DOCSLIB.ORG

Zechariah 14:1-21

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Zechariah 14:1-21 Patrick Griffiths | Jacob Michalski ONE STORY - UNIT 4 |LESSON 10B The Major and Minor Prophets of Israel [and Post-Exilic History] [Fall 2019] God is a Promise Keeping God God 1) PROMISES a KING who 2) RESCUES His people, 3) DEFEATS His enemies, and 4) RESTORES them to the LAND 5) so that His people shall be with Him for their JOY. “The LORD Will Be King over All the Earth” Zechariah 14:1-21 Them / Then The prophets gave these hopes new expression. Isaiah spoke of a king coming from the line of David who would establish peace and rule with justice and righteousness forevermore (Psalms 72; 89:4; Isaiah 9:2-7). He spoke of a new David, a "shoot from the stump of Jesse," who would be concerned for the poor, rule with righteousness, and bring about shalom , pictured as peace among people and animals (Psalm 72; Isaiah 11:1-9). Jeremiah promised a "righteous branch" from David's line, who would rule with justice and righteousness and bring about a time of peace (Psalms 72; 89:4; Jeremiah 23:5-6). Micah identified David's home town Bethlehem as the place from where the king would come and promised that he would rule to the ends of the earth and bring about peace (Psalm 2; Psalm 72; Micah 5:2-5). Today's lectionary text should be seen in the context of this great stream of hope for a coming Messiah. https://www.workingpreacher.org/preaching.aspx?commentary_id=992 THE IMMEDIATE CONTEXT : A. Literary Context (preceding and following paragraphs): In this section of Zechariah (chapter 12-14), the refrain of “On that day…” occurs often. Zechariah is looking ahead in expectation of Yahweh’s provision/justice. In the paragraph prior, the prophet describes “one that is pierced, ” idolatry being cut off, and a shepherd being struck. Our chapter is the final one of Zechariah and describes the restoration of the city of Jerusalem and Yahweh’s coming kingdom. B. Historical Context (what is happening to the nation and to the prophet): The historical background of Zechariah is the same as that of Haggai, but their ministries differed in emphasis. Haggai’s work centered on the rebuilding of the temple; Zechariah was concerned with rebuilding the temple as well, but his prophecies also encouraged God’s people regarding Jerusalem’s place in the long term future of the kingdom of God. 1 Nearly 20 years after returning from the Babylonian exile in the time of Cyrus (538 b.c.), God’s people were discouraged. The foundation of the temple had been laid shortly after the initial return, in 536 b.c., but powerful opposition had prevented any further progress on rebuilding the temple. And, there was little evidence of the kind of spiritual renewal that the earlier prophets had anticipated. Jewish sovereignty had not been restored. A moral reformation of the people had not occurred. Jerusalem was still only partially rebuilt and had no significance among the surrounding nations. Under the circumstances, many people concluded that theirs was a “day of small things” ( 4:10 ) in which God was absent from his people. Many viewed faithful obedience as useless. It seemed to make more sense to forget God and to pursue the best life possible. https://www.esv.org/resources/esv-global-study-bible/introduction-to-zechariah/ We are in the midst of a series of prophesies, each of which is meant to encourage the Jews of Zechariah’s day, diminished in number and stature as they were, facing great challenges that seemed, at least to many of them, so daunting that they felt defeated before they even began. We read in chapter 8 of great days that were in store for the people of God. They were being encouraged to work in the expectation that their efforts, however paltry they may appear, would matter in the long run. In the first half of chapter 9 we read of the future defeat of Israel’s enemies. Now we read of Israel’s coming king and the triumph of his reign. https://www.faithtacoma.org/zech/2013-12-29-pm THE STRUCTURE: