IO BIO Database 1 Version March 2017

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017

IO BIO Biographical Dictionary of Secretaries-General of International Organizations Edited by Bob Reinalda and Kent J. Kille, Assistant Editor Jaci Eisenberg

Website: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio Contact: [email protected]

IO BIO Databases 1 and 2: Introduction IO BIO Database 1 (Persons and Entries) is an alphabetical list of individual Secretaries-General (or individuals with other executive head titles) of inter-governmental organizations (IGOs) presented in two columns, with the names of the individuals in the first column and the related organization in the second column. IO BIO Database 2 (IGOs Included and Their Secretaries-General) provides an alphabetical overview of the IGOs included in the database, with the names of the IGOs in the first column and in the second column, in chronological order, the names of the various office-holders who have served.

The IO BIO Database 1 listing format is kept intentionally simple, with names and additional information presented in two columns. The First Column starts with the person’s last name (as best that can be established) and continues with the first name(s), gender, nationality and years of birth and death (when available). Names of non-English origin are entered under prefixes as Al, D’, Da, De, El, Van, Von and Wa. For determining alphabetical order all accents (such as à, é, ó, ö and ü) and hyphens are neglected, as well as apostrophes in a name (for example, M’Bow reads as MBow, D’Offray as DOffray; note: Al-Hussein reads as one word, Al Hussein however as two words). With regard to names with different ordering (for example, Ban Ki-moon: under B, not K), we endeavour to follow national habits as much as possible. The first column thus provides an alphabetical list of all Secretaries-General included in the database. For a number of persons (those who are intended to be included in IO BIO, Biographical Dictionary of Secretaries-General of International Organizations) we have indicated in the first column a level of importance, which is related to the proposed length for those who want to write an IO BIO entry (the section ‘Entries Under Construction’ on the IO BIO Documents page on the website www.ru.nl/fm/iobio shows the names of those executive heads who already have an author). There are three category levels: Category 1 = 2,400-3,600 words, Category 2 = 1,200-2,400 words and Category 3 = 800-1,200 words.

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

The Second Column indicates the IGO’s name, the office title and, as precise as possible, the term in office. If the name of an IGO changed, we give information about previous and/or later names. The name of the IGO listed reflects the one used during that executive head’s time in office.

Section A of IO BIO Database 2 provides an alphabetical list of the names of included IGOs, along with the organization’s acronym. Section B provides the same information as contained in Database 1 (Persons and Entries), but without the entries’ category designation. The First Column of Section B starts with the IGO’s name (and if the name of an IGO changed, there is information about previous and/or later names), the office title and the term in office. The Second Column of Section B indicates the executive head’s last name, first name(s), gender, nationality and years of birth and death (when available). Database 2 thus presents a chronological overview of the executive heads of an IGO for each organization.

Database Set Up The first inventory of Secretaries-General of IGOs for the IO BIO Project was based on files with information on each IGO constructed by Bob Reinalda for the writing of his book Routledge History of International Organizations: From 1815 to the Present Day (2009). Among the institutional information are lists of executive heads as far as, and as detailed as, provided by the organizations, as well as sub files with researched and collected information on the executive heads. Subsequent updates to the databases have also relied on information stipulated by the IGOs. Unfortunately, many organizations do not directly provide very extensive details about their executive heads, so additional research is often required. The general impression is that most IGOs simply mention when a term in office starts and when it ends, with some organizations only noting years for the time in office, while others provide more detailed dates. Few institutions mention acting executive heads. Some IGOs provide pictures, but others do not make pictures available. Almost all IGOs are reticent with regard to providing information about what executive heads have actually done while in office. IGOs informing about executive head’s policies and achievements is an unusual occurrence. Not all IGOs provide personal information, but several do so by informing about some elements, such as national background, education, previous positions and also family situation, as well as prestigious prize awards. However, generally speaking, the information is rather restricted and as such insufficient for writing a (short) biography and career description as IO BIO wants to provide (see the ‘IO BIO Author Instructions’ for what should be included in an entry on the website www.ru.nl/fm/iobio). Researchers of IGOs, therefore, learn about executive heads by investigating the policies and related aspects of the organizations, but they also need other sources of information about the individual leaders. So-called ‘Who’s Whos’ are helpful in this respect, especially if they provide a chronological overview of functions of individuals. However, this is often done in a rather rigorous way and mostly restricted to a simple enumeration, which means that the relationships between the functions remain hidden. Biographical dictionaries and oral histories are more helpful in this respect, because they provide an overview of (parts of) a life or career. Unfortunately, the number of biographical entries of Secretaries-General of IGOs in these dictionaries is small, but several relevant oral history projects and digital collections are available. The number of Secretaries-General of IGOs dealt with on the Internet is restricted as well, and that goes also for the information that is provided

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

3 about these persons. Apart from the debate of whether Wikipedia texts are reliable, our experience is that there is not much information about Secretaries-General in Wikipedia (to our disappointment, it is even less than hoped for). Elements mentioned in Wikipedia texts, however, as well as the links in these texts, can be used in some circumstances to support further independent research. Some specific sources worth mentioning include Nobel Prizes, the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, the American National Biography and Warren F. Kuehl’s Biographical Dictionary of Internationalists (1983). Specific databases are also useful, for instance the LONSEA database, which is based on material collected about the League of Nations, and the United Nations Career Records Project in Oxford. All sources mentioned here can be found in the document ‘Tools to Find More Data About My Secretary-General’ on the IO BIO website. The IO BIO databases have also benefited from reviewing the impressive work done by http://rulers.org/ (Ben Schemmel) and www.worldstatesmen.org (Ben Cahoon and others), which include list inventories of Secretaries-General of many IGOs among the leaders provided and often provide more precise dates than the IGOs themselves do and also mention acting executive heads. However, these websites do not specify their sources and reviewing various sources can provide different answers to simple questions, such as: when exactly did an executive head start, or end, her or his term in office, or: when was a person born or when did this person die? Not providing sources is understandable (IO BIO also does not publicly provide source support for each dimension of the databases, although each part of the data is carefully cross-checked and verified to the best of our ability), as this requires a lot of space to mention all sources as well as the arguments why certain dates were chosen, or why others were not. Hence, scholars employing the data provided by IO BIO may note conflicts with other sources such as rulers.org, wordstatesmen.org, LONSEA and even specialist literature. IO BIO works hard to be as precise as possible, drawing on the information that has been found, preferably based on primary sources, and the assessments made. Nonetheless, due to relying on (a combination of) different sources, information such as birth and death years and terms in office can be questionable in some instances. Hence, all information about persons and organizations must always be scrutinized and used in a critical manner. If any mistakes are seen in the IO BIO databases, or there is additional information to be added, please inform the Editors at [email protected].

Previous Versions The original IO BIO databases were set up in 2010, then corrected several times and posted again as the 2012 version. The 2015 version was a major update that included extending the list of Secretaries-General to cover current office-holders at the time, adding additional IGOs and making corrections where needed. The March 2017 version is a major update again, making corrections where needed as well as covering current office-holders and adding additional IGOs. While a variety of web sources were provided in previous versions, since these are often changing we restrict ourselves in the March 2017 version to simply providing the data instead of also publicly detailing web link updates. Entries published by IO BIO on the website www.ru.nl/fm/iobio are not mentioned directly in the databases, as this would require a change every time a new IO BIO entry is posted, but these are employed when updating the databases and interested readers are encouraged to review and reference these entries for further details.

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

IO BIO DATABASE 1: PERSONS AND ENTRIES

NAME SG, GENDER, NAME IGO, OFFICE TITLE, TERM IN OFFICE, NATIONALITY, SOME AVAILABLE BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION BIRTH/DEATH, CATEGORY

Abbas, Mekki (m) (Sudan) (b. ?) Economic Commission for Africa UN ECA Executive Secretary 1959 – 1961 Abdel-Meguid, Ahmed Asmat (m) Arab League Secretary-General 1991, May 15 – 2001, May 15 (Egypt) (b. 1924 – d. 2013) Category 2 Abdel-Rahman, Ibrahim Helmi United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNIDO Executive Director 1967, Jan 1 – 1974 (m) (Egypt) (b. 1919 – d. ?) Category 3 Abdul Rahman Putra Alhaj, Organization of the Islamic Conference OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation since 28 June 2011) Tunku (m) (Malaysia) (b. 1903 – d. Secretary-General 1971 – 1973, Dec 31 1990) Category 3 Oxford DNB Aboul-Gheit, Ahmed (m) (Egypt) Arab League Secretary-General 2016, Jul 1 – (b. 1942) Aboymov, Ivan Pavlovich (m) Warsaw Treaty Organization (Warsaw Pact) Secretary-General of the Political Consultative Committee (Soviet Union) (b. 1936) Category 3 1989, Jul 8 – 1990, Jun 7 Abraham, Ronny (m) (France) (b. International Court of Justice ICJ President 2015, Feb 6 – 1951) AbuZayd, Karen Koning (f) (U.S.) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Commissioner- (b. 1941) (acting to 28 June 2005) General 2005, Apr 1 – 2009, Dec 31 Category 2 Adachi, Mineichiro (m) (Japan) (b. Permanent Court of International Justice PCJI President 1931 – 1934 1869 – d. 1934) Category 3 Adedeji, Adebayo (m) (Nigeria) (b. Economic Commission for Africa UN ECA Executive Secretary 1975 – 1991 1930) Category 2 Adesina, Akinwumi Ayodeji (m) African Development Bank AfDB President 2015, Sep 1 – (Nigeria) (b. 1960) Aga Khan, Sadruddin (m) (Iran) (b. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 1965 – 1977

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

1933 – d. 2003) Category 1 Ahmad, Shamshad (m) (Pakistan) Economic Cooperation Organization ECO (prev. Regional Cooperation for Development) Secretary-General (b. ?) Category 3 1992 – 1996 Ahmed, Rafeeuddin (m) (Pakistan) Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific UN ESCAP (Economic Commission for Asia and (b. 1932) Category 3 the Far East UN ECAFE until January 1974) ESCAP Executive Secretary 1992 – 1994 Ahsan, Abul (m) (Bangladesh) (b. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 1987, Jan 16 – 1989, Oct 15 1936 – d. 2008) Category 3 Ajit Singh (m) (Malaysia) (b. 1938) Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Secretary-General 1993, Jan 1 – 1997, Dec 31 Category 3 Akça, Halil Ibrahim (m) (Turkey) Economic Cooperation Organization ECO (prev. Regional Cooperation for Development) Secretary-General (b. 1963) 2015, Aug 13 – Akhtar, Shamshad (f) (Pakistan) (b. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific UN ESCAP (Economic Commission for Asia and ?) the Far East UN ECAFE until January 1974) Executive Secretary 2014 – Al Hajjar, Bandar bin Mohammed Islamic Development Bank IDB President 2016, Oct 1 – bin Hamza Asaad (m) (Saudi Arabia) (b. 1953) Al Hussein, Zeid Ra’ad (m) Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights OHCHR High Commissioner for (Jordan) (b. 1964) Human Rights 2014, Sep 1 – Al Zayani, Abdul Latif bin Rashid Gulf Cooperation Council GCC Secretary-General 2011, Apr 1 – (m) (Bahrain) (b. 1954) Al-Assad, Assad (m) (Lebanon) (b. Arab League Secretary-General 1990, Sep – 1991, May 15 1920) (acting) Al-Attar, Mohammad Said (m) Economic Commission for Western Asia UN ECWA (Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (Yemen) (b. 1927 – d. 2005) UN ESCWA July 1985) Executive Secretary 1974 – 1985 Category 3 Al-Attiyah, Abdul Rahman bin Gulf Cooperation Council GCC Secretary-General 2002, Apr 1 – 2011, Mar Hamad (m) (Qatar) (b. 1950) Category 3 Al-Bazzaz, Abdul Rahman (m) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1964, May 1 – 1965, Apr 30 (Iraq) (b. 1913 – d. 1973) Alberdi, Inés (f) (Spain) (b. 1948) United Nations Development Fund for Women UNIFEM Executive Director 2007 – 2010, Jul Category 2 Al-Chalabi, Fadhil Jafar (m) (Iraq) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Deputy Secretary-General 1983, Jul

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

(b. 1929) (acting) Al-Dafa, Bader Omar (m) (Qatar) Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia UN ESCWA (prev. Economic Commission for Western (b. ?) Asia UN ECWA July 1985) Executive Secretary 2007 – 2010 Alegrett Ruiz, Sebastián (m) Andean Community of Nations CAN General Secretary 1997, Aug. 1 – 2002, Aug 7 (Venezuela) (b. 1942 – d. 2002) Category 3 Latin American [and Caribbean] Economic System SELA Permanent Secretary 1983 – 1987 Alemán Gurdián, Juan Daniel (m) Central American Integration System SICA Secretary-General 2009, Feb 1 – 2013, Jun 30 (Nicaragua) (b. 1956) Category 3 Aleskerov, Shamil (m) (Azerbaijan) Economic Cooperation Organization ECO Secretary-General (prev. Regional Cooperation for Development) (b. 1946) 2012, Aug 13 – 2015, Aug 13 Alexandrenne, Louis (m) (Senegal) United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNIDO Director-General 1993, Jan – 1993, Mar (b. 1933) (acting) Algabid, Hamid (m) (Niger) (b. Organization of the Islamic Conference OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation since 28 June 2011) 1941) Category 3 Secretary-General 1989, Jan 1 – 1996, Dec 31 Al-Hujailan, Jamil Ibrahim (m) Gulf Cooperation Council GCC Secretary-General 1996, Apr – 2002, Mar 31 (Saudi Arabia) (b. 1925) Category 2 Ali Al-Madani, Ahmad Mohamed Islamic Development Bank IDB President 1975, Oct 20 – 2016, Oct 1 (m) (Saudi Arabia) (b. 1934) Category 2 Ali bin Abdullah (m) (Malaysia) (b. Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Secretary-General 1978, Jul 10 – 1980, Jun 30 1922) Category 3 Alkalaj, Sven (m) (Bosnia and Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Executive Secretary 2012 – 2014 Herzegovina) (b. 1948) Allam-Mi, Ahmad (m) (Chad) (b. Economic Community of Central African States ECCAS Secretary-General 2013, Aug 5 – 1948) Allen, James Lawrence (m) Colombo Plan Director 1964, Jan – 1966, Mar (Australia) (b. 1913 – d. 1990) Category 3 Al-Madani al-Azhari, Mohamed Community of Sahel-Saharan States CEN-SAD Secretary-General 1999 – 2012 (m) (Libya) (b. ?) Category 2 Almagro Lemes, Luis Leonardo Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910- (m) (Uruguay) (b. 1963) 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 2015, May 26 – Al-Nabulsi, Mohammad Said (m) Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia UN ESCWA (prev. Economic Commission for Western

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

(Jordan) (b. ?) Category 3 Asia UN ECWA July 1985) Executive Secretary 1985 – 1988 Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed (m) (United Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1983, Jul 19 – 1983, Dec 31 Arab Emirates) (b. 1946) (during this time the elected President of the Conference who had the mandate to also supervise the Secretariat) Al-Othaimeen, Yousef bin Ahmad Organization of Islamic Cooperation OIC (prev. Organization of the Islamic Conference) Secretary-General (m) (Saudi Arabia) (b. 1946) 2016, Nov 17 – Al-Qasimi, Fahim bin Sultan (m) Gulf Cooperation Council GCC Secretary-General 1993, Apr – 1996, Apr (United Arab Emirates) (b. 1948) Category 3 Al-Sudeary, Abdelmuhsin M. (m) International Fund for Agricultural Development IFAD President 1978, Jan – 1984, Nov (Saudia Arabia) (b. 1936) Category 2 Al-Sultan, Fawzi Hamad (m) International Fund for Agricultural Development IFAD President 1993, Jan – 2001, Apr (Kuwait) (b. 1944) Category 2 Altmeyer, Arthur J. (m) (U.S.) (b. International Refugee Organization IRO Executive Secretary Preparatory Commission 1947, Jan – 1947, Jul 1891 – d. 1972) Category 3 Al-Touhami, Hassan (m) (Egypt) Organization of the Islamic Conference OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation since 28 June 2011) (b. ?) Secretary-General 1974, Jan 1 – 1975, Dec Altwaijri, Abdulaziz Othman (m) Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ISESCO Director-General 1991, Nov – (Saudi Arabia) (b. 1950) Category 3 Álvarez, Carlos Alberto (m) Latin American Integration Association LAIA Secretary-General 2011, Sept 1– (Argentina) (b. 1948) Alzamora, Carlos (m) (Peru) (b. Latin American [and Caribbean] Economic System SELA Permanent Secretary 1979 – 1983 1926) Category 3 Amamou, Mohamed (m) Arab Maghreb Union AMU Secretary-General 1991, Oct 23 – 2002, Feb 26 (Tunisia) (b. 1933 – d. 2014) Category 2 Amano, Yukiya (m) (Japan) (b. International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA Director-General 2009, Dec 1 – 1947) Amin, Adnan Z. (m) (Kenya) (b. International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA Director-General 2010, Oct 21 – (Interim Director-General 1957) (interim to 4 Apr 2011) of the Preparatory Commission until elected first Director-General 2011, Apr 4) Amoako, Kingsley Y. (m) (Ghana) Economic Commission for Africa UN ECA Executive Secretary 1995 – 2005 (b. 1944) Category 2 Andrada, Marco Aurelio (m) International Telecommunication Union ITU (prev. International Telegraph Union) Secretary-General 1954, (Argentina) (b. 1904 – d. 1958) Jan 1 – 1958, Jun 18

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

Category 3 Andrade Falla, Luis Fernando (m) Association of Caribbean States ACS Secretary-General 2008, Mar – 2012, Apr 12 (Guatemala) (b. 1963) Andreasen, Christian (m) (U.S.) (b. International Hydrographic Organization IHO (International Hydrographic Bureau 22 September 1970) 1939) Category 3 President of the Directing Committee 1992 – 1997 Androne, Nae (m) (Romania) (b. ?) Danube Commission Director-General 1963 – 1966 Category 3 Angrisano, Giuseppe (m) (Italy) (b. International Hydrographic Organization IHO (International Hydrographic Bureau 22 September 1970) 1935) Category 2 President of the Directing Committee 1997 – 2002 Annan, Kofi (m) (Ghana) (b. 1938) United Nations UN Secretary-General 1997, Jan 1 – 2006, Dec 31 Category 1 Nobel Prize Annez de Taboada, Chevalier Customs Cooperation Council CCC (1994 World Customs Organization WCO) Secretary-General 1953, Aug Georges (m) (Belgium) (b. 1913 – d. 2 – 1978, Aug 31 1997) Category 2 Antonov, Aleksey Innokentyevich Warsaw Treaty Organization (Warsaw Pact) Secretary-General of the Political Consultative Committee (m) (Soviet Union) (b. 1896) 1955, May 14 – 1958, May 24 Category 2 Anwar, Khurshid (m) (Pakistan) (b. Economic Cooperation Organization ECO (prev. Regional Cooperation for Development) Secretary-General 1939) Category 3 2006, Aug – 2009, Aug Anyaoku, Emeka (m) (Nigeria) (b. Commonwealth, The Secretary-General 1990, Jul 1 – 2000, Apr 3 1933) Category 2 Anzilotti, Dionisio (m) (Italy) (b. Permanent Court of International Justice PCJI President 1928 – 1930 1867 – d. 1950) Category 2 Applewhaite, Lolita (f) Caribbean Community CARICOM (prev. Caribbean Free Trade Association CARIFTA July 1973) Secretary- (Barbados) (b. ?) (acting) General 2011, Jan 1 – 2011, Aug 15 Aquino Herrera, Franciso (m) (El World Food Programme WFP Executive Director 1968, Jul – 1976, May 15 Salvador) (b. 1919) Category 3 Aragona, Giancarlo (m) (Italy) (b. Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe OSCE (prev. Conference on Security and Cooperation 1942) Category 2 in Europe) Secretary-General 1996, Jun 15 – 1999, Jun 15 Arastou, Seyed Mojtaba (m) (Iran) Economic Cooperation Organization ECO (prev. Regional Cooperation for Development) Secretary-General (b. 1955) Category 2 2002, Jul – 2003, Aug Arbour, Louise (f) (Canada) (b. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights OHCHR High Commissioner for 1947) Category 1 Human Rights 2004, Jul 1 – 2008, Aug 31

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

Arcuri, Reginaldo Braga (m) Southern Common Market MERCOSUR Director of the Executive Secretariat 2003, Jan 1 – 2005, Dec 31 (Brazil) (b. 1955?) Category 3 Árnason, Kristinn F. (m) (Iceland) European Free Trade Association EFTA Secretary-General 2012, Sep 1 – (b. 1954) Arriola, Salvador (m) (Mexico) (b. Latin American [and Caribbean] Economic System SELA Permanent Secretary 1991 – 1995 ?) Category 3 Artaza Rouxel, Mario Hernán (m) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 2004, Jan 1 – 2005, Jan 1 (Chile) (b. 1937) Category 3 Arteaga Serrano, Rosalía (f) Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization ACTO Secretary-General 2004, May 5 – 2007 (Ecuador) (b. 1956) Category 3 Ásgrímsson, Halldór (m) (Iceland) Nordic Council of Ministers Secretary-General 2007 – 2013, Mar 3 (b. 1947) Assar, Nassir (m) (Iran) (b. 1926 – Central Treaty Organization CENTO Secretary-General 1972, Feb 1 – 1975, Jan d. 2015) Category 3 Astrain Castro, Santiago (m) International Telecommunications Satellite Consortium (International Telecommunications Satellite (Chile) (b. 1918 – d. 2008) Category Organization Intelsat 12 February 1973; International Telecommunications Satellite Organization ITSO 18 July 3 2001) Secretary-General 1964, Aug 20 – 1973, Feb 12

International Telecommunications Satellite Organization Intelsat (International Telecommunications Satellite Organization Intelsat 12 February 1973; International Telecommunications Satellite Organization ITSO 18 July 2001) Director-General 1973, Feb 12 – 1983, Dec 30 Attali, Jacques (m) (France) (b. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EBRD President 1991, Apr 15 – 1993, Jul 16 1943) Category 2 Attolico, Bernardo (m) (Italy) (b. League of Nations Communications and Transit Section / Organization Director 1920 – 1920, Dec 14 1880 – d. 1942) Category 3 Kuehl Avenol, Joseph Louis Anne Marie League of Nations Secretary-General 1933, Jul 1 – 1940, Aug 31 Charles (m) (France) (b. 1879 – d. Kuehl 1952) Category 2 Ayala-Lasso, José (m) (Ecuador) (b. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights OHCHR High Commissioner for 1932) Category 2 Human Rights 1994, Apr 5 – 1997, Mar 15 Azzam, Abdel Rahman (m) Arab League Secretary-General 1945, Mar 22 – 1952, Sep (Egypt) (b. 1893 – d. 1976) Category 2

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

Babangida, Ibrahim Badamasi (m) Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS Executive Secretary 1988, Nov 2 – 1989, Feb 1 Nigeria) (b. 1941) (interim) Baccouche, Taïeb (m) (Tunisia) (b. Arab Maghreb Union AMU Secretary-General 2016, May 5 – 1944) Bachelet, Michelle (f) (Chile) (b. UN Women, the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women Executive 1951) Director 2010, Sep 14 – 2013, March Bäckström, Urban (m) (Sweden) (b. Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 1999, Mar – 2002, 1955) Category 2 Feb Baena Soares, João Clemente (m) Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910 - (Brazil) (b. 1931) Category 1 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 1984, Jun 20 – 1994, Jun 20 Båge, Lennart (m) (Sweden) (b. International Fund for Agricultural Development IFAD President 2001, Apr – 2009, Mar 31 1947) Category 2 Baig, Mirza O.A. (m) (Pakistan) (b. Central Treaty Organization CENTO Secretary-General 1959, Jan 1 – 1961, Dec 31 1904 – d. 1992) Category 3 Baiteke, Atanraoi (m) (Kiribati) (b. South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1989, Jun 16 – 1993, Jan 5 ?) Category 3 Bakjaji, Sabah el-Deen (m) (Syria) Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia UN ESCWA (prev. Economic Commission for Western (b. 1930) Category 3 Asia UN ECWA July 1985) Executive Secretary 1993 – 1995 Balanzino, Sergio (m) (Italy) (b. North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 1994, Aug 13 – 1994, Oct 17 1934) (1st time acting) and (2nd time acting) North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 1995, Oct 20 – 1995, Dec 5 Ban Ki-moon (m) (South Korea) (b. United Nations UN Secretary-General 2007, Jan 1 – 2016, Dec 31 1944) Bárcena Ibarra, Alicia (f) (Mexico) Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean UN ECLAC (prev. Economic Commission for (b. 1952) Latin America UN ECLA) Executive Secretary 2008, Jul 1 – Barity, Miklos (m) (Hungary) Warsaw Treaty Organization (Warsaw Pact) Secretary-General of the Political Consultative Committee (b. 1929) 1985, Oct 23 – 1986, Jun 11 Barkindo, Mohammed Sanusi (m) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 2016, Aug 1 – (Nigeria) (b. 1959) Barrett, John (m) (U.S.) (b. 1866 – International Bureau of American Republics / Pan American Union (1901-1910 International Bureau of d. 1938) Category 2 American Republics; 1910 Pan-American Union; 1948 Organization of American States) Director-General 1907 – 1920, Sep 1 Kuehl, American National Biography

