Flickr - Dave Crosby Newspapers and other online news sources from the 17th – 21st centuries

Slides available at https://weblearn.ox.ac.uk/x/01OGv6 Logon to PCs with your University barcode no. & associated password Flickr - Dave Crosby Newspapers and other online news sources from the 17th – 21st centuries

Angela Carritt [email protected] @bodleianskills

Isabel Holowaty [email protected] @HFLOxford In this session…

• What is covered today • Value of Newspapers • How to find and access newspaper resources • Top searching tips • Common problems • Key resources • Play time

Flickr - Dave Crosby LibGuide: Newspapers and other online news sources https://ox.libguides.com/newspapers/home Coverage today

Newspaper (n.) “A printed publication, now usually issued daily or weekly, consisting of folded unstapled sheets and containing news, freq. with the addition of advertisements, photographs, articles, and correspondence” OED Online. March 2015. Oxford University Press

• Scope today: later 17th century to 21st century, largely English language but with global reach. • Cover subscription and key free web resources, but not social media • Historical archives v. current content • Broadsheet v. tabloid The value of newspapers

• News & views • Commentary on politics, economics, social and cultural life, foreign affairs, justice system • Ephemera, e.g. births, deaths, court circular, advertising, images, cartoons, weather, sports results, stock market, fashion, etc. • BUT need to understand your newspaper: political, religious, class, gender, racial affiliation Good source: Waterloo Directory of English Periodicals and Newspapers, 1800-1900 Waterloo Directory of English Newspapers and Periodicals, 1800-1900 The Waterloo directory of Scottish newspapers and periodicals, 1800-1900 The Waterloo directory of Irish newspapers and periodicals, 1800-1900 What you can do with newspapers • Search for specific person, place, event across or in individual newspaper for political, social, economic, cultural history (incl. literature), etc. • Research life in particular place or period • Research newspaper as form of communication (incl. linguistic aspects) • Research specific content types (ads, editorials, obituaries, etc.) FINDING SPECIFIC NEWSPAPERS 1. Finding a specific newspaper on SOLO

Daily Mail

Choose “in the title” Newspapers are listed as “journals” If you’re confident of the title choosing “starts with” is the most effective strategy Finding a specific newspapers on SOLO

Once you’ve found the title in SOLO, choose the correct date. Yellow box gives overview of available dates. Scroll through the list to find individual dates

You may need to click ‘View all items’ (several times) 2. Finding a specific paper on OU eJournals

Choosing “Exact” will narrow down your results 3. Finding a specific paper on OxLIP+ OxLIP+ (http://oxlip-plus.bodleian.ox.ac.uk ) Newspapers covers newspaper collections/archives plus some specific titles

OxLIP+ should NOT be your first port when searching for specific newspaper. 4. Finding a specific paper using Milford &Sutherland Pre 1800: Milford & Sutherland A catalogue of English newspapers and periodicals in the Bodleian Library, 1622- 1800 [Lower Reading Room B1.1202] 5. Finding a specific paper – British Library Catalogue • British Library Explore –good for finding papers by place http://explore.bl.uk (Advanced Search) 6. Finding a specific paper: Ask for help • If you can’t find it, Ask for help RESEARCH TOOLS & DATABASES FOR NEWSPAPERS Finding research tools

• OxLIP+ (http://oxlip-plus.bodleian.ox.ac.uk) > Subject > Newspapers SEARCH TIPS E.G. RESEARCHING NEWS COVERAGE OF TAX AVOIDANCE AND THE ROYAL FAMILY AND / OR e.g. researching news coverage of tax avoidance and the queen Tax avoidance AND queen OR OR Tax evasion royal family OR offshore OR Tax loophole (tax avoidance OR tax evasion OR offshore OR tax loophole) AND (queen OR royal family) Phrase searching e.g. researching news coverage of tax avoidance and the queen “Tax avoidance” AND Queen OR OR “Tax evasion “ “Royal family “ OR offshore Also use “” around names e.g. OR “Cayman Islands”, “World Bank”, “Tax loophole “ “Panama Papers” (“tax avoidance” OR “tax evasion” OR offshore OR “tax loophole”) AND (queen OR royal family) Truncation and wild cards e.g. researching news coverage of tax avoidance and the queen