I. Yahweh’s Kingdom Reclaimed (14:1-5) A. YHWH reclaims His People (v.1-2) B. YHWH reclaims His Enemies (v.3-5) Yahweh’s kingdom reclaimed —The prophecy about Yahweh’s kingdom starts with Jerusalem being in total ruin. Nations are gathered against the city, houses are plundered, and women are raped. Yahweh, however, steps in and reclaims His city and His people. He splits a mountain in two and allows his people to come and dwell in the valley. Yahweh then will come and dwell with His people and “living waters” will flow out of the newly reclaimed city to the east and to the west. II. Yahweh’s Kingdom Secured (14:6-15) A. Re-creation of the Cosmic Order (6-7 [the remaking of Eden]) B. Restoration of Eden (8) C. Reestablishment of Theocracy (9, 12-15 [the destroying of the enemies) D. Rising up of Jerusalem (10-11, vv. 16-21 [the gathering of the nations) 2 Yahweh’s kingdom secured —Once the city is reclaimed, Yahweh will set himself up as king of all things and all peoples. The new city will be made secure by Yahweh’s power and all oppressors will be dispensed. Those that dwell in this new city will live in abundance and security due to Yahweh’s provision of justice and wealth. III. Yahweh’s Kingdom Consecrated ([made holy {14:16-21}]) Yahweh’s kingdom consecrated —Once the new city established, Yahweh will be worshiped by all nations of the earth. As a sign of reverse to Yahweh, all peoples will come to the new city and celebrate the Feast of Booths. This feast is a celebration of Yahweh’s deliverance and provision for His people in the wilderness. Along with all nations coming to worship Yahweh the earth will be marked as holy (v.20-21). Everything from bells on horses to common pots and bowls will be seen and treated as holy. A. All Nations will worship Yahweh (14:16-19) B. Everything will be holy (14:20-21) “The earth will be filled with the glory of God as the waters cover the sea.” Nothing is so bad that God cannot redeem it. THE EMPHASIS : The call to rejoice is in the context of difficult circumstances. The prophet speaks of a future king. Jesus shall fulfill this promise. Nothing around us suggests the fulfillment of this promise, yet God continues to keep His Word. Gospel [If applicable, how does this New Testament use this passage?] BIG PICTURE (Are any or all of the following concepts present? How so?) Land – Garden On this day “the LORD will be king over all the earth. On that day the LORD will be one and his name one” (v.9). Jesus saw himself as a king setting up his kingdom. This chapter talks of that kingdom being reclaimed and set up. Jesus started the process of bringing about this kingdom, and He will return to finish wha t He started. Jesus is King. God’s reclamation of the city and the whole earth is the fulfillment of all Land/Garden promise. All the world will be deemed God’s (v.9) and the whole earth will be made holy (v.20-21). It is also 3 emphasized that God will dwell with His people (v.5). This picture of God’s presence being with humanity and all the earth being holy should trigger Genesis 1-2 imagery. The Garden will be reclaimed, all will be made holy, and everything/everyone will be full the God’s presence. Seed – JESUS The arrival of the promised king finds fulfillment in Jesus. “All four Gospels identify the events of what we call Palm Sunday as the fulfillment of Zechariah's prophecy (Mark 11:1-11; Luke 19:28-38; see especially Matt 21:1-11 and John 12:12-19). We ourselves are those people who identify the one who rode on that donkey as the long-awaited King or Messiah, promised in those writings we call our Old Testament. As Christ-ians or Messiah-ists, we are people who confess that this--Jesus who was crucified and raised from the dead, is our Messiah, our King, our Master. We confess that through his death this Jesus has saved us from sin, death, and all the powers of evil. We are those people who thank God for sending this Jesus the Messiah into the world for us so that we Messiah-people need not live haunted by guilt and sin and so that