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

Barroso, José Manuel Durão (m) European Union EU (prev. European Economic Community 1967; European Community 1993) President of (Portugal) (b. 1956) Category 1 the European Commission 2004, Nov 22 – 2014, Nov 1 Basdevant, Jules (m) (France) (b. International Court of Justice ICJ President 1949 – 1952, May 7 1877 – d. 1968) Category 2 Bashir, Attalla Hamad (m) Inter-Governmental Authority on Development IGAD (prev. Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and (Sudan) (b. 1946) Category 2 Development IGADD) Executive Secretary 2000, Apr 8 – 2008, Jun 14 Baytchev, Vassil Ivanov (m) Organization of Black Sea Economic Cooperation BSEC Director 1997 – 1999, May 1 (Bulgaria) (b. 1948) Category 3 Organization of Black Sea Economic Cooperation BSEC Secretary-General 1999, May 1 – 2000, May 1 Bayülken, Ümit Haluk (m) Central Treaty Organization CENTO Secretary-General 1975, Jan – 1977, Aug 1 (Turkey) (b. 1921 – d. 2007) Category 3 Bedell, Ralph Clairon (m) (U.S.) (b. South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1955, Mar 1 – 1958, Feb 28 1904 – d. 1991) Category 3 Bedjaoui, Mahammed (m) International Court of Justice ICJ President 1994, Feb 7 – 1997, Feb 6 (Algeria) (b. 1929) Category 2 Beheiry, Mamoun (m) (Sudan) (b. African Development Bank AfDB President 1964, Nov – 1970, Jan 19 1925 – d. 2002) Category 3 Belka, Marek (m) (Poland) (b. Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Executive Secretary 2005 – 2008 1952) Category 3 Belkeziz, Abdelouahed (m) Organization of the Islamic Conference OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation since 28 June 2011) (Morocco) (b. 1939) Category 3 Secretary-General 2001, Jan 1 – 2004, Dec 31 Bell, Sir Gawain Westray (m) South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1967, Jan 1 – 1969, Dec 11 (U.K.) (b. 1909 – d. 1995) Category Oxford DNB 3 Bellamy, Carol (f) (U.S.) (b. 1942) United Nations Children’s Fund UNICEF (prev. UN International Children’s Emergency Fund) Executive Category 2 Director 1995, May 1 – 2005, Apr 30 Belov, Vadim Yevgenyevich (m) International Organization of Space Communications Intersputnik Director General 2005, Apr 15 – Russia) (b. 1958) Ben Yahia, Habib (m) (Tunisia) (b. Arab Maghreb Union AMU Secretary-General 2006, Feb 1 – 2016, May 5 1938) Benjamin, Edouard (m) Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS Executive Secretary 1993, Sep 2 – 1997, Sep 1 (Guinea) (b. 1941) Category 3

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

Benjamin, Raymond (m) (France) International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO Secretary-General 2009, Aug 1 – 2015, Jul 31 (b. 1945) Benvenuti, Lodovico (m) (Italy) (b. Council of Europe CoE Secretary-General 1957, Sep 15 – 1964, Mar 15 1899 – d. 1966) Category 3 Berezovsky, Boris (m) (Russia) (b. Commonwealth of Independent States CIS Executive Secretary 1998, Apr 29 – 1999, Mar 4 1946 – d. 2013) Category 2 Bergman, Olli (m) (Finland) (b. ?) Nordic Council of Ministers Secretary-General 1973 – 1978 Berhane Ghebray (m) (Ethiopia) (b. African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States ACP Secretary-General 1989 – 1994 1938) Category 3 Bertholet, Yves (m) (France) (b. Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Executive Secretary 1993 – 2000 1937) Category 3 Bertile, Wilfrid (m) (Réunion / Indian Ocean Commission COI Secretary-General 2001, Jul – 2004, Jul 1 France) (b. 1945) Bertini, Catherine (f) (U.S.) (b. World Food Programme WFP Executive Director 1992, Apr 1 – 2002, Apr 4 1950) Category 2 Betham, Gustav F.D. (m) (Western South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1971, Nov 1 – 1975, Nov 30 Samoa) (b. 1915 – d. 1984) Beyen, Johan Willem (m) Bank for International Settlements BIS President of the BIS 1937, May 3 – 1939, Dec 31 (Netherlands) (b. 1897 – d. 1976) Category 2 Bhargava, Kant Kishore (m) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 1989, Oct 17 – 1991, Dec 31 (India) (b. ?) Category 3 Bigirwenkya, Zerubaberi Hosea East African Community EAC Secretary-General 1968 – 1971, Mar Kwamya (m) (Uganda) (b. 1927) Category 3 Bishara, Abdullah Yaccoub (m) Gulf Cooperation Council GCC Secretary-General 1981, May 26 – 1993, Apr (Kuwait) (b. 1936) Category 3 Black, Eugene Robert (m) (U.S.) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD (World Bank) President 1949, Jul 1 – 1962, (b. 1898 – d. 1992) Category 1 Dec 31 American National Biography Blanchard, Francis (m) (France) (b. International Labour Organization ILO Director-General of the International Labour Office 1974, Feb 26 – 1916 – d. 2009) (acting to 26 Feb 1989, Mar 3 1974) Category 1

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Blandford Jr., John B. (m) (U.S.) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Director 1951, (b. 1898 – d. 1972) Category 3 Jul 1 – 1953, Mar 7 Blix, Hans (m) (Sweden) (b. 1928) International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA Director-General 1981, Dec 1 – 1997, Nov 30 Category 1 Blumeris, Frederick Arthur (m) Southern African Development Coordination Conference SADCC (as of 17 August 1992 South African (Zimbabwe) (b. 1940 – d. 1984) Development Community SADC) Executive Secretary 1982, Oct – 1984, Mar Category 3 Bodde, Jr., William (m) (U.S.) (b. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 1993, Feb 12 – 1994 1931) Category 3 Bodenhausen, Georg Hendrik United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property BIRPI (1970 World Intellectual Christiaan (m) (Netherlands) (b. Property Organization WIPO) Director 1963 – 1970 1905 – d. 1997) Category 3 World Intellectual Property Organization WIPO (1892 United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property BIRPI) Director General 1970 – 1973 Bodet, Jaime Torres (m) (Mexico) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO Director-General 1948, Dec 10 (b. 1902 – d. 1974) Category 2 – 1952, Dec 1 Boerma, Addeke Hendrik (m) World Food Programme WFP Executive Director 1962, May – 1967, Dec 31 (Netherlands) (b. 1912 – d. 1992) Category 2 Food and Agriculture Organization FAO Director-General 1968, Jan 1 – 1975, Dec 31 Bogsch, Árpád (m) (Hungary / U.S.) World Intellectual Property Organization WIPO (1892 United International Bureaux for the Protection of (b. 1919 – d. 2004) Category 1 Intellectual Property BIRPI) Director General 1973 – 1997, Nov Bohlin, Britt (f) (Sweden) (b. 1956) Nordic Council of Ministers Secretary-General 2014, Jan 1 – Bokova, Irina (f) (Bulgaria) (b. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO Director-General 2009, Nov 15 1952) – Bolin, Bert Rickard Johannes (m) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC Chair 1988 – 1997 (Sweden) (b. 1925 – d. 2007) Category 2 Bollard, Alan Esmond (m) (New Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 2013, Jan 1 – Zealand) (b. 1951) Bonnelame, Jérémie Émile (m) Indian Ocean Commission COI Secretary-General 1993, Jul – 1997, Jul (Seychelles) (b. 1938) Category 3 Bonnet, Henri (m) (France) (b. 1888 International Institute of Intellectual Cooperation IIIC Director 1931 – 1940 – d. 1978) Category 3 Kuehl

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Bordyuzha, Nikolay Nikolayevich Collective Security Treaty Organization CSTO Secretary-General 2003, Apr 28 – (m) (Russia) (b. 1949) Borel, Eugène (m) (Switzerland) (b. Universal Postal Union UPU Director 1875 – 1892, Jun 14 1835 – d. 1892) Category 2 Bossard, André (m) (France) (b. International Criminal Police Organization ICPO/Interpol Secretary-General 1978 – 1985 1926 – d. 2012) Category 2 Botto de Barros, Adwaldo Cardoso Universal Postal Union UPU Director-General 1985, Jan 1 – 1994, Dec 31 (m) (Brazil) (b. 1925) Category 2 Boularès, Habib (m) (Tunisia) (b. Arab Maghreb Union AMU Secretary-General 2002, Feb 26 – 2006, Feb 1 1933) Category 3 Bourne, Compton D. (m) (Guyana) Caribbean Development Bank CDB President 2001, May 1 – 2011, Apr 30 (b. 1943) Boutaleb, Abdelhadi (m) (Morocco) Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ISESCO Director-General 1982, May – (b. 1923 – d. 2009) Category 3 1991, Nov Boutros-Ghali, Boutros (m) (Egypt) United Nations UN Secretary-General 1992, Jan 1 – 1996, Dec 31 (b. 1922 – d. 2016) Category 1 International Organization of the Francophonie OIF (La Francophonie: 1970 Agency for Cultural and Technical Co-operation ACCT; 1995 Intergovernmental Agency of the Francophonie; 1998 International Organization of the Francophonie OIF) Secretary-General 1997, Nov 16 – 2002, Dec 31 Bovet, Pierre (m) (Switzerland) (b. International Bureau of Education IBE Director 1925 – 1929 1878 – d. 1965) Category 2 Boye Soto, Otto (m) (Chile) (b. ? – Latin American [and Caribbean] Economic System SELA Permanent Secretary 1999 – 2003 d. 2014) Category 3 Broadley, Sir Herbert (m) (U.K.) Food and Agriculture Organization FAO Director-General 1956, Apr 12 – 1956, Nov 26 (b. 1892 – d. 1983) (acting) Bröder, Ernest-Günther (m) European Investment Bank EIB President, 1984, Aug – 1993, Mar (Germany) (b. 1927 – d. 2013) Category 1 Brosio, Manlio (m) (Italy) (b. 1897 North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 1964, Aug 1 – 1971, Oct 1 – d. 1980) Category 1 Brown, Alan J. (m) (U.K.) (b. ?) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Commissioner- (acting) General 1979, Apr 15 – 1979, Jul 9 Browne, Bentley A. (m) (Saint Organization of Eastern Caribbean States OECS Director-General 2014, Jan 1 – 2014, Apr 30

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Vincent and the Grenadines) (b. ?) (acting) Brundtland, Gro (née Harlem) (f) World Health Organization WHO Director-General 1998, Jul 21– 2003, Jul 21 (Norway) (b. 1939) Category 1 Bryn, Kåre (m) (Norway) (b. 1944) European Free Trade Association EFTA Secretary-General 2006, Sep 1 – 2012, Aug 31 Bugotu, Francis (m) (Solomon South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1982, Jul 1 – 1986, Nov 30 Islands) (b. 1937 – d. 1992) Category 2 Bululu, Paul Lunda (m) (Zaire) (b. Economic Community of Central African States ECCAS Secretary-General 1984 – 1990 1942) Category 3 Bundu, Abass (m) (Sierra Leone) (b. Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS Executive Secretary 1989, Feb 2 – 1993, Sep 1 1948) Category 3 Burch, Dean (m) (U.S.) (b. 1927 – International Telecommunications Satellite Organization Intelsat (International Telecommunications d. 1991) Category 3 Satellite Organization Intelsat 12 February 1973; International Telecommunications Satellite Organization ITSO 18 July 2001) Director-General 1987, Apr 15 – 1991, Aug 4 Bustamante y Rivero, José Luis International Court of Justice ICJ President 1967, Apr 9 – 1970, Feb 19 (m) (Peru) (b. 1894 – d. 1989) Category 2 Bustani, Jose Mauricio de Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons OPCW Director-General 1997, May 13 – 2002, Apr Figueiredo (m) (Brazil) (b. 1945) 22 Category 1 Butler, Harold Beresford (m) International Labour Organization ILO Director of the International Labour Office 1932, Jul 1– 1938, Dec (U.K.) (b. 1883 – d. 1951) Category 31 1 Kuehl, Oxford DNB Butler, Richard E. (m) (Australia) International Telecommunication Union ITU (prev. International Telegraph Union) Secretary-General 1983, (b. 1926 – d. 2012) Category 2 Jan 1 – 1989, Oct 31 Büttner Limprich, José Ernesto Southern Common Market MERCOSUR Director of the Executive Secretariat 2006, Jan 1 – 2007, Dec 31 (m) (Paraguay) (b. ?) Category 3 Cabanes, Pierre (m) (France) (b. Latin Union LU Secretary-General 1975 – 1983 1930) Category 3 Cabrejas, Santiago Cembrano (m) Andean Community of Nations CAN General Secretary 2013, Mar 1 – 2013, Jun 17 (Colombia) (b. ?) (acting) Cahen, Alfred (m) (Belgium) (b. Western European Union WEU Secretary-General 1985, Jun 17 – 1989, May 11

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1929 – d. 2000) Category 3 Camdessus, Michel (m) (France) (b. International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 1987, Jan 16 – 2000, Feb 14 1933) Category 1 Campilli, Pietro (m) (Italy) (b. 1891 European Investment Bank EIB President, 1958, Feb – 1959, May – d. 1973) Category 2 Candau, Marcelino Gomes (m) World Health Organization WHO Director-General 1953, Jul 21 – 1973, Jul 21 (Brazil) (b. 1911 – d. 1983) Category 1 Cannegieter, Hendrik G. (m) International Meteorological Organization IMO (1950 World Meteorological Organization WMO) Chief of (Netherlands) (b. 1879 – d. 1964) the Secretariat 1928 – 1938 Category 3 Capeling-Alakija, Sharon (f) United Nations Development Fund for Women UNIFEM Executive Director 1989 – 1994 (Canada) (b. 1944 – d. 2003) Category 3 Capuñay Chávez, Juan Carlos (m) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 2008, Jan 1 – 2009, Jan 1 (Peru) (b. 1949) Category 3 Cardon, Philip Vincent (m) (U.S.) Food and Agriculture Organization FAO Director-General 1954, Feb 22 – 1956, Apr 12 (b. 1889 – d. 1965) Category 3 Caricote Lovera, Floria Maria (f) Latin American [and Caribbean] Economic System SELA Permanent Secretary 2006 – 2008 (Venezuela) (b. 1949 – d. 2009) Category 3 Carlin, James L. (m) (U.S.) (b. Intergovernmental Committee for Migration ICM (prev. Intergovernmental Committee for European 1911 – d. 2007) Category 2 Migration ICEM; 1989 International Organization for Migration IOM) Director-General 1979, Mar 1 – 1988, Sep 30 Carrington, Edwin W. (m) African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States ACP Secretary-General 1984 – 1989 (Trinidad and Tobago) (b. 1938) Category 2 Caribbean Community CARICOM (prev. Caribbean Free Trade Association CARIFTA July 1973) Secretary- General 1992, Aug 1 – 2010, December 31 Carrington, Baron Peter North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 1984, Jun 25 – 1988, Jul 1 Alexander Rupert (U.K.) (b. 1919) Category 1 Carver, Leslie J. (m) (U.K.) (b. ?) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Director 1953, (1st time acting) and (2nd time acting) Mar 7 – 1954, Jun 15

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United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Director 1958, Jun 15 – 1959, Apr 15 Casardi, Alberico (m) (Italy) (b. ?) North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 1961, Mar 4 – 1961, Apr 21 (acting) Cavalcanti, Geraldo Holanda (m) Latin Union LU Secretary-General 1997 – 2000, Dec (Brazil) (b. 1929) Category 2 Chakrabarti, Sir Suma (m) (U.K.) European Bank For Reconstruction and Development EBRD President 2012, Jul 3 – (b. 1959) Chambas, Mohamed Ibn (m) Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS Executive Secretary 2002, Feb 6 – 2007, Jan 1 (Ghana) (b. 1950) Category 1 Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS President of the Commission 2007, Jan 1 – 2010, Feb 15

African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States ACP Secretary-General 2010, Mar 1 – 2013, Mar 31 Chamberlain, Wendy Jean (f) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 2005, Feb 24 – 2005, Jun 15 (U.S.) (b. 1948) (acting) Chan, Margaret (f) (China) (b. World Health Organization WHO Director-General 2007, Jan 4 – 1947) Chan Kai Yau (m) (Singapore) (b. Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Secretary-General 1982, Jul 18 – 1984, Jul 15 1930) Category 2 Chandran, Sarat (m) (India) (b. Colombo Plan Secretary-General 1999, Apr – 2003, Jun 1953) Category 2 Chatel, Guy (m) (France) (b. 1906 – International Hydrographic Organization IHO (International Hydrographic Bureau 22 September 1970) d. 1990) Category 3 President of the Directing Committee 1967 – 1972 Chatty, Habib (m) (Tunisia) (b. Organization of the Islamic Conference OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation since 28 June 2011) 1916 – d. 1991) Category 3 Secretary-General 1979, Dec – 1984, Dec 31 Chechelashvili, Valeri (m) Organization of Black Sea Economic Cooperation BSEC (prev. Black Sea Economic Cooperation 1 May (Georgia) (b. 1961) Category 3 1999) Secretary-General 2000, May 1 – 2004, Nov Chérif, Taïeb (m) (Algeria) (b. International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO Secretary-General 2003, Aug 1 – 2009, Jul 31 1941) Category 3 Chino, Tadao (m) (Japan) (b. 1934 Asian Development Bank ADB President 1999, Jan 16 – 2005, Jan 31 – d. 2008) Category 2 Chirkov, Boris Ivanovich (m) International Organization of Space Communications Intersputnik Director General 1988 – 1992 (Soviet Union) (b. ?)

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Chisholm, George Brock (m) World Health Organization WHO Director-General 1948, Jul 21 – 1953, Jul 21 (Canada) (b. 1896 – d. 1971) Kuehl Category 1 Choi Seok Young (m) (South Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 2005, Jan 1 – 2006, Jan 1 Korea) (b. 1955) Category 3 Christensen, Søren (m) (Denmark) Nordic Council of Ministers Secretary-General 1996 – 2002 (b. ?) Category 3 Christides, Michael B. (m) (Greece) Organization of Black Sea Economic Cooperation BSEC (prev. Black Sea Economic Cooperation 1 May (b. 1949) 1999) Secretary-General 2015, Jul 1 – Chrysanthopoulos, Leonidas (m) Organization of Black Sea Economic Cooperation BSEC (prev. Black Sea Economic Cooperation 1 May (Greece) (b. 1946) Category 3 1999) Secretary-General 2006, May 1 – 2012, Jun 30 Claes, Willy (m) (Belgium) (b. North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 1994, Oct 17 – 1995, Oct 20 1938) Category 1 Clark, Helen Elizabeth (f) (New United Nations Development Programme UNDP Administrator 2009, Apr 17 – Zealand) (b. 1950) Clausen, Alden Winship (m) (U.S.) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD (World Bank) President 1981, Jul 1 – 1986, (b. 1923 – d. 2013) Category 1 Jun 30 Clemet, Fridtjov (m) (Norway) (b. Nordic Council of Ministers Secretary-General 1985 – 1992 1932) Category 3 Clos, Joan (m) (Spain) (b. 1949) United Nations Human Settlements Programme UN-HABITAT Executive Director 2010, Oct 18 – Cochran, Horace Merle (m) (U.S.) International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 1956, Oct 3 – 1956, Nov 21 (b. 1892 – d. 1973) (acting) Cole, William Sterling (m) (U.S.) International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA Director-General 1957, Oct 7 – 1961, Oct 6 (b. 1904 – d. 1987) Category 1 Colino, Richard R. (m) (U.S.) (b. International Telecommunications Satellite Organization Intelsat (International Telecommunications 1936?) Category 2 Satellite Organization Intelsat 12 February 1973; International Telecommunications Satellite Organization ITSO 18 July 2001) Director-General 1983, Dec 31 – 1986, Dec 5 Colombo Sierra, Agustín Miguel Southern Common Market MERCOSUR Director of the Executive Secretariat 2010, Jan 1 – 2011, Dec 31 (m) (Argentina) (b. 1952) Comtesse, Robert (m) United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property BIRPI (1970 World Intellectual (Switzerland) (b. 1847 – d. 1922) Property Organization WIPO) Director 1912 – 1921 Category 3 Conable Jr., Barber Benjamin (m) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD (World Bank) President 1986, Jul 1 – 1991,

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(U.S.) (b. 1922 – d. 2003) Category 2 Aug 31 Connelly, Alan Burton (m) Colombo Plan Director 1969, Jun – 1973, Aug (Canada) (b. 1908) Category 3 Contreras Baspineiro, Adalid (m) Andean Community of Nations CAN General Secretary 2010, May 7 – 2013, Feb 18 (Bolivia) (b. ?) (acting) Corea, Gamani (m) (Sri Lanka) (b. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD Secretary-General 1974, Apr 5 – 1984, 1925 – d. 2013) Category 2 Dec 31 Costa, Antonio Maria (m) (Italy) United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime UNODC Executive Director 2002, May – 2010, Jul (b. 1941) Category 2 Coulson, Sir John (m) (U.K.) (b. European Free Trade Association EFTA Secretary-General 1965, Nov 1 – 1972, May 5 1909 – d. 1997) Category 2 Cousin, Ertharin (f) (U.S.) (b. World Food Programme WFP Executive Director 2012, Apr 5 – 1957) Cozier, Frederick Lloyd (m) Caribbean Free Trade Association CARIFTA (Caribbean Community CARICOM July 1973) Secretary- (Barbados) (b. 1920) General 1968 – 1969 Crommelin, M.A. (m) (Netherlands) Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 1929 – 1947 (b. 1873 – d. 1946) Category 2 Crowdy, Rachel Eleanor (f) (U.K.) League of Nations Social Questions and Opium Traffic Section / Organization Director 1919 – 1931 (b. 1884 – d. 1964) Category 1 Kuehl, Oxford DNB Curchod, Louis (m) (Switzerland) International Telegraph Union ITU (1934 International Telecommunication Union) Director 1869, Jan 1 – (b. 1826 – d. 1889) (1st time) and (2nd 1869, Dec 8 time) Category 1 Kuehl

International Telegraph Union ITU (1934 International Telecommunication Union) Director 1873, Feb 23 – 1889, Oct 18 Curtin, Pearce William Edward Colombo Plan Director 1953, Sep – 1956, Feb (m) (Australia) (b. 1907 – d. 1997) Category 3 Cutileiro, José (m) (Portugal) (b. Western European Union WEU Secretary-General 1994, Nov 16 – 1999, Nov 24 1934) Category 3 Da Fonseca, Luís de Matos Community of Portuguese Language Countries CPLP Executive Secretary 2004, Jul 27 – 2008, Jul 25 Monteiro (m) (Cape Verde) (b. 1944) Category 3

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Dadzie, Kenneth K.S. (m) (Ghana) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD Secretary-General 1986, Jan 1 – 1994, (b. 1930 – d. 1995) Category 1 Mar 31 Daly, Brooks W. (m) (U.S.) (b. Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 2012, Jan 1 – 2012, May 31 1968) (acting) Daly, Marcus (m) (U.S.) (b. 1908 – Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration ICEM (1980 Intergovernmental Committee for d. 1969) Category 3 Migration ICM; 1989 International Organization for Migration) Director-General 1958, May 14 – 1961, Oct 3 Danet, Michel (m) (France) (b. 1941 World Customs Organization WCO (prev. Customs Cooperation Council CCC) Secretary-General 1999, Jan – d. 2009) Category 3 1 – 2008, Dec Daukoru, Edmund Maduabebe Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 2006, Jan 1 – 2006, Dec 31 (m) (Nigeria) (b. 1943) (during this time the elected President of the Conference who had the mandate to also supervise the Secretariat) Davies, Sir David Arthur (m) World Meteorological Organization WMO (prev. International Meteorological Organization IMO) Secretary- (U.K.) (b. 1913 – d. 1990) Category General 1956, Jan 1 – 1979, Dec 31 1 (acting to 1959) Dávila, Carlos (m) (Chile) (b. 1887 Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910- – d. 1955) Category 3 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 1954, Jul 31 – 1955, Oct 19 Davis, John (m) (U.S.) (b. ?) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Director and Category 2 Commissioner-General 1959, Feb 15 – 1963, Dec 31 Davis, Terry (m) (U.K.) (b. 1938) Council of Europe CoE Secretary-General 2004, Sep 1 – 2009, Sep 1 Category 2 Dayan, Édouard (m) (France) (b. Universal Postal Union UPU Director-General 2005, Jan 1 – 2012, Dec 31 1943) De Alba, Pedro (m) (Mexico) (b. Pan American Union (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1948 Organization of 1887 – d. 1960) (acting) American States) Director-General 1946, Dec 5 – 1947, May 27 De Azevêdo, Roberto Carvalho (m) World Trade Organization WTO (prev. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) Director-General 2013, Sep (Brazil) (b. 1957) 1 – De Azevedo Brito, Bernado (m) World Food Programme WFP Executive Director 1981, May 12 – 1982, Feb 24 (Brazil) (b. 1935) (acting) De Boer, Yvo (m) (Netherlands) (b. United Nations Framework Convention of Climate Change UNFCCC Executive Secretary 2006, Sep 4 – 1954) Category 2 2010, Jul 1 De Cerqueira Antúnes, António Latin American Integration Association LAIA Secretary-General 1993, Mar 20 – 1998, Nov Jose (m) (Brazil) (b. ?) Category 2 De Hoop Scheffer, Jaap (m) North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 2004, Jan 5 – 2009, Jul 31 (Netherlands) (b. 1948) Category 1

