Red River Gorge Restoration & Watershed Plan
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Clean Water Act §319(h) PROJECT FINAL REPORT for Grant # C9994861-09 Application Title: Red River Gorge Restoration & Watershed Plan Application # EEC-DOW-NPS (09-09) Memorandums of Agreement: # PO2 129 1000003233 1 #10-CO-11080221-010 Project Period: 05/01/10 – 12/31/15 Submitted by: Jon Walker, Hydrologist USDA Forest Service Daniel Boone National Forest 1700 Bypass Road Winchester, Kentucky 40391 The Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet (EEC) and the Daniel Boone National Forest (DBNF) under the United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service do not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, religion, or disability. The EEC and DBNF will provide, on request, reasonable accommodations including auxiliary aids and services necessary to afford an individual with a disability an equal opportunity to participate in all services, programs and activities. To request materials in an alternative format, contact the Kentucky Division of Water, 200 Fair Oaks Lane, 4th Floor, Frankfort, KY 40601 or call (502) 564-3410, or contact DBNF at (859) 745-3100. Funding for this project was provided in part by a grant from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through the Kentucky Division of Water, Nonpoint Source Section, to DBNF as authorized by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1987, §319(h) Nonpoint Source Implementation Grant # C9994861-09. Mention of trade names or commercial products, if any, does not constitute endorsement. This document was printed on recycled paper. 2 | Page B. Acknowledgements The Daniel Boone National Forest and private landowners in the Red River Gorge area of Wolfe and Menifee Counties, Kentucky thank the United States Environmental Protection Agency §319(h) program and the Kentucky Division of Water under the Energy and Environment Cabinet’s Department for Environmental Protection for providing funding, administrative support and technical assistance for the Red River Gorge Restoration & Watershed Plan project. This project would not have been possible without cooperation and assistance by the following organizations and individuals: • Kentucky Division of Water project team members Margi Jones, Daniel Bishop, Jim Roe, Brooke Shireman, and Deven Carigan for their expertise and diligent support; • Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources for providing matching funds through their in-lieu fee program; • Wolfe and Menifee County officials for providing invaluable support; • Tessa Edelen, and Judy Petersen from Kentucky Waterways alliance for their tireless efforts with watershed planning, meeting facilitation, and monitoring; • Current and former Daniel Boone National Forest employees for countless hours making this project a success. This project could not have been accomplished without Dave Manner, Tim Eling, Denise Carpenter, Aaron Miller, Missy Elderidge-Colgan, Rita Wehner, Charlie Rowe, Glen Scott; Paul Finke, Freda Neal, Gwen Hensley, Kim Morgan, and Claudia Cotton. 3 | Page C. Table of Contents Contents B. Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................... 3 C. Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................... 4 D. Executive Summary .................................................................................................................. 6 E. Introduction & Background ....................................................................................................... 7 F. Materials & Methods ................................................................................................................. 8 Project Area ............................................................................................................................ 8 Methods Used ....................................................................................................................... 11 G. Results & Discussion .............................................................................................................. 19 H. Conclusions .............................................................................................................................. 29 I. Literature Cited .......................................................................................................................... 29 List of Figures Figure 1: Location map ................................................................................................................. 10 Figure 2: Eroding trail prior to grant ............................................................................................. 11 Figure 3: Eroding campsite prior to grant ..................................................................................... 12 Figure 4: Eroding campsite near a stream ..................................................................................... 12 Figure 5: Water running down a trail after a rain storm ............................................................... 13 Figure 6: Typical water bar ........................................................................................................... 13 Figure 7: Typical lead-off ditch .................................................................................................... 14 Figure 8: Actual lead-off ditches associated with broad-based dips ............................................. 14 Figure 9: Installing typical campsite closure signs ....................................................................... 15 Figure 10: Iceberg rocks that discourage tents ............................................................................. 15 Figure 11: Stream trash ................................................................................................................. 16 Figure 12: Monitoring locations ................................................................................................... 18 Figure 13: Eroding user-developed campsite before restoration .................................................. 20 Figure 14: Rehabilitated campsite ................................................................................................ 20 Figure 15: Closed four-wheeler trail ............................................................................................. 21 Figure 16: Closed trail .................................................................................................................. 21 Figure 17: Newly installed foot bridge designed to minimize trail erosion ................................. 21 Figure 18: Eroding trail before restoration ................................................................................... 22 Figure 19: Eroding trail after restoration ...................................................................................... 22 Figure 20: Removing a tire from the Red River ........................................................................... 23 Figure 21: Taking tires to the dump .............................................................................................. 23 Figure 22: Local High Schoolers and Wolfe County workers ...................................................... 24 Figure 23: Wolfe County "Clean Sweep Day" ............................................................................. 24 Figure 24: "Leave No Trace" presentation ................................................................................... 25 Figure 25: Educational banner ...................................................................................................... 25 4 | Page Figure 26: Environmental education for Ohio River Foundation students ................................... 26 Figure 27: Environmental education at Creation Falls ................................................................. 27 Figure 28: "More Kids in the Woods" program ............................................................................ 27 Figure 29: Morehead State University student workers monitoring stream flow & water quality28 List of Tables Table 1: Sub-watershed information ............................................................................................... 9 Table 2: Estimated stream sediment reductions ............................................................................ 20 5 | Page D. Executive Summary The Red River flows for over 97 miles through eastern Kentucky, until it reaches the Kentucky River near Winchester. Over the years, the river formed the Red River Gorge. The Gorge is a beloved, heavily visited part of our state. It is known for its natural stone arches, caves, rock shelters, and cliffs overlooking magnificent stream valleys. The Red River is Kentucky's only National Wild & Scenic River. This grant focuses on four tributaries to the Red River: Swift Camp Creek in Wolfe County, Clifty Creek in Menifee and Wolfe Counties, Gladie Creek in Menifee County, and Indian Creek in Menifee and Powell Counties. These tributary streams are headwaters streams to the Red River, and they each begin on private land surrounding the Gorge. There were two main goals of this project; protection of the Red River Gorge by reducing erosion and stream sedimentation from recreation; and developing a watershed based plan that focuses on identifying pollution sources in the watershed, quantifying pollution coming from each source, and making recommendations for Best Management Practices (BMPs) to improve water quality in the future. Specific