EVS Call for Short-Term EVS in National Park Frushka Gora, Serbia
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CLIMATIC REGIONS of KOSOVO and METOHIJA Radomir Ivanović
UNIVERSITY THOUGHT doi:10.5937/univtho6-10409 Publication in Natural Sciences, Vol. 6, No 1, 2016, pp. 49-54. Original Scientific Paper CLIMATIC REGIONS OF KOSOVO AND METOHIJA Radomir Ivanović1, Aleksandar Valjarević1, Danijela Vukoičić1, Dragan Radovanović1 1Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Priština, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia. ABSTRACT The following the average and extreme values mountainous parts of Kosovo. It affects parts of of climatic elements, specific climatic indices and northern Metohija, Drenica and the entire Kosovo field research, we can select three climatic types in valley along with smaller sidelong dells - Malo Kosovo and Metohija - the altered Mediterranean, Kosovo and Kosovsko Pomoravlje. Because of their continental and mountainous type. The altered exquisite heights, the mountains that complete the Mediterranean type is present in southern and Kosovo Metohija Valley have a specific climatic western Metohija, to be specific, it affects the type, at their lower slopes it is sub - mountainous Prizren Field, the Suva Reka and Orahovac Valley and at the higher ones it is typically mountainous. as well as the right bank of the Beli Drim from Within these climatic types, several climatic sub Pećka Bistrica to the Serbia - Albania border. regions are present. Their frontiers are not precise Gradually and practically unnoticeably, it or sharp. Rather, their climatic changes are transforms itself into a moderate continental type gradual and moderate from one sub-region to the which dominates over the remaining valley and other. Key words: Climatic regions, climatic sub-regions, Kosovo and Metohija. 1. INTRODUCTION The climatic regional division of Kosovo and good, but anyway it offers the possibilities of Metohija has been made following the previous observing Kosovo and Metohija climate. -
UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo Order Online
UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo Order online Table of Contents Acknowledgments Introduction Glossary 1. Executive Summary The 1999 Offensive The Chain of Command The War Crimes Tribunal Abuses by the KLA Role of the International Community 2. Background Introduction Brief History of the Kosovo Conflict Kosovo in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Kosovo in the 1990s The 1998 Armed Conflict Conclusion 3. Forces of the Conflict Forces of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslav Army Serbian Ministry of Internal Affairs Paramilitaries Chain of Command and Superior Responsibility Stucture and Strategy of the KLA Appendix: Post-War Promotions of Serbian Police and Yugoslav Army Members 4. march–june 1999: An Overview The Geography of Abuses The Killings Death Toll,the Missing and Body Removal Targeted Killings Rape and Sexual Assault Forced Expulsions Arbitrary Arrests and Detentions Destruction of Civilian Property and Mosques Contamination of Water Wells Robbery and Extortion Detentions and Compulsory Labor 1 Human Shields Landmines 5. Drenica Region Izbica Rezala Poklek Staro Cikatovo The April 30 Offensive Vrbovac Stutica Baks The Cirez Mosque The Shavarina Mine Detention and Interrogation in Glogovac Detention and Compusory Labor Glogovac Town Killing of Civilians Detention and Abuse Forced Expulsion 6. Djakovica Municipality Djakovica City Phase One—March 24 to April 2 Phase Two—March 7 to March 13 The Withdrawal Meja Motives: Five Policeman Killed Perpetrators Korenica 7. Istok Municipality Dubrava Prison The Prison The NATO Bombing The Massacre The Exhumations Perpetrators 8. Lipljan Municipality Slovinje Perpetrators 9. Orahovac Municipality Pusto Selo 10. Pec Municipality Pec City The “Cleansing” Looting and Burning A Final Killing Rape Cuska Background The Killings The Attacks in Pavljan and Zahac The Perpetrators Ljubenic 11. -
Serbia (Srbija), Montenegro (Crna Gora) and Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosna I Hercegovina)
Serbia (Srbija), Montenegro (Crna Gora) and Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosna i Hercegovina) Recent history Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) were all (along with Croatia and FYR Macedonia) formed as a result of the break-up of Yugoslavia in the 1990s. BIH declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1992, following a referendum. This break-up sparked conflict among the three large ethnic groups within the federation. Bosniaks and Croats generally favoured independence, whereas Bosnian Serbs, supported by the Serbian government, wished for a union with Serbia. Further conflict later erupted between the Croat statelet of Herzog-Bosnia and the Bosniaks. The wars lasted until the intervention of NATO and the signing of the Dayton Accords in 1995, by which time an estimated 100,000 people had been killed, many in acts of ethnic cleansing. Under the Dayton Accords, BIH was administratively decentralised and divided into two entities, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska. Central government is consociational, with three rotating Presidents and set numbers of seats in both Houses of the Parliamentary Assembly for Croats, Bosniaks and Serbs. After the dissolution of Yugoslavia,How Serbia does did maintaina General a federation Election with Montenegro. actually However, work? this gradually evolved into a looser relationship, and Montenegrins narrowly voted for independence from Serbia in May 2006. Montenegro The UK is a liberal democracy. This means that we democratically elect politicians, who is now recognised as a separate nation by both Serbia and the EU. represent our interests. It also involves that individual rights are protected. Much more problematic has been Serbia’s relationship with Kosovo, which has a majority (90%) ethnic Albanian population. -
