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Le Système Des Passions Dans La Tragédie Lullyste. L ’Exemple De La Fureur
2018 ACTA UNIVERSITATIS CAROLINAE PAG. 83–94 PHILOLOGICA 3 / ROMANISTICA PRAGENSIA LE SYSTÈME DES PASSIONS DANS LA TRAGÉDIE LULLYSTE. L ’EXEMPLE DE LA FUREUR CÉLINE BOHNERT Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne SYSTEM OF PASSIONS IN LULLY ’S TRAGEDIES EN MUSIQUE. THE EXAMPLE OF FURY Abstract: What is the dramatic action in Lully and his librettists ’ “tragédies en musique”? We argue that it consists in the necessary deployment of a set of passions carefully articulated, according to an initially euphoric conception – some passions guarantee the world ’s harmony – that grows darker as the genre finds its autonomy in relation to the spectacular con- text from which it emerged. Keywords: tragédie en musique, opera, dramaturgy, Lully, Quinault, pas- sion, action, fury, rules, necessity Mots clés : tragédie en musique, opéra, dramaturgie, Lully, Quinault, pas- sion, action, fureur, règles, nécessité Selon Pierre Perrin, l ’un des inventeurs du théâtre lyrique français, « la fin du Poète lyrique » est « d ’enlever l ’homme tout entier » en touchant « en même temps l ’oreille, l ’esprit et le cœur : l ’oreille par un beau son […], l ’esprit par un beau discours et par une belle composition de musique bien entreprise et bien raisonnée, et le cœur en excitant en lui une émotion de tendresse1 ». Sur ce pied[, précise-t-il,] j ’ai tâché de faire mon discours de musique beau, propre au chant et pathétique : et dans cette vue j ’en ai toujours choisi la matière dans les passions tendres, qui touchent le cœur par sympathie d ’une passion pareille, d ’amour ou de haine, de crainte ou de désir, de colère, de pitié, de merveille, etc., et j ’en ai banni tous les raisonnements sérieux et qui se font dans la froideur, et même les passions graves, causées par des sujets sérieux, qui touchent le cœur sans l ’attendrir2. -
Wendy Heller, Music in the Baroque Chapter 7: Power and Pleasure in the Court of Louis XIV Study Guide
Wendy Heller, Music in the Baroque Chapter 7: Power and Pleasure in the Court of Louis XIV Study Guide Anthology Repertory 13. Jean-Baptiste Lully, Armide, Act 5, scene 5: Le perfide Renaud me fuit Repertory Discussed: Fig. 7.3 Michel Lambert, “Par mes chants” Ex. 7.1 Jean Henry d’Anglebert, Pièces de clavessin (1689): Chaconne de Phaeton de Mr. De Lully E. 7.2 J Jean-Baptiste Lully, Armide: Act 2, scene 5 Ex. 7.3 Marc-Antoine Charpentier: Medée, Act 4, scene 7 General • Ballet de la Nuit (1653) featuring the young Louis XIV as example of political use of arts. • Contrast between the young and old Louis XIV Centralization of the Arts under the Bourbon Role • Organization of music at the French court o Musique de la chambre (chamber musicians) o 24 Violons du Roi o Grand Écurie – outdoor music • Primary institutions for the arts o Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture o Académie dde danse (1661) and Académie d’Opéra (1669) combine to become the Academie Royale de Musique (1671) • Building and establishment of Versailles as residence for Louis XIV and distraction for nobles What’s so French About French Music? • Relatively insular style, but one that was recognizably French when exported • Tends to be less chromatic and less goal-oriented than German and Italian music • Adapts the distinctive features of the French language—resulting in rhythmic plasticity and frequent changes between duple and triple in vocal music • Importance of court and theatrical dance in court life; also instrumental music • Highly developed system of ornamentation or agréements that was obligatory not optional • Texture—popularity of style brisé or broken style in keyboard and lute music • Special attention to varied instrumental color, both in sacred and secular music. -
Le Système Des Passions Dans La Tragédie Lullyste. L ’Exemple De La Fureur
