansu % % ( ( ( * & & 1 = & & ( (
9）9 ; ( % 7$?0 j T & 3 * 7$0V * 10）/ ( % 7$@$ = X 3 [ * 1 & , = ! ' & *
― 53 ― 金城学院大学論集 社会科学編 第 9 巻第 2 号 2013年 3 月
( & = * 3 & 1& ( [ & = ( * % [ 1 ( ( ( & shiromuku ( & & * 3 1 ( & ( tsunokakushi ( ( % ( 1 1 & ( * 3 ( & ( tabi ( ( & zouri * 3 ( & montsuki & 4& * 1 2 & & & ( ( * 2 & ( ( & ( Q 9 * % P 1 R & ( & ( R % ( && 1 R ( * 3 ( 1 R ( && 1 & * 3 ( ( & 1& R & ( 1 ( + & * 2 & 1 ( 7## % ( ( & + & @## && * T 4 R 77 post ( ( ( + ( [ && [ 4 && 1 & ( & * 3 ( && < & ( ( * 3 ( ( && & 1 R * ( + % & ( ( & 4 * 1& & 1 ( & & & & ( ( * 3 & ( & ( * 3 ( & ( & / ( * ; & ( = ; & ( 3 [ * 5& [ % ( ( ( ( 1 ( & & & 1 ( * & 1 1& ( & 1 ( Q & , % ' % % % && & * ; 4 ( ( ( [ % Q & % & 4& & / ( & * P [&& ( & * && ( & ( 1 1& ( & & 1 ** 3 1 / ( < & & ' / ( / ( & , ( % ( ( & * 3 < & & Q & % & & % % * 3 & & & / ( *
11） % 4 ; 1 ( 2 / & & & ( Q *
― 54 ― 3he apanese Shinto Shrines in Parl Issei（A6P 9avi ）
Q 2 %7" = + & % OThe Hawaiians were kind to our family they were always giving us stuff, you know fish, poi, and when they gave, they gave a lot. My father used to have two Hawaiian family friends and they were so nice to my father and our family really got along with them well*P 9 ( & Q % + & ( % & ( *
/ % 0 " # * 6 2 5 & / 1 % ( 6 2 = Q % ( & 1 & ( 2 * & % 1 & & ( 6 Q R & 2 * Q ( ( 2 ( 1 & ( & 1 1 & * Q j ( % ( ( ( * ! * ( % % 1 & 1 & % / ( & 2 : && / && ( & *7V 3 Q & *
OWilliam Hill in his younger days this haole guy used to go all around the island peddling reading ' N [ [ = 7 1 N ' * 4 @@ 6 Hilo to Kona it used to take up the whole day, and so to save some money instead of staying in a hotel, my father offered him to stay or sleep any place where there was space in the store or I think in the living room. My father was so kind to him and of course to everybody. He used to eat with us N ' N N *7 \ N ' ' N ' 7 So when Doc Hill heard about my father was being detained in a Hilo relocation camp, he went down right away and because he was a Senator, got him out of there, and so we were very lucky. And so my father always used to tell us “ongaeshi” if you give good things then something good will always come back, and that is what we learned from our parents*P After my father was released, maybe I think about less than a week the Shinto Shine problem came 7 ]+ [ N * N N 7 few days later the FBI (agents) came for the second time, then my father called my brother and me, and told us to take these two men up to see the Kamisama (shrine). So I was so scared so I let my
12）Q 2 % = % ( Q & & 1 & * / Q ( / &* ; % ( && & % ( 4 4 ( 1 V & * / ( 1 Q / ( ' 2 42 3 & ( ( && ( ( & [ % ( 1 & [ & 1* 13）/ &&% : && /* * * * 9 / & % & / ( % / ( . % / ( * T 1& * ! 1 / ( 3 4 & 2 % 7$"04]$j & T 1& = & . / ( 3 % 7$88j 1 / ( 2 2 % 7$]$4@?*
― 55 ― 金城学院大学論集 社会科学編 第 9 巻第 2 号 2013年 3 月
brother take them up there and I was about twenty or thirty feet behind. In the beginning, the FBI started looking around, and all of a sudden one FBI agent picked up a stick and started wrecking the walls outside. The other FBI agent entered inside and scratched everything inside, tore up all the kakejiku (scrolls) and smashed the glass casing and took all the Shinto precious documents with them. My whole family was shocked and scared. This is something that I will never forget. At the ' * * N ' ' N ' *P
9 9 ' 3 & % ( & ( & 1 & 2 * 3 2 ( ( && ( % 1 * 3 ' = ( ( 1 & * ! ( 1 1' 2 * = 2 ( % ( ( & ( * . / %78 $@4 4 & = & ( / & & % ( + 1 2 * 2 & ( ( 2 : & : % ( & % OIt was sad because no one could say anything about the shrine after the war because people would think of you as un- American. So I suppose that after so many years I guess everybody just gave up*P 2 + & && 2 OI think that it is really sad because it is a true ? 7 N * N ' * ' about. As for me when I was little it was so much fun to visit the Jinjya every year*P 2 & = & & ( & 2 * Q 3 % $84 4 & = % ( & 1 & ( 2 * Q 3 & [ 2 O< 8 N [ freedom of religion. So basically the government destroyed our religion by shutting down our Shinto shrine. The government knew that it was the wrong thing to do, but most of all it was the wrong thing of [# 4 6 ? *P / + & ( [ & O P ( [ && ( ( ( % 2 * O * 4^U * 6 ' * ' * ' ' 7 ] * N ' N N was a shameful experience for Japanese or any race*P 5 2 % & ' 2 * ; 1 ( &
