Red River Daniel Boone National Forest
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Cooperation and Conflict in Red River Gorge Digital Object Identifier
University of Kentucky UKnowledge KWRRI Research Reports Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute 6-1982 Landowners, Recreationists, and Government: Cooperation and Conflict in Red River Gorge Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.13023/kwrri.rr.134 Eugenie C. Scott University of Kentucky Billie R. DeWalt University of Kentucky Elizabeth Adelski University of Kentucky Sara Alexander University of Kentucky Mary Beebe University of Kentucky Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits oy u. Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/kwrri_reports Part of the Business Administration, Management, and Operations Commons, Recreation, Parks and Tourism Administration Commons, Sociology Commons, and the Tourism and Travel Commons Repository Citation Scott, Eugenie C.; DeWalt, Billie R.; Adelski, Elizabeth; Alexander, Sara; and Beebe, Mary, "Landowners, Recreationists, and Government: Cooperation and Conflict in Red River Gorge" (1982). KWRRI Research Reports. 69. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/kwrri_reports/69 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in KWRRI Research Reports by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Research Report No. 134 LANDOWNERS, RECREATIONISTS, AND GOVERNMENT: COOPERATION AND CONFLICT IN RED RIVER GORGE By Eugenie C. Scott, Ph.D. Billie R. DeWalt, Ph.D. Principal Investigators -
The Geologic Story of the Red River Gorge Area Began Over 300 Million Years Ago During the Carboniferous Period of the Paleozoic Era
RED RIVER GORGE GEOLOGY By Bill Strachan Reviewed by Bruce L. Kells, Professional Geologist The geologic story of the Red River Gorge area began over 300 million years ago during the Carboniferous Period of the Paleozoic Era. Paleozoic sediments that eroded from the ancestral Appalachian Mountains located to north and east in Pennsylvania were transported by rivers flowing south into eastern Kentucky where these rivers emptied into a shallow sea. Here, during a portion of the Carboniferous Period called the Pennsylvanian Age, a river delta plain was formed. Layer upon layer of quartz sand and gravel sediments built up in this delta plain and eventually formed a thick deposit. Over time this thick deposit of quartz sand and gravel became consolidated and cemented into a quartzose sandstone that has been designated by geologists as the Corbin Sandstone Member of the Lee Formation. But the formation of the Corbin Sandstone is just the beginning of the Red River Gorge geologic story. The entire Eastern Kentucky area was uplifted to form the Cumberland Plateau. This uplifting resulted in an extensive vertical fracturing of the Corbin Sandstone. As the uplifted plateau was subjected to weathering and erosion, clifflines formed along the vertical fractures. In many places the crisscross pattern of these fractures results in a saw tooth cliff outline of alternating dihedrals and arêtes that is very conducive to climbing. In several places this pattern of fracturing has also resulted in free standing pinnacles. Outcroppings of Corbin Sandstone extend in a southwesterly direction from just south of Interstate 64 near Morehead, Kentucky all the way to the Tennessee border. -
Cliffview Notes – May 2021
The Official (only!) Newspaper of The Red River Gorge Vol. 1 No. 3 Adventure ~ Relaxation ~ Accommodations ~ Awe Inspiring Natural Beauty ~ Friendly People May 2021 Mother’s (Adventure) Da yyy I’m In Love With A GorgeGorge----ousous Place Instead of flowers and candy for a I love the Red River Gorge so much and Mother’s Day gift, we have a few felt so drawn to it after my first visit that I more exciting suggestions. moved here fifteen years ago from Cincin- Depending on her A.Q., Adventure nati. I speak with hundreds of visitors each Quotient, the Red River Gorge has year; this is a reflection of why I think they so many adventures and attractions come back year after year. that surely will appeal to her. The people, the culture, the fresh mountain There is the adrenaline pumpin’ air and the natural beauty give this area it's Red River Gorge Zipline at Clif- own unique flavor. I hear from so many people how they suddenly get fview Resort. And the rustic yet that ‘Feeling’ , a lift to the spirit when they get off the Parkway and are luxurious accommodations the Re- heading toward the Gorge. People who were born and grew up here also sort offers. tell me they never lose that wonderful ‘Feeling’ they get every time they Some of Nature’s most spectacular return to the Gorge. scenery is best appreciated from Somewhere south of Clay City the distant ridges and their cliffs come the Eagle’s Eye View when Zip- into view while still miles away. -