death will not for us be the end. https://www.workingpreacher.org/preaching.aspx?commentary_id=992 When Israel’s king returns He will fulfill all of His promises to Israel and through Israel to the world. Everything concerning the LAND, the SEED, and the BLESSINGS will come to fruition. God’s reclamation of the city and the whole earth is the fulfillment of all Land/Garden promise. All the world will be deemed God’s (v.9) and the whole earth will be made holy (v.20-21). It is also emphasized that God will dwell with His people (v.5). This picture of God’s presence being with humanity and all the earth being holy should trigger Genesis 1-2 imagery. The Garden will be reclaimed, all will be made holy, and everything/everyone will be full the God’s presence. Blessing – Global When the King arrives His rule shall reach to the ends of the earth and peace will prevail.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Notes on Zechariah 202 1 Edition Dr
    Notes on Zechariah 202 1 Edition Dr. Thomas L. Constable TITLE AND WRITER The title of this book comes from its traditional writer, as is true of all the prophetical books of the Old Testament. The name "Zechariah" (lit. "Yahweh Remembers") was a common one among the Israelites, which identified at least 27 different individuals in the Old Testament, perhaps 30.1 It was an appropriate name for the writer of this book, because it explains that Yahweh remembers His chosen people, and His promises, and will be faithful to them. This Zechariah was the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo (1:1, 7; cf. Ezra 5:1; 6:14; Neh. 12:4, 16). Zechariah, like Jeremiah and Ezekiel, was both a prophet and a priest. He was obviously familiar with priestly things (cf. ch. 3; 6:9-15; 9:8, 15; 14:16, 20, 21). Since he was a young man (Heb. na'ar) when he began prophesying (2:4), he was probably born in Babylonian captivity and returned to Palestine very early in life, in 536 B.C. with Zerubbabel and Joshua. Zechariah apparently survived Joshua, the high priest, since he became the head of his own division of priests in the days of Joiakim, the son of Joshua (Neh. 12:12, 16). Zechariah became a leading priest in the restoration community succeeding his grandfather (or ancestor), Iddo, who also returned from captivity in 536 B.C., as the leader of his priestly family (Neh. 12:4, 16). Zechariah's father, Berechiah (1:1, 7), evidently never became prominent.
    [Show full text]
  • ZECHARIAH 14 and the COMING of CHRIST 'Last Days Madness'
    ZECHARIAH 14 AND THE COMING OF CHRIST ‘Last Days Madness’ Gary DeMar p. 437-443 In the premillennial view of Bible prophecy, the events depicted in Zechariah 14 are most often interpreted as depicting the second coming of Christ when Jesus will descend from heaven and stand on the Mount of Olives and from there set up His millennial kingdom. The chronology outlined in Zechariah, however, does not fit this scenario. Events actually begin in chapter thirteen where it is prophesied that the Shepherd, Jesus, will be struck and the sheep will be scattered (Zech. 13:7). This was fulfilled when Jesus says, "You will all fall away, because it is written, 'I WILL STRIKE DOWN THE SHEPHERD, AND THE SHEEP SHALL BE SCATTERED'" (Mark 14:27). What follows describes events leading up to and including the destruction of Jerusalem in A.D. 70. God will act as Judge of Jerusalem and its inhabitants. As the king, He will send "his armies" and destroy "those murderers, and set their city on fire" (Matt. 22:7). For I will gather all the nations [the Roman armies] against Jerusalem to battle, and the city will be captured, the houses plundered [Matt. 24:17], the women ravished [Luke 17:35], and half the city exiled [Matt. 24:16], but the rest of the people will not be cut off from the city [Matt 24:16]" (Zech. 14:2). This happened when the Roman armies, made up of soldiers from the nations it conquered, went to war against Jerusalem. Rome was an empire consisting of all the known nations of the world (see Luke 2:1).
