Curated: Go8 Defence Capability 2019

Contents

Introduction 4

The University of Adelaide 6

The Australian National University (ANU) 12

The University of Melbourne 18

Monash University 24

UNSW Sydney 32

The University of Queensland 38

The University of Sydney 44

The University of Western Australia 52

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 3 Introduction

As Group of Eight (Go8) The Go8, because of its consistent Chief Executive I take global results and reputation has built strong working relationships with great pride in presenting to all sectors within the large area that you the curated Defence is known by that amorphous word Capability of the eight “Defence”. Go8 members, released But we want to do so much more, and we want to ensure we work to have in conjunction with the Defence better understand, have more “Go8 Defence Summit” visibility of, what we can provide. hosted by Go8 member Communication is key and while it is the University of Adelaide excellent, we recognise it can be far on 9 April 2019. better than currently exists; hence the Defence Summit which comprises representatives of our Defence The Go8 is comprised of Australia’s partners, industry, our researcher leading research-intensive and our commercialisation teams. universities. Seven of our eight members are ranked in the world’s From working with Defence to top 100 universities – no mean feat educate and train its graduate entry, in a nation of just 25 million people. we are also involved with workforce Only the US and the UK can best planning. We understand the Defence this result. emphasis on having access to the right graduates for its needs, now Over 99 per cent of the Go8’s research and into the future. is ranked as world class or above. While research is at our heart, we We also well understand the Defence are far more. With an ethos of quality emphasis on being able to work with and a commitment to excellence, our research teams; and that has we deliver Australia some 100,000 always begun with knowing what quality graduates each year; the research capability and support leaders of tomorrow. was available.

4 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 We are not afraid to say we are home to the best – and proud to be so. Being the best, striving never to be anything less, has enabled the Go8 to build solid Defence research partnerships, and problem solving and advisory relationships, around the world with Governments and industry. We are a trusted partner, and we have been at the forefront of globally-defining Defence and Security technology and systems advances for many decades. This curated capability statement sets out who within the Go8 can Being the best, striving never to help and what we do. be anything less, has enabled the Go8 to build solid Defence research partnerships, and problem solving and advisory relationships, around the world Vicki Thomson with Governments and industry. Go8 Chief Executive

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 5 The University of Adelaide

The University of Adelaide Skills and capability contact point: The university has a proud history Professor Michael Webb of defence sector collaboration. It Director Defence and Security has worked extensively with both the T: +61 409 770 925 Department of Defence and defence industry to assist with workforce E: [email protected] needs, to provide specialised capabilities, and high-quality, collaborative, research programs combined with extensive experience in transitioning research into practice. Defence stakeholders include: yyDST yyVice Chief of the Defence Force Group yyDefence Chief Information Officer Group (CIOG), Deputy Secretary Capability Acquisition and Sustainment Group (CASG), Australian Geospatial-Intelligence Organisation (AGO), Australian Signals Directorate (ASD) yyUS Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) yyDirection générale de l’armement, France yyBAE Systems Australia yyLockheed Martin Australia

6 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 yyBoeing Defence Australia robot control (Professor Anton van den Hengel) yyDassault-Systèmes yyAustralian Submarine Corporation yyIntelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (Professor yyNaval Group (France) Anton van den Hengel)

The university is also a key member Cyber Security of the South Australia’s Defence Innovation Partnership. yySide-channel attacks and computer hardware limitations Research strengths (Dr Yuval Yarom) yyProvable Network Security Photonics & Advanced Sensing (Dr Hung Nguyen) yyPrecision Clocks underpinning yyHuman Aspects of Cyber Security significant advances in radar (Dr Malcolm Pattinson) capability (Professor Andre Luiten) yyCybercrime and Digital Forensics yyOptical Material and Optical Fibre (Dr Matthew Sorell) Sensing for sensing and fibre laser applications (Professor Heike Distributed Software Systems Ebendorff-Heidepriem) yyComplex Systems yyNovel radiation detection (Dr Claudia Szabo) capabilities (A/Professor yyMission Critical Systems Nigel Spooner) (Professor Ali Babar) y yStandoff materials identification Defence Communications for explosives sensing & Networking (A/Professor Nigel Spooner) yyDefence Communications Modelling Machine Learning & and Simulation (Dr Matthew Britton) Artificial Intelligence yyCombat System Modelling yyAI for Autonomous Systems (Dr Matthew Britton) to analyse sensor data and

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 7 The University of Adelaide

Distributed Multi-Agent Control Chemical, biological, radiological incident response yySwarm Intelligence (Professor Cheng-Chew Lim) yyRisk and evidence-based decision-making on HAZMAT yyAutonomous Multi-Robot decontamination (Professor Systems for UAVs Dino Pisaniello) (A/Professor Steven Grainger) Applied Electromagnetics Acoustics, Vibration & Control yyIncluding Antenna engineering and yySubmarine signature management microwave passive components (Professor Carl Howard) (Professor Christophe Fumeaux) Graphene Research Physics Inspired Tracking yyEnabled industry transformation, yyProbability density function of including electromagnetic a target position and velocity and acoustic shielding (Professor Anthony Thomas) (Professor Dusan Losic)

Pain blood test to assess psychology stress to an individual’s state of resilience

Radar & Ionospheric Physics Sonar Sensor Array yyDetection, radar imaging, GPS Signal Processing systems, passive radar systems, yySignal processing for sonar etc. (Dr Brian Ng) and operational systems yyIonospheric Physics relating (Professor Lang White) to space situational awareness Structural Health Monitoring (Dr Andrew MacKinnon) yyIncluding state-of-art ultrasonic Directed Energy guided wave excitation and yyCryogenic solid-state laser measurement systems approach (Professor Peter Veitch) (A/Professor Andrei Kotousov)

8 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 Nanoscale BioPhotonics Traumatic Stress Studies yyPain blood test to assess yy Military health surveillance research, psychology stress to an including bio-stress markers individual’s state of resilience (Professor Sandy McFarlane) (Professor Mark Hutchinson) Social Media Analytics yyLight-based neuronal control yyInformation dynamics on for human machine interfaces networks and topic modelling (Professor Mark Hutchinson) (Dr Lewis Mitchell)

Visual Physiology & Neurobotics Research infrastructure yyBio-inspired autonomy In partnership with Government and (Dr Steven Wiederman) industry the University has established a number of world-class research Human Factors institutes and centres to tackle state yyBrain and cognition and national research priorities. factors in Defence contexts Research infrastructure includes: (A/Professor Anna Ma-Wyatt) yyThe Institute for Photonics Military Law & Ethics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS) with capabilities in the design, y yLegal and policy issues relevant fabrication and implementation to military and security matters of disruptive measurement (Professor Dale Stephen CSM) technologies yyInternational Space Law, yyOptofabNode, an Australian “The Woomera Manual” National Fabrication Facility – (Professor Dale Stephen CSM) the leading speciality glass and optical fibre fabrication facility yyOperational Commercial Law in Australia for sensing and fibre (Dr Colette Langos) laser applications

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 9 The University of Adelaide

yyThe Prescott Environmental yyCentre for Nanoscale Biophotonics Luminescence Laboratory with laboratories world-leading radiation detection yyGraphene Industry Transformation and measurement capabilities for Hub population radiation exposure, and forensic analysis of clandestine Collaborations radiological sites yyThe Visual Physiology and The University of Adelaide collaborates Neurobotics Laboratory investigates with defence organisations and visual processing from behavioural, defence industries: computational and physiological Sapphire Clock levels, with a multidisciplinary team covering neuroethology, High Frequency and Phased Array neurobiology, psychology, Radars have been identified by computer vision and engineering Defence as a priority industry capability. 20 years of leading- yyThe Australian Institute for edge fundamental research and Machine Learning infrastructure, cutting-edge engineering, have e.g. Visual Simultaneous delivered a disruptive technology Localisation and Mapping to revolutionise the Jindalee Over- yyHigh-Performance Computing The-Horizon Radar Network (JORN). with a ‘Phoenix’ supercomputer This key defence surveillance asset with storage capacity of 700 could be significantly enhanced by terabytes and processing incorporating the Sapphire Clock; speed up to 450 teraflops developed by the university’s Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing. yyA Distributed Multi-Agent The Sapphire Oscillator (or Sapphire Control laboratory Clock) offers performance more than yyHigh-powered laser laboratory 1000 times better (in the relevant (for Directed Energy research) ranges) than the current JORN

10 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 technology. Defence has invested Lockheed Martin Australia more than $4 million. The technology Lockheed Martin Australia is the also has potential benefits to ship- first Foundation Partner with the based phased-array radar and a university’s Australian Institute smaller and less expensive solution for Machine Learning (AIML). The is being developed for this much strategic partnership will deliver larger market. world-leading machine learning Autonomous robot platform research for national security, the space industry, business, and the Using behavioural, broader community. Lockheed Martin electrophysiological and Australia will have a research team morphological techniques, Medical co-located in Adelaide. Sciences researchers have developed computational models that provide Dassault Systèmes robust and efficient solutions to Dassault Systèmes is to establish target-detection and tracking. its South Australian regional centre This autonomous robot platform at the university. It will have an detects, selects and pursues moving Adelaide-based team comprising features in cluttered environments. staff from France and India, and The multidisciplinary collaboration will host university interns. across neurosciences, psychology, engineering and computer vision Key personnel was established in collaboration with Lund University and San Diego State Key contacts are: University, and based on a $10 million investment by the US Air Force Office Professor Michael Webb of Scientific Research. The work is Director, Defence and Security also contributing to Next Generation Professor Bruce Northcote Technologies Fund projects, including Pro Vice-Chancellor, the Grand Challenge of Countering Research Engagement Improvised Threats.

