FACES AND PLACES

e r i c e School celebrates young physicists

Lecturers and young physicists from all over the world met in Erice from 29 August to 7 September. The event was the 2006 International School of Subnuclear held at the Ettore Majorana Foundation and Centre for Scientific Culture, a particular feature of which is to promote “new talents” among the young generation of physicists. The 44th in the series, the 2006 school covered some of the most advanced topics in physics under the theme “The logic of nature, complexity and new physics: from quark–gluon plasma to superstrings, quantum gravity and beyond”. The novel Lecturers and students at the 2006 International School of Subnuclear Physics. topic of complexity could shed new light on the Standard Model and the extension Standard Model. Complementary lectures in talks on the latest plans for a “super- that predicts grand unification and the on complexity and landscape in string beauty” project; the preparations for the resolution of the quantum-gravity problem theory and on the status of lattice quantum International Linear Collider and Compact via relativistic quantum string theory chromodynamics (QCD) triggered lively Linear Collider; start-up and upgrade (RQST). The most popular model of RQST, discussions during the afternoon sessions. scenarios for the LHC; and the future of developed by Raphael Bousso and Joe Other theory lectures included topics such supercomputers by Roberto Petronzio of the Polchinski at Stanford, has been shown to as complexity and non-extensive statistical University of Rome II and INFN. be “NP complete”. The consequences could mechanics; complexity in stochastically Closing lectures by ’t Hooft and Zichichi be remarkable. quantized field theories and the Standard looked forward to the LHC. Experiments there Organized and directed by Nobel laureate Model; QCD at low energy; how to detect should confirm current theories beyond the Gerardus ’t Hooft together with Antonino extra dimensions; and black holes, Standard Model, but may also yield some Zichichi, the school followed the traditional attractors and quantum information. totally unexpected discoveries. Referring model of morning lectures on the most Closer to experimental physics, Haim to the interpretation of data from RHIC up-to-date topics in subnuclear physics, Harari of the Weizmann Institute presented and the ALICE experiment at LHC, Zichichi followed by afternoon sessions dedicated an excellent overview – “Neutrino masses, presented an example of how to look for the to the new talents and recipients of Enrico leptogenesis and beyond: the incredible unexpected. Together with his collaborators Fermi junior grants. During these sessions foresight of Ettore Majorana”. This was very he is studying an experimental set-up to allow selected students at the school could make timely, as during the school the director of the the quark–gluon coloured world (QGCW) to be open presentations about their research. Gran Sasso National Laboratories, Eugenio investigated with a hard-scattering probe. The Each session was followed by a discussion Coccia, outlined details of neutrino-oscillation idea is that a beam of particles bombards the of the lectures held during the morning. experiments at the start-up of the CERN QGCW during its brief existence in heavy-ion The school was dedicated to the late neutrino beam to Gran Sasso (see p20). collisions at the LHC, and special detectors Richard Dalitz. A former collaborator, Gary Reports from running experiments covered measure the scattered particles. Goldstein at Tufts University, talked about the latest results on B-physics, the physics The school ended in a festive atmosphere, Dalitz’s contributions to particle physics in a at Fermilab’s Tevatron and results from HERA celebrating the 60th birthday of its director, lecture in his honour. at DESY. Yale’s John Harris presented the ’t Hooft, and the distribution of diplomas to “Complexity exists at the fundamental American Institute of Physics’ “top physics the young talents. The 2006 prize for the level” was the theme of the opening lecture story of 2005” in his animated lectures best student went to Yasuko Hisamatsu of by Zichichi, followed by a series of lectures on evidence for a quark–gluon plasma at the University of Tokyo for her presentation by Leonard Susskind of Stanford, who the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) on the MEG experiment under preparation at addressed the most advanced theories on at Brookhaven. He outlined the present the Paul Scherrer Institute, which will probe “Landscape and its physics foundations” understanding of the “quark–gluon liquid” physics at the grand-unification scale. and “How string theory generates the and highlighted the need for experiments at Report from Horst Wenninger, CERN. landscape”. These lectures summarized the (LHC). ● For further information see www.ccsem. the latest news on physics beyond the A preview of the future was contained infn.it/issp2006/index.html.