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De la Peña Navarrete, Alejandro Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 2002, Jan 1 – 2003, Jan 1 (m) (Mexico) (b. 1951) Category 3 De Larosière, Jacques Martin International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 1978, Jun 17 – 1987, Jan 15 Henri Marie (m) (France) (b. 1929) Category 1 European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EBRD President 1993, Sep 27 – 1998, Jan 31 De l’Estrac, Jean-Claude (m) Indian Ocean Commission COI Secretary-General 2012, Jul 12 – 2016, Jul 13 (Mauritius) (b. 1948) De Maria y Campos, Mauricio (m) United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNIDO Director-General 1993, Mar – 1997, Dec (Mexico) (b. 1943) Category 2 De Médicis, João Augusto (m) Community of Portuguese Language Countries CPLP Executive Secretary 2002, Aug 1 – 2004, Apr 14 (Brazil) (b. 1936 – d. 2004) Category 3 De Rato y Figaredo, Rodrigo (m) International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 2004, Jun 7 – 2007, Oct 31 (Spain) (b. 1949) Category 2 De Sélys Longchamps, Baron Customs Cooperation Council CCC (1994 World Customs Organization WCO) Secretary-General 1953, Feb François (m) (Belgium) (b. 1910 – 2 – 1953, Aug 1 d. 1958) De Soto Valderrama, Guillermo Andean Community of Nations CAN General Secretary 2002, Sep 19 – 2004, Jan 15 Roque Fernández (m) (Colombia) (b. 1953) Category 3 De Souza, Marcel Alain (m) Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS President of the Commission 2016, Apr 8 – (Benin) (b. 1953) De Vanssay de Blavous, Pierre International Hydrographic Bureau IHB (International Hydrographic Organization 22 September 1970) Marie Joseph (m) (France) (b. 1869 President of the Directing Committee 1929, Aug 20 – 1932 – d. 1947) Category 3 De Young, John E. (m) (U.S.) (b. South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1971, Feb 18 – 1971, Oct 31 1917) (acting) Decoppet, Camille (m) Universal Postal Union UPU Director 1920 – 1925, Jan 14 (Switzerland) (b. 1862 – d. 1925) Category 3 Delors, Jacques (m) (France) (b. European Community EC (prev. European Economic Community EEC 1967; European Union EU 1993) 1925) Category 1 President of the European Commission 1985, Jan 6 – 1993, Nov 1

European Union EU (prev. European Economic Community 1967; European Community 1993) President of

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the European Commission 1993, Nov 1 – 1995, Jan 5 Demas, William (m) (Trinidad and Caribbean Free Trade Association CARIFTA (Caribbean Community CARICOM July 1973) Secretary- Tobago) (b. 1929 – d. 1998) General 1969 – 1973 Category 2 Caribbean Community CARICOM (prev. Caribbean Free Trade Association CARIFTA July 1973) Secretary- General 1973 – 1974

Caribbean Development Bank CDB President 1974 – 1987 Dennis, Bengt (m) (Sweden) (b. Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 1991, Jan – 1993, 1930) Category 3 Dec Derviş, Kemal (m) (Turkey) (b. United Nations Development Programme UNDP Administrator 2005, Aug 15 – 2009, Feb 28 1949) Category 2 Dev, Sushil K. (m) (India) (b. 1907 World Food Programme WFP Executive Director 1968, Jan 1 – 1968, Aug 1 – d. ?) (acting) Dharsono, Hartono (m) (Indonesia) Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Secretary-General 1976, Jun 7 – 1978, Feb 18 (b. 1925 – d. 1996) Category 3 Dhiyana Saeed, Fathimath (f) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 2011, Mar 1 – 2012, Jan 22 (Maldives) (b. 1974) Category 3 Diallo, Issa Ben Yassin (m) Economic Commission for Africa UN ECA Executive Secretary 1991 – 1992 (Guinea) (b. 1939) Category 2 Diaz Pereira, Ramón Antero (m) Southern Common Market MERCOSUR Director of the Executive Secretariat 1998, Jan 1 – 2000, Dec 31 (Paraguay) (b. ?) Category 2 Dicenta Ballester, José Luis (m) Latin Union LU Secretary-General 2009, Jan 1 – 2012, Jul 31 (Spain) (b. 1937) Dickerson, Glenn R. (m) (U.S.) (b. Customs Cooperation Council CCC (1994 World Customs Organization WCO) Secretary-General 1984, Jan 1 ?) Category 3 – 1988, Dec 31 Dieng, Diakha (m) (Senegal) (b. Common African and Malagasy Organization OCAM [Organisation Commune Africaine et Mauricienne] 1933) Category 3 (prev. African and Malagasy Union for Economic Cooperation UAMCE 12 February 1965; Common African, Malagasy, and Mauritanian Common Organization OCAMM 1970; Common African and Mauritanian Organization OCAM 1973) Secretary-General 1965 – 1968 Diouf, Abdou (m) (Senegal) (b. International Organization of the Francophonie OIF (La Francophonie: 1970 Agency for Cultural and 1935) Category 3 Technical Co-operation ACCT; 1995 Intergovernmental Agency of the Francophonie; 1998 International Organization of the Francophonie OIF) Secretary-General 2003, Jan 1 – 2014, Dec 31

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Diouf, Jacques (m) (Senegal) (b. Food and Agriculture Organization FAO Director-General 1994, Jan 1 – 2011, Dec 31 1938) Category 1 Dlamini-Zuma, Nkosazana African Union AU Chairperson of the Commission 2012, Oct 15 – Clarence (f) (South Africa) (b. 1949) Dodd, Norris Edward (m) (U.S.) (b. Food and Agriculture Organization FAO Director-General 1948, Jun 7 – 1954, Feb 21 1879 – d. 1968) Category 1 Kuehl D’Offay, Callixte (m) (Seychelles) Indian Ocean Commission COI Secretary-General 2008, Jul 15 – 2012, Jul 12 (b. 1950) Dorji, Kinley (m) (Bhutan) (b. ?) Colombo Plan Secretary-General 2014, May 2 – Dorji, Lyonpo Chenkyab (m) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 2005, Mar 1 – 2008, Feb 29 (Bhutan) (b. 1943) Category 2 Dowdswell, Elizabeth (f) (Canada) United Nations Environment Programme UNEP Executive Director 1993, Jan 1 – 1998, Mar 31 (b. 1945) Category 2 Draper, William Henry III (m) United Nations Development Programme UNDP Administrator 1986 – 1993 (U.S.) (b. 1928) Category 2 Drummond, Sir James Eric (m) League of Nations Secretary-General 1920, Jan 10 – 1933, Jul 3 (U.K.) (b. 1876 – d. 1951) Category Kuehl 1 Duisenberg, Willem Frederik (m) Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 1988, Jan – 1990, (Netherlands) (b. 1935 – d. 2005) Dec and 1994, Jan – 1997, Jun Category 2 Dun, Robert B. (m) (Australia) (b. South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1996, Jan 8 – 1997, Feb 6 1930) Category 3 Pacific Community (prev. South Pacific Commission SPC) Director-General 1997, Feb 6 – 2000, Jan 5 Dunkel, Arthur (m) (Switzerland) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GATT (1995 World Trade Organization) Director-General 1980, (b. 1932 – d. 2005) Category 1 Oct 1 – 1993, Jul 1 Ehlers Zurita, Frederico (m) Andean Community of Nations CAN General Secretary 2007, Feb 1 – 2010, May 7 (Ecuador) (b. 1945) Category 2 Einaudi, Luigi R. (m) (U.S.) (b. Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910 – 1936) (acting) 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 2004, Oct 15 – 2005, May 26 Ekangaki, Nzo (m) (Cameroon) (b. Organization of African Unity OAU (2002 African Union) Secretary-General 1972, Jun 15 – 1974, Jun 16 1934 – d. 2005) Category 2 Eklund, Sigvard (m) (Sweden) (b. International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA Director-General 1961, Oct 6 – 1981, Nov 30

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1911 – d. 2000) Category 2 Ekstrand, Eric Einar (m) (Sweden) League of Nations Social Questions Section / Organization Director 1931 – 1939 (b. 1880 – d. 1958) Category 3 El Gizouli, Ismail Abdel Rahim Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC Chair 2015, Feb 24 – 2015, Oct 6 (m) (Sudan) (b. ?) (acting) Elaraby, Nabil (m) (Egypt) (b. Arab League Secretary-General 2011, Jul 1 – 2016, Jul 1 1935) also known as Al-Arabi and El-Arabi El-Badri, Abdalla Salem (m) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1994, Jul 1 – 1994, Dec 31 (Libya) (b. 1940) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 2007, Jan 1 – 2016, Jul 31 El-Badri, Omar (m) (Libya) (b. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1970, Jan 1 – 1970, Dec 31 1937) El-Baradei, Muhammad (m) International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA Director-General 1997, Dec 1 – 2009, Nov 30 (Egypt) (b. 1942) Category 1 Nobel Prize El-Beblawi, Hazem (m) (Egypt) (b. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia UN ESCWA (prev. Economic Commission for Western ?) Category 3 Asia UN ECWA July 1985) Executive Secretary 1995 – 2000 Elias, Taslim Olawale (m) (Nigeria) International Court of Justice ICJ President 1981, Aug 15 – 1985, Feb 14 (b. 1914 – d. 1991) (acting to 25 Feb 1982) Category 2 El-Yachroutu Mohamed, Caabi Indian Ocean Commission COI Secretary-General 1997, Jul – 2001, Jul 31 (m) (Comoros) (b. 1948?) Category 3 Emerson, Herbert William (m) Inter-Governmental Committee on Refugees IGCR Director 1939, Apr – 1947, Jul 1 (U.K.) (b. 1881 – d. 1962) Category Oxford DNB 3 League of Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 1939, Jan 1 – 1946, Dec 31 Escalante, Álvaro Fernández (m) Organization of Central American States ODECA Secretary-General 1972 – 1973 (Costa Rica) (b. ?) (interim) Esoavelomandroso, Monique Indian Ocean Commission COI Secretary-General 2004, Jul 1 – 2008, Jul 15 Andreas (f) (Madagascar) (b. 1945) Category 3 Espinosa, Patricia (f) (Mexico) (b. United Nations Framework Convention of Climate Change UNFCCC Executive Secretary 2016, Jul 18 – 1958)

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Essy, Amara (m) (Côte d’Ivoire) (b. Organization of African Unity OAU (2002 African Union) Secretary-General 2001, Sep 17 – 2002, Jul 9 1944) Category 2 African Union AU (prev. Organization of African Unity) Chairman of the Commission 2002, Jul 9 – 2003, Sep 16 Eteki Mboumoua, William (m) Organization of African Unity OAU (2002 African Union) Secretary-General 1974, Jun 16 – 1978, Jul 21 (Cameroon) (b. 1933) Category 2 Étienne, Henri (m) (Switzerland) (b. International Telegraph Union ITU (1934 International Telecommunication Union) Director 1921, Aug 2 – 1862 – d. 1927) Category 3 1927, Dec 16 Evans, Luther Harris (m) (U.S.) (b. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO Director-General 1953, Jul 4 – 1902 – d. 1981) Category 2 1958, Dec 4 Fadeyev, Nikolay Vasilyevich (m) Council for Mutual Economic Assistance CMEA (COMECON) Secretary-General 1958, May 20 – (Soviet Union) (b. 1911) Category 2 1983, Oct 20 Faki Mahamat, Moussa (m) Chad) African Union AU (prev. Organization of African Unity) Chairperson of the Commission 2017, Jan 13 – (b. 1960) Fedotov, Yuri Viktorovich (m) United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime UNODC Executive Director 2010, Jul 9 – (Russia) (b. 1947) Fekete, György (m) (Hungary) (b. ?) Danube Commission Director-General 1972 – 1978 Category 3 Fernández de Gurmendi, Silvia (f) International Criminal Court President 2015, Mar 11 – (Argentina) (b. 1954) Fernández Estigarribia, José Félix Latin American Integration Association LAIA Secretary-General 2009, Aug 19 – 2011, Sep 1 (m) (Paraguay) (b. 1941) Fernández Reyes, Jorge Enrique Southern Common Market MERCOSUR Director of the Executive Secretariat 1997, Jan 1 – 1998, Dec 31 (m) (Uruguay) (b. ?) Category 3 Feyide, M.O. (m) (Nigeria) (b. 1926 Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1975, Jan 1 – 1976, Dec 31 – d. 1997) Category 3 Figgures, Frank Edward (m) European Free Trade Association EFTA Secretary-General 1960, Sep 1 – 1965, Oct 31 (U.K.) (b. 1910 – d. 1990) Category 3 Figueres Olsen, Karen Christiana United Nations Framework Convention of Climate Change UNFCCC Executive Secretary 2010, Jul 1 – (f) (Costa Rica) (b. 1956) Category 1 2016, Jul 6 Firyubin, Nikolay Pavlovich (m) Warsaw Treaty Organization (Warsaw Pact) Secretary-General of the Political Consultative Committee 1960 (Soviet Union) (b. 1908 – d. 1983) – 1983, Feb 12

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Category 2 Fischer, Stanley (m) (U.S.) (b. International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 2000, Feb 14 – 2000, May 1 1943) (acting) Category 3 Fordwor, Kwame Donkor (m) African Development Bank AfDB President 1976, Sep – 1979, Jul (Ghana) (b. 1933) Category 3 Formentini, Paride (m) (Italy) (b. European Investment Bank EIB President, 1959, Jun – 1970, Sep 1899 – d. 1976) Category 2 Forsyth, William Douglass (m) South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1948, Nov 1 – 1951, Jun 3 (Australia) (b. 1909 – d. 1993) (1st nd time) and (2 time) Category 3 South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1963, Mar 24 – 1966, Dec 31 Fortin, Carlos (m) (Chile) (b. 1940) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD Secretary-General 1994, Apr 1 – 1995, (1st time acting) and (2nd time acting) Sep 14 Category 3 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD Secretary-General 2004, Sep 15 – 2005, Aug 31 Fraga Iribarne, Manuel (m) Latin Union LU Secretary-General 1954 – 1975 (Spain) (b. 1922 – d. 2012) Category 2 Franchet, Regis (m) (Mauritius) (b. Common African and Mauritanian Organization OCAM [Organisation Commune Africaine et ?) Mauricienne] (prev. African and Malagasy Union for Economic Cooperation UAMCE 12 February 1965; Common African, Malagasy, and Mauritanian Common Organization OCAMM 1970; Common African and Mauritanian Organization OCAM 1973) Secretary-General 1974 François, Jean Pierre Adrien (m) Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 1954 – 1968 (Netherlands) (b. 1889 – d. 1978) Category 2 Frangialli, Francesco (m) (France) World Tourism Organization UNWTO Secretary-General 1996, Sep 1 – 2009, Feb 28 (b. 1947) (acting to 31 Dec 1997) Frank, Charles (m) (U.S.) (b. 1937) European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EBRD President 1998, Jan 31 – 1998, Sep 1 (1st time acting) and (2nd time acting) Category 3 European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EBRD President 2000, Apr 18 – 2000, Jul 3 Frank, Richard (m) (U.S.) (b. 1936) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD (World Bank) President 1995, May 4 – (acting) 1995, Jun 1 Fraser, Francis L. (m) (India) (b. International Hydrographic Organization IHO (International Hydrographic Bureau 22 September 1970) 1925 – d. 1990) Category 3 President of the Directing Committee 1982 – 1987

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Fraser, Leon (m) (U.S.) (b. 1897 – Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 1933, May 8 – 1935, d. 1945) Category 3 May 13 Freeman, Ron (m) (U.S.) (b. 1939) European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EBRD President 1993, Jul 16 – 1993, Sep 27 (acting) Freeston, Sir Leslie Brian (m) South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1951, Nov 12 – 1954, Nov 12 (U.K.) (b. 1892 – d. 1958) Category 3 Frère, Maurice (m) (Belgium) (b. Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board 1946, Jun – 1948, Jun 1890 – d. 1970) Category 1 Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 1948, Jun – 1958, Jun Frey, August (m) (Switzerland) (b. International Telegraph Union ITU (1934 International Telecommunication Union) Director 1890, Feb 25 – 1831 – d. 1890) 1890, Jun 28 Frey, Emil (m) (Switzerland) (b. International Telegraph Union ITU (1934 International Telecommunication Union) Director 1897, Mar 11 – 1838 – d. 1922) Category 2 1921, Aug 1 Friis Bach, Christian (m) (Demark) Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Executive Secretary 2014, Jul 9 – (b. 1966) Fuentes Hernández, Alfredo Luis Andean Community of Nations CAN General Secretary 2006, Jul 28 – 2007, Feb 1 (m) (Colombia) (b. ?) (acting) Fujioka, Masao (m) (Japan) (b. Asian Development Bank ADB President 1981, Nov 24 – 1989, Nov 23 1924) Category 2 Furrer, Reinhold (m) (Switzerland) Universal Postal Union UPU Director 1938 – 1944, Nov 18 (b. 1875 – d. 1944) Category 3 Garbani-Nerini, Evaristo (m) Universal Postal Union UPU Director 1925 – 1937 (Switzerland) (b. 1867 – d. 1944) Category 3 Gardiner, Robert Kweku Atta (m) Economic Commission for Africa UN ECA Executive Secretary 1961 – 1975, Mar (Ghana) (b. 1914 – d. 1994) Category 1 Gauthier, Raymond (m) (b.1885 – League of Nations Health Section / Organization Director 1939, Feb – 1946, Jul d. 1957) (acting) Gavahi, Abdolrahim (m) (Iran) (b. Economic Cooperation Organization ECO (prev. Regional Cooperation for Development) Secretary-General 1944) Category 3 2000, Aug – 2002, Jul Gaviria Trujillo, César Augusto Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910- (m) (Colombia) (b. 1947) Category 2 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 1994, Sep 15 – 2004, Sep 15

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Gaye, Amadou Karim (m) Organization of the Islamic Conference OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation since 28 June 2011) (Senegal) (b. 1913 – d. 2000) Secretary-General 1975, Dec – 1979, Dec Category 3 Gbeho, James Victor (m) (Ghana) Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS President of the Commission 2010, Feb 16 – 2012, (b. 1935) Feb 28 Gee, John (m) (Australia) (b. 1944 – Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons OPCW Director-General– 2002, Apr 22 – 2002, Jul d. 2007) (acting) 25 Giacomelli, Giorgio (m) (Italy) (b. United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Commissioner- 1930) Category 3 General 1985, Nov 1 – 1991, Feb 28 Gibson, Hugh Simons (m) (U.S.) (b. Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration ICEM (1980 Intergovernmental Committee for 1883 – d. 1954) Category 3 Migration ICM; 1989 International Organization for Migration) Director-General 1952, Jun 10 – 1954, Dec 12 Kuehl Girvan, Norman (m) (Jamaica) (b. Association of Caribbean States ACS Secretary-General 2000 – 2004 1941 – d. 2014) Category 3 Goad, Sir Edward Colin Viner (m) Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization IMCO (1982: International Maritime Organization) (U.K.) (b. 1914 – d. 1998) Category Secretary-General 1968, Jan 1 – 1973, Dec 31 2 Godeaux, Jean (m) (Belgium) (b. Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 1985, Jan – 1987, 1922 – d. 2009) Category 3 Dec Goffin, Louis (m) (Belgium) (b. Western European Union WEU Secretary-General 1955, May 7 – 1962, Dec 14 1904 – d. 1975) Category 2 Goldstein, Irving (m) (U.S.) (b. International Telecommunications Satellite Organization Intelsat (International Telecommunications 1938 – d. 2000) Category 3 Satellite Organization Intelsat 12 February 1973; International Telecommunications Satellite Organization ITSO 18 July 2001) Director-General 1992, Feb 24 – 1998, Oct 23 Gomes, Patrick Ignatius (m) African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States ACP Secretary-General 2015, Mar 1 – (Guyana) (b. 1941) Gondwe, Goodall Edward (m) African Development Bank AfDB President 1979 – 1980 (Malawi) (b. 1936) (interim) González, Norberto (m) (Argentina) Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean UN ECLAC (prev. Economic Commission for (b. 1925) Category 3 Latin America UN ECLA) Executive Secretary 1985, Mar – 1987, Dec González Cravino, Santiago J. (m) Southern Common Market MERCOSUR Director of the Executive Secretariat 2001, Jan 1 – 2002, Dec 31 (Argentina) (b. ?) Category 3 Goodwin, George (m) (Antigua and Organization of Eastern Caribbean States OECS Director-General 2001, Jul 31 – 2003, May 12

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Barbuda) (b. 194? – d. 2009) (acting) Gordillo Fernández, Alejandro Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization ACTO Secretary-General 2011, Mar 1 – 2012, Jun 30 Alfredo (m) (Peru) (b. ?) Goulongana, Jean-Robert (m) African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States ACP Secretary-General 2000, Mar 1 – 2005, Feb 28 (Gabon) (b. 1953) Category 3 Grace, Warren (m) (Australia) (b. International Maritime Satellite Organization INMARSAT (as of 15 April 1999 International Mobile ?) Category 3 Satellite Organization IMSO) Director-General 1995 – 1999, Apr 15 Graham, William (m) (U.K.) (b. Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization IMCO (1982: International Maritime Organization) 1894 – d. 1981) (acting) Secretary-General 1961, Nov 20 – 1963, Jan 10 Grandi, Filippo (m) (Italy) (b. 1957) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Commissioner- (acting to 20 Jan 2010) General 2010, Jan 1 – 2014, Mar 29

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 2016, Jan 1 – Grant, James Pineo (m) (U.S.) (b. United Nations Children’s Fund UNICEF (prev. UN International Children’s Emergency Fund) Executive 1922 – d. 1995) Category 1 Director 1980, Jan 1 – 1995, Jan 23 Graziano da Silva, José (m) (Brazil) Food and Agriculture Organization FAO Director-General 2012, Jan 1 – (b. 1949) Greenidge, Carl B. (m) (Guyana) African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States ACP Secretary-General 1994 – 1996 (b. 1949) (interim) Gris, Gabriel (m) (Papua New South Pacific Forum SPF (2000 Pacific Islands Forum) Director of the South Pacific Bureau for Economic Guinea) (b. 1941 – d. 1982) Category Cooperation 1980 – 1982 3 Gross, Gerald C. (m) (U.S.) (b. International Telecommunication Union ITU (prev. International Telegraph Union) Secretary-General 1958, 1903 – d. 1971) (acting to 1 Jan Jun 20 – 1965, Oct 29 1960) Category 3 Grynspan Mayufis, Rebeca (f) Ibero-American Cooperation Secretariat SEGIB Secretary-General 2014, Apr 1 – (Costa Rica) (b. 1955) Guarnieri, Roberto (m) Latin American [and Caribbean] Economic System SELA Permanent Secretary 2003 – 2006; (Venezuela) (b. ?) Category 3 Latin American [and Caribbean] Economic System SELA Permanent Secretary 2013, Feb – Guerrero, José Gustavo (m) (El Permanent Court of International Justice PCJI President 1936 – 1946 Salvador) (b. 1876 – d. 1958) Category 1 International Court of Justice ICJ President 1946 – 1949