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring Zechariah, Volume 2
    EXPLORING ZECHARIAH, VOLUME 2 VOLUME ZECHARIAH, EXPLORING is second volume of Mark J. Boda’s two-volume set on Zechariah showcases a series of studies tracing the impact of earlier Hebrew Bible traditions on various passages and sections of the book of Zechariah, including 1:7–6:15; 1:1–6 and 7:1–8:23; and 9:1–14:21. e collection of these slightly revised previously published essays leads readers along the argument that Boda has been developing over the past decade. EXPLORING MARK J. BODA is Professor of Old Testament at McMaster Divinity College. He is the author of ten books, including e Book of Zechariah ZECHARIAH, (Eerdmans) and Haggai and Zechariah Research: A Bibliographic Survey (Deo), and editor of seventeen volumes. VOLUME 2 The Development and Role of Biblical Traditions in Zechariah Ancient Near East Monographs Monografías sobre el Antiguo Cercano Oriente Society of Biblical Literature Boda Centro de Estudios de Historia del Antiguo Oriente (UCA) Electronic open access edition (ISBN 978-0-88414-201-0) available at http://www.sbl-site.org/publications/Books_ANEmonographs.aspx Cover photo: Zev Radovan/BibleLandPictures.com Mark J. Boda Ancient Near East Monographs Monografías sobre el Antiguo Cercano Oriente Society of Biblical Literature Centro de Estudios de Historia del Antiguo Oriente (UCA) EXPLORING ZECHARIAH, VOLUME 2 ANCIENT NEAR EAST MONOGRAPHS Editors Alan Lenzi Juan Manuel Tebes Editorial Board Reinhard Achenbach C. L. Crouch Esther J. Hamori Chistopher B. Hays René Krüger Graciela Gestoso Singer Bruce Wells Number 17 EXPLORING ZECHARIAH, VOLUME 2 The Development and Role of Biblical Traditions in Zechariah by Mark J.
    [Show full text]
  • Prophecy and Enervation in the American Political Tradition
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 10-2014 Right Without Might: Prophecy and Enervation in the American Political Tradition Jonathan Keller Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/358 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] RIGHT WITHOUT MIGHT: PROPHECY AND ENERVATION IN THE AMERICAN POLITICAL TRADITION by JONATHAN J. KELLER A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Political Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2014 © 2014 JONATHAN J. KELLER All Rights Reserved ii This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Political Science in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. PROFESSOR COREY ROBIN _______________ __________________________________________ Date Chair of Examining Committee PROFESSOR ALYSON COLE _______________ __________________________________________ Date Executive Officer PROFESSOR ANDREW J. POLSKY PROFESSOR THOMAS HALPER PROFESSOR BRYAN TURNER PROFESSOR NICHOLAS XENOS __________________________________________ Supervisory Committee THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii Abstract RIGHT WITHOUT MIGHT: PROPHECY AND ENERVATION IN THE AMERICAN POLITICAL TRADITION by JONATHAN J. KELLER Adviser: Professor Corey Robin This dissertation examines the ways Old Testament prophecy has influenced American political thought and rhetoric. Although political scientists have long recognized the impact of the Scriptures on the ways Americans express and think about themselves, they have misunderstood this important part of America’s political tradition.
    [Show full text]
  • The Chronology of the Events in Zechariah 12-14
    Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Honors Theses Undergraduate Research 3-28-2016 The Chronology of the Events in Zechariah 12-14 Won Jin Jeon Andrews University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/honors Part of the Biblical Studies Commons Recommended Citation Jeon, Won Jin, "The Chronology of the Events in Zechariah 12-14" (2016). Honors Theses. 134. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/honors/134 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Undergraduate Research at Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Thank you for your interest in the Andrews University Digital Library of Dissertations and Theses. Please honor the copyright of this document by not duplicating or distributing additional copies in any form without the author’s express written permission. Thanks for your cooperation. ABSTRACT J. N. Andrews Honors Thesis Andrews University College of Arts & Sciences Title: THE CHRONOLOGY OF THE EVENTS IN ZECHARIAH 12-14 Author’s Name: Won Jin Jeon Advisor: Rahel Schafer, PhD Completion Date: March 2016 In current scholarship, there is a lack of consensus on the timing of the specific events in Zechariah 12-14, with a focus on eschatological or sequential chronologies. Preliminary exegetical research has revealed many connections between the three chapters. For instance, the occurs 17 times (versus four times in the rest of Zechariah). This (ביום־ההוא) ”phrase “in that day concentrated usage closely interconnects the three chapters and suggests that the timeliness of all of the events is in close succession.