42 CERN Courier November 2006

CCENovFaces42to44,46to48.indd 42 17/10/06 16:10:48 FACES AND PLACES

Laboratories UK opens two major centres for particle-accelerator research

Two major research centres for accelerator science and technology opened in the UK on 19 September. The Cockcroft Institute and the John Adams Institute will be national focal points for UK scientists and companies to develop leading accelerator technologies for major projects such as the International Linear Collider and a neutrino factory. The Cockcroft Institute and the John Adams Institute were set up by the Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council in partnership with the Council for the Central Laboratory of the Research Councils. The aim is to provide the facilities and infrastructure for research and training in accelerator science and engineering. The two institutes are already heavily involved in the research and development needed for future high-energy, high-intensity linear colliders as well as for the construction of new high-intensity neutrino sources. Lord Sainsbury (central with a blue shirt) with members of the Cockroft Institute from The Cockcroft Institute is located on the Lancaster University at a demonstration of a prototype RF cavity. new Daresbury Science and Innovation Campus and is a joint venture between the two research councils, the universities of Liverpool, Lancaster and Manchester, and the Northwest Regional Development Agency. The John Adams Institute is located at both the University of Oxford and Royal Holloway, University of London, and is a partnership between those two universities and the two research councils. The Cockcroft Institute was officially opened by Lord Sainsbury, minister for science and innovation, in the presence of the children of Sir John Cockcroft, the Nobel prize-winner and one of the founders of modern accelerator research. After the opening ceremony, Sainsbury spent time with the staff in the laboratories discussing The unveiling of the plaque celebrating the opening of the John Adams Institute, with Ken demonstrations of current R&D on RF Peach (left) and Christopher Adams (right). (Courtesy Oxford Physics.) systems, vacuum science and engineering, design simulation, and theoretical designer and engineer Sir John Adams who Shinzel, also spoke at the ceremony, as well accelerator physics. was twice director-general of CERN and a as former CERN director-general Sir Chris The John Adams Institute was opened by leading figure in the construction of CERN’s Llewellyn Smith and Lyn Evans, head of the Christopher Adams, son of the accelerator major accelerators. Sir John’s daughter, Josi Large Hadron Collider project at CERN.

CERN Courier November 2006 43

CCENovFaces42to44,46to48.indd 43 17/10/06 16:11:24 FACES AND PLACES

W o r k s h o p s Physicists return to Tbilisi for hadron update

The possibility of polarizing antiprotons at the upcoming Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research at GSI has stimulated widespread interest within the hadron community. Measuring the Drell–Yan process in high- energy proton–antiproton collisions offers the best way to study the transverse spin structure of protons (transversity). This was the focus at the second Caucasian- German School and Workshop on Hadron Physics (CGSWHP) in Tbilisi, Georgia, on 4–8 September. Around 70 participants attended, from nine countries. Spin filtering, in which a beam of Participants take a break from spin matters during an outing at CGSWHP’06 in Georgia. antiprotons acquires polarization by repeated passage through a polarized polarized beams and targets. Results from project, Hadron Physics, supported the hydrogen target, is believed to be the COSY were also presented at the meeting. workshop, which had the theme Spin most effective means of producing a Georgian media covered several sessions, in Hadron Physics and which was also useful beam for transversity experiments. as well as the meeting of the organizers with sponsored by Forschungszentrum Jülich, the CGSWHP’06 discussed preparatory spin- the rector of Tbilisi State University, and International Science & Technology Center, filtering tests using proton beams. These some of the social programme. TV interviews the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and could be at Cooler Synchrotron (COSY) at publicized the workshop, with local graduate the Institute for High Energy Physics and the Forschungszentrum Jülich, where there students discussing their research. Informatization, Tbilisi State University. is an extensive physics programme involving The EC Integrated Infrastructure Initiative ● See www.fz-juelich.de/ikp/cgswhp/. CERN hosts sixth international workshop on neutrino beams

