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Corso Di Laurea Magistrale (Ordinamento Ex DM 270/2004)

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Corso Di Laurea Magistrale (Ordinamento Ex DM 270/2004) Corso di Laurea magistrale (ordinamento ex D.M. 270/2004) In Discipline Demo-etno-antropologiche Tesi di Laurea Sul sentiero del dharma. Incontro personale e trasformazione del sé nell’Istituto Lama Tzong Khapa di Pomaia. Relatore Ch.ma Prof.ssa Tamisari Franca Laureando Ilaria Callegari Matricola 805397 Anno Accademico 2013 / 2014 1 2 "[...] I'm twenty-seven, it's been already ten years and I'm still in the process to become a buddhist... so it's not something that happens from one day to another, you know. Being a buddhist it's not about just reading books or going to courses, taking meditations or initiations... It is also about the life style, you know. The attitude you have, the way you think, the way you act, the way you talk [...]" (Lama) Ӧsel Hita in Kopan Monastery, Part 1: "Life story" Canale YouTube: Larissa Matteyssen Pubblicato in data 29.04.2013 Figura 1. (Lama) Ӧsel Hita Torres, la rinascita spagnola di Lama Yeshe – Archivio digitale ILTK 3 SOMMARIO CAPITOLO 1 ............................................................................................................................................ 8 Introduzione: l’incontro con il campo.......................................................................................... 8 1. “E FU COSI’ CHE GLI UOMINI SCORDARONO CHE TUTTE LE DIVINITA’ RISIEDONO NEL CUORE UMANO” ................................................................................................... 8 2. APPUNTI DI METODOLOGIA: RACCOLTI DATI E POSIZIONAMENTO ............. 13 2.1. Raccolta dati, colloqui, conversazioni ...................................................................... 13 2.2. Nota sulla traslitterazione dei vocaboli ................................................................... 19 2.3. Diventare Thubten Pemo .............................................................................................. 20 2.4. Limitazioni .......................................................................................................................... 28 CAPITOLO 2 .......................................................................................................................................... 30 Cenni teorici di trans-nazionalizzazione della compassione ............................................ 30 1. ANTROPOLOGIA DEL BUDDHISMO: CENNI STORICI E TEMATICHE .............. 31 2. UN MARE DI BUDDHISMI .................................................................................................. 35 2.1. Prime definizioni per il buddhismo in occidente ................................................. 35 2.2. Buddhismo globale e “western Buddhism” .............................................................. 39 2.2.1. Teorie di globalizzazione della religione ........................................................ 41 2.3. E in Italia? ............................................................................................................................ 47 3. APPROCCI GLOBALI AL BUDDHISMO ........................................................................... 50 3.1. Self-transformation e tecnologie del sé .................................................................... 59 CAPITOLO 3 .......................................................................................................................................... 67 Il buddhismo alle porte del vecchio continente ..................................................................... 67 4 1. RICEZIONE DEL BUDDHISMO IN EUROPA ................................................................. 67 1.1. La prima epoca: dagli inizi del 1800 al 1900 ......................................................... 67 1.2. Verso la pluralizzazione ................................................................................................. 71 2. LA FPMT: Fondazione per la Preservazione della Tradizione Mahāyāna (Foundation for the Preservation of the Mahāyāna Tradition) ....................................... 73 2.1. La FPMT Italia .................................................................................................................... 76 3. LIGNAGGIO E STORIA DELL’ ILTK ................................................................................. 78 3.1. Il “Guru-radice” .................................................................................................................. 78 3.2. Da Via Ampere 58, Milano alla campagna pisana ................................................ 84 3.3. “La possibilit{ di servire” .............................................................................................. 86 4. ATTIVITA’ DEL CENTRO .................................................................................................... 87 4.1. Attività di dharma ............................................................................................................ 90 4.2. Attività collaterali ............................................................................................................. 99 CAPITOLO 4 ....................................................................................................................................... 105 Il maṇḍala di Lama Yeshe ............................................................................................................ 105 1. LA COMUNITA’ O “IL MAṆḌALA DI LAMA YESHE” ............................................... 105 1.1. “Ambivalence is the norm” ........................................................................................ 107 1.2. I simpatizzanti ................................................................................................................ 109 1.3. I praticanti ........................................................................................................................ 113 2. PERCHÈ IL DHARMA? PER MOTIVI DI KARMA. ..................................................... 120 2.1. Dalla trasformazione personale (2) all’incontro con il dharma (1) ........... 120 2.2. Il dissenso dall’ambiente cattolico.......................................................................... 124 2.3. Il karma (3) ...................................................................................................................... 127 3. IL RIFUGIO ............................................................................................................................ 130 3.1. La cerimonia .................................................................................................................... 132 5 3.2. Il rifugio nel quotidiano .............................................................................................. 133 4. I MAESTRI ............................................................................................................................. 136 4.1. Lama Thubten Yeshe .................................................................................................... 137 4.2. Lama Zopa Rinpoche .................................................................................................... 138 4.3. Un “Oceano d’Amore” .................................................................................................. 139 4.4. Geshe Tenzin Tenphel ................................................................................................. 141 4.5. Dal monastero di Sera Je verso Ibiza ..................................................................... 142 4.6. Geshe vs lama .................................................................................................................. 145 4.7. Lignaggio e autorità spirituale ................................................................................. 146 5. COME “FUNZIONA” IL DHARMA: LA PRATICA ....................................................... 153 5.1. Praticare il dharma ....................................................................................................... 154 5.2. Coltivare la mente ......................................................................................................... 160 5.3. Il rapporto maestro-discepolo ................................................................................. 167 5.3.1. “E tu un maestro ce l’hai”? ................................................................................. 168 5.3.2. Le qualità di un guru ............................................................................................ 169 5.3.3. Il riconoscimento .................................................................................................. 171 5.3.4. La giusta connessione ......................................................................................... 174 5.3.5. Devozione al guru ................................................................................................. 178 5.3.6. Il guru-yoga ............................................................................................................. 180 Conclusioni ........................................................................................................................................ 185 1. NON SOLO SPIRITUAL MARKETPLACE .................................................................... 187 1.1. L’incontro personale con il dharma ....................................................................... 190 1.2. “…uno scambio d’amore…” ........................................................................................ 195 1.3. Questioni di pratica ...................................................................................................... 197 2. LA VIA
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