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Guillaume, Gilbert (m) (France) (b. International Court of Justice ICJ President 2000, Feb 7 – 2003, Feb 6 1930) Category 3 Gurría Treviño, José Ángel (m) Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD (prev. Organization for European (Mexico) (b. 1950) Economic Cooperation) Secretary-General 2006, Jun 1 – Gurry, Francis (m) (Australia) (b. World Intellectual Property Organization WIPO (1892 United International Bureaux for the Protection of 1951) Intellectual Property BIRPI) Director General 2008, Oct 1 – Gürün, Kamuran (m) (Turkey) (b. Central Treaty Organization CENTO Secretary-General 1978, Mar 31 – 1979 1924 – d. 2004) Category 3 Guterres, António (m) (Portugal) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 2005, Jun 15 – 2015, Dec 31 (b. 1949) United Nations UN Secretary-General 2017, Jan 1 – Gutt, Camille Adolphe (m) International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 1946, May 6 – 1951, May 5 (Belgium) (b. 1884 – d. 1971) Kuehl Category 1 Haas, Robert (m) (France) (b. 1890 League of Nations Communications and Transit Section / Organization Director 1931, Jan 1 – 1935, Nov 3 – d. 1935) Category 3 Hackworth, Green Haywood (m) International Court of Justice ICJ President 1955, Feb 9 – 1958, Feb 5 (U.S.) (b. 1883 – d. 1973) Category 3 Halachev, Kirill (m) (Bulgaria) (b. Danube Commission Director-General 1953 – 1960 ?) Category 3 Halinen, Hannu (m) (Finland) (b. Council of the Baltic Sea States CBSS Director-General 2002, Sep 15 – 2005, Sep 1 1947) Category 3 Hallstein, Walter (m) (West European Economic Community EEC (European Community EC 1967; European Union EU 1993) President Germany) (b. 1901 – d. 1982) of the European Commission 1958, Jan 31 – 1967, Jun 30 Category 1 Hamdok, Abdalla (m) (Sudan) (b. Economic Commission for Africa UN ECA Executive Secretary 2016, Nov 1 – ?) (acting) Hammarskjöld, Dag (m) (Sweden) United Nations UN Secretary-General 1953, Apr 10 – 1961, Sep 18 (b. 1905 – d. 1961) Category 1 Kuehl, Nobel Prize Hampton, John D. (m) (Australia) International Telecommunications Satellite Organization Intelsat (International Telecommunications (b. ?) (1st time acting) and (2nd time Satellite Consortium until 12 February 1973; International Telecommunications Satellite Organization ITSO 18 acting) July 2001) Director-General 1986, Dec 5 – 1987, Apr 15

International Telecommunications Satellite Organization Intelsat (International Telecommunications

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Satellite Consortium until 12 February 1973; International Telecommunications Satellite Organization ITSO 18 July 2001) Director-General Aug 4, 1991 – 1992, Feb 4 Hannah, Timothy James (m) (New Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 1999, Jan 4 – 2000, Jan 4 Zealand) (b. 1939) Category 3 Hansen, Peter (m) (Denmark) (b. United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Commissioner- 1941) Category 2 General 1996, Mar 1 – 2005, Mar 31 Hansenne, Michel (m) (Belgium) (b. International Labour Organization ILO Director-General of the International Labour Office 1989, Mar 3 – 1940) Category 1 1999, Mar 3 Hartling, Poul (m) (Denmark) (b. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 1978 – 1985 1914 – d. 2000) Category 1 Hasan, Naeem U. (m) (Pakistan) (b. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 1996, Jan 1 – 1998, Dec 31 1941) Category 3 Haslam, Sir David (m) (U.K.) (b. International Hydrographic Organization IHO (International Hydrographic Bureau 22 September 1970) 1923 – d. 2009) Category 3 President of the Directing Committee 1987 – 1992 Hassouna, Abdul Khaliq (m) Arab League Secretary-General 1952, Sep – 1972, Jun 1 (Egypt) (b. 1898 – d. 1992) Category 2 Haveman, Bastiaan Wouter (m) Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration ICEM (1980 Intergovernmental Committee for (Netherlands) (b. 1903 – d. 1979) Migration ICM; 1989 International Organization for Migration) Director-General 1961, Oct 27 – 1969, Feb 8 Category 2 Hayes, Thomas Plunkett (m) Customs Cooperation Council CCC (1994 World Customs Organization WCO) Secretary-General 1989, Jan 1 (Australia) (b. ?) Category 2 – 1993, Dec 31 Heisbourg, Georges (m) Western European Union WEU Secretary-General 1971, Jan 1 – 1974, Sep 30 (Luxembourg) (b. 1918) Category 2 Herdocia Sacasa, Mauricio Ramón Central American Integration System SICA Secretary-General 2000, Jan 1 – 2000, Jun 30 (m) (Nicaragua) (b. 1958) (interim) Hernández Grisanti, Arturo (m) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1986, Jan 1 – 1986, Jun 30 (during (Venezuela) (b. 1927 – d. 2008) this time the elected President of the Conference who had the mandate to also supervise the Secretariat) (acting) Herrera Cáceres, Hector Roberto Central American Integration System SICA Secretary-General 1993, Feb 1 – 1997, Jan 15 (m) (Honduras) (b. 1943) Category 2 Herrera Lane, Luis Felipe (m) Inter-American Development Bank IADB President 1960, Feb 5 – 1971, Feb 28 (Chile) (b. 1922 – d. 1996) Category

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2 Heseltine, Colin S. (m) (Australia) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 2007, Jan 1 – 2008, Jan 1 (b. 1947) Category 3 Hess, Fritz (m) (Switzerland) (b. Universal Postal Union UPU Director 1950 – 1960 1895 – d. 1970) Category 3 Heyzer, Noeleen (f) (Singapore) (b. United Nations Development Fund for Women UNIFEM Executive Director 1994 – 2007 ?) Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific UN ESCAP (Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East UN ECAFE until January 1974) Executive Secretary 2007 – 2014 Higgins, Dame Rosalyn (f) (U.K.) International Court of Justice ICJ President 2006, Feb 6 – 2009, Feb 6 (b. 1937) Category 2 Hinteregger, Gerald (m) (Austria) Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Executive Secretary 1987 – 1993 (b. 1928 – d. 2013) Category 3 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 1989, Nov 1 – 1989, Dec 31 Hocké, Jean-Pierre (m) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 1986 – 1989 (Switzerland) (b. 1938) Category 2 Hoffman, Paul Gray (m) (U.S.) (b. United Nations Special Fund Managing Director 1959 – 1965 1891 – d. 1974) Category 1 Kuehl, American National Biography

United Nations Development Programme UNDP Administrator 1966, Jan – 1972 Hoffmann, Wolfgang (m) Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization CTBTO Executive Secretary 1997, Mar 17 – 2005, (Germany) (b. 1953) Category 3 Aug 1 Höhn, Edmond (m) (Switzerland) Universal Postal Union UPU Director 1893 – 1899, Jan 30 (b. 1838 – d. 1899) Category 2 Holtrop, Marius Wilhelm (m) Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 1958, Jun – 1967, (Netherlands) (b. 1902 – d. 1988) Jun Category 2 How, Tay Bian (m) (Malaysia) (b. ?) Colombo Plan Secretary-General 2013, Nov 28 – 2014, May 2 (acting) Høybråten, Dagfinn (m) (Norway) Nordic Council of Ministers Secretary-General 2013, Mar 4 – (b. 1957) Hoyer, Werner (m) (Germany) (b. European Investment Bank EIB President, 2012, Jan 1 – 1951)

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Höynck, Wilhelm (m) (Germany) Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe CSCE / Organization for Security and Cooperation in (b. 1933) Category 3 Europe OSCE (as of 1 Jan 1995) Secretary-General 1993, Jun 15 – 1996, Jun 15 Huber, Johannes (Jan) (m) Antarctic Treaty Executive Secretary 2004, Sep 1 – 2009, Sep 1 (Netherlands) (b. 1947) Category 2 Huber, Max (m) (Switzerland) (b. Permanent Court of International Justice PCJI President 1925 – 1927 1874 – d. 1960) Category 2 Hübner, Danuta (f) (Poland) (b. Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Executive Secretary 2000 – 2001 1948) Category 3 Hurst, Sir Cecil James Barrington Permanent Court of International Justice PCJI President 1934 – 1936 (m) (U.K.) (b. 1870 – d. 1963) Oxford DNB Category 2 Hussein, Bishar Abdirahman (m) Universal Postal Union UPU Director-General 2013, Jan 1 – (Kenya) (b. ?) Huxley, Sir Julian Sorell (m) (U.K.) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO Director-General 1946, Dec 6 (b. 1887 – d. 1975) Category 1 – 1948, Dec 9 Kuehl, Oxford DNB Idris, Kamil Eltayed (m) (Sudan) World Intellectual Property Organization WIPO (1892 United International Bureaux for the Protection of (b. 1954) Category 2 Intellectual Property BIRPI) Director General 1997, Nov 1 – 2008, Sep 30 Iglesias, Enrique Valentin (m) Economic Commission for Latin America UN ECLA / July 1984 Economic Commission for Latin America (Uruguay; Spain) (b. 1930) Category and the Caribbean UN ECLAC Executive Secretary 1972, Apr – 1985, Feb 2 Inter-American Development Bank IADB President 1988, Apr 1 – 2005, Sep 30

Ibero-American Cooperation Secretariat SEGIB Secretary-General 2005, Oct 1 – 2014, Apr 1 Ihsanoglu, Ekmeleddin (m) Organization of the Islamic Conference OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation since 28 June 2011) (Turkey) (b. 1943) Secretary-General 2005, Jan 1 – 2011, Jun 28

Organization of Islamic Cooperation OIC (prev. Organization of the Islamic Conference since 28 June 2011) Secretary General 2011, Jun 28 – 2013, Dec 31 Imanaliyev, Muratbek Shanghai Cooperation Organization SCO Secretary-General 2010, Jan 21 – 2012, Dec 31 Sansyzbayevich (m) (Kyrgyzstan) (b. 1956) Imanishi, Shojiro (m) (Japan) (b. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 1995 – 1996 1940) Category 3

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Ingevics, Erik (m) (Australia) (b. Colombo Plan Director 1982, Jan – 1985, Feb 1929) Category 3 Ingram, James Charles (m) World Food Programme WFP Executive Director 1982, Apr 5 – 1992, Apr 1 (Australia) (b. 1928) Category 1 Inoue, Shiro (m) (Japan) (b. 1915 – Asian Development Bank ADB President 1972, Nov 25 – 1976, Nov 23 d. 2010) Category 3 Insulza, José Miguel (m) (Chile) (b. Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901– 910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910 – 1943) 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 2005, May 26 – 2015, May 26 Ishmael, Len (f) (Saint Lucia) (b. ?) Organization of Eastern Caribbean States OECS Director-General 2003, May 12 – 2013, Dec 31 Ismail, Amri Sueed (m) (Rwanda) Common African and Mauritanian Organization OCAM [Organisation Commune Africaine et (b. 1942) Category 3 Mauricienne] (prev. African and Malagasy Union for Economic Cooperation UAMCE 12 February 1965; Common African, Malagasy, and Mauritanian Common Organization OCAMM 1970; Common African and Mauritanian Organization OCAM 1973) Secretary-General 1979 – 1985 Ismay, Baron Hastings Lionel (m) North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 1952, Apr 4 – 1957, May 16 (U.K.) (b. 1887 – d. 1965) Category Oxford DNB 2 Ivanov, Mariy Antonov (m) Warsaw Treaty Organization (Warsaw Pact) Secretary-General of the Political Consultative Committee (Bulgaria) (b. c.1919 – d. 1997) 1985, Oct – 1989 Category 3 Iweins d’Eeckhoutte, Maurice (m) Western European Union WEU Secretary-General 1962, Dec 15 – 1970, Dec 31 (Belgium) (b. 1904 – d. 1971) Category 3 Jaber, Tayseer Abdel (m) (Jordan) Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia UN ESCWA (prev. Economic Commission for Western (b. 1940) Category 3 Asia UN ECWA July 1985) Executive Secretary 1989-1993 Jacobsen, Pierre (m) (France) (b. Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration ICEM (1980 Intergovernmental Committee for 1917 – d. 1957) (acting) Migration ICM; 1989 International Organization for Migration) Director-General 1954, Dec – 1955, May 3 Jacobsson, Per (m) (Sweden) (b. International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 1956, Nov 21 – 1963, May 5 1894 – d. 1963) Category 1 Kuehl Jacomet, Arnaud (m) (France) (b. Western European Union WEU Secretary-General 2009, Nov 25 – 2011, Jun 30 1946 – d. 2011) Jagland, Thorbjørn (m) (Norway) Council of Europe CoE Secretary-General 2009, Sep 1 – (b. 1950) Jaidah, Ali M. (m) (Qatar) (b. 1941) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1977, Jan 1 – 1978, Dec 31

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

Janneh, Abdoulie (m) (Gambia) (b. Economic Commission for Africa UNECA Executive Secretary 2005 – 2012 ?) Japaridze, Tedo (m) (Georgia) (b. Organization of Black Sea Economic Cooperation BSEC (prev. Black Sea Economic Cooperation 1 May 1946) Category 3 1999) Secretary-General 2004, Nov – 2005, Apr 30 Jaroszek, Henryk (m) (Poland) (b. Warsaw Treaty Organization (Warsaw Pact) Secretary-General of the Political Consultative Committee 1926 – d. 2015) 1987, May 29 – 1988, Jul 16 Jarraud, Michel (m) (France) (b. World Meteorological Organization WMO (prev. International Meteorological Organization IMO) Secretary- 1952) General 2004, Jan 1 – 2015, Dec 31 Jazairy, Idriss (m) (Algeria) (b. International Fund for Agricultural Development IFAD President 1984, Nov – 1993, Jan 1936) Category 2 Jean, Michaëlle (f) (Canada) (b. International Organization of the Francophonie OIF (La Francophonie: 1970 Agency for Cultural and 1957) Technical Co-operation ACCT; 1995 Intergovernmental Agency of the Francophonie; 1998 International Organization of the Francophonie OIF) Secretary-General 2015, Jan 1 – Jebb, Sir Gladwyn (m) (U.K.) United Nations UN Secretary-General 1945, Oct 24 – 1946, Jan 29 (acting) (b. 1900 – d. 1996) Category Oxford DNB 2 Jenkins, Roy (m) (U.K.) (b. 1920 – European Community EC (prev. European Economic Community EEC 1967; European Union EU 1993) d. 2003) Category 2 President of the European Commission 1977, Jan 11 – 1981, Jan 5 Oxford DNB Jenks, Clarence Wilfred (m) (U.K.) International Labour Organization ILO Director-General of the International Labour Office 1970, Jun 1 – (b. 1909 – d. 1973) Category 1 1973, Oct 9 Kuehl Jennings, Sir Robert Yewdall (m) International Court of Justice ICJ President 1991, Feb 7 – 1994, Feb 7 (U.K.) (b. 1913 – d. 2004) Category 2 Jiménez de Aréchaga, Eduardo International Court of Justice ICJ President 1976, Feb 12 – 1979, Feb 23 (m) (Uruguay) (b. 1918 – d. 1994) Category 2 Jóhannesson, Magnús (m) (Iceland) Arctic Council Director 2013, Feb 1 – (b. 1942) Jóhannsson, Kjartan (m) (Iceland) European Free Trade Association EFTA Secretary-General 1994, Sep 1 – 2000, Aug 31 (b. 1939) Category 3 Johnston, Donald James (m) Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD (prev. Organization for European

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

(Canada) (b. 1936) Category 1 Economic Cooperation) Secretary-General 1996, Jun 1 – 2006, May 31 Jonassen, Jon (m) (Cook Islands) South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1989, Jan 1 – 1989, Jun 15 (b. 1949) (acting) Jonkman, Pieter Jan Hans (m) Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 1990 – 1999 (Netherlands) (b. 1925) Category 3 Joukhdar, Muhammad Saleh (m) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1967, Jan 1 – 1967, Dec 31 (Saudi Arabia) (b. 1932) Jules, Didacus (m) (Saint Lucia) (b. Organization of Eastern Caribbean States OECS Director-General 2014, May 1 – 1956) Juncker, Jean-Claude (m) European Union EU (prev. European Economic Community 1967; European Community 1993) President of (Luxembourg) (b. 1954) the European Commission 2014, Nov 1 – Kabbaj, Omar (m) (Morocco) (b. African Development Bank AfDB President 1995, Aug – 2005, Aug 31 1942) Category 2 Kaberuka, Donald (m) African Development Bank AfDB President 2005, Sep 1 – 2015, Aug 31 (Rwanda) (b. 1951) Kahn-Ackermann, Georg (m) Council of Europe CoE Secretary-General 1974, Sep 17 – 1979, Sep 17 (West Germany) (b. 1918 – d. 2008) Category 3 Kakakhel, Shafqat (m) (Pakistan) United Nations Environment Programme UNEP Executive Director 2006, Apr 1 – 2006, Jun 14 (b. ?) (acting) Kane, Falilou (m) (Senegal) (b. Common African and Mauritanian Organization OCAM [Organisation Commune Africaine et 1938) Category 3 Mauricienne] (prev. African and Malagasy Union for Economic Cooperation UAMCE 12 February 1965; Common African, Malagasy, and Mauritanian Common Organization OCAMM 1970; Common African and Mauritanian Organization OCAM 1973) Secretary-General 1968 – 1974 Kapikrayan, Luka Yakovlevich Danube Commission Director-General 1966 – 1972 (m) (Soviet Union) (b. 1913 – d. 1988) Category 3 Kaputin, Sir John (m) (Papua New African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States ACP Secretary-General 2005, Mar 1 – 2010, Feb 28 Guinea) (b. 1941) Category 2 Karasek, Franz (m) (Austria) (b. Council of Europe CoE Secretary-General 1979, Oct 1 – 1984, Oct 1 1924 – d. 1986) Category 3 Kebret, Makonnen (m) (Ethiopia) Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development IGADD (1996 Inter-Governmental Authority (b. 1935) Category 2 on Development IGAD) Executive Secretary 1986 – 1991

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

Keenleyside, Hugh Llewellyn (m) United Nations Technical Assistance Administration TAA Director General 1950 – 1958 (Canada) (b. 1898 – d. 1992) Category 2 Kendall, Raymond Edward (m) International Criminal Police Organization ICPO/Interpol Secretary-General 1985, Oct – 2000, Nov 2 (U.K.) (b. 1933) Category 2 Kennedy, Howard (m) (Canada) (b. United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Director 1950, ?) Category 3 May 1 – 1951, Jun 30 Keyfitz, Nathan (m) (Canada) (b. Colombo Plan Director 1956, Apr – 1957, Aug 1913 – d. 2010) Category 3 Khalaf, Rima (f) (Jordan) (b. 1953) Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia UN ESCWA (prev. Economic Commission for Western Asia UN ECWA July 1985) Executive Secretary 2010 – Khalatbari, Abbas Ali (m) (Iran) (b. Central Treaty Organization CENTO Secretary-General 1962, Jan – 1968, Jan 1912 – d. 1979) Category 3 Khalidy, Awni (m) (Iraq) (b. ?) Central Treaty Organization CENTO Secretary-General 1955 – 1958, Dec 31 Category 2 Khan, Sir Muhammad Zafrulla International Court of Justice ICJ President 1970, Feb 19 – 1973, Feb 8 (m) (Pakistan) (b. 1893 – d. 1985) Category 2 Khane, Abd-El Rahman (m) United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNIDO Executive Director 1975, Jan 1 – 1985, Aug (Algeria) (b. 1931) Category 3 Khène, Abderrahman (m) (Algeria) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1973, Jan 1 – 1974, Dec 31 (b. 1931) Khristenko, Viktor Borisovich (m) Eurasian Economic Union EAEU (prev. Eurasian Economic Community) Chairman of the Eurasian Economic (Russia) (b. 1957) Commission 2015, Jan 1 – 2016, Feb 1 Kibria, Shah Abu Muhammad Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific UN ESCAP (Economic Commission for Asia and Shamsul (m) (Bangladesh) (b. 1931 the Far East UN ECAFE until January 1974) Executive Secretary 1981 – 1992 – d. 2005) Category 2 Kifle Wodajo, Ato (m) (Ethiopia) Organization of African Unity OAU (2002 African Union) Secretary-General 1963, May 25 – 1964, Jul 21 (b. 1936 – d. 2004) (acting) Category 3 Kiingi, Simeon Moses (m) (Uganda) Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern Africa PTA (1994 Common Market for Eastern and (b. ?) (interim) Southern Africa COMESA) Secretary-General 1983, Jan – 1984 Kim, Jim Young (m) (U.S.) (b. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD (World Bank) President 2012, Jul 1 –

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

1959) Kim Hak-Su (m) (South Korea) (b. Colombo Plan Secretary-General 1995, Jan – 1999, Mar 1938) Category 2 Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific UN ESCAP (Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East UN ECAFE until January 1974) Executive Secretary 2000 – 2007 Kincel, Ludovit (m) Danube Commission Director-General 1978 – 1984 (Czechoslovakia) (b. ?) Category 3 King, Kurleigh Dennis (m) Caribbean Community CARICOM (prev. Caribbean Free Trade Association CARIFTA July 1973) Secretary- (Barbados) (b. 1933 – d. 1998) General 1978, Nov 1 – 1983, Sep Category 3 Kingsley, John Donald (m) (U.S.) International Refugee Organization IRO Director General 1949, Jul 31 – 1952, Feb 28 (b. 1908 – d. 1972) Category 2 Kinley, Richard J. (m) (Canada) (b. United Nations Framework Convention of Climate Change UNFCCC Executive Secretary 2005, Sep 4 – ?) (acting) 2006, Sep 4 Kirchner, Néstor Carlos (m) (b. Union of South American Nations UNASUR Secretary-General 2010, May 4 – 2010, Oct 27 1950 – d. 2010) Category 3 Kirsch, Philippe (m) Canada (b. International Criminal Court President 2003, Mar 11 – 2009, Mar 11 1947) Category 1 Kittipan Kanjanapipatkul (m) Colombo Plan Secretary-General 2003, Jun – 2007, Aug (Thailand) (b. ?) Category 3 Kituyi, Mukhisa (m) (Kenya) (b. United Nations Conference on Trade Development UNCTAD Secretary-General 2013, Sep 1 – 1956) Klaestad, Helge (m) (Norway) (b. International Court of Justice ICJ President 1958, Feb 5 – 1961, Apr 5 1885 – d. 1965) Category 2 Kleppe, Per (m) (Norway) (b. 1923) European Free Trade Association EFTA Secretary-General 1981, Dec 1 – 1988, Apr 15 Category 3 Klibi, Chedli (m) (Tunisia) (b. 1925) Arab League Secretary-General 1979, Mar – 1990, Sep Category 2 Knox, Robert W. (m) (U.S.) (b. International Hydrographic Bureau IHB (International Hydrographic Organization 22 September 1970) 1897 – d. 1990) Category 3 President of the Directing Committee 1957 – 1962 Kodjo, Edem (m) (Togo) (b. 1938) Organization of African Unity OAU (2002 African Union) Secretary-General 1978, Jul 21 – 1983, Jun 12 Category 2 Köhler, Horst (m) (Germany) (b. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EBRD President 1998, Sep 1 – 2000, Apr 18

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1943) Category 2 International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 2000, May 1 – 2004, Mar 4 Konaré, Alpha Oumar (m) (Mali) African Union AU (prev. Organization of African Unity) Chairman of the Commission 2003, Sep 16 – 2008, (b. 1946) Category 1 Apr 28 Konaté, Tieoulé Mamadou (m) African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States ACP Secretary-General 1976 – 1979 (Mali) (b. 1933 – d. 1995) Category 3 Konthi Suphamongkhon (m) Southeast Asian Treaty Organization SEATO Secretary-General 1964, Feb 19 – 1965, Jul 1 (Thailand) (b. 1916) Category 3 Korotchenya, Ivan (m) (Belarus) (b. Commonwealth of Independent States CIS Executive Secretary 1993, May – 1998, Apr 29 1948) (1st time) and (2nd time acting) Commonwealth of Independent States CIS Executive Secretary 1999, Mar 4 – 1999, Apr 2 Kotaite, Assad (m) (Lebanon) (b. International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO Secretary-General 1970, Aug 1 – 1976, Aug 1 1924) Category 3 Kötschau, Gabriele (f) (Germany) Council of the Baltic Sea States CBSS Director-General 2005, Sep 1 – 2010, Sep 1 (b. 1950) Category 3 Kouyate, Lansana (m) (Guinea) (b. Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS Executive Secretary 1997, Sep 2 – 2002, Feb 5 1950) Category 2 Krähenbühl, Pierre (m) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Commissioner- (Switzerland) (b. 1966) General 2014, Mar 30 Kristensen, Thorkil (m) (Denmark) Organization for European Economic Cooperation OEEC / Organization for Economic Cooperation and (b. 1899 – d. 1989) Category 1 Development OECD (as of 30 Sep 1961) Secretary-General 1960, Sep 1 – 1969, Sep 30 Krolikowski, Herbert (m) (East Warsaw Treaty Organization (Warsaw Pact) Secretary-General of the Political Consultative Committee Germany) (b. 1924 – d. 2012) 1986, Jun 11 – 1987, May 29 Kröner, Christiaan M.J. (m) Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 2008, Sep 1 – 2011, Dec 31 (Netherlands) (b. 1945) Category 2 Krueger, Anne (f) (U.S.) (b. 1934) International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 2004, Mar 4 – 2004, May 4 (acting) Krupin, Yuriy Ivanovich (m) International Organization of Space Communications Intersputnik Director General 1972 – 1983 (Soviet Union) (b. 1927) Kubiš, Ján (m) (Czechoslovakia / Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe OSCE (prev. Conference on Security and Cooperation Slovakia) (b. 1952) Category 2 in Europe) Secretary-General 1999, Jun 15 – 2005, Jun 21

