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Kentucky | Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan Outdoor Recreation in Kentucky Assessment, Policies, and Actions October 2008 1 Kentucky | Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan 2 Kentucky | Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan Outdoor Recreation in Kentucky Assessment, Policies, and Actions October 2008 Steve Beshear, Governor Commonwealth of Kentucky Tony Wilder, Commissioner Department for Local Government 3 Kentucky | Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan 4 Kentucky | Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan Acknowledgements The Department for Local Government is grateful to the leadership and staff of the various federal, state, regional, and local agencies appearing in these pages, who worked willingly with the SCORP project staff. The project was built primarily upon the 2008 Kentucky Outdoor Recreation Participation and Sat- isfaction Survey conducted by Dr. Charlie Everett and Alin L. Tose of Eastern Kentucky University. A special thanks to the Kentucky Recreation and Park Society for gathering many of the photos found throughout the SCORP from Asbury College Adventure Programs, photographer Betty Smithart, Lexington-Fayette County Parks and Recreation Department, Louisville Metro Parks, and Kentucky State Parks. Other photographs are courtesy of the Kentucky Department of Travel (www.kentuckytoursim.com), Kentucky Office of Creative Services, and photographer David Nayes. Additional thanks to Dr. Bruce A. Larson, Dr. Fred Gibson and Dr. Raymond Poff at Western Kentucky University for compiling much useful data about local park and recreation departments through the Kentucky Recreation and Park Services Study. The assistance of the members of the Land and Water Conservation Fund State Advisory Commit- tee and the Recreational Trails Program Advisory Committee has been much appreciated. Finally, many other citizens across the state contributed some portion of their time to respond thoughtfully to survey research questions. Kentucky Department for Local Government Division of Federal Grants Jodie McDonald, Project Coordinator Diane Neel, Project Coordinator The Kentucky Department for Local Government prohibits discrimination on the basis of age, sex, race, color, creed, religion, national origin or disability in its programs and activities. Anyone who believes he or she has been discriminated against for any of these reasons may file a complaint alleging discrimination with either the Kentucky Department for Local Government or the Office of Equal Opportunity, U.S. Depart- ment of the Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240. The preparation of this plan was financed in part through a planning grant from the National Park Service, United States Department of the Interior, under the provisions of the Land and Water Conservation Fund Act of 1965 (Public Law 88-578, as amended). 5 6 Kentucky | Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan 7 Kentucky | Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan Table of Contents Introduction . 10 Background and Context Planning Process Public Participation Statewide Outdoor Recreation Goals. 12 Public Attitudes and Behavior. 16 Methodology Opinions and Attitudes Importance of Public Outdoor Recreation Satisfaction with Public Outdoor Recreation Facilities Change in Quality of Facilities and Outdoor Recreation Programs Changes in Personal Recreation Time Barriers to Participation in Outdoor Recreation Public Expenditure Priorities Outdoor Recreation Participation Survey Charts and Graphs General Characteristics of the State. 44 History Features of the Land Land Use and Land Cover Climate Vegetation Fauna Natural Areas Water Resources Demography Economy Federal Agencies. 52 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Mammoth Cave National Park Cumberland Gap National Historical Park Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area (BSF) Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historic Site National Registry of Natural Landmarks U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of Agriculture U.S. Forest Service Natural Resources Conservation Service U.S. Department of Defense Army Corps of Engineers Military Facilities Tennessee Valley Authority State Agencies. 60 Governor’s Office for Policy and Management Department for Local Government Tourism, Arts, and Heritage Cabinet Department of Travel 8 Kentucky | Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan Department of Parks Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources Kentucky Sports Authority Kentucky Heritage Council Kentucky Horse Park Energy and Environment Cabinet Department for Natural Resources Division of Forestry Division of Conservation Division of Abandoned Mine Lands Department for Environmental Protection Division of Water Wild Rivers Program Independent Commissions Kentucky Heritage Land Conservation Fund Nature Preserves Commission Transportation Cabinet Transportation Enhancement Program Scenic Highways and Byways Program Bicycle and Bikeways Program Kentucky Bicycle and Bikeway Commission Cooperative Extension Source Substate Agencies. 74 Area Development Districts Local Governments Nonprofit Organizations Private Sector Recreational Trails. 80 National Recreation Trails National Historic Trails Recreational Trails Program Rails-to-Trails Kentucky Recreational Trails Authority Kentucky Trail Plan Kentucky Trail Standards Wetlands. 86 Status of Wetlands Resources Threats to Kentucky’s Wetlands State Agencies Protection Strategies Prioritization Land and Water Conservation Fund. 94 Selection Procedure Priority Rating System-Mandatory Requirements Scoring Criteria Appendix A: 2008 Kentucky Outdoor Recreation Participation and Satisfaction Survey. 98 Appendix B: Kentucky Public Recreation Services Survey. 102 Appendix C: LWCF Project List. 117 Appendix D: Local Recreational Trails List. 144 9 Kentucky | Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan Introduction Background and Context Since 1965, the Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recre- The methodology of the present plan was carried out along ation Plan (SCORP) has served as a comprehensive guide seven basic dimensions: a statewide public survey; a consid- to outdoor recreation throughout the bluegrass state. The eration of facility and program needs; the identification of general goals of the SCORP are: issues, goals, and strategies; an implementation program to guide LWCF expenditures; a wetlands component; a recre- • To direct the state’s use of its Land and Water Conserva- ational trails component; and integration and drafting of the tion Fund apportionment; plan document. • To increase the diversity, quality and quantity of outdoor 1. A statewide demand survey was conducted by the recreational opportunities for Kentuckians as well as for visi- Eastern Kentucky University Department of Recreation tors to the state; and Park Administration spearheaded by Dr. Charlie Everett under contract with the Department for Local Government. • To identify, maintain, and protect Kentucky’s important An extensive suite of recreation-related questions was mailed natural, scenic, historical, and cultural resources; to a random sample of Kentuckians. The poll, conducted in the summer of 2008, yielded a wealth of data on current • To provide a mechanism for coordinating various govern- recreation-related attitudes, priorities, and behaviors. mental and private roles and responsibilities; and 2. Facility and program needs were evaluated on the basis • To provide Congress, the Governor, executive agencies, of demand-side data generated by the above survey, and the state legislature, local governments, and citizens a central supply-side data collected from a wide range of recreation source of information on legislative, budgetary, and planning providers through a survey conducted by Western Kentucky processes related to outdoor recreation. University. These two surveys will provide a comprehensive overview of the adequacy of existing recreation infrastruc- Planning Process ture and the areas of current and projected need. While the formal planning requirements of the federal pro- gram have tended to become less restrictive over time, they 3. Issues, goals, and strategies were defined on the basis still define the baseline for state recreation planning. State of information derived from these surveys, as well as infor- planners have joined together in regional and national asso- mation obtained from State and Federal agencies involved ciations to share information and discover common themes. with recreation. The Kentucky Recreation and Park Society Both the efforts and the products have tended to become (KPRS) was instrumental in helping to identify issues at the more diverse as states have taken different approaches to plan community level. for their particular needs and circumstances. 4. The LWCF implementation program was developed 10 Kentucky | Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan with the input of the Land and Water Conservation Fund elements of the picture are developed in detail in subsequent State Advisory Committee, which assisted in the selection of sections of this plan. issues, goals, and strategies; guided the development of the Open Project Selection Process and Priority Rating System Public Participation by which project proposals are evaluated; and advises in the Citizen participation is essential to a valid and meaningful selection of projects. planning process. Accordingly, a variety of channels, both direct and indirect, were utilized during plan development to 5. Development of the wetlands component was primarily
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