2018 ACTA UNIVERSITATIS CAROLINAE PAG. 83–94 PHILOLOGICA 3 / ROMANISTICA PRAGENSIA LE SYSTÈME DES PASSIONS DANS LA TRAGÉDIE LULLYSTE. L ’EXEMPLE DE LA FUREUR CÉLINE BOHNERT Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne SYSTEM OF PASSIONS IN LULLY ’S TRAGEDIES EN MUSIQUE. THE EXAMPLE OF FURY Abstract: What is the dramatic action in Lully and his librettists ’ “tragédies en musique”? We argue that it consists in the necessary deployment of a set of passions carefully articulated, according to an initially euphoric conception – some passions guarantee the world ’s harmony – that grows darker as the genre finds its autonomy in relation to the spectacular con- text from which it emerged. Keywords: tragédie en musique, opera, dramaturgy, Lully, Quinault, pas- sion, action, fury, rules, necessity Mots clés : tragédie en musique, opéra, dramaturgie, Lully, Quinault, pas- sion, action, fureur, règles, nécessité Selon Pierre Perrin, l ’un des inventeurs du théâtre lyrique français, « la fin du Poète lyrique » est « d ’enlever l ’homme tout entier » en touchant « en même temps l ’oreille, l ’esprit et le cœur : l ’oreille par un beau son […], l ’esprit par un beau discours et par une belle composition de musique bien entreprise et bien raisonnée, et le cœur en excitant en lui une émotion de tendresse1 ». Sur ce pied[, précise-t-il,] j ’ai tâché de faire mon discours de musique beau, propre au chant et pathétique : et dans cette vue j ’en ai toujours choisi la matière dans les passions tendres, qui touchent le cœur par sympathie d ’une passion pareille, d ’amour ou de haine, de crainte ou de désir, de colère, de pitié, de merveille, etc., et j ’en ai banni tous les raisonnements sérieux et qui se font dans la froideur, et même les passions graves, causées par des sujets sérieux, qui touchent le cœur sans l ’attendrir2. -
The French Connection: French Influences on English Music in Restoration England
Hardeman: French Connection 1/14 The French Connection: French influences on English music in Restoration England Anita Hardeman Western Illinois University Delivered March 18, 2013/Revised May 22, 2013 The Restoration of Charles II to the English throne also meant the return of music for the court. While many musicians returned to their former positions, Charles II had very different musical tastes from his father, and tooK this opportunity to remaKe his musical establishment in the style that he preferred. During his exile Charles had spent much time at the French court and seemed determined to incorporate French ideas into his music, even going so far as to send favored musicians overseas to study with their Continental counterparts and hiring French musicians for his chapel and court. Indeed, commentators of the time readily identified Charles’s preferences, noting that the King professed an “utter detestation of Fancys” (the imitative music popular in the early 1600s) and preferred music where he could readily identify the meter – the “step tripla” being declared a particular favorite.1 Charles’ clear preference for French music then became a tool that could be used for diplomatic ends. At the same time, the promotion of French musical styles created an opportunity for French musicians to build a career in England. Charles II’s interest in French music likely originated in his French background. His mother, Henrietta Maria, was the youngest daughter of Henri IV and Marie de Medici. When the conflict between Charles I and the English Parliament flared into open war, Henrietta and her youngest children sought refuge in France, which was ruled by her nephew, Louis XIV. -
251 the Politics of Opera Under Louis