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Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Executive Secretary 2009 – 2012 Kudryavtsev, Gennadiy International Organization of Space Communications Intersputnik Director General 1992 – 2005 Georgiyevich (m) (Russia) (b. 1941) Kühne, Hans (m) (Denmark) (b. ?) Nordic Council of Ministers Secretary-General 1978 – 1982 Kullman, Conny L. (m) (Sweden) International Telecommunications Satellite Organization Intelsat (International Telecommunications (b. 1950) Category 3 Satellite Organization Intelsat 12 February 1973; International Telecommunications Satellite Organization ITSO 18 July 2001) Director-General 1998, Oct 23 – 2001, Jul 18 Kurilov, Spartak Petrovich (m) International Organization of Space Communications Intersputnik Director General 1983 – 1988 (Soviet Union) (b. 1936) Kuroda, Haruhiko (m) (Japan) (b. Asian Development Bank ADB President 2005, Feb 1 – 2013, Mar 18 1944) Kutovoy, Evgeny (m) (Russia) (b. Black Sea Economic Cooperation BSEC (1999, Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation) 1932) Category 2 Director 1992 – 1997 La Guardia, Fiorello Henry (m) United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration UNRRA Director General 1946, Apr 1 – 1946, Dec (U.S.) (b. 1882 – d. 1947) Category 3 31 American National Biography Labidi, Abdelwahab (m) (Tunisia) African Development Bank AfDB President 1970, Jan – 1976, Aug (b. 1929 – d. ?) (acting to Aug 1970) Category 2 Labouisse, Jr., Henry Richardson United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Director 1954, (m) (U.S.) (b. 1904 – d. 1987) Jun 15 – 1958, Jun 15 Category 1 United Nations Children’s Fund UNICEF (prev. UN International Children’s Emergency Fund) Executive Director 1965, Jun – 1979, Dec 31 Lachs, Manfred (m) (Poland) (b. International Court of Justice ICJ President 1973, Feb 8 – 1976, Feb 12 1914 – d. 1993) Category 2 Lagarde, Christine Madeleine International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 2011, Jul 5 – Odette (f) (France) (b. 1956) Lake, Anthony (m) (U.S.) (b. 1939) United Nations Children’s Fund UNICEF (prev. UN International Children’s Emergency Fund) Executive Director 2010, May 1 – Lalosevic, Djordje (m) (Yugoslavia) Danube Commission Director-General 1984 – 1990 (b. 1928 – d. 1996) Category 2 Lalumière, Catherine (f) (France) Council of Europe CoE Secretary-General 1989, Jun 1 – 1994, May 31

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(b. 1935) Category 2 Lambert, Yves (m) (France) (b. International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO Secretary-General 1976, Aug 1 – 1988, Jul 31 1936) Category 2 Lamy, Pascal (m) (France) (b. 1947) World Trade Organization WTO (prev. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) Director-General 2005, Sep 1 – 2013, Aug Laraki, Azzedine (m) (Morocco) (b. Organization of the Islamic Conference OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation since 28 June 2011) 1929 – d. 2010) Category 3 Secretary-General 1997, Jan 1 – 2000, Dec 31 LaRocque, Irwin (m) (Dominica) Caribbean Community CARICOM (prev. Caribbean Free Trade Association CARIFTA July 1973) Secretary- (b. 1955) General 2011, Aug 15 – Laugier, Pablo Guzmán (m) Andean Community of Nations CAN General Secretary 2013, Jun 17 – 2016, Jan 11 (Bolivia) (b. ?) Layton, Walter Thomas (m) (U.K.) League of Nations Economic and Financial Section / Organization Director 1920, Apr 1 – 1921, Jan (b. 1884 – d. 1966) Category 3 Kuehl Le Portz, Yves (m) (France) (b. European Investment Bank EIB President, 1970, Sep – 1984, Jul 1920 – d. 2013) Category 2 Leal Sánchez, Ernesto José (m) Central American Integration System SICA Secretary-General 1997, Jan 15 – 1999, Dec 31 (Nicaragua – d. 2005) (b. 1945) Category 3 Leavey, Thomas E. (m) (U.S.) (b. Universal Postal Union UPU Director-General 1995, Jan 1 – 2004, Dec 31 1934) Category 2 Lebedev, Sergey (m) (Russia) (b. Commonwealth of Independent States CIS Executive Secretary 2007, Oct 5 – 1948) Lee, Hoesung (m) (South Korea) (b. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC Chair 2015, Oct 6 – 1945) Lee Jong-wook (m) (South Korea) World Health Organization WHO Director-General 2003, Jul 21 – 2006, May 22 (b. 1945 – d. 2006) Category 2 Lehman, Herbert Henry (m) (U.S.) United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration UNRRA Director General 1944, Jan 1 – 1946, Mar (b. 1878 – d. 1963) Category 2 31 Kuehl, American National Biography Lemierre, Jean (m) (France) (b. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EBRD President 2000, Jul 3 – 2008, Jul 3 1950) Category 2 Lendi, Karl (m) (Switzerland) (b. International Telegraph Union ITU (1934 International Telecommunication Union) Director 1869, Dec 9 – 1825 – d. 1873) Category 3 1873, Jan 12

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Lester, John Ernest (Seán) (m) League of Nations Secretary-General 1940, Sep 2 – 1946, Apr 18 (Ireland) (b. 1888 – d. 1959) Kuehl, Oxford DNB Category 1 Lestrade, Swinburne (m) Organization of Eastern Caribbean States OECS Director-General 1996, Jun – 2001, Jul 31 (Dominica) (b. ?) Category 3 Leutwiler, Fritz (m) (Switzerland) Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 1982, Jan – 1984, (b. 1924 – d. 1997) Category 3 Dec Levi, W. Noel (m) (Papua New South Pacific Forum SPF (2000 Pacific Islands Forum) Secretary-General 1998, Feb – 2004, Jan Guinea) (b. 1942) Category 3 Lewis, Sir Arthur (m) (Saint Lucia) Caribbean Development Bank CDB President 1970, Jan 31 – 1973 (b. 1915 – d. 1991) Category 3 Nobel Prize, Oxford DNB, American National Biography Lewis, Vaughan (m) (Saint Lucia) Organization of Eastern Caribbean States OECS Director-General 1982, Jul – 1995, Dec 1 (b. 1940) Category 2 Li Yong (m) (China) (b. 1951) United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNIDO Direct-General 2013, Jun 28 – Lie, Trygve Halvdan (m) (Norway) United Nations UN Secretary-General 1946, Feb 2 – 1953, Apr 1 (b. 1896 – d. 1968) Category 1 Kuehl Lim, Kitack (m) (Korea) (b. ?) International Maritime Organization IMO (prev. Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization) Secretary-General 2016, Jan 1 – Lindt, Auguste Rudolf (m) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 1956 – 1960 (Switzerland) (b. 1905 – d. 2000) Category 2 Lipsky, John (m) (U.S.) (b. 1947) International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 2011, May 18 – 2011, Jul 5 (acting) Liqun, Jin (m) (China) (b. 1949) Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank AIIB President 2016, Jan 16 (prev. President-designate starting 2015, Sep 1 and Secretary General of the Multilateral Interim Secretariat starting 2014, Oct) Liu, Fang (f) (China) (b. ?) International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO Secretary-General 2015, Aug 1 – Ljungberg, Carl (m) (Sweden) (b. International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO Secretary-General 1952, Jan 1 – 1959, Jul 31 1897 – d. 1982) Category 3 Lleras Camargo, Alberto (m) Pan American Union (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1948 Organization of (Colombia) (b. 1906 – d. 1990) American States) Director-General 1947, May 27 – 1948, Apr 30 Category 2 Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901 – 1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910 – 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 1948, Apr 30 – 1954, Jul 31

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Loder, Bernard Cornelis Johannes Permanent Court of International Justice PCJI President 1922, Feb – 1924 (m) (Netherlands) (b. 1849 – d. 1935) Category 3 Lodge, Michael W. (m) (U.K.) (b. ?) International Seabed Authority ISA Secretary-General 2017, Jan 1 – Lohani, Bindu N. (m) (Nepal) (b. Asian Development Bank ADB President 2013, Mar 18 – 2013, Apr 28 1948) (acting) Lokanathan, Palamadai Samu (m) Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East UN ECAFE (January 1974 Economic and Social (India) (b. 1894 – d. 1972) Category Commission for Asia and the Pacific UN ESCAP) Executive Secretary 1947 – 1956 2 Lonati, Robert (m) (France) (b. World Tourism Organization UNWTO Secretary-General 1975, Jan 2 – 1985, Dec 31 1918 – d. 1985) Category 2 Long, Olivier (m) (Switzerland) (b. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GATT (1995 World Trade Organization) Director-General 1968, 1915 – d. 2003) Category 1 May 6 – 1980, Oct 1 Longerstaey, Edouard (m) Western European Union WEU Secretary-General 1977, Mar 1 – 1985, May 31 (Belgium) (b. 1919 – d. 1986) Category 3 Lopes, Carlos (m) (Guinea-Bissau) Economic Commission for Africa UN ECA Executive Secretary 2012 – 2016, Oct 31 (b. 1960) Loshchakov, Aleksandr Ivanovich Council for Mutual Economic Assistance CMEA (COMECON) Secretary-General 1949, Apr 26 – 1950, (m) (Soviet Union) (b. 1910) Nov 24 Loudon, Alexander (m) Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 1951, Jun 1 – 1953, Feb 4 (Netherlands) (b. 1892 – d. 1953) Category 3 Loveday, Alexander (m) (U.K.) (b. League of Nations Financial and Economic Intelligence Section / Organization Director 1931, Apr 1 – 1939, 1888 – d. 1962) Category 2 Jul 15; Director Economic, Financial and Transit Department 1939, Jul 15 – 1940, Aug 6; Chief of the Princeton Mission 1940, Aug 6 – 1946, Feb 16 Kuehl Lubbers, Rudolphus Franciscus United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 2001 – 2005 Marie (Ruud) (m) (Netherlands) (b. 1939) Category 3 Luchaire, Julien (m) (France) (b. International Institute of Intellectual Cooperation IIIC Director 1925 – 1931 1876 – d. 1962) Category 3 Lukman, Rilwanu (m) (Nigeria) (b. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1986, Jul 1 – 1988, Jun 30 (during

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st nd 1938) (1 time) (acting) and (2 this time the elected President of the Conference who had the mandate to also supervise the Secretariat) time) Category 3 Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1995, Jan 1 – 2000, Dec 31 Lundberg, Olof (m) (Sweden) (b. International Maritime Satellite Organization INMARSAT (as of 15 April 1999 International Mobile 1944?) Category 3 Satellite Organization IMSO) Director-General 1979, Dec – 1995 Lundin, Jan (m) (Sweden) (b. ?) Council of the Baltic Sea States CBSS Director-General 2010, Sep 1 – 2016, Sep 1 Luns, Joseph Antoine Marie North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 1971, Oct 1 – 1984, Jun 25 Hubert (m) (Netherlands) (b. 1911 – d. 2002) Category 1 Lutfi, Ashraf T. (m) (Kuwait) (b. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1965, May 1 – 1966, Dec 31 1919 – d. ?) Maalim, Mahboub M. (m) (Kenya) Inter-Governmental Authority on Development IGAD (prev. Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and (b. 1958) Development IGADD) Executive Secretary 2008, Jun 14 – Macdonnell, Ronald MacAlister International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO Secretary-General 1959, Aug 1 – 1964, Jul 31 (m) (Canada) (b. 1909 – d. 1973) Category 3 Machinea, José Luis (m) Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean UN ECLAC (prev. Economic Commission for (Argentina) (b. 1946) Category 3 Latin America UN ECLA) Executive Secretary 2003, Oct – 2008, Jun Madamba, Armando Q. (m) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 1996 – 1997 (Philippines) (b. 1938) Category 3 Madani, Iyad Ameen (m) (Saudi Organization of Islamic Cooperation OIC (prev. Organization of the Islamic Conference since 28 June 2011) Arabia) (b. 1946) also spelled: Iyad Secretary-General 2014, Jan 1 – 2016, Oct 31 bin Amin Madi Boléro, Hamada (m) Indian Ocean Commission COI Secretary-General 2016, Jul 13 – (Comoros) (b. 1965) Magande, Ng’andu Peter (m) African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States ACP Secretary-General 1996, Jul 16 – 2000, Feb 29 (Zambia) (b. 1947) Category 3 Magariños, Carlos Alfredo (m) United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNIDO Director-General 1997, Dec – 2005, Dec 8 (Argentina) (b. 1962) Category 2 Maghur, Kamel Hassan (m) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1984, Jan 1 – 1984, Oct 31 (Libya) (b. 1935 – d. 2002) (acting) (during this time the elected President of the Conference who had the mandate to also supervise the Secretariat) Maheu, René Gabriel Eugène (m) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO Director-General 1961, Nov 2 (France) (b. 1905 – d. 1975) (interim – 1974, Nov 14

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45 to 14 Nov 1962) Category 1 Mahler, Halfdan Theodor (m) World Health Organization WHO Director-General 1973, Jul 21 – 1988, Jul 21 (Denmark) (b. 1923 – d. 2016) Category 1 Mahmud, Sidar Hasan (m) Central Treaty Organization CENTO Secretary-General 1977, Aug – 1978, Mar (Pakistan) (b. 1928) (acting) Maina, Charles Gatere (m) (Kenya) East African Community EAC Secretary-General 1971 – 1974, Apr (b. 1931) Category 3 Makoni, Simba (m) (Zimbabwe) (b. Southern African Development Coordination Conference SADCC (as of 17 August 1992 Southern African 1950) Category 2 Development Community SADC) Executive Secretary 1984 – 1993, Dec 31 Malcolm, Sir Neill (m) (U.K.) (b. League of Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Coming from Germany 1936, Feb – 1938 1869 – d. 1953) Category 3 Dictionary of National Biography. Missing Persons, Oxford 1993, 441-2 Malfatti, Franco Maria (m) (Italy) European Community EC (prev. European Economic Community EEC 1967; European Union EU 1993) (b. 1927 – d. 1991) Category 2 President of the European Commission 1970, Jul 2 – 1972, Mar 22 Malloch Brown, George Mark (m) United Nations Development Programme UNDP Administrator 1999, Jul 1 – 2005, Aug (U.K.) (b. 1953) Category 1 Manger, William (m) (U.S.) (b. Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910 – 1904 – d. 1994) (acting) 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 1955, Oct 19 – 1956, Jan 16 Maniku, Adam Naseer (m) Colombo Plan Secretary-General 2011, Aug 15 – 2013, Nov 28 (Maldives) (b. ?) Mansholt, Sicco Leendert (m) European Community EEC (prev. European Economic Community EEC 1967; European Union EU 1993) (Netherlands) (b. 1908 – d. 1995) President of the European Commission 1972, Mar 22 – 1973, Jan 5 Category 1 Mansurov, Tair Eurasian Economic Community EAEC (2014 Eurasian Economic Union) Secretary-General 2007, Oct 6 – Aymukhametovich (m) 2014, Dec 31 (Kazakhstan) (b. 1948) Maramis, J. B. P. (m) (Indonesia) Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific UN ESCAP (January 1974 Economic and Social (b. 1922 – d. 1981) Category 3 Commission for Asia and the Pacific UN ESCAP) Executive Secretary 1973 – 1981 Maratos, Alexandros D. (m) International Hydrographic Organization IHO (International Hydrographic Bureau 22 September 1970) (Greece) (b. ?) President of the Directing Committee 2002 – 2012 Marchal, Léon (m) (France) (b. Council of Europe CoE Secretary-General 1953, Sep 21 – 1956, Sep 24 1900 – d. 1956) Category 3 Margić, Petar (m) (Croatia) (b. Danube Commission Director-General 2013, Jul 1 –

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1953) Marín, Manuel (m) (Spain) (b. European Union EU (prev. European Economic Community 1967; European Community 1993) President of 1949) (acting) the European Commission 1999, Jul 14 – 1999, Sep 15 Marjolin, Robert Ernest (m) Organization for European Economic Cooperation OEEC (1961 Organization for Economic Cooperation (France) (b. 1911 – d. 1986) and Development) Secretary-General 1948, Apr 16 – 1955, Apr 1 Category 1 Maroofi, Mohammad Yahya (m) Economic Cooperation Organization ECO (prev. Regional Cooperation for Development) Secretary-General (Afghanistan) (b. 1939) 2009, Sep – 2012, Aug 13 Martínez Bonilla, Hugo Roger (m) Central American Integration System SICA Secretary-General 2013, Jul 1 – 2014, Jun 1 (El Salvador) (b. 1968) Martínez Cabañas, Gustavo (m) Economic Commission for Latin America UN ECLA (1984 Economic Commission for Latin America and (México) (b. 1911) Category 3 the Caribbean UN ECLAC) Executive Secretary 1948, Dec – 1950, Apr Martins, Zeferino (m) Community of Portuguese Language Countries CPLP Executive Secretary 2004, Apr 15 – 2004, Jul 27 (Mozambique) (b. 1955) (interim) Masood, Mukhtar (m) (Pakistan) Regional Cooperation for Development RCD (1985 Economic Cooperation Organization ECO) Secretary- (b. ?) Category 3 General 1976 – 1979 Matejka, Zdenek (m) Warsaw Treaty Organization (Warsaw Pact) Secretary-General of the Political Consultative Committee (Czechoslovakia) (b. ?) Category 2 1990, Jun 7 – 1991, Jul 1 Matsui, Sashichiro (m) (Japan) (b. Colombo Plan Director 1961, Dec – 1964, Jan 1913) Category 3 Matsuura, Koichiro (m) (Japan) (b. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO Director-General 1999, Nov 15 1937) Category 2 – 2009, Nov 14 Mayobre, José Antonio (m) Economic Commission for Latin America UN ECLA (1984 Economic Commission for Latin America and (Venezuela) (b. 1913 – d. 1980) the Caribbean UN ECLAC) Executive Secretary 1963, Aug – 1966, Dec Category 3 Mayor, Federico (m) (Spain) (b. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO Director-General 1987, Nov 15 1934) Category 1 – 1999, Nov 14 Mayoux, Jean-Jacques (m) (France) International Institute of Intellectual Cooperation IIIC Director 1945 – 1946 (b. 1901 – d. 1987) Category 3 Maystadt, Philippe (m) (Belgium) European Investment Bank EIB President, 2000, Jan 1 – 2011, Dec 31 (b. 1948) M’Bow, Amadou Mahtar (m) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO Director-General 1974, Nov 15 (Senegal) (b. 1921) Category 1 – 1987, Nov 14

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Mbuende, Kaire (m) (Namibia) (b. Southern African Development Community SADC (as of 17 August 1992, prev. Southern African 1953) Category 2 Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) Executive Secretary 1994, Jan 1 – 1999, Dec 31 McCloy, John Jay (m) (U.S.) (b. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD (World Bank) President 1947, Mar – 1949, 1895 – d. 1989) Category 2 Jun 30 McComie, Val (m) (Barbados) (b. Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910 – 1920 – d. 2007) (acting) 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 1984, Mar 31 – 1984, Jun 20 McDonald, James Grover (m) League of Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Coming from Germany 1933, Oct 25 – 1935, Dec 27 (U.S.) (b. 1886 – d. 1964) Category 2 Kuehl McElhiney, Thomas W. (m) (U.S. United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Commissioner- (b. 1919 – d. 1998) Category 3 General 1977, Apr 1 – 1979, Apr 15 McGarrah, Gates White (m) (U.S.) Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 1930, Apr 22 – 1933, (b. 1863 – d. 1940) Category 2 May 8 McGregor, I.K. (m) (New Zealand) Colombo Plan Director 1973, Aug – 1975, Dec (b. ?) Category 3 McIntyre, Sir Alister (m) Caribbean Community CARICOM (prev. Caribbean Free Trade Association CARIFTA July 1973) Secretary- (Grenada) (b. 1932) (UNCTAD: General 1974 – 1977, Aug acting) Category 2 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD Secretary-General 1985, Jan 1 – 1985, Dec 31 McKinley, Brunson (m) (U.S.) (b. International Organization for Migration IOM (1952 Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration 1943) Category 2 ICEM; 1980 Intergovernmental Committee for Migration ICM; as of 14 November 1989 IOM) Director-General 1998, Oct 1 – 2008, Sep 30 McKinnon, Don (m) (New Zealand) Commonwealth, The Secretary-General 2000, Apr 3 – 2008, Apr 1 (b. 1939) Category 2 McKittrick, Thomas Harrington Bank for International Settlements BIS President of the BIS 1940, Jan 1 – 1946, Jun 30 (m) (U.S.) (b. 1889 – d. 1970) Category 2 McNair, Sir Arnold Duncan (m) International Court of Justice ICJ President 1952, May 7 – 1955, Feb 9 (U.K.) (b. 1885 – d. 1975) Category 2 McNamara, Robert Strange (m) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD (World Bank) President 1968, Apr 1 – 1981, (U.S.) (b. 1916 – d. 2009) Category 1 Jun 30 Mejía Vélez, María Emma (f) Union of South American Nations UNASUR Secretary-General 2011, May 9 – 2012, Jun 11

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(Colombia) (b. 1953) Melkert, Ad (m) (Netherlands) (b. United Nations Development Programme UNDP Administrator 2009, Mar 1 – 2009, Apr 20 1956) (acting) Melvil van Lynden, Robert (m) Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 1900, Sep 4 – 1901, Aug 1 (Netherlands) (b. 1843 – d. 1910) Category 3 Mendoza Ortega, Maria Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization ACTO Secretary-General 2015, Oct 19 – Jacqueline (f) (Venezuela) (b. ?) Menemencioglu, Turgut (m) Central Treaty Organization CENTO Secretary-General 1968, Jan – 1972, Feb 1 (Turkey) (b. 1914) Category 2 Mentha, Bénigne (m) (Switzerland) United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property BIRPI (1970 World Intellectual (b. 1888 – d. 1974) Category 3 Property Organization WIPO) Director 1938 – 1953 Metternich, Jacob Ludwig Maria League of Nations Communications and Transit Section / Organization Director 1937, Aug 23 – 1939, Mar (m) Germany (b. 1895 – d. ?) 31 (acting) Meyer, Eugene Isaac (m) (U.S.) (b. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD (World Bank) President 1946, Jun 18 – 1875 – d. 1959) Category 2 1946, Dec American National Biography Mezentsev, Dmitriy Fyodorovich Shanghai Cooperation Organization SCO Secretary-General 2013, Jan 1 – 2015, Dec 31 (m) (Russia) (b. 1959) Mfumukeko, Libérat (m) (Burundi) East African Community EAC Secretary-General 2016, Apr 25 – (b. 1973) Michelmore, Laurence Victor (m) United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Commissioner- (U.S.) (b. 1909 – d. 1997) Category 2 General 1964, Jan 1 – 1971, May 15 Michiels van Verduynen, Louis Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 1905, Oct 1 – 1929, Feb 4 Paul Marie Hubert (m) (Netherlands) (b. 1855 – d. 1929) Category 2 Mikuriya, Kunio (m) (Japan) (b. ?) World Customs Organization WCO (prev. Customs Cooperation Council CCC) Secretary-General 2009, Jan 1 – Mili, Mohamed Ezzedine (m) International Telecommunication Union ITU (prev. International Telegraph Union) Secretary-General 1967, (Tunisia) (b. 1917– d. 2013) Feb 20 – 1982, Dec 31 Category 2 (ad interim to 31 Dec

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1973) Minh, Le Luong (m) (Vietnam) (b. Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Secretary-General 2013, Jan 1 – 1952) Minuto Rizzo, Alessandro (m) North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 2003, Dec 17 – 2004, Jan 4 (Italy) (b. 1940) (acting) Miola, Jeferson (m) (Brazil) (b. ?) Southern Common Market MERCOSUR Director of the Executive Secretariat 2012, Jan 1 – 2014, Jun 30 Mirow, Thomas (m) (Germany) (b. European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EBRD President 2008, Jul 3 – 2012, Jul 3 1953) Misimoa, Afioga Afoafouvale (m) South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1970, Jan 1 – 1971, Feb 18 (Western Samoa) (b. 1900 – d. 1971) Mitropoulos, Efthimios E. (m) International Maritime Organization IMO (prev. Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization) (Greece) (b. 1939) Category 2 Secretary-General 2004, Jan 1 – 2011, Dec 31 Mlambo-Ngcuka, Phumzile (f) UN Women, the United Nations for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women Executive Director (South Africa) (b. 1955) 2013, Aug 19 – Moco, Marcolino José Carlos (m) Community of Portuguese Language Countries CPLP Executive Secretary 1996, Jul 17 – 2000, Jul (Angola) (b. 1953) Category 3 Moin Uddin, Ahmed (m) International Mobile Satellite Organization IMSO (prev. International Maritime Satellite Organization (Bangladesh) (b. ?) INMARSAT) Director-General 2015, Apr 1 – Molina, Germán Simón Duarte (m) Association of Caribbean States ACS Secretary-General 1995 – 2000 (Venezuela) (b. 1934 – d. 2012 ) Category 3 Moncayo, Jaime (m) (Ecuador) (b. Latin American [and Caribbean] Economic System SELA Permanent Secretary 1975 – 1979 1940) Category 3 Moneta, Carlos Juan (m) Latin American [and Caribbean] Economic System SELA Permanent Secretary 1995 – 1999 (Argentina) (b. ?) Category 3 Moore, Mike (m) (New Zealand) (b. World Trade Organization WTO (prev. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) Director-General 1999, Sep 1949) Category 1 1 – 2002, Sep 1 Mooy, Adrianus (m) (Indonesia) (b Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific UN ESCAP (Economic Commission for Asia and 1936) Category 3 the Far East UN ECAFE until January 1974) Executive Secretary 1995 – 2000 Mora, José Antonio (m) (Uruguay) Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910- (b. 1897 – d. 1975) Category 2 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 1956, Jan 16 – 1968, May 18 Kuehl Mora, Maira (f) (Latvia) (b. ?) Council of the Baltic Sea States CBSS Director-General 2016, Sep 1 –