“Tax avoid*” AND Queen OR OR “Tax eva*” “Royal family” OR offshore You can also use ? to replace a single OR letter e.g. wom?n, organi?ation, “Tax loophole*” behavio?r (“tax avoid*” OR “tax eva*” OR offshore OR “tax loophole*”) AND (queen OR “royal family”) Proximity searching e.g.e.g. researching researching news news coverage coverage of of tax tax avoidance avoidance and by the royalqueen family

“Tax avoid*” NEAR Queen OR OR “Tax eva*” “Royal family” OR offshore OR “Tax loophole*” (“tax avoid*” OR “tax eva*” OR offshore OR “tax loophole*”) NEAR (queen OR “royal family”) (“tax avoid*” OR “tax eva*” OR offshore OR “tax loophole*”) NEAR (queen OR “royal family”)

(“tax avoid*” OR “tax eva*” OR offshore OR “tax loophole*”) AND (queen OR “royal family”) Search tips: Search technique

• AND (between all words which must be present in search results) e.g. queen and tax avoidance • OR - Use between synonyms or alternative terms to indicate that one or other word must be present e.g. queen OR royal family • “specific phrase” – use quote marks to search for a specific phrase e.g. “tax avoidance” • *truncation finds alternative word endings e.g. avoid* finds avoid, avoidance, avoided, avoids. Be careful eva* finds evasion, evaded, evades but also evangelist, evacuate etc • ? To replace a single character e.g. wom?n finds women, woman • Proximity operators (NEAR, ADJ, SAME, w/ etc) - same as AND but the words must appear near to one another. Check Help files for details. Mind your language!

• Historic - what language would have been used at the time? • Language used by newspapers maybe emotive, colloquial, puns etc • Some regular columns will always keep the same title What are you searching?

• News • Opinion e.g. editorials, columnists, letters • Ephemera (e.g. weather, horoscopes, crosswords, cartoons, TV schedules, adverts) • Supplements / Features • Records (birth /marriages/deaths)

Newspapers B&W (3) by Jon S https://www.flickr.com/photos/62693815@N03/62 77208708 Where are you searching?

Searching full text can return too many results

Searching headlines is unreliable

Lead paragraph can be a good option HISTORIC SOURCES Different providers

• Different platforms & functionality for searching / output • Different coverage • Can’t cross-search all of historic content • Digital editions have different layout policies Richard Heaton's Index to Digitalised British and Irish Newspapers Online Beta http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~dutillieul/BritishandIrishNews.html 17th and 18th Century Burney Collection Newspapers; British Library 19th Century Newspapers; 19th Century British Library Newspapers Part II; Ancestry ; British Newspaper Archive; Cambrian Indexing Project; Cengage Daily Mail Historical Archive; Gale News Vault; Googlenewspapers ; Highland History & Culture; Internet Library of Early Periodicals ;Irish News Archive; The Irish Times; Jewish Chronicle Archive; Lastchancetoread; London Gazette Archive; Manx National Heritage; Newspaper Archive; Newspapers.com; Slough History Online; The Stage Archive; Teesdale Mercury Archive; Times Digital Archive; Sunday Times Digital Archive; Financial Times Digital Archive; Guardian Digital Archive; Scotsman; UK Press Online; and Welsh Newspapers Online (Beta) Common problems

• Vast amount of information • Quality of scans • Printing: broadsheet to A4, column layout England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland pre-1800 https://ox.libguides.com/newspapers/britishandirish

Bombay Courier, Volume 12 - 1803 - Calcutta Chronicle; and General Advertiser, Issue 536 - © Adam Matthew Digital Volume 02 - 1787-1788 - Issue 55 - © Adam Calcutta Chronicle; and General Matthew Digital Advertiser, Volume 02 - 1787-1788 - Issue 72 - © Adam Matthew Digital England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland post-1800 https://ox.libguides.com/newspapers/britishandirish

What is available to you: 1800- United States https://ox.libguides.com/newspapers/unitedstates • The Nationals – Washington Post (1877-1996) – New York Times Historical Archive (1851-2010) – The Nation Digital Archives (1865-) – The National Review Digital Archive (1955-) – The New Republic Archives (1914-) • Regional coverage – Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers (1836- 1922) http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/ – Chicago Defender (1910-1975) – New York Amsterdam News (1922-1993) – Pittsburgh Courier (1911-2002) Readers' Guide Retrospective: 1890-1982 (via OxLIP+) Indexes articles in the popular American press by subject, as well as to over three million articles from approximately 375 periodicals, many in full text.