Balkan Wars and the Albanian Issue
QAFLESHI, MUHARREM, AJHC, 2018; 1:8 Review Article AJHC 2018,1:8 American Journal of History and Culture (ISSN:2637-4919) Balkan Wars and the Albanian issue QAFLESHI, MUHARREM , Mr. Sc. Phd (c) PRISHTINA UNIVERSITY, DEPARTAMENT OF HISTORY Albanian Address: Street “Bil Clinton” nr. n.n. 22060 Bellobrad -Kosovo ABSTRACT This paper will elaborate the collapse of the Turkish rule in the *Correspondence to Author: Balkans and the future fate of Albania, embarking on the new QAFLESHI, MUHARREM plans of the invasive politics of the Balkan Alliance, especially PRISHTINA UNIVERSITY, DEPAR- of Serbia, Montenegro and Greece. Then the dramatic events TAMENT OF HISTORY Albanian during the Balkan Wars 1912-1913, the occupation of Kosovo Address: Street “Bil Clinton” nr. n.n. and other Albanian lands by Serbia, the Albanian resistance with 22060 Bellobrad -Kosovo special focus on Luma, Opoja and Gora. It will also discuss the rapid developments of the Balkan Wars, which accelerated the Declaration of the Independence of Albania on 28 November, How to cite this article: 1912, and organization of the Ambassadors Conference in Lon- QAFLESHI, MUHARREM.Bal- don, which decided to recognize the Autonomy of Albania with kan Wars and the Albanian issue. today’s borders. Then, information about the inhumane crimes of American Journal of History and the Serbian Army against the Albanian freedom-loving people, Culture, 2018,1:8. committing unprecedented crimes against the civilian population, is given. Keywords: Serbia, Montenegro, Ottoman Empire, Gora, Opoja, eSciPub LLC, Houston, TX USA. Luma. For ProofWebsite: Only http://escipub.com/ AJHC: http://escipub.com/american-journal-of-history-and-culture/ 0001 QAFLESHI, MUHARREM, AJHC, 2018; 1:8 Collapse of the Ottoman Empire and interested as other Balkan oppressed people to creation of the Balkan Alliance become liberated from the Ottoman yoke. -
Interim Agreement for Peace and Self-Government in Kosovo
Peace Agreements Digital Collection Kosovo >> Interim Agreement for Peace and Self-Government in Kosovo Interim Agreement for Peace and Self-Government in Kosovo Rambouillet, France - February 23, 1999 Table of Contents Framework Article I: Principles Article II: Confidence-Building Measures Chapter 1: Constitution Article I: Principles of Democratic Self-Government in Kosovo Article II: The Assembly Article III: President of Kosovo Article IV: Government and Administrative Organs Article V: Judiciary Article VI: Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms Article VII: National Communities Article VIII: Communes Article IX: Representation Article X: Amendment Article XI: Entry into Force Chapter 2: Police and Civil Public Security Article I: General Principles Article II: Communal Police Article III: Interim Police Academy Article IV: Criminal Justice Commission Article V: Police Operations in Kosovo Article VI: Security on International Borders Article VII: Arrest and Detention Article VIII: Administration of Justice Article IX: Final Authority to Interpret Chapter 3: Conduct and Supervision of Elections Article I: Conditions for Elections Article II: Role of the OSCE Article III: Central Election Commission Chapter 4: Economic Issues Article I Article II Chapter 4a: Humanitarian Assistance, Reconstruction and Economic Development Chapter 5: Implementation I Article I: Institutions Article II: Responsibilities and Powers Article III: Status of Implementation Mission Article IV: Process of Implementation Article V: Authority to Interpret Chapter -
Violence in Kosovo
VIOLENCE IN KOSOVO: Who's Killing Whom? ICG Balkans Report N°78 Prishtinë/Pristina - London - Washington, 2 November 1999 Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................... 1 II. RADICALISED KOSOVO ALBANIANS................................................................ 3 III. THE KLA TARGETING MINORITIES ................................................................... 5 IV. SERB PARAMILITARIES ..................................................................................... 8 V. CRIMINALS FROM ALBANIA ............................................................................ 10 VI. POLITICAL RIVALS............................................................................................ 12 A. Bujar Bukoshi and the LDK......................................................................................12 B. The KLA and its Political Adherents......................................................................... 13 VII. THE SECURITY SHORTFALL............................................................................ 14 VIII. CONCLUSION .................................................................................................... 16 IX. RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................................... 18 A. Internal Security.......................................................................................................18 B. Deradicalising the Albanian Majority ....................................................................... -