251 THE POLITICS OF OPERA UNDER LOUIS XIV: DISSIDENT DESCENDANTS IN THE THIRD REIGN Julia Prest Opera crafted in a self-consciously national ‘French’ style came into being in the second reign of Louis XIV. The first example of a ‘French’ opera is generally understood to be the pastorale, Pomone, with a libretto by Pierre Perrin, music by Robert Cambert and first performed in Paris in 1671. The title page of the published edition of Pomone offers some important insights into the origins and purpose of this new genre: we read of the work having been performed at the newly created ‘Academy of musical operas in the French language, established by the king on a par with those [academies] found in Italy’.1 As obvious as this may sound today, it was important in 1671 to insist on the fact that French opera had to be in the French language, particularly when it was simultaneously acknowledged that the operatic model was Italian. French opera, then, had both to be like Italian opera and, more importantly, distinct from it. One of the principal defining features of French opera, known originally as tragédie en musique and then as tragédie lyrique, lay precisely in its deliberate rejection not only of the Italian language but especially of the Italian musical style, including its stark separation of recitative and aria. There is a delicious irony, then, in the fact that the genre’s chief architect was Jean-Baptiste Lully (1632–87), the artist formerly known as Giovanni Battista Lulli. For it was Lully, who became a naturalized Frenchman the same year that Louis XIV began his personal rule, who made the genre his own and, more importantly, France’s own. -
LULLY Jean-Baptiste (1632-1687) Catalogue LWV 1 - 80
LULLY Jean-Baptiste (1632-1687) catalogue LWV 1 - 80 Chronologisch-thematisches Verzeichnis sämtlicher Werke von Jean-Baptiste Lully, ed. Herbert Schneider (Tutzing, 1981) Classement chronologique par genre (avec n° LWV, Titre, Texte, Type, Première Représentation, Commentaires, Année etc) : > {16} OPÉRAS, TRAGÉDIES (LYRIQUES) EN MUSIQUE, en un prologue et 5 actes LWV 47 - Les fêtes de l’Amour et de Bacchus (pastorale, prol., 3, Quinault, d’après Molière & Lully, LWV 33, 38, 42, 43), Paris, Jeu de Paume de Béquet, 11 nov. 1672 LWV 49 - Cadmus et Hermione (Quinault, d’après Ovide : les Métamorphoses), Paris, Jeu de Paume de Béquet, mi-avril 1673 LWV 50 - Alceste, ou Le triomphe d’Alcide (Quinault, d’après Euripides : Alceste), Paris, Opéra, ? 18 jan. 1674 LWV 51 - Thésée (Quinault, d’après Ovide : Les Métamorphoses), Saint Germain-en-Laye, 15 jan. 1675 LWV 53 - Atys (Quinault, d’après Ovide : Fasti), Saint Germain-en-Laye, 10 jan. 1676 LWV 54 - Isis (Quinault, d’après Ovide : Metamorphoses), Saint Germain-en-Laye, 5 jan. 1677 LWV 56 - Psyché (T. Corneille et B. le Bovier de Fontenelle, d’après Apulée : L’Ane d’or), Paris, Opéra, 19 avril 1678 LWV 57 - Bellérophon (T. Corneille et Fontenelle, d’après hésiode : Théogonie), Paris, Opéra, 31 jan 1679 LWV 58 - Proserpine (Quinault, d’après Ovide : Les Métamorphoses), Saint Germain-en-Laye, 3 fev. 1680 (me manque le Prologue) LWV 60 - Persée (Quinault, d’après Ovide : Les Métamorphoses), Paris, Opéra, 18 avril 1682 LWV 61 - Phaëton (Quinault, d’après Ovide : Les Métamorphoses), Versailles, 8/9 jan. 1683 (1683) (j’ai de larges extraits, 1h13’ en tout) LWV 63 - Amadis (Quinault, d’après Montalvo, adapté de N. -
A Second Refuge French Opera and the Huguenot Migration, C. 1680 – C
A Second Refuge French Opera and the Huguenot Migration, c. 1680 – c. 1710 By Rebekah Susannah Ahrendt A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Music in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Kate van Orden, Chair Professor Richard Taruskin Professor Peter Sahlins Fall 2011 A Second Refuge French Opera and the Huguenot Migration, c. 1680 – c. 1710 Copyright 2011 by Rebekah Susannah Ahrendt 1 Abstract A Second Refuge French Opera and the Huguenot Migration, c. 1680 – c. 1710 by Rebekah Susannah Ahrendt Doctor of Philosophy in Music University of California, Berkeley Professor Kate van Orden, Chair This dissertation examines