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Morel, Henri (m) (Switzerland) (b. International Bureau of Intellectual Property Secretary 1888 – 1892 1838 – d. 1912) Category 2 United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property BIRPI (1970 World Intellectual Property Organization WIPO) Director 1892 – 1912 Moreno Mejía, Luis Alberto (m) Inter-American Development Bank IADB President 2005, Oct 1 – (Colombia) (b. 1953) Morozov, Grigoriy Nikolayevich Danube Commission Director-General 1949 – 1953 (m) (Soviet Union) (b. ?) Category 2 Morris, James T. (m) (U.S.) (b. World Food Programme WFP Executive Director 2002, Apr 5 – 2007, Apr 4 1943) Category 2 Morse, David Abner (m) (U.S.) (b. International Labour Organization ILO Director-General of the International Labour Office 1948, Aug 24 – 1907 – d. 1990) Category 1 1970, May 31 Morse, Frank Bradford (m) (U.S.) United Nations Development Programme UNDP Administrator 1976 – 1986 (b. 1921 – d. 1994) Category 2 Moussa, Amr (m) (Egypt) (b. 1936) Arab League Secretary-General 2001, May 15 – 2011, Jul 1 Moutia, Sydney (m) (Mauritius) (b. Common African and Mauritanian Organization OCAM [Organisation Commune Africaine et 1932) Category 3 Mauricienne] (prev. African and Malagasy Union for Economic Cooperation UAMCE 12 February 1965; Common African, Malagasy, and Mauritanian Common Organization OCAMM 1970; Common African and Mauritanian Organization OCAM 1973) Secretary-General 1974 – 1979 Mpotokwane, Lebang (m) Southern African Development Coordination Conference SADCC (as of 17 August 1992 Southern African (Botswana) (b. 1944) (1st time Development Community SADC) Executive Secretary 1980 – 1982 acting) and (2nd time acting) Category 3 Southern African Development Coordination Conference SADCC (as of 17 August 1992 Southern African Development Community SADC) Executive Secretary 1984 Mtei, Edwin Isaac Mbiliewi (m) East African Community EAC Secretary-General 1974, Apr 25 – 1977, Feb 1 (Tanzania) (b. 1932) Category 3 Muduuli, David (m) (Uganda) (b. ?) Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and Development IGADD (1996 Inter-Governmental Authority Category 2 on Development IGAD) Executive Secretary 1991 – 1996 Mulatier, Léon (m) (France) (b. International Telecommunication Union ITU (prev. International Telegraph Union) Secretary-General 1950, 1887 – d. 1981) Category 2 Jan 1 – 1953, Dec 31 Müller, Charles (m) (Switzerland) European Free Trade Association EFTA Secretary-General 1976, Jan 1 – 1981, Sep 30 (b. 1922 – d. 2015) Category 2 Mumuni, Mohammed (m) (Ghana) African, Caribbean and Pacific Group States ACP Secretary-General 2013, Apr 1 – 2015, Feb 28 (b. 1949)

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Múnera Cavadía, Alfonso David Association of Caribbean States ACS Secretary-General 2012, Apr 12 – 2016, Aug 1 (m) (Colombia) (b. 1954) Mung’omba, Wila D’Israeli (m) African Development Bank AfDB President 1980, Jun – 1985, May (Zambia) (b. 1939 – d. 2014) Category 3 Munu, Momodu (m) (Sierra Leone) Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS Executive Secretary 1984, Nov 2 – 1988, Nov 1 (b. 1938) Category 3 Murargy, Murade Isaac Miguiy Community of Portuguese Language Countries CPLP Executive Secretary 2012, Sep 18 – (m) (Mozambique) (b. 1946) Muri, Alois (m) (Switzerland) (b. Universal Postal Union UPU Director 1945 – 1949 1879 – d. 1971) Category 3 Mushega, Nuwe Amanya (m) East African Community EAC Secretary-General 2001, Apr 24 – 2006, Apr 24 (Uganda) (b. 1946) Category 3 Mutati, Kasasa Cinyanta (m) Economic Community of Central African States ECCAS Secretary-General 1990 – 1998 (Zaire) (b. ?) Muthaura, Francis (m) (Kenya) (b. East African Community EAC Secretary-General 1996, Mar 14 – 2001, Apr 24 1946) Category 3 Mwapachu, Juma Volter (m) East African Community EAC Secretary-General 2006, Apr 25 – 2011, Apr 19 (Tanzania) (b. 1942) Mwencha, Erastus Joel O. (m) Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa COMESA (prev. Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and (Kenya) (b. 1947) Category 2 Southern Africa PTA) Secretary-General 1998, Jun – 2008, Feb Myrdal, Gunnar (m) (Sweden) (b. Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Executive Secretary 1947 – 1957, Apr 1898 – d. 1987) Category 2 Nobel Prize Naisali, Henry Faati (m) (Tuvalu) South Pacific Forum SPF (2000 Pacific Islands Forum) Director of the South Pacific Bureau for Economic (b. 1930 – d. 2004) Category 3 Cooperation 1986, Jan 1 – 1988, Sep

South Pacific Forum SPF (2000 Pacific Islands Forum) Secretary-General 1988, Sep – 1992, Jan 1 Nakajima, Hiroshi (m) (Japan) (b. World Health Organization WHO Director-General 1988, Jul 21 – 1998, Jul 21 1928 – d. 2013) Category 2 Nakao, Takehiko (m) (Japan) (b. Asian Development Bank ADB President 2013, Apr 28 – 1956) Nan Nguema, Marc Saturnin (m) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1981, Jul 1 – 1983, Jun 30 (Gabon) (b. 1934 – d. 2012)

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Category 3 Nandan, Satya N. (m) (Fiji) (b. International Seabed Authority ISA Secretary-General 1996, Mar 21 – 2008, Dec 31 1936) Category 2 Nansen, Fridtjof (m) (Norway) (b. League of Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 1921, Sep 1 – 1930, May 13 1861 – d. 1930) Category 1 Kuehl, Nobel Prize Narasimhan, Chakravarthi V. (m) Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East UN ECAFE (January 1974 Economic and Social (India) (b. 1915 – d. 2003) Category Commission for Asia and the Pacific UN ESCAP) Executive Secretary 1956 – 1959 2 Narbayev, Bekzhassar (m) Economic Cooperation Organization ECO (prev. Regional Cooperation for Development) Secretary-General (Kazakhstan) (b. 1943) Category 3 2003, Aug – 2004, Jan Nares, John Dodd (m) (U.K.) (b. International Hydrographic Bureau IHB (International Hydrographic Organization 22 September 1970) 1877 – d. 1957) Category 3 President of the Directing Committee 1932 – 1952 Ndiaye, Babacar (m) (Senegal) (b. African Development Bank AfDB President 1985, May – 1995, Aug 1936) Category 2 Nedialkov, Danail (m) (Bulgaria) (b. Danube Commission Director-General 2000, Jul 1 – 2007 ?) Category 3 Népote, Jean (m) (France) (b. 1915 International Criminal Police Organization ICPO/Interpol Secretary-General 1971-1978 (was Secretary- – d. 2000) Category 2 General starting in 1963, but before 1971 Interpol was NGO, not IGO) Ngwenya, Sindiso Ndema (m) Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa COMESA (prev. Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and st (Zimbabwe) (b. 1951) (1 time Southern Africa PTA) Secretary-General 1997, Apr 17 – 1998, Jun acting) and (2nd time, acting to 30 June 2008) Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa COMESA (prev. Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern Africa PTA) Secretary-General (acting to 30 Jun 2008) 2008, May – Niblack, Albert P. (m) (U.S.) (b. International Hydrographic Bureau IHB (International Hydrographic Organization 22 September 1970) of 1859 – d. 1929) Category 3 the Directing Committee 1927– 1929, Aug 20 Nicholls, Sir Neville V. (m) Caribbean Development Bank CDB President 1988 – 2001, Apr 30 (Barbados) (b. 1933) Category 3 Nichols, C.L. (m) (U.S.) (b. 1892 – International Hydrographic Bureau IHB (International Hydrographic Organization 22 September 1970) d. 1972) Category 3 President of the Directing Committee 1952 – 1957 Nielsen, Ove (m) (Denmark) (b. Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization IMCO (1982: International Maritime Organization) 1893? – d. 1961) Category 3 Secretary-General 1959, Jan 13 – 1961, Nov 20 Niemeyer, Sir Otto Ernst (m) Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board 1937, May – 1940, May (U.K.) (b. 1883 – d. 1971) Category Oxford DNB

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2 Nixon, Frank Horsefall (m) (U.K.) League of Nations Economic and Financial Section / Organization Director 1921, Jan 15 – 1922, Jul 1 (b. ?) (acting) Njotowijono, Umarjadi (m) Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Secretary-General 1978, Feb 19 – 1978, Jun 30 (Indonesia) (b. 1910) Noble, Ronald Kenneth (m) (U.S.) International Criminal Police Organization ICPO/Interpol Secretary-General 2000, Nov 2 – 2014, Nov 7 (b. 1956) Nomvete, Bax Dale (m) (South Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern Africa PTA (1994 Common Market for Eastern and Africa) (b. 1922 – d. 2000) Category Southern Africa COMESA) Secretary-General 1984 – 1990 3 Noor, Muhammad Yacob (m) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 2010, Jan 1 – 2012, Dec 31 (Malaysia) (b. 1951) Noor Adlan (m) (Malaysia) (b. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 1998 – 1999, Jan 4 1939) Nordström, Anders (m) (Sweden) World Health Organization WHO Director-General 2006, May 23 – 2007, Jan 3 (b. 1960) (acting) Noyer, Christian (m) (France) Bank for International Settlements, Chairman, 2010 Mar – 2015, Oct 31 (b. 1950) Nurgaliyev, Bolat Shanghai Cooperation Organization SCO Secretary-General 2007, Jan 1 – 2010, Jan 21 Kabdylkhamitovich (m) (Kazakhstan) (b. 1951) Category 2 Nwanze, Kanayo F. (m) (Nigeria) International Fund for Agricultural Development IFAD President 2009, Apr 1 – (b. ?) Nyun, U (m) (Burma) (b. 1910 – d. Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East UN ECAFE (January 1974 Economic and Social ?) Category 3 Commission for Asia and the Pacific UN ESCAP) Executive Secretary 1959 – 1973 Oancea, Constantin (m) (Romania) Warsaw Treaty Organization (Warsaw Pact) Secretary-General of the Political Consultative Committee (b. ?) Category 2 1988, Jul 16 – 1989, Jul 8 Obaid, Thoraya Ahmed (f) (Saudi United Nations Population Fund UNFPA (prev. United Nations Fund for Population Activities) Executive Arabia) (b. 1945) Category 2 Director 2001, Jan 1 – 2010 Obasi, Godwin Olu Patrick (m) World Meteorological Organization WMO (prev. International Meteorological Organization IMO) Secretary- (Nigeria) (b. 1933 – d. 2007) General 1984, Jan 1 – 2003, Dec 31 Category 2 Ocampo, José Antonio (m) Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean UN ECLAC (prev. Economic Commission for

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(Colombia) (b. 1952) Category 2 Latin America UN ECLA) Executive Secretary 1998, Jan – 2003, Aug Odunton, Nii Allotey (m) (Ghana) International Seabed Authority ISA Secretary-General 2009, Jan 1 – 2017, Jan 1 (b. 1951) Ogata, Sadako (née Nakasuma) (f) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 1990, Feb 18 – 2000, Dec 31 (Japan) (b. 1927) Category 1 Okelo-Odongo, Tom (m) African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States ACP Secretary-General 1979 – 1984 (Kenya) (b. 1927) Category 2 Olimov, Rashid (m) (Tajikstan) Shanghai Cooperation Organization SCO Secretary-General 2016, Jan 1 – (b. 1953) also spelled Alimov Omari, Dunstan Alfred (m) East African Community EAC Secretary-General 1967, Jun 6 – 1968 (Tanganyika / Kenya) (b. 1922 – d. 1993) Category 2 O’Neil, William A. (m) (Canada) (b. International Maritime Organization IMO (prev. Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization) 1927) Category 2 Secretary-General 1990, Jan 1 – 2003, Dec 31 Ong Keng Yong (Singapore) (m) (b. Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Secretary-General 2003, Jan 1 – 2007, Dec 31 1954) Category 2 Onu, Peter (m) (Nigeria) (b. 1931 – Organization of African Unity OAU (2002 African Union) Secretary-General 1983, Jun 12 – 1985, Jul 20 d. 1997) (acting) Category 2 Opertti Badán, Didier (m) Latin American Integration Association LAIA Secretary-General 2005, Mar 18 – 2009, Aug 18 (Uruguay) (b. 1937) Category 2 Orazbay, Askhat T. (m) Economic Cooperation Organization ECO (prev. Regional Cooperation for Development) Secretary-General (Kazakhstan) (b. 1960) Category 3 2004, Jan – 2006, Aug Oreja y Aguirre, Marcelino (m) Council of Europe CoE Secretary-General 1984, Oct 1 – 1989, Jun 1 (Spain) (b. 1935) Category 1 Orfila, Alejandro (m) (Argentina) Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910- (b. 1925) Category 1 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 1975, May 18 – 1984, Mar 31 Orr, Sir John Boyd (m) (U.K.) (b. Food and Agriculture Organization FAO Director-General 1945, Oct – 1948, Apr 26 1880 – d. 1971) Category 1 Kuehl (under Boyd), Nobel Prize, Oxford DNB Ortiz Durán, René Genaro (m) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1979, Jan 1 – 1981, Jun 30 (Ecuador) (b. 1941) Category 2 Ortiz Martínez, Guillermo (m) Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board 2009, Mar – 2009, Dec 31 (Mexico) (b. 1948) Ortiz Mena, Antonio (m) (Mexico) Inter-American Development Bank IADB President 1971, Mar 1 – 1988, Mar 31

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(b. 1908 – d. 2007) Category 2 Ortoli, François-Xavier (m) European Community EC (prev. European Economic Community EEC 1967; European Union EU 1993) (France) (b. 1925 – d. 2007) President of the European Commission 1973, Jan 9 – 1977, Jan 5 Category 1 Osio, Bernardino (m) (Italy) (b. Latin Union LU Secretary-General 2000, Dec – 2009, Jan 1 1934) Category 3 Osotimehin, Babatunde (m) United Nations Population Fund UNFPA (prev. United Nations Fund for Population Activities) Executive (Nigeria) (b. 1949) Director 2011, Jan 1 – Ostertag, Fritz (m) (Switzerland) (b. United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property BIRPI (1970 World Intellectual 1868 – d. 1948) Category 3 Property Organization WIPO) Director 1926 – 1938 Ouaïdo, Nassour Guelendouksia Economic Community of Central African States ECCAS Secretary-General 2012, Feb 28 – 2013, Aug 5 (m) (Chad) (b. 1947) Ouattara, Aboubakar Diaby (m) Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS Executive Secretary 1976, Nov 1 – 1984, Nov 1 (Côte d’Ivoire) (b. 1938) Category 3 Ouedraogo, Kadré Désiré (m) Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS President of the Commission 2012, Mar 1 – 2016, (Burkina Faso) (b. 1953) Apr 8 Oumarou, Ide (m) (Niger) (b. 1937 Organization of African Unity OAU (2002 African Union Secretary-General 1985, Jul 20 – 1989, Sep 19 – d. 2002) Category 2 Overby, Andrew N. (m) (U.S.) (b. International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 1951, May 6 – 1951, Aug 3 1909 – d. 1984) (acting) Owada, Hisashi (m) (Japan) (b. International Court of Justice ICJ President 2009, Feb 6 – 2012, Feb 6 1932) Ozar, Onder (m) (Turkey) (b. ?) Economic Cooperation Organization ECO (prev. Regional Cooperation for Development) Secretary-General Category 3 1996 – 2000 Pacha Vicente, Esteban (m) (Spain) International Mobile Satellite Organization IMSO (prev. International Maritime Satellite Organization (b. 1962) INMARSAT) Director-General 2007, Apr 15 – 2015, Apr 14 Pachachi, Nadim (m) (Iraq) (b. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1971, Jan 1 – 1972, Dec 31 1914 – d. 1976) Pachauri, Rajendra Kumar (m) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC Chair 2002 – 2015, Feb 24 (India) (b. 1940) Pahr, Willibald (m) (Austria) (b. World Tourism Organization UNWTO Secretary-General 1986, Jan 1 – 1989, Dec 31 1930) Category 3 Pangelinan, Lourdes (f) (Guam) (b. Pacific Community (prev. South Pacific Commission SPC) Director-General 2000, Jan 6 – 2006, Jan 23

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1954) Category 3 Paris, Jacques Camille (m) (France) Council of Europe CoE Secretary-General 1949, Aug 11 – 1953, Sep 17 (b. 1902 – d. 1953) Category 3 Parra, Francisco R. (m) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1968, Jan 1 – 1968, Dec 31 (Venezuela) (b. 1929) Parry, John F. (m) (U.K.) (b. 1863 International Hydrographic Bureau IHB (International Hydrographic Organization 22 September 1970) – d. 1926) Category 2 President of the Directing Committee 1921 – 1926, Aug 26 Pastore, Oscar (m) (Paraguay) (b. ?) Southern Common Market MERCOSUR Director of the Executive Secretariat 2014, Jul 1 – 2016, Dec 31 Pate, Maurice (m) (U.S.) (b. 1894 – United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (United Nations Children’s Fund UNICEF as of 6 d. 1965) Category 2 October 1953) Executive Director 1947, Jan – 1965, Jan 19 Patolichev, Nikolay Semyonovich Warsaw Treaty Organization (Warsaw Pact) Secretary-General of the Political Consultative Committee (m) (Soviet Union) (b. 1908 – d. 1958, 24 May – 1960, Feb 4 1989) Pauli, Laurent (m) (Switzerland) (b. International Bureau of Education IBE Director 1968 ?) (acting) Pavlov, Aleksandr (m) (Soviet Council for Mutual Economic Assistance CMEA (COMECON) Secretary-General 1950, Nov 24 – Union) (b. ?) Category 2 1958, May 20 Paye, Jean-Claude (m) (France) (b. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD (prev. Organization for European 1934) (1st time) and (2nd time) Economic Cooperation) Secretary-General 1984, Oct – 1994, Sep 29 Category 1 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD (prev. Organization for European Economic Cooperation) Secretary-General 1994, Nov 30 – 1996, May 31 Pelosse, Hélène (f) (France) (b. International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA Director-General 2009, Jun 30 – 2010, Oct 21 1970) (interim) Pereira, Domingos Simões (m) Community of Portuguese Language Countries CPLP Executive Secretary 2008, Jul 25 – 2012, Sep 18 (Guinea-Bissau) (b. 1963) Pereira, Dulce Maria (f) (Brazil) (b. Community of Portuguese Language Countries CPLP Executive Secretary 2000, Jul – 2002, Aug 1 1954) Category 3 Pereira, Renato Cláudio Costa (m) International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO Secretary-General 1997, Aug 1 – 2003, Jul 31 (Brazil) (b. 1936) Category 2 Pérez de Cuéllar, Javier (m) (Peru) United Nations UN Secretary-General 1982, Jan 1 – 1991, Dec 31 (b. 1920) Category 1 Pérez del Castillo, Carlos (m) Latin American [and Caribbean] Economic System SELA Permanent Secretary 1987 – 1991

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(Uruguay) (b. 1944) Category 3 Pérez-Guerrero, Manuel (m) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD Secretary-General 1969, Mar – 1974, Mar (Venezuela) (b. 1911 – d. 1985) Category 2 Perrin de Brichambaut, Marc (m) Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe OSCE (prev. Conference on Security and Cooperation (France) (b. 1948) in Europe) Secretary-General 2005, Jun 21 – 2011, Jul 1 Peterson, Rudolph A. (m) (U.S.) (b. United Nations Development Programme UNDP Administrator 1972 – 1976 1904 – d. 2003) Category 3 Pfirter, Rogelio (m) (Argentina) (b. Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons OPCW Director-General 2002, Jul 25 – 2010, Jul 25 1948) Category 2 Phaff, Johan Marie (m) International Hydrographic Bureau IHB (International Hydrographic Organization 22 September 1970) (Netherlands) (b. 1857 – d. 1945) President of the Directing Committee 1926, Aug 26 – 1927 Category 3 Phan Wannamethee (m) (Thailand) Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Secretary-General 1984, Jul 16 – 1986, Jul 15 (b. 1923) Category 2 Phelan, Edward Joseph (m) International Labour Organization ILO Director of the International Labour Office 1941, Feb 16 – 1948, (Ireland) (b. 1888 – d. 1967) (acting Aug 23 to 16 Sep 1946, then Director- Kuehl General) Category 1 Piaget, Jean (m) (Switzerland) (b. International Bureau of Education IBE Director 1929 – 1967 1896 – d. 1980) Category 2 Piamsak Milintachinda (m) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 2003, Jan 1 – 2004, Jan 1 (Thailand) (b. 1950) Picasso Botto, Manuel Ernesto (m) Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization ACTO Secretary-General 2009, Jul – 2011, Mar 1 (Peru) (b. ?) Pierce, Charles (m) (U.S.) (b. 1900 International Hydrographic Bureau IHB (International Hydrographic Organization 22 September 1970) – d. 1965) President of the Directing Committee 1962 – 1965, Jul 7 Pillay, Navanethem (f) (South Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights OHCHR High Commissioner for Africa) (b. 1941) Human Rights 2008, Sep 1 – 2014, Sep 1 Ping, Jean (m) (Gabon) (b. 1942) African Union AU (prev. Organization of African Unity) Chairman of the Commission 2008, Apr 28 – 2012, Oct 15 Piot, Peter (m) (Belgium) (b. 1949) UNAIDS, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS Executive Director 1994, Dec 12 – 2008, Dec Category 2

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Plaza Lasso, Galo (m) (Ecuador) (b. Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910 – 1906 – d. 1987) Category 2 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 1968, May 18 – 1975, May 18 Pote Sarasin (m) (Thailand) (b. Southeast Asian Treaty Organization SEATO Secretary-General 1957, Sep 5 – 1963, Dec 13 1905 – d. 2000) Category 2 Prebisch Linares, Raúl Federico Economic Commission for Latin America UN ECLA (1984 Economic Commission for Latin America and (m) (Argentina) (b. 1901 – d. 1986) the Caribbean UN ECLAC) Executive Secretary 1950, May – 1963, Jul Category 1 United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD Secretary-General 1964 – 1969, Mar Preston, Lewis Thompson (m) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD (World Bank) President 1991, Sep 1 – 1995, (U.S.) (b. 1926 – d. 1995) Category 2 May 4 Price, Byron (m) (U.S.) (b. 1891 – United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration UNRRA Director General 1948, Oct 1 – 1949, Mar d. 1981) 31 Prodi, Romano (m) (Italy) (b. 1939) European Union EU (prev. European Economic Community 1967; European Community 1993) President of Category 1 the European Commission 1999, Sep 15 – 2004, Nov 22 Purcell, Jr., James Nelson (m) International Organization for Migration IOM (1952 Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration (U.S.) (b. 1938) Category 1 ICEM; 1980 Intergovernmental Committee for Migration ICM; as of 14 November 1989 IOM) Director-General 1988, Oct 1 – 1998, Sep 30 Puri, Lakshmi (f) (India) (B. 1952) UN Women, the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women Executive (interim) Director, 2013, Mar – 2013, Aug Purnomo Yusgiantoro (m) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 2004, Jan 1 – 2004, Dec 31 (Indonesia) (b. 1951) (acting) (during this time the elected President of the Conference who had the mandate to also supervise the Secretariat) Quijano Capurro, José Manuel (m) Southern Common Market MERCOSUR Director of the Executive Secretariat 2008, Jan 1 – 2009, Dec 31 (Uruguay) (b. 1944) Quiñónez Abarca, Aníbal Enrique Central American Integration System SICA Secretary-General 2005, Jan 1 – 2009, Jan (m) (Honduras) (b. 1950) Category 2 Quintana, Carlos (m) (Mexico) (b. Economic Commission for Latin America UN ECLA (1984 Economic Commission for Latin America and 1912) Category 3 the Caribbean UN ECLAC) Executive Secretary 1967, Jan – 1972, Mar Rabaeus, Bengt (m) (Sweden) (b. European Free Trade Association EFTA Secretary-General 1972, May 6 – 1975, Nov 30 1917 – d. 2010) Category 3 Rabbaglietti Amor, Linda (f) Southern Common Market MERCOSUR Director of the Executive Secretariat 2017, Jan 1 – (Uruguay) (b. ?) Räber, Joseph (m) (Switzerland) (b. International Telegraph Union ITU Director 1928, Feb 1 – 1933, Dec 31 1872 – d. 1934) Category 2