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 11 The Australian National University (ANU)

ANU contact point: Skills and capability

Professor Michael Cardew-Hall The Australian National University Pro Vice-Chancellor Innovation (ANU) has broad expertise T: +61 2 6215 6260 applicable to Defence research – the physical and mathematical E: [email protected] sciences, chemistry, biological and [email protected] health sciences, earth science, environmental sciences, psychology and engineering. There are also strong arts and humanities research and teaching programs that can provide key input into complex defence problems using deep knowledge of culture, history, languages, geography and geopolitics. The university also has expertise via the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre and the National Security College as well as with the Australian Signals Directorate, through an on-campus collaboration in research and training to build domestic STEM capability. The Master of Military and Defence Studies is another example of ANU-Defence collaboration through the Australian Command and Staff College of the Australian Defence Force. ANU also has the capability to bring diverse expertise together to form

12 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 groups capable of addressing Humanising Machine complex or wicked Defence problems Intelligence (MI) that may benefit from areas as Professor Seth Lazar disparate as the humanities, strategic The university has a significant studies, science and engineering. cross-disciplinary program across Through the ANU Defence computer science, philosophy and Working Group, ANU is refining sociology. It involves Government, its engagement mechanisms and Civil Society, Industry and Academia is in the process of streamlining to design more ethical MI systems access to ANU expertise. – by incorporating moral values into machine decision-making, to ensure Research strengths efficiency gains do not come at an unacceptable moral cost ANU boasts several areas of Trusted Autonomous Systems strengths in defence research, Professor Jochen Renz; including: Professor Hanna Kurniawati 3A Institute The AI group in the Research School Professor Genevieve Bell of Computer Science is developing The Institute is researching critical mathematical principled frameworks questions around Autonomy, Agency for robotics and designing the and Assurance for cyber-physical associated software implementation. systems (CPS). It is developing an The algorithms quantify uncertainty, intellectual framework for designing, rather than exaggerate risks, and building, managing, scaling and adapt the system’s strategies in real- decommissioning AI-enabled time, based on additional and/or technologies that have converged lack of additional information, taking into CPS. It is prototyping the first into account errors in sensors and curriculum in this new applied sensing. The algorithms are being science. This includes a student who designed for large-scale decision is a serving member of the Defence making in unpredictable physical Force seconded to the project and non-physical environments

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 13 The Australian National University (ANU)

Cyber Materials projects Dr Lesley Seebeck yy Next generation additive manufacture yyCybersecurity and statecraft in flow, explicitly directed at yyCyber criminology and regulation producing energetic materials with a spatial functional gradient yyLegal and statutory interpretation (Professor Nicholas Kanizaj) of terrorism, cybercrime and cyberwarfare yyPhotochemical enhancement of the energy content of renewable yyNetwork science, social network hydrocarbons for generation of high- analysis and cyber social research energy fuels for marine, terrestrial and methods aerospace application, coupled with yyFormal methods, computer security, the expertise in synthetic biology to data analytics and physical layer optimise production of the terpenoid security for the internet of things feedstock for such a process (Professor Michael Sherburn) Quantum Technologies yyFunctional solid-state nanopore- yyCapability to generate ultra-high membranes for chemical and bio- bitrate unbiased random numbers, sensors (A/Professor Patrick Kluth) and encrypt, store and process quantum data with absolute Research infrastructure security (Professor Ping Koy Lam, Professor Matthew Sellars) yyThe National Security College (NSC) yyCapability in quantum inertial is a joint initiative of the Australian sensing and quantum gravimetry Government and ANU, established to (Professor John Close) address significant national security policy questions and challenges that y yOptical and infrared imaging confront Australia, the Indo-Pacific and communication, space region and the world. Specific debris monitoring and removal research capacity is generated in: techniques (Professor Anna Moore, Dr Francis Bennet)

14 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 »» counterterrorism and countering yyOther National facilities: violent extremism »» National Computational »» cyber security Infrastructure »» security futures (including the »» Australian National Fabrication intersection of policy, global Facility (NCRIS funded) change and technology) »» national security policy and practice Collaborations yyThe Strategic & Defence Studies In addition to close collaborations Centre (SDSC) is Australia’s largest with defence government partners body of scholars dedicated to the such as ASD and companies such as analysis of the use of armed force Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, in its political context Thales and Airbus, the university has invested in several strategic yyThe ANU Cyber Institute has been partnerships, both from a research established to take a deep and long- term perspective on cyber research and commercialisation aspect. and activity DST yy Defence Science Technology (DST) yyDSTG SEA1000 AO – development investment in the National Space Test of an adaptive optics system Facilities hosted at Mount Stromlo for a 0.5 m telescope for optical yyThe ANU Nonlinear Physics communications Centre works with the ANFF to yyDefence Next Generation fabricate and characterise a Technologies Fund (NGTF) – microelectromechanical system- demonstration of free-space based material – developing a quantum key distribution (QKD) unified technology to manipulate with adaptive optics infrared and terahertz waves. The Centre also works with the ANFF yyQuintessence Labs – space and NCI to fabricate and embed qualification of quantum technology nanocrystals into glass and quantum repeater architecture with DST-G

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 15 The Australian National University (ANU)

yyCyber NGTF – Mounting “simulated” The Carnegie Corporation attacks on networked systems to of New York find weaknesses is an important Strategic stability and submarine tool in cyber security evaluation detection technology. and defence. The project aims to automate some aspects of this yyTwo-year grant awarded to the ANU using AI planning techniques NSC to explore the interaction of new technologies, maritime security, DLR – German submarines and nuclear strategy in Aerospace Centre the Indo-Pacific yyQUOLLSat Mission – Aims to develop technology which enables Key personnel a global quantum secure network with commercial applications. Professor Anna Moore Director Partners include CSIRO, Tesat, InSpace Innovation Institute NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory – Space Lead (JPL), DST, National Institute of A/ Professor Colin Jackson Information and Communications Research School Of Chemistry Technology (NICT) Japan – Cell-Free Protein Production And Detection yyFree-space quantum memory Professor Daniel Shaddock Group demonstration – expanding Lead, Space Instrumentation on Defence NGTF funding – Optical Interferometry aims to demonstrate quantum communication between two Dr Francis Bennett Research School remote sites using adaptive Of Astronomy & Astrophysics optics and quantum memory, – Secure Global Quantum Communication Network as a stepping stone to the Professor Genevieve Bell, Director QUOLLSat mission 3A Innovation Institute – AI Lead

16 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 Professor Jochen Renz Head Professor Michael Sherburn Artificial Intelligence Group Research School Of Chemistry – Trusted Autonomous Systems Solar High-Energy Fuels Professor John Blaxland Head Professor Ping Koy Lam Director Strategic And Defence Studies Centre ARC Centre For Quantum Computer – Intelligence And Analysis Of The Use Of Armed And Communication Technology Force In Its Political Context – Quantum Optics Professor John Close Head, Defence Professor Rory Medcalf Head Working Group – Quantum Sensors National Security College Dr Jong Chow Group Lead Advanced – National Security Policy Sensing – High Performance Sensing Professor Sharon Dean Chief Professor Ken Baldwin Head Energy Operating Officer National Security College – On Secondment From The Office Change Institute – Energy Change Of National Assessments Professor Lachlan Blackhall Head Professor Sylvie Thiebaux Associate Battery Storage And Grid Integration Dean Research Research School Of Program – Battery Storage Computer Science – AI-Based Control To Professor Lesley Seebeck CEO Cyber Enhance Electric Grid Resilience Institute – Cyber Lead Professor Tim Senden Director Professor Mark Knackstedt Director Research School Of Physics ARC Training Centre For 3D Imaging And Engineering – Imaging Technology – Modelling & Manufacturing Non-Destructive For Oil And Gas Exploration Evaluation Technology For Additive Manufacturing Processes Professor Brendan Sargeant Strategic and Defence Studies A/ Professor Matthew Sellars Laser – Security Policy/Intelligence Physics Centre – Optical Quantum Processors And Quantum Memories