    [Show full text]
  • September 2017 – the Feast of Tabernacles
    THE CHOSEN Volume XXIIII, Issue 7 PEOPLE SEPTEMBER 2017 THE FEAST OF TABERNACLES JEWISH ESCATOLOGY | CHABAD LUBAVITCH MOVEMENT: WHO IS THE MESSIAH? TABERNACLES TOMORROW FROM THE PRESIDENT Shalom, In the 7th chapter of John, we see that It is hard to believe another year has Jesus Himself celebrated the Festival and, passed! The Fall Feasts are upon us, and in fact, He used the celebration to make Jewish people all around the world will one of the most profound announcements soon begin to celebrate the New Year regarding who He is. Specifically, it was (Rosh Hashanah), the Day of Atonement on the seventh day of the Feast, called (Yom Kippur), and the Feast of Tabernacles Hoshana Rabbah. This day is also known (Sukkot)—the three great Fall Festivals in Judaism as the last Day of Judgment. It described in Leviticus 23:23-44. was customary at that time for the Jewish We believe that each of the Festivals people to send a choir of Levites and a points to Jesus in one way or another, priestly orchestra to the pool of Siloam to gather water in giant urns, which were Dr. Mitch Glaser and this is wonderfully true of the Feast then brought back to the altar. President, Chosen People Ministries of Tabernacles! This Feast, in particular, carries a rich meaning for both Christians They would march around the altar cry- and Jewish people alike. ing out Hosheanah —“Lord save us…Lord save us,” many times over. They would then THE FEAST OF pour the water from the urns at the base YESHUA THE MESSIAH AND of the altar.
    [Show full text]
  • 2 Chronicles
    YOU CAN UNDERSTAND THE BIBLE 2 Chronicles BOB UTLEY PROFESSOR OF HERMENEUTICS (BIBLE INTERPRETATION) STUDY GUIDE COMMENTARY SERIES OLD TESTAMENT VOL. 7B BIBLE LESSONS INTERNATIONAL MARSHALL, TEXAS 2017 INTRODUCTION TO 1 AND 2 CHRONICLES I. NAME OF THE BOOK A. The name of the book in Hebrew is “the words (events) of the days (years).” This is used in the sense of “a chronicle of the years.” These same words occur in the title of several books mentioned as written sources in 1 Kings 14:19,29; 15:7,23,31; 16:5,14,20,27; 22:46. The phrase itself is used over thirty times in 1 and 2 Kings and is usually translated “chronicles.” B. The LXX entitled it “the things omitted (concerning the Kings of Judah).” This implies that Chronicles is to Samuel and Kings what the Gospel of John is to the Synoptic Gospels. See How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth, by Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart, pp. 127-148. As the Gospel writers under inspiration (see Special Topic: Inspiration) had the right to select, adapt, and arrange the life of Jesus (not invent actions or words), so too, the inspired authors of OT narratives (see Expository Hermeneutics: An Introduction, by Elliott E. Johnson, p. 169). This selection, adaptation, and chronological/thematic arrangement of words/events was to convey theological truth. History is used as a servant of theology. Chronicles has suffered, much as the Gospel of Mark did. They were both seen as “Readers Digest” summaries and not “a full history.” This is unfortunate! Both have an inspired message.