What is available to you: Europe

• Europeana Newspapers http://www.europeana-newspapers.eu/ • The European Library – historic newspapers http://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/tel4/newspapers What is available to you: France, Belgium, Netherlands https://ox.libguides.com/newspapers/francebelgiumnetherlands

What is available to you: Germany, Austria, Switzerland https://ox.libguides.com/newspapers/germanyaustriaswitzerland What is available to you: other countries

Examples: • Izvestiia Digital Archive 1917- • Pravda Digital Archive (1912-2009) • Latin American Newspapers (1805-1922) • Times of India (1861-2006) • China Core Newspapers Database • North China Herald (1850-1941) • People's Daily archive (1946-2012) [China] • ProQuest Historical Newspapers: Chinese Newspapers Collection • The Japan Times Archives Online (1897-2014)

National libraries, e.g. • Trove Digitized Newspapers (1803-1955) (Australia) http://trove.nla.gov.au/ Pravda Digital Archive (1912-2009)

Rasputin murdered 26/12/1916 – no 1916 issues February Revolution 1917 – no Jan-Feb issues

Remote access to British Library newspapers • African American Newspapers Series 1, 1827-1998 • Caribbean Newspapers 1718-1876 • Early American Newspapers, Series 1 (1690-1876) • World newspaper Archive: African Newspapers, 1800-1922

http://www.bl.uk/eresources/remote/about.html CONTEMPORARY & RECENT Common problems

• Vast amount of information • Some content missing • Most online versions do not retain formatting and layout Print • Regional editions • Several editions per day Free web edition • Breaking news, changes throughout the day • Does not include print edition premium content • Includes videos, social media & comments Digitized reproductions of print edition • Reproduce print edition • Exclude online only edition • Maintain print formatting Online archives (Factiva/Nexis) • Does not preserve original formatting & layout • Includes print and free web edition • Often excludes articles by freelancers, some supplements, ephemera, pictures Modern newspapers / collections which retain formatting Access via OxLIP+ UK Ireland • Daily Mirror 1903- • Irish Newspaper Archive 1738- • Observer 1791-2003 • Irish Tmes 1859-2015 • Guardian 1821-2003 • The Times 1785-2010 Japan • Financial Times 1902-2010 • Japan Times Archives Online (1897-2014) • Illustrated London News 1842-2003 • Asahi shinbun 1879- • The Spectator 1828-2000 Russia • The Scotsman 1817-1950 • Izvestiia Digital Archive 1917-2010 Australia • Pravda Digital Archive 1912-2009 • Trove Digitized Newspapers 1803-1955 USA China • Jiefangjun Bao (PLA Daily) 1956- • Chicago Defender 1910-1975 • ProQuest Historical Newspapers: Chinese • The Nation 1865- Newspapers Collection 1832-1953 • New Republic 1914- • Old Hong Kong Newspapers 1853 - 1984. • New York Amsterdam News 1922-1993 Germany • New York Times Historical Archive 1851-2013 • ZEFYS Zeitungsinformationssystem 1617-1994 India • Pittsburgh Courier (1911-2002) • Times of India 1838-2007 • Washington Post (1877-1999) News from the West: Nexis

• 20,000 news sources from around the World • UK: • 689 UK newspapers • Most broadsheets 1980s onwards • Tabloids and local/specialist papers start more recently. • Note: Telegraph starts in 2000. • FT embargoed for 30 days) • Also includes the BBC Monitoring Service Nexis home page searches all news and often returns too many results. Use Sources to find individual publications or to search by region 1. Browse by country or language.

Alternatively you can search for an 2. Select news individual publication Biggest database for UK news

Although some individual publications are Use i for more information listed below this is not a complete list. To see a complete list of newspapers choose the “newspapers” folder Use the following connectors: AND OR w/s – within same sentence w/p – within same paragraph w/n – where n is a number (within n words) See “search tips” for a full list

You can restrict your search to particular parts of the document e.g HLEAD (headline and lead paragraph). Either 1. enter HLEAD directly into the search box and add search terms between ((double parentheses)) OR 2. use the “Search specific document sections” option News from the West: Factiva

• Very similar news coverage to Nexis • UK • Broadsheets coverage starts early 1980s (often 1-2 years before Nexis). Note: Telegraph starts in 2000. • FT embargoed for 30 days) • Huge overlap in content between Nexis and Factiva – but if you can’t find a source on one its worth trying the other! By default Factiva searches international news for the past 3 months. To limit to a publication/source/ country/region use the options in the bottom half of the screen.