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International Telecommunication Union ITU Director 1934, Jan 1 – 1934, Oct 30 Radford, Sir Ronald (m) (U.K.) (b. Customs Cooperation Council CCC (1994 World Customs Organization WCO) Secretary-General 1978, Sep 1916 – d. 1995) Category 2 1 – 1983, Dec 31 Rahi, Michel (m) (Egypt) (b. 1912 – Universal Postal Union UPU Director-General 1967 – 1973, Jan 20 d. 1973) Category 2 Rahim, Q.A.M.A. (m) (Bangladesh) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 2002, Jan 11 – 2005, Feb 28 (b. 1942) Category 3 Rainford, Roderick (m) Caribbean Community CARICOM (prev. Caribbean Free Trade Association CARIFTA July 1973) Secretary- (Jamaica) (b. 1940) Category 2 General 1983, Sep – 1992, Aug 1 Rajapakse, Damayanthi (f) (Sri South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 2012, Jan 22 – 2012, Mar 12 Lanka) (b. ?) (acting) Rajchman, Ludwik Witold (m) League of Nations Health Section / Organization Director 1921, Jun – 1939, Feb 1 (Poland) (b. 1881 – d. 1965) Kuehl Category 1 Ramcharan, Bertrand G. (m) Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights OHCHR High Commissioner for (Guyana) (b. ?) (acting) Category 3 Human Rights 2003, Aug. 19 – 2004, Jul Ramlakhan, Robby Dewnarain (m) Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization ACTO Secretary-General 2012, Jul 1 – (Suriname) (b. 1956) Ramphal, Sir Shridath (m) Commonwealth, The Secretary-General 1975, Jul 1 – 1990, Jun 30 (Guyana) (b. 1928) Category 2 Ramsamy, Prega (m) (Mauritius) Southern African Development Community SADC (as of 17 August 1992, prev. Southern African (b. 1950) (acting to 9 Mar 2001) Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) Executive Secretary 2000, Jan 1 – 2005, Aug 31 Category 3 Rapota, Grigory Alekseyevich (m) Eurasian Economic Community EAEC (2014 Eurasian Economic Union) Secretary-General 2001, Oct 29 – (Russia) (b. 1944) Category 2 2007, Oct 6 Rasmussen, Anders Fogh (m) North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 2009, Aug 1 – 2014, Sep 30 (Denmark) (b. 1953) Rasolondraibe, Henri (m) Indian Ocean Commission COI Secretary-General 1989, Jun – 1993, Jun (Madagascar) (b. ? – d. 2000) Category 3 Read, James Morgan (m) (U.S.) (b. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 1956, Jul 8 – 1956, Dec 31 1908 – d. 1985) (acting) Reinke, Manfred (m) (Germany) (b. Antarctic Treaty Executive Secretary 2009, Sep 1 –

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1952) Reisch, Georg (m) (Austria) (b. European Free Trade Association EFTA Secretary-General 1988, Apr 16 – 1994, Aug 31 1930) Category 3 Rennie, John Shaw (m) (U.K.) (b. United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Commissioner- 1917 – d. 2002) Category 3 General 1971, May 15 – 1977, Mar 31 Oxford DNB Rey, Jean (m) (Belgium) (b. 1902 – European Community EC (prev. European Economic Community EEC 1967; European Union EU 1993) d. 1983) Category 3 President of the European Commission 1967, Jun 30 – 1970, Jul 1 Reyes, Narciso G. (m) (Philippines) Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Secretary-General 1980, Jul 1 – 1982, Jul 1 (b. 1914 – d. 1996) Category 3 Riad, Mahmoud (m) (Egypt) (b. Arab League Secretary-General 1972, Jun 1 – 1979, Mar 1917 – d. 1992) Category 2 Ricupero, Rubens (m) (Brazil) (b. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD Secretary-General 1995, Sep 15 – 2004, 1937) Category 2 Sep 15 Ridge, Anthony H. (m) (U.K.) (b. Universal Postal Union UPU Director-General 1973, May 18 – 1974, Dec 1913) Category 3 Rifai, Taleb (m) (Jordan) (b. 1949) World Tourism Organization UNWTO Secretary-General 2009, Mar 1 – (acting to 31 Dec 2009) Ritchie, George Stephen (m) (U.K.) International Hydrographic Organization IHO (International Hydrographic Bureau 22 September 1970) (b. 1914) Category 3 President of the Directing Committee 1972 – 1982 Rivera Banuet, José (m) (Mexico) Latin American [and Caribbean] Economic System SELA Permanent Secretary 2008 – 2013, Feb (b. ?) Robertson, Baron George (m) North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 1999, Oct 14 – 2003, Dec 16 (U.K.) (b. 1946) Category 1 Robinson, Mary Therese Winifred Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights OHCHR High Commissioner for (née Bourke) (f) (Ireland) (b. 1944) Human Rights 1997, Sep 12 – 2002, Sep 11 Category 1 Robinson, Thomas C.M. (m) (U.S.) World Food Programme WFP Executive Director 1976, May 17 – 1977, Sep 30 (b. 1912) (acting to 1 Jul 1977) Category 3 Rochat, Philippe H.P. (m) International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO Secretary-General 1991, Aug 1 – 1997, Jul 31 (Switzerland) (b. 1942) Category 2 Rodgers, Jimmie (m) (Solomon Pacific Community (prev. South Pacific Commission SPC) Director-General 2006, Jan 23 – 2014, Jan 23

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Islands) (b. ?) Rodrigo, Nihal (m) (Sri Lanka) (b. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 1999, Jan 1 – 2002, Jan 10 ?) Category 3 Rodríguez Araque, Alí (m) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 2001, Jan 1 – 2002, Jun 30 (Venezuela) (b. 1937) Category 2 Union of South American Nations UNASUR Secretary-General 2012, Jun 11 – 2014, Aug 21 Rodríguez Echeverría, Miguel Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910 – Ángel (m) (Costa Rica) (b. 1940) 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 2004, Sep 15 – 2004, Oct 15 Category 3 Rojas Penso, Juan Francisco (m) Latin American Integration Association LAIA Secretary-General 1998, Nov – 2005, Mar 17 (Venezuela) (b. 1952 – d. 2010) Category 3 Román y Vega, Albino (m) Organization of Central American States ODECA Secretary-General 1964, Feb 15 – 1969, Mar 31 (Nicaragua) (b. 1922) (interim) Rooks, Lowell Ward (m) (U.S.) (b. United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration UNRRA Director General 1947, Jan 1 – 1948, Sep 1893 – d. 1973) Category 3 30 Rooth, Ivar (m) (Sweden) (b. 1888 – International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 1951, Aug 3 – 1956, Oct 3 d. 1972) Category 3 Kuehl Roper, Albert (m) (France) (b. 1891 International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO Secretary-General 1947, May 28 – 1951, Dec 31 – d. 1969) Category 3 Rosenthal, Gert (m) (Guatemala) (b. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean UN ECLAC (prev. Economic Commission for 1935) Category 3 Latin America UN ECLA) Executive Secretary 1988, Jan – 1997, Dec Rossier, William (m) (Switzerland) European Free Trade Association EFTA Secretary-General 2000, Sep 1 – 2006, Aug 31 (b. 1942) Category 3 Rossillon, Philippe (m) (France) (b. Latin Union LU Secretary-General 1983 – 1997, Sep 6 1931 – d. 1997) Category 3 Roth, Jean-Pierre (m) (Switzerland) Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 2006, Mar – 2009, (b. 1946) Category 2 Feb Rothen, Timotheus (m) International Telegraph Union ITU (1934 International Telecommunication Union) Director 1890, Nov 25 – (Switzerland) (b. 1830 – d. 1897) 1897, Feb 11 Category 2 Rothlisberger, Ernest (m) United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property BIRPI (1970 World Intellectual (Switzerland) (b. 1858 – d. 1926) Property Organization WIPO) Director 1922 – 1926

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Category 2 Rouhani, Fuad (m) (Iran) (b. 1907 – Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1961, Jan 21 – 1964, Apr 30 d. 2004) Category 3 Regional Cooperation for Development RCD (1985 Economic Cooperation Organization ECO) Secretary- General 1965, Mar –1968, Mar Roullier, Jean-Eudes (m) (France) Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization IMCO (1982: International Maritime Organization) (b. 1931 – d. 2010) Category 2 Secretary-General 1963, Jan 10 – 1967, Dec 31 Rowe, Leo Stanton (m) (U.S.) (b. Pan American Union (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1948 Organization of 1871 – d. 1946) Category 2 American States) Director-General 1920, Sep 1 – 1946, Dec 5 Kuehl Rublee, George (m) (U.S.) (b. 1868 Inter-Governmental Committee on Refugees IGCR Director 1938, Aug – 1939, Apr – d. 1957) Category 3 Ruda, José María (m) (Argentina) International Court of Justice ICJ President 1988, Feb 24 – 1991, Feb 7 (b. 1924 – d. 1994) Category 2 Ruffy, Eugène (m) (Switzerland) (b. Universal Postal Union UPU Director 1899 – 1919, Oct 25 1854 – d. 1919) Category 3 Ruggiero, Renato (m) (Italy) (b. World Trade Organization WTO (prev. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) Director-General 1995, 1930) Category 1 May 1 – 1999, Sep 1 Ruiz Marmolejo, Francisco José Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization ACTO Secretary-General 2007, Jul 2 – 2009, Jul (m) (Colombia) (b. 1959) (acting) Rushailo, Vladimir (m) (Russia) (b. Commonwealth of Independent States CIS Executive Secretary 2004, Jun 14 – 2007, Oct 5 1953) Category 3 Rusli Noor (m) (Indonesia) (b. 1927) Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Secretary-General 1989, Jul 17 – 1993, Jan 1 Category 2 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 1994 – 1995 Rusu, Martin (m) (Romania) (b. ?) Danube Commission Director-General 1960 – 1963 Category 3 Ruyssenaers, Leonard Henri (m) Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 1901 – 1905 (Netherlands) (b. 1850 – d. 1913) Category 3 Ryan, John (m) (New Zealand) (b. Colombo Plan Director 1991, Jul – 1994, Dec ?) Category 3 Rydbeck, Olof (m) (Sweden) (b. United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Commissioner-

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1913 – d. 1995) Category 3 General 1979, Jul 9 – 1985, Oct 31 Ryder, Guy (m) (U.K.) (b. 1956) International Labour Organization ILO Director-General of the International Labour Office 2012, Oct 1 – Sadik, Nafis (f) (Pakistan) (b. 1929) United Nations Population Fund UNFPA (prev. United Nations Fund for Population Activities) Executive Category 1 Director 1987 – 2000 Sahlgren, Klaus (m) (Finland) (b. Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Executive Secretary 1983 – 1986 1928) Category 3 Salari, Alireza (m) (Iran) (b. ?) Economic Cooperation Organization ECO (prev. Regional Cooperation for Development) Secretary-General Category 2 1988 – 1992 Salas, Rafael Montinola (m) United Nations Fund for Population Activities UNFPA (1987 United Nations Population Fund) Executive (Philippines) (b. 1928 – d. 1987) Director 1969 – 1987 Category 2 Salato, E. Maciu (m) (Fiji) (b. 1915 South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1975, Dec 9 – 1979, Jun 30 – d. 1990) Category 3 Saleem, Ahmed (m) (Maldives) (b. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 2012, Mar 12 – 2014, Feb 28 1949) Salim, Salim Ahmed (m) (Tanzania) Organization of African Unity OAU (2002 African Union Secretary-General 1989, Jul 27 – 2001, Sep 17 (b. 1942) Category 1 Salomão, Tomaz Augusto (m) Southern African Development Community SADC (as of 17 August 1992, prev. Southern African (Mozambique) (b. 1954) Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) Executive Secretary 2005, Sep 1 – 2013, Aug 31 Salter, Sir James Arthur (m) League of Nations Communications and Transit Section / Organization Director 1922, Jul 1 – 1930, Dec 31 (U.K.) (b. 1881 – d. 1975) Category Kuehl, Oxford DNB 1 League of Nations Economic and Financial Section / Organization Director 1919, Jun 13 – 1920, Jan 24

League of Nations Economic and Financial Section / Organization Director 1922, Jul 1 – 1930, Dec 31 Samper Pizano, Ernesto (m) Union of South American Nations UNASUR Secretary-General 2014, Aug 22 – (Colombia) (b. 1950) San Miguel Rodríguez, Walker (m) Andean Community of Nations CAN General Secretary 2016, Jan 11 – (Bolivia) (b. 1963) Sánchez Ballivián, Sergio Hugo Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization ACTO Secretary-General 2002 – 2004 (m) (Bolivia) (b. ?) (interim) Sanger, Elrich (m) (Indonesia) (b. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1969, Jan 1 – 1969, Dec 31 1927)

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Sani Abani, Ibrahim (m) (Niger) (b. Community of Sahel-Saharan States CEN-SAD Secretary-General 2012, Sep – ?) (acting to 18 Feb 2013, then interim) Santamaría Jaimes, Óscar Alfredo Central American Integration System SICA Secretary-General 2000, Jul 1 – 2004, Dec 31 (m) (El Salvador) (b. 1942) Category 3 Santer, Jacques (m) (Luxembourg) European Union EU (prev. European Economic Community 1967; European Community 1993) President of (b. 1937) Category 1 the European Commission 1995, Jan 24 – 1999, Jul 14 Saouma, Édouard Victor (m) Food and Agriculture Organization FAO Director-General 1976, Jan 1 – 1993, Dec 31 (Lebanon) (b. 1926 – d. 2012) Category 1 Sargsyan, Tigran Sureni (m) Eurasian Economic Union EAEU (prev. Eurasian Economic Community) Chairman of the Eurasian Economic (Armenia) (b. 1960) Commission 2016, Feb 1 – Sarwate, Manohar Balaji (m) International Telecommunication Union ITU (prev. International Telegraph Union) Secretary-General 1965, (India) (b. 1910 – d. 1967) Category Oct 30 – 1967, Feb 19 3 Sato, Mitsuo (m) (Japan) (b. 1933 – Asian Development Bank ADB President 1993, Nov 24 – 1999, Jan 15 d. 2002) Category 2 Savignac, Antonio Enríquez (m) World Tourism Organization UNWTO Secretary-General 1990, Jan 1 – 1996, Aug 31 (Mexico) (b. 1931 – d. 2007) Category 3 Saxrud, Gudmund (m) (Norway) Nordic Council of Ministers Secretary-General 1972 – 1973 (b. 1920) Category 3 Scheiber, Robert (m) (Mauritius) (b. Indian Ocean Commission COI Administrator 1988, Jun – 1989, Jun ?) Schmögnerová, Brigita (f) Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Executive Secretary 2002 – 2005 (Slovakia) (b. 1947) Category 3 Schnyder, Félix (m) (Switzerland) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 1960 – 1965 (b. 1910 – d. 1992) Category 2 Schwebel, Stephen Myron (m) International Court of Justice ICJ President 1997, Feb 6 – 2000, Feb 7 (U.S.) (b. 1929) Category 2 Schweitzer, Pierre-Paul (m) International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 1963, Sep 1 – 1973, Aug 31 (France) (b. 1912 – d. 1994)

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Category 1 Schwimmer, Walter (m) (Austria) Council of Europe CoE Secretary-General 1999, Sep 1 – 2004, Sep 1 (b. 1942) Category 3 Scotland, Patricia Janet (f) (U.K.) Commonwealth, The Secretary-General 2016, Apr 1 – (b. 1955) Secrétan, Jacques (m) (Switzerland) United International Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property BIRPI (1970 World Intellectual (b. 1897 – d. 1963) Category 3 Property Organization WIPO) Director 1953 – 1963 Sekimizu, Koji (m) (Japan) (b. International Maritime Organization IMO (prev. Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization) 1952) Secretary-General 2012, Jan 1 – 2015, Dec 31 Sen, Binay Ranjan (m) (India) (b. Food and Agriculture Organization FAO Director-General 1956, Nov 26 – 1967, Dec 31 1898 – d. 1993) Category 1 Serbini Ali (m) (Brunei Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 2000, Jan 4 – 2001, Jan 1 Darussalam) (b. 1955) Sergent, René (m) (France) (b. 1904 Organization for European Economic Cooperation OEEC (1961 Organization for Economic Cooperation – d. 1984) Category 2 and Development) Secretary-General 1955, Apr 1 – 1960, Sep 1 Severino, Jr., Rodolfo Certeza (m) Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Secretary-General 1998, Jan 1 – 2002, Dec 31 (Philippines) (b. 1936) Category 2 Sezibera, Richard (m) (Rwanda) (b. East African Community EAC Secretary-General 2011, Apr 19 – 2016, Apr 25 1964) Sharifuddin Pirzada, Syed (m) Organization of the Islamic Conference OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation since 28 June 2011) (Pakistan) (b. 1923) Category 3 Secretary-General 1985, Jan 1 – 1988, Dec 31 Sharma, Kamalesh (m) (India) (b. Commonwealth, The Secretary-General 2008, Apr 1 – 2016 1941) Sharma, Sheel Kanta (m) (India) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 2008, Mar 1 – 2011, Mar 1 (b. 1950) Shaver, James W. (m) (U.S.) (b. ?) World Customs Organization WCO (prev. Customs Cooperation Council CCC) Secretary-General 1994, Jan Category 3 1 – 1998, Dec 31 Sheeran, Josette (f) (U.S.) (b. 1954) World Food Programme WFP Executive Director 2007, Apr 10 – 2012, Apr 4 Sheppard, John (m) (Australia) (b. South Pacific Forum SPF (2000 Pacific Islands Forum) Director of the South Pacific Bureau for Economic ?) (acting) Cooperation 1982 – 1982, Dec Shi Jiuyong (m) (China) (b. 1926) International Court of Justice ICJ President 2003, Feb 6 – 2006, Feb 6 Category 2 Shihab-Eldin, Adnan (m) (Kuwait) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 2005, Jan 1 – 2005, Dec 31

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

(b. 1943) (acting) Shinbaum, Gilbert H. (m) (U.S.) (b. Colombo Plan Director 1986, Jul – 1991, Jul 1929) Category 3 Sial, Amjad Hussein B. (m) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 2017, Mar 1 – (Pakistan) (b. 1956) Siazon, Jr., Domingo L. (m) United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNIDO Director-General 1985, Aug – 1993, Jan (Philippines) (b. 1939 – d. 2016) Category 3 Siblesz, Hugo Hans (m) Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 2012, Jun 1 – (Netherlands) (b. 1948) Sidhu, Shivinder Singh (m) (India) International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO Secretary-General 1988, Aug 1 – 1991, Jul 31 (b. 1929) Category 3 Sidibé, Michel (m) (Mali) (b. 1952) UNAIDS, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS Executive Director 2009, Jan 1 – Silié Valdez, Rubén Arturo (m) Association of Caribbean States ACS Secretary-General 2004, Mar 1 – 2008, Feb (Dominican Republic) (b. 1946) Category 3 Silva Calderón, Álvaro (m) Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 2002, Jul 1 – 2003, Dec 31 (Venezuela) (b. 1929) Silwal, Yadav Kant (m) (Nepal) (b. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 1994, Jan 1 – 1995, Dec 31 1938) Singh, Nagendra (m) (India) (b. International Court of Justice ICJ President 1985, Feb 14 – 1988, Feb 24 1914 – d. 1988) Category 2 Slade, Tuiloma Neroni (m) (Samoa) Pacific Islands Forum PIF (prev. South Pacific Forum SPF, as of 27 October 2000 PIF) Secretary-General (b. 1941) 2008, Oct – 2014, Jul Smith, Arnold (m) (Canada) (b. Commonwealth, The Secretary-General 1965, Jun – 1975, Jun 30 1915 – d. 1994) Category 2 Smith, Thomas R. (m) (New South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1958, Mar 1 – 1963, Mar 2 Zealand) (b. 1904) Category 3 Smith, William Warren (m) Caribbean Development Bank CDB President 2011, May 1 – (Jamaica) (b. 1952) Smithers, Peter (m) (U.K.) (b. 1913 Council of Europe CoE Secretary-General 1964, Mar 16 – 1969, Sep 15 – d. 2006) Category 2 Oxford DNB Snouck Hurgronje, Aarnout Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 1948, Jan 1 – 1951, Mar 26

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Marinus (m) (Netherlands) (b. 1882 – d. 1951) Category 2 Snyder, Margaret E. (f) (U.S.) (b. United Nations Development Fund for Women UNIFEM Executive Director 1978 – 1989 ?) Category 2 Sobhi, Muhammad Ibrahim (m) Universal Postal Union UPU Director-General 1975, Jan 1 – 1984, Dec 31 (Egypt) (b. 1925) Category 2 Sohlman, Ragnar (m) (Sweden) (b. Nordic Council of Ministers Secretary-General 1982 – 1985 ?) Category 3 Sohlman, Staffan (m) (Sweden) (b. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD (prev. Organization for European 1937) (interim) Economic Cooperation) Secretary-General 1994, Sep 30 – 1994, Nov 29 Sokomanu, Ati George (m) South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1993, Jan 6 – 1996, Jan 7 (Vanuatu) (b. 1937) Category 3 Solana de Madariaga, Francisco North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 1995, Dec 5 – 1999, Oct 6 Javier (m) (Spain) (b. 1942) Category 1 Western European Union WEU Secretary-General 1999, Nov 25 – 2009, Nov 24 Solheim, Erik (m) (Norway) (b. United Nations Environment Programme UNEP Executive Director 2016, Jun 27 – 1955) Somavia, Juan (m) (Chile) (b. 1941) International Labour Organization ILO Director-General of the International Labour Office 1999, Mar 4 – 2012, Sep 30 Sommaruga, Cornelio (m) European Free Trade Association EFTA Secretary-General 1975, Dec 1 – 1975, Dec 31 (Switzerland) (b. 1932) (interim) Soomer, June (f) (Saint Lucia) (b. ?) Association of Caribbean States ACS Secretary-General 2016, Aug 1 – Song, Sang-Hyun (m) (South International Criminal Court President 2009, Mar 11 – 2015, Mar 11 Korea) (b. 1941) Southard, Jr., Frank A. (m) (U.S.) International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 1963, May 5 – 1963, Sep 1 (b. 1907 – d. 1989) (acting) Spaak, Paul-Henri Charles (m) North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 1957, May 16 – 1961, Jan 31 (Belgium) (b. 1899 – d. 1972) Kuehl Category 1 Spender, Sir Percy Claude (m) International Court of Justice ICJ President 1964, Mar 9 – 1967, Apr 9 (Australia) (b. 1897 – d. 1985) Category 2 Speth, James Gustave (Gus) (m) United Nations Development Programme UNDP Administrator 1993 – 1999, Jun 30

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(U.S.) (b. 1942) Category 3 Srivastava, Chandrika Prasad (m) Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization IMCO / International Maritime Organization (India) (b. 1920 – d. 2013) Category IMO (as of 22 May 1982) Secretary-General 1974, Jan 1 – 1989, Dec 31 2 Stafford, M. Douglas (m) (U.S.) (b. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 1990, Nov 2 – 1991, Feb 18 ?) (acting) Stanovnik, Janez (m) (Yugoslavia) Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Executive Secretary 1968 – 1982 (b. 1922) Category 3 Starościak, Jacek (m) (Poland) (b. Council of the Baltic Sea States CBSS Director-General 1998, Aug 15 – 2002, Sep 15 1947) Category 3 Steiner, Achim (m) (Germany) (b. United Nations Environment Programme UNEP Executive Director 2006, Jun 15 – 2016, Jun 26 1961) Stenbäck, Pär (m) (Finland) (b. Nordic Council of Ministers Secretary-General 1992 – 1996 1941) Category 3 Stikker, Dirk Uipko (m) North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 1961, Apr 21 – 1964, Aug 1 (Netherlands) (b. 1897 – d. 1979) Category 1 Stock, Jürgen (m) (Germany) (b. International Criminal Police Organization ICPO/Interpol Secretary-General 2014, Nov 7 – 1959) Stoltenberg, Jens (m) (Norway) (b. North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 2014, Oct 1 – 1959) Stoltenberg, Thorvald (m) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 1990, Jan 1 – 1990, Nov 2 (Norway) (b. 1931) Category 2 Stoppani, Pietro Angelo (m) (Italy) League of Nations Economic Relations Section / Organization Director 1931, Apr 1 – 1939, Mar 7 (b. 1897 – d. 1968) Category 3 Storar, Leonore E.T. (f) (U.K.) (b. Colombo Plan Director 1976, Jan – 1979, Jan 1920 – d. 1997) Category 3 Strachan, Douglas Alan (m) (U.S.) Colombo Plan Director 1966, Mar – 1969, Jun (b. 1903 – d. 1996) Category 3 Strasser, Hellmuth (m) (Austria) (b. Danube Commission Director-General 1990 – 2000 1934) Category 2 Strauss-Kahn, Dominique (m) International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 2007, Nov 1 – 2011, May 18 (France) (b. 1949)