On 4–9 September, CERN hosted the sixth at NBI2006 centred on high-intensity International Workshop on Neutrino Beams proton-beam transport lines, target design, and Instrumentation (NBI2006). Some 60 neutrino horns, instrumentation able to accelerator physicists, particle physicists withstand the intense particle beams, and and engineers attended from Brookhaven personnel protection and shielding. As more National Laboratory, CERN, Fermilab, KEK, operational experience is gathered, the the Japan Proton Accelerator Research session on handling radioactive components Complex and the Rutherford Appleton In the Jura mountains, the top experts on is becoming increasingly important. Laboratory, as well as from collaborating magnetic horns received a performance by The participants could also visit sections university groups. They included many of a group of experts on alpine horns. of the underground CNGS facility and the world’s top experts on building magnetic spare beam-line components that are on horns for neutrino beams. to produce neutrinos. These include the display in the target and horn laboratories. Inaugurated in 1999 by Kazuhiro Tanaka neutrino beams for KEK to Kamioka (K2K, Discussions continued throughout the of the KEK laboratory, the NBI workshop which operated until 2004), MiniBoone and week, particularly during a dinner in the series has permitted the exchange of Neutrinos at the Main Injector at Fermilab, Jura mountains and on an excursion to the knowledge in the design of what are known and the CERN Neutrinos to Gran Sasso mountains around Chamonix. as conventional neutrino beams, which were (CNGS) project at CERN (see p20). The The next NBI workshop will be in early pioneered in the 1960s at Brookhaven and challenge for current and future neutrino 2008 in Japan, where the next-generation CERN. In these systems, an intense beam beams is to cope with the ever larger power neutrino-beam facility, from Tokai to from a proton accelerator strikes a target, of proton accelerators, which it is hoped Kamioka (T2K), is being built. and secondary particles from the target will eventually reach 4 MW (CERN Courier ● For more information about NBI2006 see are collected by horn-shaped magnets into September 2004 p29). http://proj-cngs.web.cern.ch/proj-cngs/ a drift tunnel where they decay in flight The presentations and discussions NBI2006/NBI2006.html.

44 CERN Courier November 2006

CCENovFaces42to44,46to48.indd 44 17/10/06 16:11:45 CCNovAdverts45 17/10/06 12:07 Page 1

Input Output Controller using Industry Packs

A complete and cost effective alternative to a VME crate

The 9010 is a compact, self contained 1U high rack mounted IOC with 6 industry pack slots each with a mini signal conditioning card, one PMC slot and a PC104+ processor, with Ethernet network (10/100MHz), USB, hard disc and RAM (up to 1GB compact flash optional). It will run with Linux, Windows XP or with open source RTEMS real time embedded system. Hytec provide drivers for these operating systems. As a system component it is available as an EPICS IOC running RTEMS or LINUX, or as an OPC server allowing operation with Vsystem and most other SCADA packages. It also supports TCP/IP sockets interface and HTML web browser access.

Standard industry packs (both 8/32MHz) provide a wide range of I/O functions including ADC, DAC, I/O, Isolated I/O, RS232, RS485, Stepper Motor Controller, Timer and Scaler. The PMC card slot provides access to further specialist cards. They are compact in size and include an ID PROM which aids auto-configuration.

NEW! The 5335 4/5 slot IP Carrier Board for PCI bus gives you the opportunity to create an IOC with a variety of I/O functions on a single board on a modern PC.

Hytec Electronics Ltd, 5 Cradock Road, Reading, RG2 0JT, UK Tel: +44 (0)118 9757770 Fax; +44 (0)118 9757566

Email: [email protected] Web www.hytec-electronics.co.uk

Enhance your marketing campaign with advertorials in CERN Courier

Advertorials in CERN Courier offer you a powerful marketing opportunity. You can boost your company or brand presence ahead of your competition with a professionally designed advertorial in the magazine, which will deliver your marketing message to your target prospects.