To search by region you may find it better to use the “Sources” option (rather than “Region”). First choose “Source” and then choose “By Region” from the drop down menu.

To select a source click on the title, this will add it to sources (in yellow). Alternatively click to add it to the search box. If you add a source to the search box enter AND between the source name and your search terms. Note – either technique should return the same results When searching use the following connectors AND, OR SAME – within same paragraph NEARN –Words must appear within N words of one another in any order w/N – Words must appear within N words of one another in order they were entered ? To replace a single character News from other countries

Emerging Markets Information Service • Similar to Nexis and Factiva but focussing on “Emerging Markets Countries” (Asia, Middle East, S America, Central and Eastern Europe) • Follow links from SOLO / OxLIP+ and then choose “Client login” (top right) . Then either choose a region or choose “My full subscription” Click search (top right) to limit search by Basic search across all country/region, document English language items type, date range, languages. on EMIS over last 12 When you click search a months panel opens.

EMIS supports a wide range of connectors: AND, OR NEARN –Words must appear within N words of one another * For alternative word endings ? For alternative spellings Summaries & translations of news from around the World • BBC Monitoring Service 1979- (via Nexis UK) – News from 150 countries, translated into English • FBIS – Foreign Broadcast Information Service (mid 1970s-1996) – Selected newspaper articles, broadcasts, news agency transmissions and government statements collected (and intercepted) by the US Government. – Middle East and North Africa, 1974–1987 – Near East and South Asia, 1987–1996 – South Asia, 1980–1987 – Sub-Saharan Africa, 1974–1980 and Africa, 1987–1996 – Eastern Europe, 1974–1996 – Latin America, 1974-1996 – Soviet Union, 1974-1991 – Central Eurasia, 1992-1996 – Western Europe, 1974-1996 • World News Connection Archive 1995-2013 – Over 1 million newspaper articles, broadcast transcripts and datelines from around the world – Translated into English by the US Government Find the BBC Monitoring Service by choosing Sources and then enter BBC monitoring service in the “Find a Source” box FBIS searching • Choose “Advanced search” • Add rows to the search form Use: • AND OR NOT • ADJN – words must appear within N words of one another in order entered • NEARN – words must appear within N words of one another in any order • “phrase searching” • * Alternative word endings ? Alternative spellings

Use tabs to restrict your search by country, article type etc. Events option is useful if you are researching an historic event .

FBIS – Foreign Broadcasting FBIS events section. World News Connections advanced search Browse “World connections” by region and date Ethnic NewsWatch

• 439 newspapers etc from ethnic and minority presses • Vast majority published in North America • Two packages searched together – Ethnic NewsWatch Historic 1959-89 (focussed on African-American, Hispanic-American and Native American publications) – Ethnic NewsWatch 1990- (much wider range of publications from a broad array of communities) • Uses the Proquest interface Proquest Ethnic NewsWatch connectors AND OR NOT ADJN – words must appear within N words of one another in order entered NEAR/n – words must appear within N words of one another in any order “phrase searching” * Alternative word endings

More search options including filtering by language or ethnic group below News sources covering individual countries • Newspapers LibGuides – Newspapers by country/region Finding other sources

Oxford resources: • OxLIP+ > Subjects > Newspapers (A-Z of newspaper databases) • Newspapers LibGuide @ https://ox.libguides.com/newspapers

Free resources: • Guide to non English language free online editions organised by country (by MIT) http://libguides.mit.edu/flnewspapers • Wikipedia on newspapers – Lists newspapers by region providing information about each newspapers as well as links to online editions http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_newspapers • Online newspapers (includes National and regional titles from around the World) http://www.onlinenewspapers.com About newspapers

Information about the newspapers (e.g. ownership, history, circulation etc) • World Press Trends Database (via OxLIP+) • Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Lists_of_newspapers Selection of visual and audio-visual resources https://ox.libguides.com/newspapers/audiovisualnews

British Universities Film & Video Council (BUFVC) http://bufvc.ac.uk/ Deutches Rundfunkarchiv http://www.dra.de/ Play time

Women standing in a picket line reading the newspaper PM from The Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Catherwood Library, Cornell University https://www.flickr.com/photos/kheelcenter/5279671012/in/photostream/