Cliffview Resort
Cliffview Resort Owners and Operators of Cliffview Lodge, Cliffview Retreat And Cliffview Lakeside www.CliffviewResort.com 606.668.6222 Your Vacation Respite in the Heart of the Bluegrass State Vol 8 No. 2 Winner of TripAdvisor's Certificate of Excellence Award for 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 & 2017! April 2018 View From The Cliff by Joyce Belcher Resort Executive Director The Joy of April Rock Climbing -It’s Increasing Popularity The occasional warm day in March is Why is rock climbing becoming so popular among folks today? Rock to assure us that winter is about to give climbing has always been a favorite of the avid outdoor adventurer but up. It's almost over at last. These today it is growing more popular among all age groups. Rock climbing warm days also serve to stimulate the caters to almost any age, fitness level and abilities. anticipation of spring. They say, "April and May are coming!" Both the mind and body benefit from rock climbing. These benefits are April and May are wonderful months, part of what makes this activity so popular. One’s back, abdominal and even with all the rain. The Resurrec- leg muscles will benefit greatly from climbing. tion months. Climbers are motivated to eat healthy to be in good physical condition Life returns to the woods and mead- for their climb. Climbing allows the mind to escape from the everyday ows. Birds once again sing their joy- stresses of life, enjoy the beauty of nature that surrounds them and fo- ous songs of Spring while searching cus on the challenge of mastering the climb. -
Prehistoric Fire Along the Escarpment Zone of the Cumberland Plateau Cecil R
Fire on the Edge: Prehistoric Fire Along the Escarpment Zone of the Cumberland Plateau Cecil R. Ison1 Abstract Cumberland Plateau Escarpment Zone Unlike many areas of the United States, anthropogenic fires In Kentucky, conglomeratic sandstones outcrop in a belt are the prime agent for affecting changes in plant and animal ranging from 8 to 40 km wide along the western edge of the species composition in the southern Appalachian Highlands. Cumberland Plateau. Geologically, this area is referred to as Although the extensive use of fire by the American Indians the Pottsville Escarpment. Erosion within this belt has has been recognized from the earliest European observers, created deep narrow stream valleys flanked by steep-sided it is somewhat difficult to determine the impact prehistoric to precipitous valley walls. Little level land is available along fires had on forest structure. By examining the fossil and the stream margins but the ridges, ringed by high sandstone charcoal record from Cliff Palace Pond with the cliffs are fairly wide and flat. Nearly 5000 kilometers of archaeological record recovered from nearby prehistoric cliffline snake through the Daniel Boone National Forest, and sites, a 9,500-year record of the vegetational development often stretch for miles without a break. These natural can be established for the escarpment zone of Eastern features led Miller, in his Geology of Kentucky (1919) to refer Kentucky. This record indicates that anthropogenic fires to the escarpment zone as a “Chinese Wall” that greatly played a central role in shaping the forest structure, inhibited economic development of the area. especially after the transition from a hunting and gathering economy to one based on swidden agricultural practices. -
Science and Nature in the Blue Ridge Region
7-STATE MOUNTAIN TRAVEL GUIDE hether altered, restored or un- touched by humanity, the story of the Blue Ridge region told by nature and science is singularly inspiring. Let’s listen as she tells Wus her past, present and future. ELKINS-RANDOLPH COUNTY TOURISM CVB ) West Virginia New River Gorge Let’s begin our journey on the continent’s oldest river, surrounded by 1,000-foot cliffs. Carving its way through all the geographic provinces in the Appalachian Mountains, this 53-mile-long north-flowing river is flanked by rocky outcrops and sandstone cliffs. Immerse your senses in the sights, sounds, fragrances and power of the Science and inNature the Blue Ridge Region flow at Sandstone Falls. View the gorge “from the sky” with a catwalk stroll 876 feet up on the western hemisphere’s longest steel arch bridge. C’mon along as we explore the southern Appalachians in search of ginormous geology and geography, nps.gov/neri fascinating flora and fauna. ABOVE: See a bird’s-eye view from the bridge By ANGELA MINOR spanning West Virginia’s New River Gorge. LEFT: Learn ecosystem restoration at Mower Tract. MAIN IMAGE: View 90° razorback ridges at Seneca Rocks. ABOVE: Bluets along the trail are a welcome to springtime. LEFT: Nequi dolorumquis debis dolut ea pres il estrum et Um eicil iume ea dolupta nonectaquo conecus, ulpa pre 34 BLUERIDGECOUNTRY.COM JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2021 35 ELKINS-RANDOLPH COUNTY TOURISM CVB Mower Tract acres and hosts seven Wilderness areas. MUCH MORE TO SEE IN VIRGINIA… Within the Monongahela National fs.usda.gov/mnf ) Natural Chimneys Park and Camp- locale that includes 10 miles of trails, Forest, visit the site of ongoing high- ground, Mt. -
