Journal of Clinical Medicine Article Markers of Inflammation and Vascular Parameters in Selective Progesterone Receptor Modulator (Ulipristal Acetate)-Treated Uterine Fibroids Iwona Szydłowska 1,* , Marta Grabowska 2,* , Jolanta Nawrocka-Rutkowska 1, Andrzej Kram 3, Małgorzata Piasecka 2 and Andrzej Starczewski 1 1 Department of Gynecology, Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1 Street, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
[email protected] (J.N.-R.);
[email protected] (A.S.) 2 Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Zołnierska˙ 48 Street, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland;
[email protected] 3 Department of Pathology, West Pomeranian Oncology Center, Strzałowska 22 Street, 71-730 Szczecin, Poland;
[email protected] * Correspondence:
[email protected] (I.S.);
[email protected] (M.G.); Tel.: +48-91-425-0541 (I.S.) Abstract: The exact mechanism of selective progesterone receptor modulator action in leiomyoma still challenges researchers. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of ulipristal acetate (UPA) on immunoexpression of inflammatory markers and vascularization in fibroids. UPA-treated patients were divided into three groups: (1) good response (≥25% reduction in volume of fibroid), (2) weak response (insignificant volume reduction), (3) and no response to treatment (no decrease or increase in fibroid volume). The percentage of TGFβ, IL6, IL10, CD117, and CD68-positive cells were Citation: Szydłowska, I.; Grabowska, significantly lower in the group with a good response to treatment vs. the control group. Moreover, M.; Nawrocka-Rutkowska, J.; Kram, the percentage of IL10 and CD68-positive cells in the group with a good response to treatment were A.; Piasecka, M.; Starczewski, A.