The Kosovo Serbs
REPORT Small arms and security in South Eastern Europe Bonn International Center for Conversion, Friedrich Naumann Foundation and Saferworld The Kosovo Serbs: An ethnic minority between collaboration and defiance Anna Matveeva and Wolf-Christian Paes June 2003 The Kosovo Serbs: An ethnic minority between collaboration and defiance Anna Matveeva and Wolf-Christian Paes BONN INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR CONVERSION, FRIEDRICH NAUMANN FOUNDATION AND SAFERWORLD JUNE 2003 Acknowledgements This report was produced as part of Saferworld’s small arms project in South Eastern Europe. Saferworld is grateful to the UK Government for funding their small armsproject. Further project funding was provided by the Friedrich-Naumann-Foundation. The authors would like to thank Duncan Hiscock and Chrissie Hirst for editing the report and Marc v. Boemken, Luitgard Hammerer,Yves del Monaco and Simon Rynn for their advice and individual contributions. All photographs used were taken by Wolf-Christian Paes. Contents Serb communities in Kosovo 4 Acronyms 5 Foreword 6 Preface 8 1 Introduction 10 2 History of the conflict 12 3 On a life-support machine: The situation of the 21 Kosovo Serbs 4 Kosovo Serb politics 27 5 Guns and security 38 6 International policies towards Kosovo 43 7 Options for the future of Kosovo 47 Bibliography 50 Appendix 1: United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244 52 (1999) Serb communities in Kosovo Nis River Ibar Novi Pazar Kursumlija Leposavic SERBIA River Ibar Potok Zveçan Podujevo MONTENEGRO Mitrovica Medveda Rozaj Vucitrn Istok Srbica Obilic -
Community Revitalization Through Democratic Action – Economy Program
COMMUNITY REVITALIZATION THROUGH DEMOCRATIC ACTION – ECONOMY PROGRAM FINAL REPORT JULY 15, 2001 – JULY 15, 2007 AGREEMENT NUMBER: 169-A-00-01-00124-00 Submitted to USAID/Serbia By America's Development Foundation October 2007 America’s Development Foundation 101 North Union Street, Suite 200 Alexandria, Virginia 22314 Tel. (703) 836-2717 www.adfusa.org List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ADF America’s Development Foundation AoR Area of Responsibility ASB Arbeiter Samariter Bund Deutschland BSRC Business Service Resource Center CBC Cross Border Cooperation CDA Community Development Association CDC Community Development Center CE "Conformité Européene" CHF Cooperative Housing Federation CRDA Community Revitalization through Democratic Action CRDA-E Community Revitalization through Democratic Action – Economy EAR European Agency for Reconstruction EU European Union FI Flag International FPRH Family Planning and Reproductive Health HACCP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points IESC International Executive Service Corps IFC International Finance Corporation IR Intermediate Result LED Local Economic Development MAFWM Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Water Management MEGA Municipal Economic Growth Activity MZ Mesna Zajednica PRS Project Reporting System SIEPA Serbian Investment and Export Promotion Agency SO Strategic Objective SWG Sectoral Working Group T&TA Training and Technical Assistance TOT Training of Trainers USDA US Department of Agriculture WB World Bank I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 II. PROGRAM OVERVIEW 6 II.1. Background 6 II.2. Methodology 6 II.2.1. The ADF Team 6 II.2.2. Program Design 7 II.2.3. Selection of Municipalities and Communities / Geographical Coverage 7 II.2.4. Community Mobilization 8 Clustering as an approach 12 Program change – CRDA becomes CRDA-E 12 II.2.5. -
Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro Self-rule INSTITUTIONAL DEPTH AND POLICY SCOPE Serbia and Montenegro, the legal successor of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, was a federation between 1992 and 2002, a confederation between 2003 and 2006, and becaMe two independent states in June 2006 (Batt 2002, 2007; Crnohrnja 2002). 1 The federation and confederation consisted of two republics: Serbia (Republika Srbija) and Montenegro (Republika Crna Gora). Serbia contained two autonomous regions, Kosovo (Kosovo i Metohija) and Vojvodina (Autonomna Pokrajina Vojvodina). Serbia was divided into twentY-nine okruzi (districts), of which five districts are in Kosovo, plus the capital city of Belgrade (Beograd) which also served as a district. Montenegro had no intermediate tier. The 1992 constitution listed federal competences and granted the constituent republics residual powers. AMong federal competences were civil rights, regulation of the single Market (including standard setting on agricultural, health, and pharmaceutical products), the environment, health, regional development, science and technology, transportation, territorial waters, property rights, social security and labor standards, foreign relations, customs, iMMigration, and defense (C 1992, Art. 77). All other Matters fell within the jurisdiction of the republics, including the right to conduct foreign relations and conclude treaties on Matters within their competence. Citizenship was a competence of the republics, with the proviso that citizens of a republic were automatically citizens of Serbia–Montenegro and enjoyed equal rights and duties in the other republic, except for the right to vote and be elected (C 1992, Art. 17). The constitutional revision of 2003 restricted confederal competences to defense, iMMigration, international law, standardization, intellectual property, and free MoveMent of people (C 2003, Art. -