For more information on advertorials in CERN Courier, contact Ed Jost now: Tel: +44 (0)117 930 1026 E-mail: [email protected] FACES AND PLACES

o b i t u a r i e s Ziemowid Sujkowski 1933–2006

Ziemowid Sujkowski, a distinguished Polish lasted more than 20 years and he initiated physicist, died on 9 July, aged 73. He co-operation with Fribourg University. He began his career in 1955 at the Institute supervised studies at GSI Darmstadt, the of Nuclear Research (IBJ) in ´Swierk, near Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, and the Warsaw. He soon went to the Nobel Institute Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka. in Stockholm, completing his PhD and venia He was also on advisory committees at many legendi at Stockholm University. In 1961 he international conferences and was chair of became head of physics at IBJ and obtained the Mazurian Lakes Conferences in Poland. his professorship in 1971. For the past Sujkowski contributed to nuclear-research 10 years he was director of the Institute for collaborations to develop new frontiers of Nuclear Studies in ´Swierk, Warsaw. idea of neutrinoless double-electron science. He will be remembered for his work Sujkowski concentrated on nuclear capture, a method offering low background. on nuclear, particle, astroparticle and atomic structure and atomic physics, studying Another idea of his was to look for Majorana physics. He supervised 21 PhD students multiple inner-shell ionization accompanying neutrinos in helicity-flip measurements in in Poland and abroad. He will also be nuclear collisions and the properties of boosted neutrino sources, or beta beams. remembered for his personal contributions atoms ionized by energetic ion beams. He Sujkowski was significant in Polish to several generations of physicists, his initiated a technique of radiative transitions scientific life and was a major player in honesty, his cheerfulness in adversity, his and coincidence experiments in the search establishing international collaborations sense of humour and his commitment to for Majorana neutrinos, and rediscovered, for Poland. His collaboration with the bringing out the best in others. developed and popularized the long-forgotten Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut Groningen Friends and colleagues. John Strong 1941–2006

Our friend and colleague John Strong died requirements, and he helped to realize this from a brain tumour on 31 July, a few days idea. He led the development of the ATLAS before his 65th birthday. John started his second-level trigger for a number of years and career and obtained his PhD at Westfield for a period was UK spokesperson for ATLAS. College under Ted Bellamy, initially working When he took early retirement in December at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL). 2002, the design of the final system was From the early 1970s, however, he focused almost complete, but John continued to be on experiments at CERN with notable involved with the Read Out Buffer (ROBin) contributions. The Omega spectrometer cards as they moved into production. Even used a system that John had developed during his illness he retained a lively interest for RAL using vidicon cameras to record colours when this postulate still required in the work and he was delighted to know tracks in the spark chambers. This highly experimental confirmation. After moving to that these cards, one of only two components automated system allowed Omega to be Royal Holloway, University of London, he in the final ATLAS Data Acquisition/High Level used in a similar way to bubble chambers. developed the second-level trigger system Trigger system to use custom electronics, John contributed to NA1 and NA7, for the ALEPH detector and led a team for were completed before he died. developing the electronic trigger systems. five years to design and build the system, John was active in university life. He The Westfield group worked with Italian which ran for 12 years. became professor of experimental physics colleagues to measure the pion and kaon In 1990 John presented a paper on in 1995 and served as head of physics from form factors, and the lifetime of some of second-level triggering at the Large Hadron 2000 until his retirement. He was a dedicated the newly discovered charm particles. The Collider and he continued to develop these teacher, whose positive approach inspired his paper on the pion form-factor had been ideas in the RD-11 project and then within students. He was also on many committees, cited 323 times before John’s death. NA7 ATLAS. The data-handling requirements for where his clarity of thought and diplomacy also allowed the first measurement of π0 this system were unprecedented. John was were invaluable. He was a man of integrity production in pion–electron scattering an early champion of the idea that large and a friend to many. He will be missed. and provided one of the few model- farms of PCs interconnected by commodity Friends and colleagues from Royal Holloway, independent tests of the existence of three networks could meet the demanding ATLAS University of London, and ATLAS.