the brief flowering of French opera on stages outside of France around the turn of the eighteenth century. I attribute the sudden rise and fall of interest in the genre to a large and noisy migration event—the flight of some 200,000 Huguenots from France. Dispersed across Western Europe and beyond, Huguenots maintained extensive networks that encouraged the exchange of ideas and of music. And it was precisely in the great centers of the Second Refuge that French opera was performed. Following the wide-ranging career path of Huguenot impresario, novelist, poet, and spy Jean-Jacques Quesnot de la Chenée, I construct an alternative history of French opera by tracing its circulation and transformation along Huguenot migration routes. This history attributes the lack of a sustained tradition beyond la France not to the genre’s musical or dramatic forms or its allegiance to French politics, but rather to the changing social and religious pressures on its primary foreign audience. -
7Oao OPERA and the GALANT HOMME: QUINAULT and LULLVS
37? J^df Ma. ~7oaO OPERA AND THE GALANT HOMME: QUINAULT AND LULLVS TRAGEDIE EN MUSIQUE, ATYS, IN THE CONTEXT OF SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY MODERNISM THESIS Presented to the Graduate Council of the University of North Texas in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF MUSIC By Marilyn K. Browne, B.S., M.A. Denton, Texas May, 1994 37? J^df Ma. ~7oaO OPERA AND THE GALANT HOMME: QUINAULT AND LULLVS TRAGEDIE EN MUSIQUE, ATYS, IN THE CONTEXT OF SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY MODERNISM THESIS Presented to the Graduate Council of the University of North Texas in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF MUSIC By Marilyn K. Browne, B.S., M.A. Denton, Texas May, 1994 QQ/3 Browne, Marilyn K., Opera and the Galant Homme: Quinault and Lullv's Trasedie en musiaue. Atvs. in the Context of Seventeenth-Centurv Modernism. Master of Music (Musicology), May 1994,177 pp., 10 figures, 36 examples, bibliography, 94 titles. The tragedie en musique of Quinault and Lully was a highly successful new genre, representative of contemporary Parisian life. However, it is still largely viewed in the negative terms of its detractors, the proponents of classical tragedy. The purpose of this study is to redefine the tragedie en musique in terms of seventeenth-century modernism. An examination of the society and poetry of the contemporary gallant world provides the historical framework for an analysis of both the libretto and music of Quinault and Lully's Atys (1676). This study attempts to bridge the historical and cultural distances that until now have hindered accessibility to this major new genre in seventeenth-century literature and music. -
Epistēmēs Metron Logos
Epistēmēs Metron Logos Vol. 0, 2019 The true “punching bag” behind Molière’s The Middle-Class Nobleman Lekkas Demetrios http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/eml.20569 Copyright © 2019 Lekkas E. Demetrios To cite this article: Lekkas, D. (2019). The true “punching bag” behind Molière’s The Middle-Class Nobleman. Epistēmēs Metron Logos, 0(2), 11-39. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/eml.20569 http://epublishing.ekt.gr | e-Publisher: EKT | Downloaded at 01/02/2020 12:43:36 | Epistēmēs Metron Logos Journal No 2 (2019) ISSN: 2585-2973 The true “punching bag” behind Molière’s The Middle-Class Nobleman Demetrios E. Lekkas The Hellenic Open University, Patras Greece [email protected] Περίληψη ο 1670 πρωτοπαρουσιάστηκε στο θέατρο των γαλλικών ανακτόρων ενώπιον του «Βασιλιά Ήλιου» Λουδοβίκου ΙΔ΄ η νέα κωμωδία-μπαλ- λέτο Ο αρχοντοχωριάτης (Le bourgeois gentilhomme), σε κείμενο του TΜολιέρου και μουσική του Λυλλί, μόνιμου συνεργάτη του. Και οι δύο έπαι- ζαν επί σκηνής. Έκτοτε κανείς δεν έθεσε το ερώτημα εναντίον τίνος βάλλει το έργο. Ο παρών συγγραφέας αποφάσισε να το διερευνήσει για να κατα- λάβει, προκειμένου να συνθέσει υπεύθυνα νέα μουσική για παράσταση του Δημοτικού Περιφερειακού Θεάτρου Κρήτης, της μεγαλονήσου που κατά περίεργη συγκυρία συνδέεται άμεσα με την αφορμή της συγγραφής του έρ- γου. Μελετώντας ιστορικές πηγές, γεγονότα, συνδέοντας τις καταστάσεις κι αναλύοντας σε βάθος από νέα σκοπιά το κείμενο μ’ έμφαση σ’ ορισμένες σκηνές, συμπέρανε ότι στόχος της ανελέητης σκληρής συγγραφικής σάτι- ρας ήταν ο ίδιος ο συνθέτης της αρχικής μουσικής του έργου, επειδή οι δύο είχαν εισέλθει σε περίοδο βαθειάς ρήξης για διαφορές προσωπικές οικονο- μικές και νομικές. -