14）. / % = % $@4 4 & % ( / & & & = Q 1 & * 2 ( & 2 Q 4 * 2 1 Q 9 ' 2 42 3 & % 1 & & *
― 56 ― 3he apanese Shinto Shrines in Parl Issei（A6P 9avi ）
& , 1 = 1 & * % % & ( & & & * & 1 ( & * 3 % 1 = ( 1 & 1 & & * P ( % & + ( & 2 * % P R ( &&* 5 & 1 ( P * 3 ( & = ( * 3 ' & = P R & 1 & * & & & % 1 & 2 ( Osimple and less complicated*P % 2 < & & & * && ( && ( + & % % % ( % ( * 3 ( & * 6 ( % ( && & 1 & * 3 & (& ( ( & ( & && ( 1 1 ( 1 ( * Q 3 1 % OWe were taught by our parents that during prayer, we were not to ask for things or good fortunes, but of appreciation and thanks for what we have. We were taught never to ask for anything or give me this, help me or help my brother because he is sick. My parent would say bachigaataruP 1 ( && * 3 ' = ( & & ( & & + ( & *
/ 7 8 0 " $ 6 :& ;% 7 ,-" : & ( < % ( [ & ( & * . < 1 * 1 / & & % . 1 R * 3 . % && 2 & , 2 % & % ( 1 & % & + & 8# * 2 1 2 : & : % ' = & && ( & 6 & * 3 & = ( [ = & , 6 ( * 3 6 ( ( < * ! ! % = 1 % O ' ' N ' ' # / * / * ' married in a shrine (Shinto). Because my parents kept saying that in Japan temples are only for when people die not weddings. So we were like what do we have to do, or is the ceremony long or like is ? * N ? 7 * N ' ' *P 2 & = 6 ( ( && ( = *
― 57 ― 金城学院大学論集 社会科学編 第 9 巻第 2 号 2013年 3 月
( % Q 1 & & ( ( 1 & , 6 & * 2 ( % ( & * = & j ( % ( 6 & 6 ( & * 3 ' = ( 6 & & & & * 3 ' = 1 & ( 6 & &[&& * ! 1 ( ( 6 & & ( ( & ( * % ! ! ( & ( & * / R ( & , 6 & ( && * / % O # * ' / marry at the Buddhist temple. I am not a hard core Buddhist member but because of the weddings and other events that the church (temple) was involved in I think the temple did many good things for the *G9 * / * * / * * ' happy that it was at the church (Japanese temple)*P 3 6 ( Q 9 ( < < 6 & & ( . ( & ( 6 ( * = = % OThe wedding ceremony was really long in comparison to a Christian wedding. Before in our days, the priest read the okyo (sutra) over and over [8 8 ' / N* 7 9 ' ' ' ' ? ' *P ! ( = ( & ( & ( ( ( & ( * 3 ( ( & * 3 = ( ( ( & ( ( % ( ( ( & &* 3 ( ( ( ( 1 & & . ( * ( % 6 & ( ( 1 & / ( ( & & 1 % % & * % ( ( & 1 1& & ( 4 ( ( & * 3 % & & & & 1 ( ( 1 & ( * 3 & = ( ( && & 1 1 R ( & R * 3 [ 1 * ! ( ( ( & * 3 ' & = ( % ( 6 & 6 & & & ( %* & % ( & * 3 ' ( ( *
― 58 ― 3he apanese Shinto Shrines in Parl Issei（A6P 9avi ）
3 1 & 1 & * 3 1 & 1& & % % Q & , % % , % ' % % & % , % %7] 1 ( & & / ( * 2 & ( ( 1 1& % 1 % [ ( & * 6 ( ( O P & 4 & & * ;& & & ( 1& 1 % & ( & * 3 ( & 1 , 1 & * 3 & = ( 1 & ( 6 & & * 3 6 & ( & & Q 9 ( % & % 1& * 3 & & % 1& % < & * ' = ' 6 & * 3 ' = ( ( ( = 1 * 2& & & & ( & ( ( * 3 ( && * % = ( * % ( % = & & ( * && % + & % 6 ( ( & % % 1 % & % 1& & * 3 % % ( & 1 * 5 1& & & 1 ( & ( & 4 & * 3 1 & / ( & (4 & & 1 6 ( & *
Conclusion 3 & ( ( & 1 R 2 & 1 , * 3 ( ( < & ( ( ( , & & & R ( 4 & & & * 3 ' ( & & & 4 & & ( ( 1& 1 = * 3 & 2 % 1 1'
15）. / ( & & 1 1 ( 1 *
― 59 ― 金城学院大学論集 社会科学編 第 9 巻第 2 号 2013年 3 月
* 3 & = & 1& & & (& 2 + 1 & 1 & * 3 ( + & 4( = * ( [ + ( & 1 1& 1 & *
# % P 1 % * 7$V$ * = ( & Q Q % / ( * American 9 / 0 ' % J &* 87% = * V* P 1 % * 7$87 * & Q % / ( * American Anthropologist 8V% * 8* % (* 7$V$ * & T & / ( *The American Journal of Sociology% J &* 8]% = * " Published by: The University of Chicago Press% * "##4"78* = % Q P X A Biography of Dr. Harvey Saburo Hayashi* 1& 1 % Q / & 2 9 ( * ; ( % 9 * 7$?0 * Kodomo no tameni 2 . & X The Japanese American Experience in Hawaii. / & & X / ( 5 * / ( % 6 &&* 7$@$ * 0 { 9 * = ( X : && ! ( . % * 3 % P & /* 7$$8 * 9 ; / / " * 0 < = ' 7 1 X && 5 * 3 % T & * 7$0V * ! = ! \ \ = ' $Q&| $^%Y* / & & X / ( 5 *
― 60 ―