    [Show full text]
  • The Psalm 22:16 Controversy: New Evidence from the Dead Sea Scrolls
    BYU Studies Quarterly Volume 44 Issue 3 Article 9 9-1-2005 The Psalm 22:16 Controversy: New Evidence from the Dead Sea Scrolls Shon Hopkin Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq Recommended Citation Hopkin, Shon (2005) "The Psalm 22:16 Controversy: New Evidence from the Dead Sea Scrolls," BYU Studies Quarterly: Vol. 44 : Iss. 3 , Article 9. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq/vol44/iss3/9 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in BYU Studies Quarterly by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Hopkin: The Psalm 22:16 Controversy: New Evidence from the Dead Sea Scrol The Psalm 22:16 Controversy New Evidence from the Dead Sea Scrolls Shon Hopkin ew verses in the Bible have produced as much debate and commentary F as Psalm 22:16: “For dogs have compassed me: the assembly of the wicked have inclosed me: they pierced my hands and my feet.”1 The dis- cussions center on the last character (reading right to left) of the Hebrew vrak (“pierced/dug”), assumed to be the word from which the Septuagint Greek çrujan (“they have pierced”) was translated—assumed because the original Hebrew texts from which the Septuagint was translated are no longer extant. If the last character of the Hebrew word was a waw (v), as the Greek seems to indicate, then the translation “pierced” is tenable. But a later Hebrew text called the Masoretic text has a yod (y) instead of a waw (v), mak- ing the word yrak, which translated into English reads “like a lion my hands and my feet.”2 Thus, two divergent possibilities have existed side by side for centuries, causing much speculation and debate.
    [Show full text]
  • ZECHARIAH 14: a D IALOGUE with the HISTORY of INTERPRETATION by Al Wolters a WELCOME TREND in Recent Biblical Scholarship Is
    MJT 13 (2002) 39-56 ZECHARIAH 14: A DIALOGUE WITH THE HISTORY OF INTERPRETATION1 by Al Wolters A WELCOME TREND in recent biblical scholarship is the increased attention that is being paid to the history of interpretation. An early sign of this trend was the commentary on Exodus by Brevard Childs, which appeared in the Old Testament Library series in 1974.2 Next to the application of the standard historical-critical methodologies to the text of Exodus, Childs also highlighted what he called the “theological” meaning of the text, and in this context interacted extensively with some of the great minds in the history of interpretation, such as Augustine, Rashi, Luther and Calvin. Since then, his example has been followed by other commentators, in both mainline and conservative circles. A notable instance is the recent massive commentary on 1 Corinthians by Anthony Thiselton, which deals extensively with what he calls the “post- history” of the text.3 Just as “pre-history” refers to the fortunes of a biblical book before it reached its canonical form (usually reconstructed in a highly speculative manner), so the “post-history” refers to the fortunes of a biblical book in the history of interpretation. In my judgment, this is a very positive development. Too long has biblical scholarship been dominated by a mentality which dismisses as “pre-critical” the work of master interpreters such as John Chrysostom and John Calvin, or regarded any exegetical work 1Lecture delivered at Mid-America Reformed Seminary on Nov. 8, 2000. 2Brevard S. Childs, The Book of Exodus. A Critical, Theological Commentary (OTL; Philadelphia: Westminster, 1974).
    [Show full text]
  • DAILY BREAD the WORD of GOD in a YEAR by the Late Rev
    DAILY BREAD THE WORD OF GOD IN A YEAR By the late Rev. R. M. M’Cheyne, M.A. THE ADVANTAGES • The whole Bible will be read through in an orderly manner in the course of a year. • Read the Old Testament once, the New Testament and Acts twice. Many of you may never have read the whole Bible, and yet it is all equally divine.“All Scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, and instruction in righteousness, that the man of God may be perfect.” If we pass over some parts of Scripture, we will be incomplete Christians. • Time will not be wasted in choosing what portions to read. • Often believers are at a loss to determine towards which part of the mountains of spices they should bend their steps. Here the question will be solved at once in a very simple manner. • The pastor will know in which part of the pasture the flock are feeding. • He will thus be enabled to speak more suitably to them on the sabbath; and both pastor and elders will be able to drop a word of light and comfort in visiting from house to house, which will be more readily responded to. • The sweet bond of Christian unity will be strengthened. • We shall often be lead to think of those dear brothers and sisters in the Lord, who agree to join with us in reading these portions. We shall more often be led to agree on earth, touching something we shall ask of God.