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 17 The University of Melbourne

The University of Melbourne Skills and capability contact point: As a globally engaged, comprehensive Professor Len Sciacca research institution, The University Enterprise Professor of Melbourne works closely with – Defence Technologies government and industry partners T: +61 3 8344 6954 to deliver use-inspired research outcomes to its defence stakeholders E: [email protected] in Australia and overseas. There is significant emphasis on progressing cross-disciplinary, translational research in emerging fields of defence capability priority, such as advanced multifunction antennas and sensor systems, trusted autonomous systems, medical countermeasures, enhanced human performance, quantum sensors, maritime and aerospace technologies, cyber, intelligence analytics and artificial intelligence. The university has established a cross-faculty defence research enterprise that has collaborative research relationships with large defence firms and several small- and-medium enterprises to deliver novel and high technology solutions to complex defence problems. It has a long history of collaboration with Defence Science and Technology

18 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 Group, other leading universities and including the world’s largest wind- industry with the Next Generation water interface, a high Reynolds Technology Fund. number wind tunnel, and ice-structure interaction tanks. The university fosters a strong engagement with US Defence The university’s defence science agencies and leverages its Australian portfolio provides a breadth of insight Research Council (ARC) funded and and expertise to analyse technological US Defence program with Australian challenges, conceptualise solutions defence use-inspired research and rigorously evaluate outcomes projects. and provide robust industry-ready solutions. Research strengths The portfolio includes:

The university’s research has directly Trusted Autonomous Systems impacted defence and national Professor Chris Manzie security fields including advanced Distributed agent control and multi- materials for the blast protection of modal autonomous systems. Human- army vehicles and embassies, drag centric autonomy and how humans reduction of ships and submarines, interact with autonomous systems. helicopter landings on ships in high Artificial intelligence including seas, radar tracking and adaptive planning and adaptive networks radar and sonar systems for a number of major defence projects. Enhanced Human Performance Professor Peter Lee The university fosters a strong Injury prevention, biomechanical, engagement with US Defence cognitive and physiological modelling agencies … and testing of soldiers and military personnel and their associated It has an international reputation systems and personnel protection. in metocean and maritime research Developing a virtual soldier for using unique research infrastructure advanced testing and development

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 19 The University of Melbourne

Medical Countermeasures Maritime Research Professor Sharon Lewin, Professor Professor Jason Monty Michael Parker, Professor James McCaw Wave-structure interaction including Chemical and biological threat world class experimental facilities. detection and mitigation. Health Turbulence and cavitation research. preparedness, emergency response, Drag reduction for ships and epidemiology for disease surveillance submarines. Hydrodynamic and management, vaccines, point of modelling and metocean research care testing, drug discovery, synthetic Aerospace Research biology, bioinformatics, environmental Professor Ivan Marusic modelling and monitoring Drag reduction, acoustic modelling Multidisciplinary Materials and testing, turbulence modelling, Professor Graham Schaffer computational fluid dynamics Integrated Computational Materials modelling and high Reynolds Engineering, functional materials for number experimental facilities ballistics protection and signature Quantum Technology management. Novel materials for Professor Lloyd Hollenberg hypersonic platforms, maritime and aerospace applications including Nitrogen vacancy diamond based advanced composites, metals sensors, quantum computers, and polymers quantum sensing for gravitometers and magnetometers. Quantum Power and Energy computer modelling, quantum Professor Michael Brear software engineering. Quantum Smart grid technology for ships mathematics and forward deployed forces. Radar and Signal Processing Optimising diesel engines and Professor Rob Evans diesel performance for submarines. Alternative power and energy sources Antenna technology, adaptive radar, including hydrogen-based fuel cells adaptive electronic warfare sensing.

20 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 Waveform design, multibeam Artificial Intelligence synthesis, optimal antenna Professor James Bailey synthesis for phased arrays. Natural language processing, Electromagnetic modelling explainable AI, machine learning, Sensor and Information adversarial machine learning, deep Processing learning, data science, evolutionary Professor Bill Moran computation, theory of mind, natural language processing Sensor design, tracking, detection, matched filtering, optimal signal processing, dynamic stochastic Research infrastructure control and networked sensor yyMaritime and Aerospace Research systems. Passive and active sonar Infrastructure, a world class ocean signal processing and tracking. simulator 60m tunnel (Extreme Dynamic resource allocation and Air-Sea Interaction Facility), Sea- sensor scheduling ice-wave interaction facility, high Cyber Defence Systems Reynolds number wind tunnel Professor Chris Leckie yyMelbourne Energy Institute, Big data analytics, control systems, a smart grid hardware-based cyber defence, security monitoring, simulator, gas turbines, optical incident response and risk assessment engine, constant volume chamber, plug flow reactor, transient engine Intelligence Analytics dynamometer and emission facility, Professor Shanika Karunasekera, octane rating engine Dr Tim Van Gelder, Dr Richard De Rozario yyMedical Countermeasure, 3-D Big data, data stream analysis, printing of materials, medical social network analysis, data mining, and bioengineering laboratories, synthesis of decision-making and microfluidic analysis, (point of care amalgamation of decisions. Crowd testing), X-ray crystallography, NMR, sourcing intelligence analysis, mass spectroscopy, proteomics intelligence and cloud computing

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 21 The University of Melbourne

yyEnhanced Human Performance, Collaborations Australian-first state of the art Virtual Reality biomechanical facility The university has several deep to improve the understanding of strategic partnerships with large human movement and how to treat defence firms as well as small and medium enterprises. These include: and prevent injuries. Used to predict soldier performance in various DST scenarios Substantial research programs yyThe university’s Fishermans Bend in several areas campus will be situated beside BAESystems Defence Science and Technology Group and next to several major Control systems, autonomous systems defence industries. The campus and aerospace platform design is a $900 million investment and Lockheed Martin includes world class water tanks, wind tunnels and autonomous Mission and intelligence, surveillance systems laboratories. More than and reconnaissance systems, sensor 1000 engineering and IT students systems, resource scheduling and academics will collaborate Tectonica with defence industry and government there Grand challenge project and unattended ground sensor systems yyThe university’s Melbourne medical research precinct is one DefendTex of the largest in the world with Electromagnetic modelling and several institutes and research autonomous systems hospitals. The defence Medical Countermeasures program can The university has a major role in draw on the research capacity the newly formed Defence CRC in Trusted Autonomous Systems and and capability of this precinct collaborates with several companies in Aerospace and Land projects

22 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 The university has significant Professor Rob Evans – Radar and collaborations with international Signal Processing Research Leader universities including National Professor Bill Moran – Sensor and Defence University, Princeton, Signal Processing Research Leader University of Southampton, University of Rhode Island and Professor Sharon Lewin – Medical several US Defence agencies. Countermeasures Research leader Director of Doherty Institute Key personnel Professor Michael Parker Enterprise Professor Len Sciacca – Director Bio21 Institute Enterprise Professor Defence Professor Michael Brear – Technologies Power and Energy Research Leader Professor Chris Manzie – Trusted Director Melbourne Energy Institute Autonomous Systems Research Professor Ivan Marusic – Leader Head of Department Electrical Aerospace Research Leader and Electronic Engineering, Deputy Dean Research, Professor Peter Lee – Enhanced Melbourne School of Engineering Human Performance Research Leader Professor Jason Monty – Professor Graham Schaffer Maritime Research Leader Head of – Multidisciplinary Materials Department Mechanical Engineering Research Leader Professor Chris Leckie Professor James Bailey – Artificial – Cyber Research Leader Intelligence Research Leader Professor Shanika Karunasekera – Professor Adrian Pearce – Artificial Intelligence Analytics Research Leader Intelligence Co-Research Leader Dr Richard De Rozario – Professor Lloyd Hollenberg Biosciences, IARPA Swarm Project – Quantum Technologies Dr Tim Van Gelder – Research Leader Biosciences, IARPA Swarm Project