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Strong, Maurice (m) (Canada) (b. United Nations Environment Programme UNEP Executive Director 1973, Jan 1 – 1975, Dec 1929 – d. 2015) Category 1 Subroto (m) (Indonesia) (b. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1984, Oct 31 – 1985, Dec 9 st nd 1928) (1 time acting) and (2 time) (during this time the elected President of the Conference who had the mandate to also supervise the Secretariat) Category 2 Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries OPEC Secretary-General 1988, Jul 1 – 1994, Jun 30 Sunthorn Hongladarom (m) Southeast Asian Treaty Organization SEATO Secretary-General 1972, Sep 5 – 1977, Jun 30 (Thailand) (b. 1912 – d. 1993) Category 3 Supachai Panitchpakdi (m) World Trade Organization WTO (prev. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) Director-General 2002, Sep (Thailand) (b. 1946) 1 – 2005, Sep 1

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD Secretary-General 2005, Sep 1 – 2013, Aug 31 Surin Pitsuwan (m) (Thailand) (b. Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Secretary-General 2008, Jan 1 – 2012, Dec 31 1949) Sutherland, Peter (m) (Ireland) (b. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GATT (1995 World Trade Organization WTO) (as of 1 January 1946) Category 2 1995) Director-General 1993, Jul 1 – 1995, May 1 Swing, William Lacy (m) (U.S.) (b. International Organization for Migration IOM (1952 Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration 1934) ICEM; 1980 Intergovernmental Committee for Migration ICM; as of 14 November 1989 IOM) Director-General 2008, Oct 1 – Swoboda, Gustav (m) (Switzerland) International Meteorological Organization IMO (1950 World Meteorological Organization WMO) Chief of (b. 1893 – d. 1956) Category 2 the Secretariat 1938 – 1951, Dec 31

World Meteorological Organization WMO (prev. International Meteorological Organization IMO) Secretary- General 1952, Jan 1 – 1955, Dec 31 Sychev, Vyacheslav Vladimirovich Council for Mutual Economic Assistance CMEA (COMECON) Secretary-General 1983, Oct 20 – 1991, Jun (m) (Soviet Union) (b. 1933) 28 Category 2 Sylvain-Goma, Louis (m) (Congo Economic Community of Central African States ECCAS Secretary-General 1998 – 2012, Feb 28 [Brazzaville]) (b. 1941) Category 3 Taalas, Petteri (m) (Finland) (b. World Meteorological Organization WMO (prev. International Meteorological Organization IMO) Secretary- 1961) General, 2016, Jan 1 – Tabai, Ieremia Tienang (m) South Pacific Forum SPF (2000 Pacific Islands Forum) Secretary-General 1992, Jan 1 – 1998, Jan

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(Kiribati) (b. 1950) Category 3 Tallawy, Mervat M. (f) (Egypt) (b. Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia UN ESCWA (prev. Economic Commission for Western 1937) Category 3 Asia UN ECWA July 1985) Executive Secretary 2000 – 2007 Tarjanne, Pekka (m) (Finland) (b. International Telecommunication Union ITU (prev. International Telegraph Union) Secretary-General 1989, 1937 – d. 2010) Category 2 Nov 1 – 1999, Jan 31 Tarschys, Daniel (m) (Sweden) (b. Council of Europe CoE Secretary-General 1994, Jun 20 – 1999, Sep 1 1943) Category 3 Tarumizu, Kimimasa (m) (Japan) Asian Development Bank ADB President 1989, Nov 24 – 1993, Nov 23 (b. 1930 – d. 2009) Category 3 Tax, Stergomena Lawrence (f) Southern African Development Community SADC Executive Secretary 2013, Aug 18 – (Tanzania) (b. 1960) Tay, Michael (m) (Singapore) (b. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 2009, Jan 1 – 2010, Jan 1 1959) Category 3 Taylor, John Wilkinson (m) (U.S.) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO Director-General 1952, Dec 2 (b. 1906 – d. 2001) (interim) – 1953, Jul 3 Category 3 Taylor, Dame Meg (f) (Papua New Pacific Islands Forun PIF (prev. South Pacific Forum SPF, as of 27 October 2000 PIF) Secretary-General Guinea) (b. 1951) 2014, Aug – Tekeste Ghebray (m) (Ethiopia) (b. Inter-Governmental Authority on Development IGAD (prev. Inter-Governmental Authority on Drought and 1949) Category 2 Development IGADD) Executive Secretary 1996 – 2000, Apr 8 Telli, Diallo (m) (Guinea) (b. 1925 – Organization of African Unity OAU (2002 African Union) Secretary-General 1964, Jul 21 – 1972, Jun 15 d. 1977) Category 2 Tenenbaum de Reátegui, Ana Andean Community of Nations CAN General Secretary 2013, Feb 18 – 2013, Mar 1 María (f) (Peru) (b. ?) (acting) Teo, Feleti Penitala (m) (Tuvalu) (b. Pacific Islands Forum PIF (prev. South Pacific Forum SPF, as of 27 October 2000 PIF) Secretary-General 1962) (acting) 2008, May 2 – 2008, Oct 13 Thant, U (m) (Burma) (b. 1909 – d. United Nations UN Secretary-General 1961, Nov 3 – 1971, Dec 31 1974) (acting to 30 Nov 1962) Kuehl Category 1 Thapa, Arjun Bahadur (m) (Nepal) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 2014, Mar 1 – 2017, Feb 28 (b. 1956) Thomas, Albert Aristide (m) International Labour Organization ILO Director of the International Labour Office 1920, Jan 1 – 1932, May (France) (b. 1878 – d. 1932) 7

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Category 1 Kuehl Thomas, Christopher R. (m) Organization of American States OAS (prev. 1901-1910 International Bureau of American Republics; 1910- (Trinidad and Tobago) (b. ?) (acting) 1948 Pan American Union) Secretary General 1994, Jun 20 – 1994, Sep 15 Thomas, John Frederick (m) (U.S.) Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration ICEM (1980 Intergovernmental Committee for (b. 1907 – d. 2002) Category 2 Migration ICM; 1989 International Organization for Migration) Director-General 1969, Feb 14 – 1979, Feb 28 Thompson, John Kenneth (m) Colombo Plan Director 1959, Jul – 1961, Dec (U.K.) (b. 1913 – d. 1985) Category 3 Thorn, Gaston (m) (Luxembourg) European Community EC (prev. European Economic Community EEC 1967; European Union EU 1993) (b. 1928 – d. 2007) Category 2 President of the European Commission 1981, Jan 12 – 1985, Jan 5 Tibaijuka, Anna Kajumulo (f) United Nations Human Settlements Programme UN-HABITAT Executive Director 2000, Sep 2 – 2010, Oct (Tanzania) (b. 1950) Category 2 Tietmeyer, Hans (m) (Germany) (b. Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board 2010, Jan 1 – 2010, Mar 7 1931) (acting) Tittman, Jr., Harold Hilgard (m) Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration ICEM (1980 Intergovernmental Committee for (U.S.) (b. 1893 – d. 1980) Category 3 Migration ICM; 1989 International Organization for Migration) Director-General 1955, May 3 – 1958, May 13 Toan, Tran Trong (m) (Vietnam) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 2006, Jan 1 – 2007, Jan 1 (b. 1952) Tolba, Mostafa Kamal (m) (Egypt) United Nations Environment Programme UNEP Executive Director 1975, Dec – 1992, Dec 31 (b. 1922 – d. 2016) Category 2 Tomka, Peter (m) (Slowakia) (b. International Court of Justice ICJ President 2012, Feb 6 – 2015, Feb 6 1956) Toncic-Sorinj, Lujo (m) (Austria) Council of Europe CoE Secretary-General 1969, Sep 16 – 1974, Sep 16 (b. 1915 – d. 2005) Category 3 Töpfer, Klaus (m) (Germany) (b. United Nations Environment Programme UNEP Executive Director 1998, Feb 1 – 2006, Mar 31 1938) Category 2 Toscano, José Manuel do Rosário International Telecommunications Satellite Organization ITSO (prev. International Telecommunications (m) (Portugal) (b. ?) Satellite Consortium until 12 February 1964; International Telecommunications Satellite Organization Intelsat 12 February 1973) Director-General 2009, Jul 18 – Tóth, Tibor (m) (Hungary) (b. 1954) Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization CTBTO Executive Secretary 2005, Aug 1 – 2013, Aug 1 Toumi, Ahmed (m) (Morocco) (b. International Telecommunications Satellite Organization ITSO (prev. International Telecommunications 1959) Category 3 Satellite Consortium until 12 February 1964; International Telecommunications Satellite Organization Intelsat

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12 February 1973) Director-General 2001, Jul 19 – 2009, Jul 18 Touré, Hamadoun (m) (Mali) (b. International Telecommunication Union ITU (prev. International Telegraph Union) Secretary-General 2007, 1953) Jan 1 – 2014, Dec 31 Toussaint, Donald R. (m) (U.S.) (b. Colombo Plan Director 1985, Feb – 1986, Jan 1927 – d. 1986) Category 3 Trabanino Guerrero, José Organization of Central American States ODECA Secretary-General 1955, Oct 14 – 1960, Feb 15 Guillermo (m) (El Salvador) (b. 1914 – d. 2000) Category 3 Trip, Leonardus Jacobus Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 1935, May 13 – Anthonius (m) (Netherlands) (b. 1937, May 3 1876 – d. 1947) Category 3 Tuck, William Hallam (m) (U.S.) International Refugee Organization IRO Executive Secretary Preparatory Commission (until 13 Sep 1948) (b. 1890 – d. 1966) Category 2 and Director General 1947, Jul 18 – 1949, Jul 31 Tuiasosopo, Palauni M. (m) South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1986, Dec 9 – 1988, Dec 31 (American Samoa) (b. ?) Category 3 Tukuitonga, Colin (m) (Niue) (b. ?) Pacific Community (prev. South Pacific Commission SPC) Director-General 2014, Jan 23 – Tuomioja, Sakari (m) (Finland) (b. Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Executive Secretary 1957 – 1960 1911 – d. 1964) Category 3 Tupouniua, Mahe (m) (Tonga) (b. South Pacific Forum SPF (2000 Pacific Islands Forum) Director of the South Pacific Bureau for Economic st nd 1927 – d. 2007) (1 and 2 time) Cooperation 1972, Nov – 1979 Category 2 South Pacific Forum SPF (2000 Pacific Islands Forum) Director of the South Pacific Bureau for Economic Cooperation 1983, Jan – 1986, Jan 1 Türkmen, İlter (m) (Turkey) (b. United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East UNRWA Commissioner- 1927) Category 2 General 1991, Mar 1 – 1996, Feb 29 Tvircun, Victor (m) (Moldova) (b. Organization of Black Sea Economic Cooperation BSEC (prev. Black Sea Economic Cooperation 1 May 1955) 1999) Secretary-General 2012, Jul 1 – 2015, Jun 30 Twigt, Bernardus Tieleman (m) International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO Secretary-General 1964, Aug 1 – 1970, Jul 31 (Netherlands) (b. 1912 – d. 1993) Category 3 Tyndall, Joseph (m) (Guyana) (b. Caribbean Community CARICOM (prev. Caribbean Free Trade Association CARIFTA July 1973) Secretary- 1927) (acting) General 1977, Aug – 1978, Nov Unckel, Per Carl Gustav (m) Nordic Council of Ministers Secretary-General 2003 – 2006 (Sweden) (b. 1948 – d. 2011)

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Category 2 Unwin, Sir Brian (m) (U.K.) (b. European Investment Bank EIB President, 1993, Apr – 1999, Dec 1935) Category 2 Urwin, Greg (m) (Australia) (b. Pacific Islands Forum PIF (prev. South Pacific Forum SPF, as of 27 October 2000 PIF) Secretary-General 1946 – d. 2008) Category 3 2004, Feb – 2008, Aug Utsumi, Yoshio (m) (Japan) (b. International Telecommunication Union ITU (prev. International Telegraph Union) Secretary-General 1999, 1942) Category 2 Feb 1 – 2006, Dec 31 Üzümcü, Ahmet (m) (Turkey) (b. Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons OPCW Director-General 2010, Jul 25 – 1951) Vacant East African Community EAC Dissolved 1977, Jul 1 – 1996, Mar 13 Vacant Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS Executive Secretary 1988, Nov – 1989, Feb Vacant Regional Cooperation for Development RCD Secretary-General post abolished 1979 – 1988; resumes as Economic Cooperation Organization ECO) Vacant Union of South American Nations UNASUR Secretary-General 2010, Oct 27 – 2011, Mar 11 Vahlquist, Magnus (m) (Sweden) European Free Trade Association EFTA Secretary-General 1981, Oct 1 – 1981, Nov 30 (b. 1938) (interim) Valkár, István (m) (Hungary) (b. Danube Commission Director-General 2007 – 2013 1950) Van Boetzelaar, Erik Oswald Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 1968 – 1980 (m) (Netherlands) (b. 1903 – d. 1991) Category 3 Van den Hout, Tjaco T. (m) Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 1999 – 2008 (Netherlands) (b. 1949) Category 2 Van Eekelen, Willem Frederik (m) Western European Union WEU Secretary-General 1989, May 15 – 1994, Nov 15 (Netherlands) (b. 1931) Category 3 Van Heuven Goedhart, Gerrit Jan United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR 1951, Jan 1 – 1956, Jul 8 (m) (Netherlands) (b. 1901 – d. 1956) Category 1 Van Lennep, Emile (m) Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD (prev. Organization for European (Netherlands) (b. 1915 – d. 1996) Economic Cooperation) Secretary-General 1969, Oct 1 – 1984, Sep Category 1 Varekamp, Jacob (m) (Netherlands) Permanent Court of Arbitration PCA Secretary General 1981 – 1990 (b. 1916 – d. 2003) Category 2

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Vargas, Jesus M. (m) (Philippines) Southeast Asian Treaty Organization SEATO Secretary-General 1965, Jul 1 – 1972, Sep 5 (b. 1905 – d. 1994) Category 3 Velásquez de Avilés, Victoria Central American Integration System SICA Secretary-General 2014, Jun 28 – Marina (f) (El Salvador) (b. 1943) Velebit, Vladimir (m) (Yugoslavia) Economic Commission for Europe UN ECE Executive Secretary 1960 – 1967 (b. 1907 – d. 2004) Category 3 Veneman, Ann Margaret (f) (U.S.) United Nations Children’s Fund UNICEF (prev. UN International Children’s Emergency Fund) Executive (b. 1949) Category 2 Director 2005, May 1 – 2010, Apr 30 Veronese, Vittorino (m) (Italy) (b. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO Director-General 1958, Dec 5 1910 – d. 1986) Category 2 – 1961, Nov 2 Verplaetse, Alfons Remi Emiel (m) Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 1997, Jul – 1999, Feb (Belgium) (b. 1930) Category 2 Vieira de Mello, Sérgio (m) (Brazil) Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights OHCHR High Commissioner for (b. 1948 – d. 2003) Category 1 Human Rights 2002, Sep 12 – 2003, Aug 19 Viglieri, Alfredo (m) (Italy) (b. 1902 International Hydrographic Bureau IHB (International Hydrographic Organization 22 September 1970) – d. 1979) Category 3 President of the Directing Committee 1965, Jul 7 – 1967 Villacorta Vielmann, Manuel Organization of Central American States ODECA Secretary-General 1970, Sep 15 – 1972 Francisco (m) (Guatemala) (b. ? – d. 1988) (special representative to 1971) Category 3 Vivian, Young (m) (Niue) (b. 1935) South Pacific Commission SPC (1997 Pacific Community) Secretary-General 1979, Jul 1 – 1982, Jun 3 Category 3 Vogel, Garson N. (m) (Canada) (b. World Food Programme WFP Executive Director 1977, Oct 1 – 1981, Apr 29 1918 – d. 1981) Category 3 Von Ernst, Franz (m) (Switzerland) International Telecommunication Union ITU (prev. International Telegraph Union) Director 1935, Jan 1 – (b. 1879 – d. 1957) Category 2 1949, Dec 31 Von Plehwe, Friedrich-Karl (m) Western European Union WEU Secretary-General 1974, Oct 20 – 1977, Feb 24 (West Germany) (b. 1912 – d. 1989) (acting) Vonau, Jerzy W. (m) (Poland) (b. ?) International Mobile Satellite Organization IMSO (prev. International Maritime Satellite Organization Category 3 INMARSAT) Director-General 1999, Apr 15 – 2007, Apr 14 Wa Mutharika, Bingu (m) Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern Africa PTA (1994 Common Market for Eastern and (Malawi) (b. 1934 – d. 2012) Southern Africa COMESA) Secretary-General 1990 – 1994, Dec 8

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Category 3 Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa COMESA (prev. Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern Africa PTA) Secretary-General 1994, Dec 8 – 1997, Apr 17 Wade, Robert Hunter (m) (New Colombo Plan Director 1957, Aug – 1959, Aug Zealand) (b. 1916 – d. 2011) Category 2 Wagner Tizón, Edward Allan (m) Andean Community of Nations CAN General Secretary 2004, Jan 15 – 2006, Jul 28 (Peru) (b. 1942) Category 3 Waldheim, Kurt (m) (Austria) (b. United Nations UN Secretary-General 1972, Jan 1 – 1981, Dec 31 1918 – d. 2007) Category 1 Waldock, Sir Humphrey (m) International Court of Justice ICJ President 1979, Feb 23 – 1981, Aug 15 (U.K.) (b. 1904 – d. 1981) Category Oxford DNB 2 Waller-Hunter, Joke Hendrina (f) United Nations Framework Convention of Climate Change UNFCCC Executive Secretary 2002, May 1 – (Netherlands) (b. 1946 – d. 2005) 2005, Sep 4 Category 2 Ward, Robert (m) (Australia) (b. International Hydrographic Organization IHO (International Hydrographic Bureau 22 September 1970) 1951) President of the Directing Committee 2012, Sep 1 – Watanabe, Takeshi (m) (Japan) (b. Asian Development Bank ADB President 1966, Nov 24 – 1972, Nov 24 1906 – d. 2010) Category 3 Watier, Pierre Henri (m) (France) League of Nations Communications and Transit Section / Organization Director 1935, Nov – 1937, Aug 20 (b. 1882 – d. 1937) (probably acting until Mar 1936) Category 3 Watson, Robert Tony (m) (U.K.) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC Chair 1997 – 2002 (b. 1948) Category 2 Weber, Edouard (m) (Switzerland) Universal Postal Union UPU Director / Director-General (from 7 Jul 1964) 1961 – 1966 (b. 1901 – d. 1970) Category 3 Weber, Ernst (m) (Switzerland) (b. Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board 1942, Dec – 1945, Nov 1881 – d. 1967) Category 2 Weidmann, Jens (m) ( Germany) Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board 2015, November – (b. 1968) Wellink, Arnout Henricus Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 2002, Mar – 2006, Elisabeth Maria (m) (Netherlands) Feb

IO BIO Project Database 1: Persons and Entries Version March 2017 IO BIO: www.ru.nl/fm/iobio

(b. 1943) Category 2 The position of President of the BIS was abolished on 27 June 2005 Whittleton, Jack Alexander (m) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 1997 – 1998 (Canada) (b. 1936 – d. 2013) Wiin-Nielsen, Aksel Christopher World Meteorological Organization WMO (prev. International Meteorological Organization IMO) Secretary- (m) (Denmark) (b. 1924 – d. 2010) General 1980, Jan 1 – 1983, Dec 31 Category 2 Wilson, Sir Geoffrey Masterman Colombo Plan Director 1951, Aug – 1953, Sep (m) (U.K.) (b. 1910 – d. 2004) Category 3 Winant, John Gilbert (m) (U.S.) (b. International Labour Organization ILO Director of the International Labour Office 1939, Jan 1 – 1941, Feb 1889 – d. 1947) Category 1 15 Kuehl Winiarski, Bohdan (m) (Poland) (b. International Court of Justice ICJ President 1961, Apr 5 – 1964, Mar 9 1884 – d. 1969) Category 2 Witteveen, Johannes (m) International Monetary Fund IMF Managing Director 1973, Sep 1 – 1978, Jun 16 (Netherlands) (b. 1921) Category 2 Wolfensohn, James David (m) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD (World Bank) President 1995, Jun 1 – 2005, (U.S.) (b. 1933) Category 1 May 31 Wolfowitz, Paul (m) (U.S.) (b. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD (World Bank) President 2005, Jun 1 – 2007, 1943) Category 2 Jun 30 Woods, George David (m) (U.S.) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD (World Bank) President 1963, Jan 1 – 1968, (b. 1901 – d. 1982) Category 2 Mar 31 American National Biography Wörner, Manfred (m) (Germany) North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Secretary General 1988, Jul 1 – 1994, Aug 13 (b. 1934 – d. 1994) Category 2 Worth, William (m) (Australia) (b. Southeast Asian Treaty Organization SEATO Secretary-General 1963, Dec 13 – 1964, Feb 19 ?) (acting) Wyndham White, Sir Eric Henry General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GATT (1995 World Trade Organization) Director-General 1948 – (m) (U.K.) (b. 1913 – d. 1980) 1968, May 6 (Executive Secretary to 23 Mar 1965) Category 1 Yabata, Noboru (m) (Japan) (b. ?) Colombo Plan Director 1979, Jan – 1982, Jan Category 3 Yaker, Layashi (m) (Algeria) (b. ?) Economic Commission for Africa UN ECA Executive Secretary 1992 – 1995

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Category 2 Yarov, Yury (m) (Russia) (b. 1942) Commonwealth of Independent States CIS Executive Secretary 1999, Apr 2 – 2004, Jun 14 Category 3 Yong, Roderick (m) (Brunei) (b. ?) Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN Secretary-General 1986, Jul 16 – 1989, Jul 16 Category 2 Yoon-Moi Chia, Patricia (f) Colombo Plan Secretary-General 2007, Aug 7 – 2011, Aug (Malaysia) (b. 1952) Category 3 Yoshida, Taroichi (m) (Japan) (b. Asian Development Bank ADB President 1976, Nov 24 – 1981, Nov 23 1919 – d. 2014) Category 3 Yriart, Juan Felipe (m) (Uruguay) World Food Programme WFP Executive Director 1982, Feb 26 – 1982, Apr 4 (b. 1919 – d. 2008) (acting) Yumkella, Kandeh K. (m) (Sierra United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNIDO Director-General 2005, Dec 8 – 2013, Jun 28 Leone) (b. 1959) Zaki, Ibrahim Hussain (m) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAARC Secretary-General 1992, Jan 1 – 1993, Dec 31 (Maldives) (b. ?) Category 3 Zammit Cutajar, Michael (m) United Nations Framework Convention of Climate Change UNFCCC Head of the Interim Secretariat 1991 (Malta) (b. 1940) Category 2 – 1995 and Executive Secretary 1995 – 2002, May 1 Zannier, Lamberto (m) (Italy) (b. Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe OSCE (Prev. Conference on Security and Cooperation 1954) in Europe) Secretary-General 2011, Jul 1 – Zeledón Matamoros, Marco Tulio Organization of Central American States ODECA Secretary-General 1960, Feb 15 – 1964, Feb 15 (m) (Costa Rica) (b. 1913 – d. 1992) Category 2 Zerbo, Lassina (m) (Burkina Faso) Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization CTBTO Executive Secretary 2013, Aug 1 – (b. 1963) Zhang Deguang (m) (China) (b. Shanghai Cooperation Organization SCO Secretary-General 2004, Jan 15 – 2006, Dec 31 1941) Category 2 Zhang Yan (m) (China) (b. 1950) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC Executive Director 2001, Jan 1 – 2002, Jan 1 Zhao, Houlin (m) (China) (b. 1950) International Telecommunication Union ITU (prev. International Telegraph Union) Secretary-General 2015, Jan 1 – Zijlstra, Jelle (m) (Netherlands) (b. Bank for International Settlements BIS Chairman of the Board and President of the BIS 1967, Jul – 1981, 1918 – d. 2001) Category 2 Dec Zoellick, Robert Bruce (m) (U.S.) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IBRD (World Bank) President 2007, Jul 1 – 2012, (b. 1953) Jun 30

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Zuberi, Musarrat Hussain (m) Regional Cooperation for Development RCD (1985 Economic Cooperation Organization ECO) Secretary- (Pakistan) (b. 1911 – d. 1987) General 1968, Mar – 1976 Category 3

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