    [Show full text]
  • The Chart Below Reveals How the Exodus Passover Was a Detailed Preview of What Would Occur Fifteen Hundred Years Later at Christ’S Crucifixion
    So let no one judge you in food or in drink, or regarding a festival or a new moon or sabbaths, which are a shadow of things to come, but the substance is of Christ. —Colossians 2:16–17 The chart below reveals how the Exodus Passover was a detailed preview of what would occur fifteen hundred years later at Christ’s crucifixion. The Crucifixion of Jesus The Old Testament Passover on Passover A lamb was taken into the house on Jesus entered the temple on the the tenth of Aviv. tenth of Aviv. The lamb was a young male without Pilate “found no fault [blemish]” in blemish. Christ. The lamb was examined for four Jesus was tested by leaders for four days. days. The lamb was slaughtered on the Jesus was crucified on the fourteenth of Aviv. fourteenth of Aviv. The lamb was killed at 3:00 p.m. Jesus died at 3:00 p.m. (the ninth (between the evenings). hour, Mark 15:25–38). Jesus was crucified on a wooden The lamb was tied to a wooden pole. cross. Pentecost is identified as the time when Moses received the Law on Mount Sinai and Israel became married to God. The first Pentecost was a reflection of the future Day of Pentecost when the Holy Spirit came and the church was born in Jerusalem. The Pentecost in Moses’s Time The Pentecost in Peter’s Time (Exod. 19) (Acts 2) God spoke in seventy languages so They spoke in the tongues of sixteen all could hear. nations. Moses was on Mount Sinai.
    [Show full text]
  • With Letters of Light: Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls, Early Jewish
    With Letters of Light rwa lç twytwab Ekstasis Religious Experience from Antiquity to the Middle Ages General Editor John R. Levison Editorial Board David Aune · Jan Bremmer · John Collins · Dyan Elliott Amy Hollywood · Sarah Iles Johnston · Gabor Klaniczay Paulo Nogueira · Christopher Rowland · Elliot R. Wolfson Volume 2 De Gruyter With Letters of Light rwa lç twytwab Studies in the Dead Sea Scrolls, Early Jewish Apocalypticism, Magic, and Mysticism in Honor of Rachel Elior rwayla ljr Edited by Daphna V. Arbel and Andrei A. Orlov De Gruyter ISBN 978-3-11-022201-2 e-ISBN 978-3-11-022202-9 ISSN 1865-8792 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data With letters of light : studies in the Dead Sea scrolls, early Jewish apocalypti- cism, magic and mysticism / Andrei A. Orlov, Daphna V. Arbel. p. cm. - (Ekstasis, religious experience from antiquity to the Middle Ages;v.2) Includes bibliographical references and index. Summary: “This volume offers valuable insights into a wide range of scho- larly achievements in the study of the Dead Sea Scrolls, Jewish apocalypti- cism, magic, and mysticism from the Second Temple period to the later rabbinic and Hekhalot developments. The majority of articles included in the volume deal with Jewish and Christian apocalyptic and mystical texts constituting the core of experiential dimension of these religious traditions” - ECIP summary. ISBN 978-3-11-022201-2 (hardcover 23 x 15,5 : alk. paper) 1. Dead Sea scrolls. 2. Apocalyptic literature - History and criticism. 3. Jewish magic. 4. Mysticism - Judaism. 5. Messianism. 6. Bible. O.T. - Criticism, interpretation, etc. 7. Rabbinical literature - History and criticism.
    [Show full text]