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 23 Monash University

Monash University Skills and capability contact point: Monash University engages in Professor Chris Davies defence-related research across all Head of Mechanical and platforms: land, air, maritime and Aerospace Engineering personnel. The university has a long E: [email protected] history of engagement with DST Group, the RAAF, Veterans’ Affairs, the Office of Naval Research – Global (ONR-G) – and directly with ONR in the US – and with the AOARD. Engineering materials and manufacturing are significant strengths, spanning all defence platforms. Fluid – structure interactions form another significant area of capability, with multiple projects on hydrodynamics of submersed hulls; aerodynamics and turbulence combustion. These projects are both computational and experimental. Robotics, decision- making and unmanned autonomous systems all support defence efforts, as do expertise in asset management and protection, cyber security and the CAVE2 immersive visualisation environment. Medical expertise includes biomed – implants, biomaterials and imaging; research into mental health and trauma, drug

24 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 discoveries, anti-infective research, yyModelling, Optimisation, regenerative medicine and medical Immersive Analytics/Visualisation, interventions. Augmented/Virtual Reality supporting decision making, The Power Engineering Advanced particularly human-in-the-loop Research Laboratory (PEARL) has a particular focus on control and design yyMachine Learning for surveillance, of maritime and shipboard islanded monitoring and assistance systems; microgrids. PEARL possesses behavioural modelling; information capabilities and expertise in electrical retrieval power systems design, optimisation, yyArtificial Intelligence: Bayesian monitoring, and control, and also the techniques; Dialogue Research Lab real-time simulation of such systems dedicated to building and evaluating using various platforms such as RTDS dialogue systems based on a variety and Opal RT. of AI systems; User modelling In addition, the IT faculty has the largest group of data scientists Research strengths of any research institution in the Asia-Pacific region. As the only Metals and alloys designated IT faculty in an Australian Research ranges from light alloys, University to have state-of-the-art brass to advanced steels. It is focused research infrastructure on site, there on thermomechanical processing, is a substantial scale and high-risk microstructural characterisation tolerance to promote innovation. using electron microscopes and the Key capabilities aligned to defence synchrotron, evaluation of mechanical include research in: and corrosion properties, modelling of phase transformations and yyCybersecurity: cryptographic microstructure-property relationships, algorithms, including for quantum and constitutive modelling of computing; trusted computing; mechanical properties of metallic block-chain; information privacy materials to users

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 25 Monash University

Additive manufacturing eddy simulation to predict turbulence- generated noise Research across the additive manufacturing value chain including Decision-making engineering design, process control, Informed decision-making is a major alloy design and processing, surface determinant of mission success. finishing, and qualification and testing The Monash Institute of Cognitive aims to stronger, lighter and more and Clinical Neuroscience (MICCN) cost-effective components with improved efficiency and performance undertakes research into how real-world decision-making can be Fluid structure interactions enhanced and protected from the Unparalleled research and testing impact of challenging operational capabilities through our horizontal conditions, including sleep deprivation and vertical test tunnels, water jet and circadian misalignment. It also facility, wind tunnel, gas supersonic investigates how AI, virtual and jet visualisation facility and heat jet augmented reality, or brain-computer facility. The experimental capability interfaces can be used to support is complemented by direct numerical effective decision making, automation simulation of turbulence, and large- and performing advanced reasoning

26 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 Research infrastructure Be Active Sleep Eat (BASE)

Monash University operates a network Advances the science of nutrition, of over 30 Technology Platforms. sleep and activity. It pioneers the These core facilities provide specialist integration of nutrition, sleep, exercise interdisciplinary infrastructure, service physiology, and physical therapy from and expertise to researchers across research into practice both academia and industry. These Multi-modal Australian facilities include: Sciences Imaging and Visualisation Environment Monash Centre for Electron (MASSIVE) Microscopy (MCEM) Australia’s specialised high- A world class centre for multi-scale performance computing facility for characterisation of materials that can imaging and visualisation. It provides determine the composition, structure hardware, software and expertise to and bonding of materials down to drive research in biomedical sciences, the atomic scale. It researches the materials research, engineering and development and application of geosciences – with particular focus electron microscopy methods and on neuroscience and molecular provides advanced instrumentation, imaging expertise and teaching in electron microscopy Monash Wind Tunnel

Centre for Additive Manufacturing Australia’s leading low speed (MCAM) automotive aerodynamic test facility. It supports aerodynamic and wind Home to some of the world’s most noise research and development advanced Additive Manufacturing of full-scale production vehicles equipment takes fundamental research for Australian and international and applies it to manufacturing markets. It also provides research challenges. It works with its partners and development capabilities for to invent bespoke solutions to unique industries manufacturing challenges

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 27 Monash University

The Monash Institute for Monash Maintenance Technology Medical Engineering (MIME) Institute (MTI) Focus on translational MedTech Provides comprehensive industry research. Clinical research areas focused research and development include neuroscience and vision, which achieves optimum plant and cardiovascular and pulmonary equipment performance across and therapeutics and regenerative Australia and overseas medicine Monash Infrastructure (MI) Monash Energy Materials and Develops cutting-edge solutions to Systems Institute (MEMSI) make the world’s existing and new Develops solutions to enable infrastructure more cost effective, sustainable generation, storage, smarter, resilient, productive and distribution and use of energy sustainable

28 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 The Monash Immersive of ethics are increasingly central to Visualisation Platform (MIVP) the design of better, responsible and Operates advanced, immersive and ethical futures large-scale visualisation facilities, to enable IT researchers and Defence Collaborations leaders to nascent display and Monash has worked with DST and interaction technologies, changing international partners to investigate the way big data is visualised and factors impacting propulsion analysed energy (e.g. Turbulent boundary Monash Centre for Data Science layers) in sea and air defence platforms. Experimental and Focussed on developing effective computational research has been data-driven solutions in data directed at addressing the stealth governance, data management of both moving submerged and and data archiving, data analytics full merged underwater vehicles and visualisation and understanding the signatures Sensilab produced by submarines to minimise detection. A purpose-built research laboratory incorporating immersive visualisation Recent collaborations include: systems, sound and imaging IARPA CREATE studios, fabrication areas, robotics Crowdsourcing Evidence, Argumentation, and electronics maker spaces, Thinking and Evaluation integrated with advanced computing infrastructure the university received two IARPA (Intelligence Advanced Research The Emerging Technologies Lab Projects Activity) research program Investigates an emerging grants in 2017 from the US office of technological environment where National Intelligence with a combined automation, AI, data and the question value of US$6.1 million

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 29 Monash University

CREATE BARD Project inspecting Powder Bed Fusion 2017–2018 components in-process in real-time

BARD (Bayesian Argumentation via In-situ health monitoring Delphi) has been developed with of Defence platforms in US$5.7 million US Government harsh environments funding. Lead by Monash in investigating emergent techniques collaboration with three UK for the inscription of fibre optic strain Universities, the BARD project sensors through the protective coating focused on researching and designing of the fibre to achieve enhanced fibre new means of building and interacting strength and fatigue life with causal Bayesian networks to improve reasoning and generate Advanced flow diagnostics causal explanations, and improve for aeronautical research intelligence analysis Developed and implemented CREATE SWARM Project laser-based 3-dimensional multi- 2017 – present component velocimetry methods in aeronautical flow research A joint collaboration between Monash and Melbourne University Coalition warfare program and Imperial College London and to reduce weight and improve Stanford University, this project durability of contemporary military conducts research into harnessing equipment including naval vessels, the wisdom of crowds to improve armour plate for land and air, and intelligence analysis a number of vehicles, by utilising Additive Manufacturing corrosion resistant weldable Powder bed fusion aluminium alloys that are also tough aims to develop monitoring and control systems which can quantify Key personnel the part variance and significantly Manufacturing Optimisation reduce the risk of AM by applying Dr Andrey Molotnikov a newly developed method of & Professor Chris Davies

30 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 Structural health monitoring Machine Learning Professor Wing Kong Chiu Professor Geoff Webb – Data science, bioinformatics, Materials technology data mining Professor Chris Hutchinson Professor Dinh Phung – Hydrodynamics Deep learning, data science, Professor Julio Soria representation models & Dr Callum Atkinson Dr Francois Pettijean (ARC DECRA) Computational Fluid Dynamics Professor Murray Rudman – Data analysis, data modelling, earth satellite applications Energy storage Professor Kiyonori Suzuki Cybersecurity A/Professor Carsten Rudolph Electro-Photonics Director Oceania Cyber Security Professor Arthur Lowery Centre and Monash Cybersecurity Software Defined Lead – Trusted computing, Telecommunications security protocols, digital forensics, Professor Emanuele Viterbo security engineering and verification Microwave, Antennas HCI & Immersive Analytics / RFID and Sensors Professor Kimbal Marriott – A/Professor Nemai Karmakar Immersive analytics, optimisation, accessible graphics Artificial Intelligence (AI) Professor Ann Nicholson – Bayesian Professor Sharon Oviatt – and causal reasoning, intelligence Human computer interaction, decision support (both DST and IARPA) mobile and ubiquitous computing, multimodal interfaces Professor Phil Cohen – A world­ leading expert in artificial intelligence A/Professor Tim Dwyer – Immersive analytics, information Professor Ingrid Zukerman – visualisation, visual analytics User modelling, Natural language generation, Explainable AI (IARPA)