The Operas of Jean-Baptiste Lully and the Negotiation of Absolutism in the French Provinces, 1685-1750
The Operas of Jean-Baptiste Lully and the Negotiation of Absolutism in the French Provinces, 1685-1750 The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Roule, Natasha. 2018. The Operas of Jean-Baptiste Lully and the Negotiation of Absolutism in the French Provinces, 1685-1750. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41126915 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA The Operas of Jean-Baptiste Lully and the Negotiation of Absolutism in the French Provinces, 1685-1750 A dissertation presented by Natasha Roule to The Department of Music in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Historical Musicology Harvard University Cambridge, Massachussetts May 2018 © 2018 Natasha Roule All rights reserved. Dissertation Advisor: Kate van Orden Natasha Roule The Operas of Jean-Baptiste Lully and the Negotiation of Absolutism in the French Provinces, 1685-1750 Abstract This dissertation explores the performance history of the tragédies en musique of Jean- Baptiste Lully in the French provinces between 1685 and 1750. During his lifetime, Lully held a monopoly that restricted opera production primarily to the royal court and Paris, where he served as director of the Académie Royale de Musique. Only following his death in 1687 did theaters elsewhere in France begin to stage operas. -
Theatrical Politics in Ancien Regime France: Music, Genre, and Meaning
THEATRICAL POLITICS IN ANCIEN RÉGIME FRANCE: MUSIC, GENRE, AND MEANING AT THE PARISIAN FAIR THEATERS, 1678–1723 A dissertation submitted to The Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in the College-Conservatory of Music 2020 by Erik Matthew Paffett B.Mus., West Chester University of Pennsylvania, 2009 M.M., West Chester University of Pennsylvania, 2011 M.M., University of Cincinnati, 2019 ABSTRACT The theatrical genre comédie en vaudevilles, comprising newly-written texts set to pre- existing popular songs, enjoyed tremendous popularity at the Parisian trade fair theaters in the early eighteenth century. Because of problems stemming from its historiography, the comédie en vaudevilles has not always been clearly distinguished from the later (post-1760) genre opéra- comique. Inclined to understand French theatrical genres within evolutionary frameworks amid largescale nationalist efforts to rediscover France’s cultural past, scholars in the nineteenth century began to consider the comédie en vaudevilles as a primitive or lesser form of opéra- comique. François-Joseph Fétis sought opéra-comique’s origins in medieval theatrical traditions, while others turned to the comédies-ballets of Molière and Lully. Others still pointed to the farcical, acrobatic comedies of the fair theaters in the seventeenth century. In the first part of this study, I demonstrate how the comédie en vaudevilles and other works of the fair theaters have been considered a lesser theatrical form, tracing misconceptions about the genre back to nineteenth-century writings. Here, I also examine an overlooked set of librettos and other primary sources to suggest that the seventeenth-century repertory of the fair theaters does not foreshadow, anticipate, or resemble the comédie en vaudevilles of the early eighteenth century.