46 CERN Courier November 2006

CCENovFaces42to44,46to48.indd 46 17/10/06 16:21:06 FACES AND PLACES

George Randolf Kalbfleisch 1931–2006

George Randolph Kalbfleisch, who discovered the Tevatron, and his research included the ηʹ meson and was founder of the high- the charm and beauty quantum states at energy group at the University of Oklahoma Fermilab, as part of the D0 collaboration, (OU), died aged 75 on 12 September and neutrino properties at OU. From 1995 in Norman, Oklahoma, of complications to 2004 he cut up pieces of the old CDF resulting from Lewy–Body disease. and D0 detectors at Fermilab and ran them George Kalbfleisch was born on 14 March through an induction detector to search for 1931 in Long Beach, California. He any magnetic monopoles that might have graduated from high school on time, despite been produced at the Tevatron. In this he losing a year to rheumatic fever. He received was inspired by his mentor Alvarez, who his Bachelor of Science degree in chemistry He then moved to Brookhaven National had used a similar detector to look for from Loyola University, Los Angeles, in Laboratory, where he continued to unravel monopoles in moon rocks. In the last few 1952, and his PhD in experimental high- hyperonic and mesonic properties. Less years, he worked on detecting the electric energy physics in 1961 from the University conventionally, he also published a search for dipole moment of the electron. of California, Berkeley, under the direction tachyons, and compared muon and neutrino George published more than 190 articles of M Lynn Stevenson, studying K-meson velocities in a test of special relativity. He in elementary-particle physics and became production in p–p collisions. By then he received tenure in 1968 and stayed at a fellow in the American Physical Society in had seven publications, mostly on hyperon Brookhaven until 1976. He then spent three 1982. He inspired all those around him. He production and decay. years at Fermilab developing superconducting was a wonderful family man and is survived George worked with Luis Alvarez at quadrupole magnets for the Tevatron. by his wife of 52 years, Ruth Ann, and his Berkeley as a postdoctoral associate George was recruited to OU in 1979 and four children. He will be sorely missed. until 1964. His work there culminated established a high-energy physics group. He Kimball A Milton, H L Dodge Department of in discovering the ninth member of the developed the silicon microstrip detectors Physics and Astronomy, University of pseudoscalar nonet of mesons, the ηʹ. that are used by the D0 collaboration at Oklahoma.

p r i z e s lt e t e r s

Flerov prize board Val Telegdi – an appreciation from Caltech knowledge. Val will be missed on both sides A recent obituary in CERN Courier of the Atlantic. invites submissions (September 2006 p49) provided essential Stanley Deser and John Schwarz, Caltech. details of Val’s life, particularly from the for 2007 award CERN and ETH perspectives. Since Val was Gribov and Ter-Martirosyan also a faithful and welcome guest at the It seems to me that the obituary of Karen The Joint Institute for Nuclear Research will Caltech High Energy Theory Group during his Ter-Martirosyan (CERN Courier July/August award the G N Flerov prize for outstanding later years, a few words from here on this 2006 p40) did not emphasize enough the research in nuclear physics in March 2007, remarkable scientist may be appropriate. ties between Ter-Martirosyan and Vladimir the year of the 50th anniversary of the Every winter Val and Lia would appear in “Volodia” Gribov, even if a common paper Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions Pasadena and stay for about three months, was quoted. At the 1962 conference (FLNR). The prize, established in 1992 in thereby endorsing one of Pasadena’s original in Geneva, Gribov presented a paper memory of the eminent physicist Georgy attractions. But of course Val remained of Ter‑Martirosyan because the latter Nikolaevich Flerov (1913–1991), rewards a physicist, with growing interests in the could not attend the conference. Indeed, contributions to nuclear physics related to (recent) history of our subject, of which he Ter‑Martirosyan was very proud to say Flerov’s interests. became a master. He would engage many that Gribov was his student. Gribov was Entries for the 2007 prize (which should of us in learned theoretical discussions and discovered by western physicists in 1960, include a CV, an abstract of research and arguments, from which one always emerged because of a short but revolutionary paper in copies of major contributions) should with some new wisdom and perspective. which he proved that the then-common belief be sent before 1 February 2007 to the This persisted almost until the end. His that the total cross-section and slope of the directorate of the FLNR: Andrey G Popeko, last colloquium – also at the end – was diffraction peak were approaching finite, Scientific Secretary of Flerov Laboratory on significant and elegant experiments in non-zero limits at infinite energy was wrong. of Nuclear Reactions, Joliot Curie str. 6, physics, which he had mastered. As usual, Gribov continued to produce impressive 141980, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia, or he held a large and diverse audience results until his premature death. e-mail [email protected]. enthralled by his wit, taste and breadth of André Martin, CERN.