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 31 UNSW Sydney

UNSW Sydney contact point: Skills and capability

Ms Heather Nicoll UNSW has expertise, facilities and Institute Manager infrastructure in professional and UNSW Defence Research Institute scientific fields including business T: +61 2 6268 8404 and management, human and social sciences, medical and health E: [email protected] sciences, law and ethics, science and engineering, and IT and cyber. The university has an enduring relationship with the Australian Defence Force (ADF) founded on: yyThe delivery of undergraduate and postgraduate education to ADF personnel at the Australian Defence Force Academy (ADFA) for over 50 years yyTechnical Staff Officer training at the Capability & Technology Management Centre (CTMC) – formerly ATSOC – since 1992 yyImpactful research collaborations with ADF Services and Groups including DST Group The university can offer its research partners: yyBroad and deep understanding of the global defence and security research context

32 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 yyAccess to world class researchers, Research strengths1 technologies, and infrastructure including the T-ADFA Hypersonics UNSW is at, above or well above Laboratory; a cyber range co- world standard in several key defence- designed with CSIRO for teaching, related research areas including: training and research; and one of Autonomous Systems the largest UAV flight laboratories in Australia Trusted Autonomy is a game- changing area of Defence research yyAccess to national and global centred on understanding and research partners including Go8 engineering the interaction space members, DST Group and the between humans and machines. PLuS Alliance UNSW brings a combination of yyDedicated organisational units skills in robotics, AI, simulation – the UNSW Defence Research and ethics with focus on trusted Institute, and UNSW Knowledge human-autonomy learning and Exchange in the Division of cyber-physical systems. Enterprise – are committed to Key Contact: leading engagement with the Defence sector across government A/Professor Matt Garratt and industry Deputy Head of School (Research), School of Engineering and IT yyHighly effective collaboration mechanisms including T: +61 2 6268 8267 sophisticated research strategy E: [email protected] advice and support to maximise the impact, mutual benefit and value The university has an enduring of research collaborations and, relationship with the Australian from 2021, a Defence and Security Defence Force … Innovation Precinct in Canberra

1 Read more at: www.dri.unsw.edu.au/defence-research-at-unsw/capability-portfolio.

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 33 UNSW Sydney

Communication, Quantum, Hypersonics Digital and Cyber UNSW’s hypersonics capabilities The digital domain represents an include propulsion systems; high- increasing and persistent threat to speed free-flight test facilities; global stability, and an opportunity control method testing and to develop leading edge digital analysis; experimentation facilities capabilities. UNSW is a leader and diagnostics to test structural in a number of technology fields performance of materials and including quantum computation and components at supersonic and communication technologies; cyber hypersonic speeds; and hypersonic security, operations, law and ethics; sensor design including optics, sensors, signal processing and data electronics and communication fusion; IoT analysis and applications technologies. with a focus on data mining and deep Key Contacts: learning, human activity recognition, information filtering and brain- Professor Andrew Neely computer interfaces. School of Engineering and IT Key Contacts: T: +61 2 6268 8251 Professor Michelle Simmons Director E: [email protected] Centre for Quantum Computation & A/Professor Sean O’Byrne Communication Technology School of Engineering and IT T: +61 2 9385 9584 T: +61 2 6268 8353 E: [email protected] E: [email protected] Ms Dianne Ferguson Space Centre Manager UNSW Cyber UNSW has Australia’s largest space T: +61 2 6268 8350 engineering capability, able to E: [email protected] support mission planning, and space

34 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 craft design, manufacture, testing Research infrastructure and operation. The university has collaborated with DST Group and In addition to the facilities mentioned RAAF to successfully launch two above, UNSW hosts the Mark satellites, with two more missions Wainwright Analytical Centre with committed launch contracts. (MWAC). MWAC manages major Key facilities include the Australian instrumentation used by researchers National Concurrent Design Facility for the study of the structure and (ANCDF), supporting integrated composition of biological, chemical mission conceptualisation, planning and physical materials. Facilities are and space craft design; a Class accessible to external researchers, 10,000 clean room for space craft government and industry users. assembly and integration; and a Please see https://www.analytical. satellite ground station supporting unsw.edu.au/ for links to specific space missions and space situational facilities including Electron awareness. Microscope Unit, Nuclear Magnetic Key Contacts: Resonance Facility and Spectroscopy Laboratory. Professor Russell Boyce Chair for Space Engineering UNSW hosts a number of unique UNSW Space defence related facilities including: T: +61 2 6268 8056 yyCyber range that provides war gaming, training and exercising E: [email protected] co-designed with CSIRO for A/Professor Robert Malaney School teaching, training and research of Electrical Engineering and yyOne of 12 telescopes as part of Telecommunications the Falcon Telescope Network T: +61 2 9385 6580 for monitoring fast moving space debris and satellites for space E: [email protected] situational awareness

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 35 UNSW Sydney

yyThe fastest two-stage gas-gun in being seen. DST Group has engaged the Southern Hemisphere, able to Professor Nicole Kessissoglou and fire projectiles to 4.5 km/s Dr Paul Croaker of UNSW’s School of Mechanical and Manufacturing yyT-ADFA hypersonics laboratory, Engineering to undertake fundamental a combination of a free-piston research into the generation and driven shock tunnel with multi- propagation of flow-induced noise mode laser-based flow diagnostics at sea and to study how this noise yyOne of the largest indoor UAV flight interacts with structures immersed laboratories in Australia in the flow. The research focus is yyThe most developed Mössbauer to develop robust, well validated spectroscopy laboratory in numerical techniques that can Australia accurately predict underwater flow-induced noise.

Collaborations High performance optical telemetry system for ocean UNSW is committed to using monitoring knowledge, capability and technology to engage with industry, government The goal of a recently completed and the community. UNSW has a UNSW CRC Project led by spin flexible approach to collaboration and off company Zedelef, partnering looks to maximise value and mutual with Thales, was to develop the benefit for partners. next generation of distributed sonar arrays using UNSW-based Three current examples are: photonics technologies and resulted Work on metamaterials in a successful demonstration of The way acoustic coatings on submarine the technology. hulls can assist them remain quiet while also evading sonar detection from other Space marine vessels. UNSW Space’s current missions Stealth is as much about the art of collaborating with Defence include not being heard as it is about not Buccaneer, jointly developed with

36 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 Defence Science and Technology Key personnel Group (DSTG), along with an additional two cubesat missions Ms Heather Nicoll Institute Manager, (M1 & M2) with the Royal Australian UNSW Defence Research Institute Air Force. These missions play a role T: +61 2 6268 8404 in growing Australia’s experience and space contribution, as well as building M: 0412 092 703 UNSW’s capability to train for future E: [email protected] Defence skills needs.

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 37 OUR STANDARDS 2015: PUBLIC OF TEACHING OUR GOALS UNIVERSITY AND RESEARCH, FOR THE IS WORTH ARE ABSOLUTE YEAR AHEAD DEFENDING › PAGE 1 › PAGE 2 › PAGE 3

FEBRUARY 2015 | EDITION 1

The University of Queensland

The University of Queensland Skills and capability contact point: The University of Queensland (UQ) Mr Joe McLean Director has numerous research and research Research Partnerships collaborative strengths, with capability T: +61 7 336 53559 embedded in several faculties and institutes. The breadth extends from E: director.partnerships new lightweight materials for weapon @research.uq.edu.au systems and vehicles to vaccines; from hypersonic flight to legal issues impacting the autonomous combat. UQ is a founding member of the Defence Materials Technology Centre and recently reached agreement with DST on a number of initiatives aimed at boosting Australia’s hypersonics capability. UQ is Australia’s leading knowledge transfer facilitator as measured by start-ups created and licensing revenue generated. UQ’s greatest concentration of relevant expertise is in the Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance, Space, Electronic Warfare and Cyber Security capability area outlined in the 2016 Defence White Paper. However, UQ is also particularly strong in underlying technologies that contribute across capability areas such as nanoscale engineering and in areas such as human factors that ensure our Defence personnel are operating at optimal effectiveness.