Rough Trail #221
Rough Trail, located in the Red River Gorge on the Cumberland District, extends through Gladie Visitor Center the Red River Gorge Geological Area between KY 77 and KY 715. This challenging trail 3451 Sky Bridge Road climbs from streamside to ridge-top and back down again several times. There are several Stanton, KY 40380 stream crossings that will require care when crossing after heavy rains. 606-663-8100 The trail traverses the Red River Gorge across its heart from west to east. At the east end Open 7 days a week March the Swift Camp Creek Trail #219 continues into Clifty Wilderness for almost another 7 to November. miles making for a long trail outing of nearly 15 miles one way. Directions to Trailhead Rough Trail begins on the western end at Martins Fork Trailhead. From the trailhead hike East end of Rough Trail back toward Nada Tunnel and cross the road at a footbridge. Right away the woods are From Slade, go east on KY 15 cool and dark and the trail stays tight with the small stream. The first section climbs up for 7 miles and turn left onto Martins Fork and abuts Grays Arch Trail #205. KY 715. Continue 4.1 miles to the Rough Trail/Swift Camp From the intersection with Grays Arch Trail, Rough Trail continues on toward Grays Arch Creek Trail parking area on itself through its second section, first continuing out a broad, flat ridge before dropping the left. From Pine Ridge, take steeply down a newly cut section of trail and then some steep stairs. -
101 of Sec 106 of the Cultural Historic Act Above Ground
101 for Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act Presented by: Amanda Abner, Historic Preservation Coordinator Susan Neumeyer, Archaeologist Coordinator KYTC Division of Environmental Analysis Phrases to Know National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, “Section 106” • National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) • Potentially eligible, eligible, not eligible • State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) • Kentucky Heritage Council, Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Ohio Historical Society • Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP) Phrases to Know (continued) • Determination of Effects o No Historic Places Affected o No Adverse Effect o Adverse Effect • Avoid, Minimize, Mitigate • Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) • Mitigation o Creative Mitigation Steps of the Section 106 Process: I. Define the Undertaking II. Define the Area of Potential Effect a) Cultural historic APE b) Archaeological APE III. Identify historic resources IV. Assessment of adverse effects V. Resolution of adverse effects Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 Established the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation Established the State Historic Preservation Offices Section 106 Section 106: Requires the Federal Agency to “take into account” the effects of their actions on historic properties IS a consultation process Provide the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation the opportunity for comment Does NOT dictate an outcome Is the Project an “Undertaking”? Does it have federal funding or permits? Identify the lead agency -
Valley of Virginia with Explanatory Text
Plcase retum this publication to the Virsinia Gcological Sungy when you have no furthcr uac for it. Petase will be refuuded. COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA ST.ATE COMMISSION ON CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT VIRGINIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ARTHUR BEVAN, State Geologist Bulletin 42 Map of the Appalachian $'., Geologic Ti.l Valley of Virginia with Explanatory Text BY CHARLES BUTTS PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVBY Q.E 113 ne UNIVERSITY, VIRGINIA ho, {a 1933 C 3 COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA STATE COMMISSION ON CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT VIRGINIA, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ttl l I ARTHUR BEVAN, State Geologist Bulletin 42 Geologic Map of the Appalachian Valley of Virginia with Explanatory Text BY CHARLES BUTTS PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THtr UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY UNIVERSITY, VIRGINIA 1933 F.::t' :.'tFF F. Q r t7t hz, uo, $2" aopl 3 , RICHMOND: , Drwsrox or Puncrrasr ewo Pnrnrrwc 1933 .r...' .'..'. .', :".;ii':.J..1 ; i,1,'.- .li i : -. i ::: i"i 1 . : ..: :.3 -". ". I .i I i aa"..: a a-r-'ro t' a a".3 at!-i t a . .: . r o aa ? r. I a a a a -. , a a -a . 't ': STATE COMMISSION ON CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT Wrr,r,rau E. CansoN, Chai,rrnqn, Riverton Cor-BuaN Wonrne w, V i,c e -C hai,rman, Richmond E. Gnrprrrs DoosoN, Norfolk Tnoues L. Fennan, Charlottesville . Jumrus P. FrsneunN, Roanoke LsB LoNc, Dante Rurus G. Rosnnrs, Culpeper Rrcneno A. Grr,r-raiu t Erecwti,ve Secretary and Treaswrer. Richmond * t- .h. ,1r ill J .g i 5 s LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL ColrruomwrAlTrr oF VrncrNra VrncrNre GBor,ocrcer, Sunvev IJxrvnnsrry op VrncrNre Cnanr,orrpsvrr,r,e, Ve., March 15, 1933. -