Kosovo Country Handbook This Handbook Provides Basic Reference
Kosovo Country Handbook This handbook provides basic reference information on Kosovo, including its geography, history, government, military forces, and communications and trans- portation networks. This information is intended to familiarize military per sonnel with local customs and area knowledge to assist them during their assignment to Kosovo. The Marine Corps Intel ligence Activity is the community coordinator for the Country Hand book Program. This product reflects the coordinated U.S. Defense Intelligence Community position on Kosovo. Dissemination and use of this publication is restricted to official military and government personnel from the United States of America, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and other countries as required and designated for support of coalition operations. The photos and text reproduced herein have been extracted solely for research, comment, and information reporting, and are intended for fair use by designated personnel in their official duties, including local reproduction for training. Further dissemination of copyrighted material contained in this docu ment, to include excerpts and graphics, is strictly prohibited under Title 17, U.S. Code. CONTENTS KEY FACTS .................................................................... 1 U.S. Embassy .............................................................. 2 U.S. Liaison ............................................................... 2 Travel Advisories ........................................................ 3 Entry Requirements .................................................. -
Distribution and Conservation Status of Some Rare and Threatened Orchid
Wulfenia 24 (2017): 143 –162 Mitteilungen des Kärntner Botanikzentrums Klagenfurt Distribution and conservation status of some rare and threatened orchid taxa in the central Balkans and the southern part of the Pannonian Plain Vladan Djordjević, Dmitar Lakušić, Slobodan Jovanović & Vladimir Stevanović Summary: Along with being a centre of plant species diversity and endemism, the Balkan Peninsula is one of the parts of Europe with the highest number of orchid taxa. However, the orchid flora in the central Balkans has not been sufficiently studied. The paper presents the distribution of ten rare and threatened taxa of Orchidaceae in the central Balkans and the southern part of the Pannonian Plain: Anacamptis papilionacea, Epipactis palustris, E. purpurata, Epipogium aphyllum, Goodyera repens, Gymnadenia frivaldii, Ophrys apifera, O. insectifera, Orchis militaris and O. spitzelii subsp. spitzelii. In addition to field investigation, checking and revision of herbarium material, literature sources were also used for supplementing distribution data. The distribution maps of these taxa in the central Balkans (Serbia and Kosovo region) and the southern part of the Pannonian Plain (Vojvodina) are created on a 10 km × 10 km UTM grid system. Data concerning their habitat preferences, population size and the estimated IUCN conservation status in the study area are provided. Keywords: Orchidaceae, phytogeography, IUCN conservation status, Balkan Peninsula The orchid family is one of the largest and most diverse families in the plant kingdom with estimates of about 28 000 species distributed in about 763 genera (Chase et al. 2015; Christenhusz & Byng 2016). According to Hágsater & Dumont (1996), over 300 orchid species occur in Europe, North Africa and Near East. -
Report of the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights' Special Mission to Kosovo1 23 – 27 March 2009
Strasbourg, 2 July 2009 CommDH(2009)23 Original version Report of the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights’ Special Mission to Kosovo1 23 – 27 March 2009 1 All reference to Kosovo, whether to the territory, institutions or population, in this text shall be understood in full compliance with United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999) and without prejudice to the status of Kosovo. CommDH(2009)23 Table of Contents Introduction....................................................................................................................................3 I. International Presence in Kosovo .......................................................................................3 II. Structures for the protection of human rights ...................................................................5 2.1 Legal framework .............................................................................................................5 2.2 Ombudsperson institution...............................................................................................6 2.3 Kosovo Assembly ...........................................................................................................7 2.4 Advisory Office on Good Governance, Human Rights, Equal Opportunities and Gender Issues ..........................................................................................................................................7 2.5 Human Rights Units within Ministries .............................................................................8