38 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 GO8.EDU.AU

GOE_001 Newsletter_A4 PRINT_FINAL.indd 1 17/02/2015 11:22 am Research strengths Quantum and Photonic Sensing Technologies Hypersonics UQ has strong research strengths Through UQ’s Centre for Hypersonics, in quantum and photonic sensing UQ collaborates with DST on technologies, housed within the the Hypersonic International Australian Centre for Engineered Flights Research Experimentation Quantum Systems and the UQ (HIFiRE) program to investigate the Precision Sensing Initiative within the fundamental science of hypersonic School of Mathematics and Physics. technology and its potential for next These next generation sensing generation aeronautical systems. technologies will impact future defence UQ’s School of Mechanical & Mining capabilities in position, navigation and Engineering (SMME) and its HyShot timing, and situational awareness. Group has enabled UQ to build advanced scramjet prototypes and undertake prolonged flight tests. UQ UQ is a founding member of the researchers conducted the first ever Defence Materials Technology successful test flights of a scramjet Centre … in 2002.

CyberSecurity Ethics and legal issues in Trusted Autonomous Systems UQ has established a world-class research group on cybersecurity within Work on ethics and legal issues in the the School of Information Technology development of trusted autonomous & Electrical Engineering. It focuses systems is a new collaboration on understanding how security involving UQ and UNSW beginning vulnerabilities arise in complex, in the Defence CRC on Trusted interconnected software systems Autonomous Systems (DTAS) in and developing tools to assist identify 2019. This collaboration will involve and analyse them. An emphasis on several post-docs and PhD students automation will ensure the tools are examining the legal and ethical issues usable by non-specialist programmers. posed by autonomous systems.

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 39 The University of Queensland

Microwave Technologies One major outcome was a joint book chapter in the 2016 AIAA Advanced UQ houses Australia’s leading research Composite Materials and Structures group in microwave engineering. reference text. The research focus has been on electromagnetic imaging and sensing, Corrosion performance and in addition to building reconfigurable protection and modelling of antennas and microwave devices for material deformation at high emerging on-the-move communication strain rates systems. The microwave engineering This collaboration builds on UQ’s group has collaborative projects capability in the environmental with EM Solutions; building flat panel performance and corrosion of light reconfigurable antennas for low earth metals and is based on research orbit satellites, CubeSats, drones, partnerships with the Maritime Division, UAVs and other vehicles. It has begun Defence Science and Technology work with EM Solutions on building Group. In partnership with Land Vehicle autonomous satellite terminals for Survivability, Defence Science and ubiquitous broadband communication. Technology Group (funded as part Structural Health Management of the Defence Science Partnerships of Composite Materials Program) there is also collaboration on the modelling of material A long-term collaboration exists deformation at high strain rates. between UQ and the Aerospace Division of the Defence Science and Medical Countermeasures Technology Group on the application Medical Countermeasures include of guided wave ultrasonics to vaccines, therapeutics and detect and characterise damage in diagnostics for the protection of composite materials and structures. military and civilian personnel against This has resulted in joint ARC chemical biological and radiological Discovery projects, joint projects (CBR) threats, emerging infectious as part of the CRC for Advanced diseases and pandemics. UQ is Composite Structures as well as currently involved in two projects DSTG funded Research Agreements. with the DMTC in the medical

40 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 countermeasures area: “Rapid small scale autoclave curing diagnosis of Microbial Infections (two large ovens with internal without Culture” led by Dr Mark dimensions W600 x D400 x H500), Blaskovich, Institute of Molecular high temperature thermoplastic Bioscience and “Phase 1 Clinical Trial of processing (compression a novel Japanese encephalitis vaccine” moulding, injection moulding), led by Professor Roy Hall, School of high pressure resin transfer Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences. moulding, and reactive processing of thermoplastic composites Research infrastructure yyMaterial testing laboratory: Hypersonic/Space Capabilities 5 Instron testing machines, including 2 electromechanical yyT4 – Free-piston driven (EM) frame machines. Material shock tunnel testing can be performed using yyX2 – Free-piston driven multiple configuration and in expansion tube various environments, from elevated to cryogenic temperatures. yyX3 – Free-piston driven ARAMIS measuring system, expansion tube which consists of two 2448 pixel yyDrummond tube/tunnel by 2050 pixel resolution cameras Medical Countermeasures that can capture images at a frame rate up to 15 Hz. The ARAMIS yyTerahertz laboratory software provides full calculation yyAnechoic chamber (near- and of 2D and 3D displacement and far-field). The near-field antennae strain fields measurement system was the the Intelligence, surveillance, first in an Australian university reconnaissance, electronic warfare, space and cyber Multidisciplinary material sciences yyiMotion biometric research suite yyComposite manufacturing: resin being procured infusion, composite extrusion,

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 41 The University of Queensland

Collaborations Human robot interaction Significant collaboration with the Hypersonics Aerospace Division, Defence Science The pioneering HyShot and HIFiRE and Technology and UQ, UCSD flight test programs involved DST, and WPAFB. The project is a DST US Air Force, DARPA, Boeing, QinetiQ, – US AFOSR grant, funded under JAXA and many university groups the Trusted Autonomous Systems worldwide. Following HyShot the program. Robots are increasingly DST Applied Hypersonics Group being included as team members was founded and conducted the in a range of cooperative team successful HIFiRE Program with tasks, creating a need for advanced UQ and Boeing as key collaborators. analysis methods to understand The 2019 establishment of the their interaction dynamics. The aim DST Eagle Farm complex, and is to develop an Interactive Systems the relocation there of UQ’s X3 Toolkit incorporating novel qualitative multi-mode shock tunnel creates and quantitative analysis techniques, Australia’s largest hypersonic test to analyse open data sets from the facility, earmarked to become an fields of human-robot interactions and international hub for collaborative social neuroscience, and to develop aerospace research. robots that function as cooperative team members. Airborne Imaging and Mapping Quantum and Photonic UQ’s Remote Sensing Research Sensing Technologies Centre (RSRC) hosts Australia’s UQ has strong research strengths national earth observation in quantum and photonic sensing coordination body, Earth Observation technologies. UQ researchers Australia and conducts associated collaborate with Defence and the government research. This Centre Defence industry, including funding is supported by state-of-the-art through the NGTF, AFOSR, ARO, research infrastructure. Lockheed Martin, and Boeing.

42 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 Key personnel Professor Brian Lovell, ITEE – computer vision and pattern Professor Matt Dargusch, recognition, face recognition School of Mechanical & Mining Engineering (SMME) and DMTC Professor Pauline Pounds, ITEE – – Corrosion performance UAVs, aerial robot-object interaction Professor David Mee, SMEE – Professor Penny Sanderson, Hypersonic and Supersonic Flow School of Psychology/ITEE/ School of Medicine – human factors Professor Paul Meehan, SMME – smart machines, spacecraft systems A/Professor Vaughan Clarkson, and biological/human body processes, ITEE – Real time assessment advanced manufacturing modelling of situational awareness Professor Richard Morgan, A/Professor Graeme Smith, SMEE – hypersonics ITEE – cybersecurity Professor Allan Paull, Dr Mark Blaskovich, Institute SMME – hypersonics for Molecular Biosciences, antimicrobial resistance Professor Michael Smart, SMME – hypersonic aerodynamics, scramjets A/Professor Warwick Bowen, School of Mathematics & Physics A/Professor Martin Veidt, SMME – – quantum and photonic sensing composite materials, applied mechanics Professor Andrew White, School of Professor Amin Abbosh, Mathematics & Physics – quantum SMME – microwave technologies information, quantum optics Professor Janet Wiles, School of Professor Stuart Phinn, Information Technology & Electrical Remote Sensing Research Centre Engineering (ITEE) – human factors, – airborne imaging and mapping human robot interactions, visualization and artificial intelligence Dr Rain Liivoja, UQ Law School – ethics and legal issues

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 43 The University of Sydney

The University of Sydney Skills and capability contact point: The University of Sydney has A/Professor Eric Knight made a significant investment in Pro Vice Chancellor (Research multidisciplinary research – more – Enterprise & Engagement) than $1.5 billion over the past seven E: [email protected] years and has a long-term relationship with the Australian Defence Force Richard Cislowski and Defence Science and Technology Business Development (DST) Group. Manager (Defence) As one example, the university is E: [email protected] working with Thales on breakthrough Professor Duncan Ivison technology in underwater sensing Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research) and fibre laser sensors, recognising the pace of innovation is critical to E: [email protected] world-leading new technologies and capabilities. The university’s core research facilities utilise the latest innovative technology across all disciplines. The Sydney Nanoscience Hub has specialised tools and processes to enable researchers and industry to make nanodevices and prototype new ideas. Currently, research is enabling development in optical chips, photonics, autonomous systems, surveillance, electronic devices and new quantum science and technology.