Cliffview Notes March 2019
Cliffview Resort Owners and Operators of Cliffview Lodge, Cliffview Retreat And Cliffview Lakeside www.CliffviewResort.com 606.668.6222 Your Vacation Respite in the Heart of the Bluegrass State Vol 9 No. 1 Winner of TripAdvisor's Certificate of Excellence Award for 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 & 2018! March 2019 View From The Cliff Hey, Ya’ll! Cliffview Resort has been a part of the Red River Gorge for over Come on Down twenty-five years. It sits astride the boundary between Lee and Wolfe Counties on a beautiful ridge. From its inception, the Resort has been a Welcome! go-to destination for families looking for the quiet comfort and rustic Even if you are not a guest of Clif- beauty the Gorge has to offer. And they keep coming back because we fview Resort, there are still lots of do everything we can to assure the time spent here is pleasant, fun, com- good reasons to visit us. fortable and memorable. First of all, for some adrenalin The Resort is the perfect setting for corporate retreats, church gather- pumpin’ excitement, there is the ings, family reunions and especially weddings. Red River Gorge Zipline and Can- In 2011, The Red River Gorge Zipline was opened. Since then more opy Tour. than 45,000 people have experienced the thrill and adventure of those The tour is five lines strung five lines strung through and above some of the Gorge’s most awe in- through the trees high over the spiring scenery. beautiful valleys and gorges with the most breathtaking views of There are so many reasons to enjoy the beauty and adventure the Resort nature at her best. -
Wildflowers and Ferns of Red River Gorge and the Greater Red River Basin
Wildflowers and Ferns of Red River Gorge and the Greater Red River Basin Dan Dourson and Judy Dourson The Red River Gorge’s intricate canyon system features an abundance of high sandstone cliffs, rock shelters, waterfalls, and natural bridges, making it one of the world’s top rock-climbing destinations. The Gorge, known for its unspoiled scenic beauty and numerous hiking trails, is one of Kentucky’s most popular natural destinations, attracting over 500,000 visitors a year. While books about hiking, climbing, and other recreational activities in the area are readily available, Wildflowers and Ferns of Red River Gorge and the Greater Red River Basin is the first book specifically devoted to the biodiversity of the Gorge and its watershed. Authors Dan Dourson and Judy Dourson introduce the geology and cultural history of the Gorge but focus on the incredible diversity of both common and rare flora of this unique ecosystem. With over 1,000 color images and numerous illustrations covering over 1,500 species currently known to exist in the watershed, Wildflowers and Ferns of Red River Gorge PUBLICATION DATE: is designed to be accessible to the casual hiker and of use to the seasoned April 26, 2019 naturalist. Rare and endangered species are highlighted as well as a few other important, but often ignored, non-flowering plant groups, including Kentucky Nature & Outdoors green algae, fungi, slime molds, lichens, and mosses. In addition, a small 488 pages ∙ 6 x 9 ∙ 815 color photos, 1 map, section on flowering woody vines, shrubs, and trees is included, making the 68 line drawings, 8 igures book the most comprehensive natural guide to one of Kentucky’s most well- ISBN 978-1-94-966900-8 ∙ PB original $39.95 known natural recreational areas. -
NTTR) and Proposed Wilderness Areas
The Nevada Test and Training Range (NTTR) and Proposed Wilderness Areas Issues Affecting the NTTR’s Land Withdrawal Renewal Beth E. Lachman, John A. Ausink, William A. Williams, Katherine Pfrommer, Manuel J. Carrillo C O R P O R A T I O N For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR1105 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-0-8330-9237-3 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2016 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Cover photo by Beth Lachman: Desert National Wildlife Refuge, April 2014. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions.html. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface This research seeks to help the U.S.