CERN Courier November 2006 47

CCENovFaces42to44,46to48.indd 47 17/10/06 16:19:41 FACES AND PLACES

new products corrections

Acqiris has announced a range of free focus non-browning lens can withstand Some unfortunate errors occurred in the class-compliant Interchangeable Virtual radiation up to 53 kGy and temperatures editorial process for the article “Precision Instrument (IVI) drivers that support the up to 55 °C without discoloring. The 30 mm pins down the electron’s magnetism” company’s digitizers. Developed mainly compact f2 lens gives high resolution and in the October 2006 issue of CERN for the automated test-equipment market, minimum geometric distortion from 400 to Courier. On page 36, it should say “The they comply with IviScope Class (IVI-4.1) 750 nm. For further information tel: +44 149 third use of the measured g is in probing specifications, which support oscilloscopes 477 100 or e-mail [email protected]. the internal structure of the electron and common extended functionalities in – limiting the electron to constituents with more complex data-acquisition instruments. Volotek has launched the VGC1000 Vacuum a mass m* > m/√(δg /2) = 130 GeV/c2.” The drivers support all major test platforms Gauge Controller, the highest-precision Unfortunately, the “/” was missing before that are supported by Acqiris, including controller offering scalability, reliability and the expression “√(δg/2)” in the original. PCI, PXI, Compact PCI and VXI, facilitating high stability in the extreme high-vacuum On page 37, the magnitudes of q/m for hardware independence without rewriting range of 10–16 bar. The VGC1000 is a the proton and antiproton were shown to software. For further details tel: +41 228 modular 1/3 rack 3U high, economical, be the same to better than nine parts in 843 390 or see www.acqiris.com. single-channel controller for flexibility and is 1011 in the experiment referred to with one user-friendly. It has a low-noise integrated antiproton cooled to 4.2 K, not the same Resolve Optics Ltd has introduced a new electrometer module with sensitivity of 1 fA to better than nine parts in 1013 as printed. radiation-hard large-image-format camera or 10–15 A. The internal modularity allows the Also, LEP was of course the world’s highest- lens. It gives uncompromised performance replacement of the Profibux interface with energy electron–positron collider, not the with large-image-format remote-head other option control and communication world’s highest-energy electron–proton cameras in applications including nuclear interfaces. For more information tel: collider (p37). CERN Courier apologises for vision and star-tracking. The 20 mm fixed- +41 227 850 720 or see www.volotek.com. these mistakes.

$OOPHWDO*DWH9DOYHV 6HULHVIRUH[WUHPH8+9RUDJJUHVVLYHPHGLD

7KHZRUOGZLGHSURYHQ VWDQGDUGLQGXVWULDOO\ PDQXIDFWXUHG ,62

)XOOUDQJH IURP'1WR

0DQ\RSWLRQVDYDLODEOH VSHFLDOVRQUHTXHVW

&RPSDFW‡5HOLDEOH‡8QLTXH

6ZLVV+HDGTXDUWHUV 9$7%HQHOX[ 9$7)UDQFH 9$7*HUPDQ\ 9$78. 7HO  7HO  7HO  7HO   7HO  &+#YDWYDOYHFRP 1/#YDWYDOYHFRP )5#YDWYDOYHFRP '(#YDWYDOYHFRP 8.#YDWYDOYHFRP

9$786$ 9$7-DSDQ 9$7.RUHD 9$77DLZDQ 9$7&KLQD 7HO   7HO   7HO  7HO  7HO  86#YDWYDOYHFRP -3#YDWYDOYHFRP .5#YDWYDOYHFRP 7:#YDWYDOYHFRP &1#YDWYDOYHFRP ZZZYDWYDOYHFRP

48 CERN Courier November 2006

CCENovFaces42to44,46to48.indd 48 17/10/06 16:14:14