44 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 Research strengths Additive Manufacturing The Additive Manufacturing Trusted Autonomous Systems (AM) Group is transforming the The university’s School of Aerospace, way defence componentry is Mechanical and Mechatronic manufactured. This fundamental Engineering is developing lightweight research cuts across all metal unmanned aerial systems that AM processes including large- combine vertical take-off with scale processes that involve arc, horizontal fixed wing flight for plasma and laser, laser powder extended speed and endurance. bed fusion, electron powder bed These are supported by cutting-edge fusion, binder jet and metal jet communication, control and sensor processes. Enhancements to defence payloads. Using machine learning, The capability include the management Australian Centre for Field Robotics of component run/repair/replace is developing an automated acoustic decision-making, component surveillance system for the unmanned performance and functionality monitoring of Australian waters Quantum Technologies Enhanced Human Performance The Quantum Control Laboratory The adaptable cognition and decision- provides access to one of the world- making research program at the leading quantum technologies Cognitive and Decision Sciences Lab – trapped atomic ions. It uses a collaborates with DSTO to investigate combination of custom ultra-high- how people adapt to changing vacuum systems, precision stabilised circumstances, and how this ability lasers, high-stability radiofrequency can be improved. Using virtual-reality oscillators, and flexible microwave simulation technologies they have control systems to measure the developed a simulation to reliably control, evolution, and interactions measure the ability of individuals and of quantum systems. Experiments potentially teams to be adaptable in and practically focused theory are the face of dynamic task demands enabling studies of fundamental

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 45 The University of Sydney

questions in quantum physics and improves detection of smaller, faster, the engineering of new quantum- smarter targets, as well as delivering enabled technologies from quantum enhanced operational intelligence, computation to quantum sensing surveillance and reconnaissance.

Advanced sensors, photonics, The Nano Institute is developing and directed energy single photon detectors that are compatible with semiconductor The use of advanced photonic manufacturing and can be integrated technologies is assisting build a on to ultra-compact photonic circuits. high-sensitivity on-chip photonic The research is translating this enhanced radio frequency front- new class of single photon sensor end system which addresses the prototypes into real-world applications current technology’s limitations. to reduce complexity and improve Placed between a radar antenna and portability and ease of operation. follow-on signal processing stages it

46 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 Research infrastructure The Research and Prototype Foundry The University of Sydney’s core enables the development of research facilities offer a range of related services to assist researchers optical chips, electronic devices with specialist applications. These and new quantum science and centralised, shared facilities span technology via outstanding faculties and serve as focal points lithography, etching, deposition of research activity. and metrology. A purpose-built cleanroom provides an environment The core research facilities bring with extremely precise regulation together researchers from diverse of temperature, humidity, light disciplines, and provide the means to and air composition, vibrations, better manage and sustain high-end and electromagnetic interference. research infrastructure to conduct The facility is recognised as one of quality research.

The facility is recognised as one of the most advanced of its kind and houses many of the world’s leading quantum physicists. For this reason, Microsoft chose to partner with the university for the advancement of quantum science.

Sydney Analytical and Sydney the most advanced of its kind and Microscopy and Microanalysis houses many of the world’s leading has the most comprehensive and quantum physicists. For this reason, sophisticated material processing Microsoft chose to partner with the and characterisation capability university for the advancement of available. It is fundamental to the quantum science. development of strong, lightweight and durable materials and new materials with sophisticated properties.

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 47 The University of Sydney

The Sydney Informatics Hub The Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Processing centralises our capabilities in data Research Facility analytics, modelling, bioinformatics and high-performance computing has a major focus on additive with the Artemis supercomputer. manufacturing R&D. It is enormously This facility also houses capabilities relevant to defence industries and in information/data engineering that research priorities for the development and application of new materials, forward power leading research in artificial deployed manufacturing, consolidated intelligence, machine learning, cyber parts prototyping, manufacturing and security and integrated/distributed repair, integrated digital platforms, digital platforms distributed systems security, artificial intelligence and automation

48 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 The university also has leading yyAustralian Army multidisciplinary institutes of yyAir Force Office of relevance: Scientific Research The Australian Centre yyUS Army for Field Robotics (ACFR) yyMicrosoft a fast-growing field robotics cohort with expertise in land, marine and yyQANTAS aerial robotics as well as trusted yyThales autonomous systems, artificial Autonomous Systems intelligence and sensors development. The ACFR’s ten year partnership The Aeronautical engineering group implementing automation across is collaborating with the Defence Rio Tinto’s mines is testimony to Innovation Hub on the AMSL Aero the level of expertise in this domain. Autonomous Electric VTOL Aircraft. This aircraft provides the Australian Sydney Nanoscience Hub Army with a high-speed autonomous has specialised tools and processes logistics and casualty evacuation to allow researchers and industry unmanned aircraft with vertical to make nanodevices and prototype take-off and landing and 300 km/ new ideas. hr cruise speed. Multi-disciplinary expertise in aircraft and electric Collaborations powertrain optimisation has allowed AMSL to push design boundaries The university has established providing an aircraft with unmatched research institutes and centres performance. The project is being in partnership with government, expanded to included full aircraft industry and community partners. stability in collaboration with NSW Our engagement with the Department Defence Innovation Network and of Defence is extensive, covering a translation of the technology to research and education. We maintain civilian medical evacuation missions long term collaborations with: is under review.

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 49 The University of Sydney

Photonics can be integrated on to ultracompact photonic circuits. The project Integration of broadband microwave continues to leverage the technology photonic frequency convertors is a collaboration with Harris and know-how that DST has been Corporation, ANU and DST. It is to developing through its existing develop breakthrough microwave research and collaborative programs to photonic processors with increased develop and test advanced APD based bandwidth and unprecedented RF single photon detector technologies. signal processing and with massive Jericho Lab reduction in size weight and power consumption. This would deliver The Jericho Lab – prototyped at vastly improved performance for Sydney – responds to military use in phased-array antennas, problems by bringing together the best satellite communications, electronic- minds in high-end science, design and countermeasures, radar processing technology to translate and accelerate and future fifth-generation wireless leading-edge academic knowledge communications. into defence capability. The Lab sits at

In collaboration with Plan Jericho the university is designing, fabricating and evaluating the performance of a new type of silicon-based single photon detector that … can be integrated on to ultracompact photonic circuits

In collaboration with Plan Jericho the the nexus of world leading scientific university is designing, fabricating research, latest technology, creativity and evaluating the performance of and entrepreneurship. The university a new type of silicon-based single is enabling capability integration photon detector that is compatible of disruptive technologies, such as with traditional semiconductor artificial intelligence and nanoscale manufacturing, without the need for photonics for the Air Force of the cryogenic temperatures, and which future.

50 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 The Lab is able to quickly Professor Michael Biercuk Director, develop and prototype capability Quantum Control Laboratory – enhancements to counter adversary Director of the Quantum Control combat technologies. It is where Laboratory design becomes tangible, and where Professor Xiaoke Yi Queen Elizabeth people share tools, resources and II Fellow, School of Electrical and knowledge. Information Engineering – Leader Marathon Targets Computing, Communication and Security, Australian Institute for Established within the Australian Nanoscale Science and Technology Centre for Field Robotics, Marathon Targets sells robot targets to defence Professor Stefan Williams – forces on four continents. Marathon Head of School, School of Aerospace, robots are autonomous: the on-board Mechanical and Mechatronic software allows the robot to react the Engineering way that combatants might typically A/Professor Cara Wrigley, Theme behave, using sensors to locate Leader, Energy and Environments, themselves and other targets while Australian Institute for Nanoscale moving in and out of buildings on a Science and Technology live-fire all-terrain range. A/Professor Sabina Kleitman – Key personnel Director of the Cognitive and Decision Sciences (CODES) Research Lab, Listed is a small sample of our School of Psychology expertise. Interest and inquiries regarding our work can be directed Dr Dries Verstratae, Senior Lecturer to our dedicated defence partnership in Aerospace Design and Propulsion team – contact details above. – School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering Professor Simon Ringer Director, Core Research Facilities – Professor Ben Eggleton, Director Director of Core Research Facilities – Nano Institute and co-Director of the NSW Smart Sensing Network

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 51 The University of Western Australia

The University of Western Skills and capability Australia contact point: The University of Western Australia Ms Pru Ayling (UWA) delivers multidisciplinary Industry Engagement Manager research, technology and business E: [email protected] solutions. The university contributes to the national defence industry M: 0412 449 038 with leading strengths in marine engineering, human factors, automation and sensing.

Research strengths

UWA engages in a broad spectrum of research including radio astronomy and supercomputing, offshore engineering, marine science and comprehensive health research. Research areas include: yyMaximising capabilities in intensive environments (submarines) by understanding work design and human interface with technology to optimise performance

Host to the Perth USAsia Centre, a leading think tank focusing in geo-political issues, policy development and building strategic affairs.

52 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 yyHost to the Perth USAsia Centre, a yyIn support of next-generation leading think tank focusing in geo- computational technologies, political issues, policy development the Frequency and Quantum and building strategic affairs Metrology Research Group are leaders in precision measurement yyOceans expertise in in situ measurement, remote sensing, involving frequency, time and modelling of surface and internal quantum systems waves, currents, sediment, yyResearch includes miniaturised morphology, and biogeochemical gravity gradiometer, interferometric properties EM gradiometer, microwave yyResearch in turbulent flows, ocean sensors and precision oscillators circulation models, and laboratory and clocks work on transport and turbulent yyAdvanced mathematical methods mixing within oceans and numerical techniques to yyExpertise relevant to defence model the dynamics of quantum includes the dynamics of large systems and investigate quantum amplitude internal waves and algorithms the ocean response to tropical yyNext generation technologies in cyclone forcing remote operations, new materials yyExpertise and a significant research for sensor fabrication, novel sensor portfolio in floating vessel dynamics, architectures to sensor readouts ocean-structure interaction, and data analysis offshore anchoring dynamics yyDevelopment of new class infrared and geotechnical engineering detection, imaging and multi/ yyExpertise in metocean dynamics hyperspectral sensors, terahertz and ocean forecasting, offshore band sensing, optical/fibre systems, fixed and floating structural high sensitive magnetometers engineering, hydrodynamics single-chip gas, chemical, pressure and structure interaction, and and temperature sensors asset management

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 53 The University of Western Australia

yyDesigning and building hardware, yyAutonomous and electric drive electronics and software for almost systems, spanning DC, AC, and 100 driving, walking, swimming/ brushless systems, including diving and flying robots motors, controllers, battery banks and charging systems yyComputer vision, particularly tools for machine learning in yyIntelligent systems, artificial neural 3D biometric, RGB-D object networks, biomedical engineering, segmentation and recognition, control, digital signal processing, robot grasping and sub-sea parallel and distributed computing, ecology projects image processing, pattern recognition and software engineering yySignal and image processing, separation of acoustic signals yyWork design, resilience and using remote sensors, audio- performance related to the visual data, and human speech cognitive mechanisms that recognition systems – for underlie human performance human machine interface in safety-critical work contexts

54 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 yyProspective memory, situational Research infrastructure awareness, human interaction with automated systems and yyAustralian National Fabrication error from interruptions, distraction Facility (ANFF) node at UWA is a and multitasking state-of-the-art facility in infrared technology and micro electro yyResearch partner with RAN on mechanical systems fabrication submarine crews and the interface processes for industry and broader of new technology in future research communities submarines to ensure optimal performance yyThe Microelectronics Research Group runs a completely yyDevelopment of new antibiotics vertically-integrated sensor with target components for facility, from materials growth, virulence but not growth of through device design, fabrication bacteria, to reduce development and testing, to packaging and of resistance. Extensive experience sub-system assembly in containment level 3 work (PC3) and experience in Biosafety Level yyThe UWA Oceans Institute has 2 and 3 work in both experimental facilities focused on oceanography, and animal laboratories ocean dynamics, ecology, offshore and geotechnical engineering. It yyInjury management, spinal cord includes an Ocean Glider Facility repair, soft tissue regeneration, with a fleet of autonomous, enhanced cooling from underwater ocean gliders hyperthermia, mechanisms of and delay of muscle fatigue yyWatermans Bay which is the Indian Ocean’s first sea water facility for yyChemical measurement of stress, marine research with state-of-the- assessment tools for screening and art laboratories early detection of mental health problems, remote health provision using wearables

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 55 The University of Western Australia

yyPawsey Supercomputing Centre yyThe O-tube is a unique in-situ (UWA Visualisation), which test facility for pipeline stability operates multiple supercomputers, yyThe Centre for Offshore Foundation data-intensive machines and Systems provides solutions to storage systems worldwide offshore foundation yyCentre for Microscopy, needs through sophisticated Characterisation and Analysis modelling and experimental provides world-class microscopy facilities and microanalysis facilities yyThe National Geotechnical yyNational Geotechnical Centrifuge Centrifuge Facility is a world Facility is a world leading leading geotechnical centrifuge geotechnical centrifuge facility facility working on a wide working on a wide range range of onshore and offshore of onshore and offshore geotechnical solutions geotechnical solutions yyWoodside OceanWorks is yyExtensive Radio astronomy an innovative space focused experience (ICRAR), the Gingin in bringing together industry observatory which hosts tracking and academia facilities and the Zadko telescope yyThe Control Room Use Simulation yyOcean Glider Facility operates a Environment (Cruse) Lab fleet of autonomous, underwater yyAir Traffic Control Simulation ocean gliders to make sustainable measurements from the continental yyDriving Simulator shelf and associated boundary yyHigh level Physical Containment currents Level 2 (PC2) facilities yyA large pool of state-of-the-art field yyPhysical Containment Level 3 (PC3) oceanographic and bioacoustic animal facilities at the Biomedical equipment available, including Research Facility (BRF) ocean sensors and laboratories

56 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 Collaborations developed the CRUSE lab (Control Room Use Simulation Environment) Key defence research collaborations to optimise the integration of include: a tactical information team to Counter Improvised Threats achieve decision superiority. The research aims to inform the design As part of the inaugural DST Counter configuration of submarine hardware, Improvised Threats Grand Challenge software, and procedures (people), initiative UWA is developing high-tech to create functionality that maximises sensors to detect bombs in public team process, team cognition, and places. The sensors, which would team performance. be attached to drones, could detect

In collaboration with DSTO and the Royal Australian Navy, UWA has developed the CRUSE lab (Control Room Use Simulation Environment) to optimise the integration of a tactical information team to achieve decision superiority. residues of bomb-making chemicals Medical Countermeasures on backpacks or suspicious packages The Health and Medical Sciences at public gatherings such as sporting group have a contract with DMTC events. looking at the characterisation of Other research includes pathogens and discovery of novel Optomechanical sensors and medical countermeasures. The group instruments and signal processing. has high containment PC2 facilities to handle Security Sensitive Biological Human Factors Agents (SSBAs) Burkholderia In collaboration with DSTO and the pseudomallei and Coxiella burnetii Royal Australian Navy, UWA has phase II.

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 57 The University of Western Australia

Austal Smart Ship Initiative Key personnel UWA has partnered with defence Professor Mike Tobar prime contractor Austal. In response – Faculty of Engineering to increasing demand within the high- & Mathematical Science speed ferry market Austal increased focus on technology development. Professor Lorenzo Faraone, This collaboration is investigating Head, Microelectronics Research smart technology options to develop Group – Faculty of Engineering current systems and capabilities to & Mathematical Sciences operate a vessel more efficiently. Professor Brett Nener, Woodside Oceanworks Microelectronics Research OceanWorks is a collaboration Group – Faculty of Engineering between Woodside FutureLab and & Mathematical Sciences UWA. Woodside FutureLab connects Professor Peter Quinn, the best people in Western Australia Director – International Centre to collaborate, create and innovate. for Radio Astronomy Research It brings together researchers, entrepreneurs, subject matter experts Professor Mark Reynolds, and parallel leading industries. Head of School – Faculty of Engineering & Mathematical Woodside RiverLab Sciences The RiverLab – a collaboration Professor Dilusha Silva, between Woodside and UWA – is Microelectronics Research developing innovations in offshore engineering via research, education Group – Faculty of Engineering and outreach. RiverLab brings & Mathematical Sciences together researchers from diverse Professor Mohammed Benammoun, disciplines, with state-of-the art Computer Science and Software equipment, to enable unique field Engineering – Faculty of Engineering measurements and experiments & Mathematical Science in the Swan River.

58 – CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 Professor Adrian Keating, Professor Jingbo Wang, Microelectronics Research Head of School of Physics Group – Faculty of Engineering – Faculty of Engineering & Mathematical Sciences & Mathematical Science Professor Chari Pattiaratchi, Professor Rob Atkin, Oceans Institute – Faculty of School of Molecular Sciences Engineering & Mathematical Science – Faculty of Science Professor Simon Farrell, Dr Jin Hong, Computer Science Business School – Faculty of Arts, and Software Engineering Business, Law and Education – Faculty of Engineering & Mathematical Science Professor Martin Barbetti, School of Agriculture and Environment – Professor Peter Robertson, Faculty of Science Dean of Business School – Faculty of Arts, Business, A/Professor Shayne Loft, Deputy Law and Education Head of School of Psychological A/Professor David Coward, Science – Faculty of Science Gravitational Wave Discovery A/ Professor Troy Visser, – Faculty of Engineering School of Psychological & Mathematical Science Science – Faculty of Science Professor Peter Goldschmidt, A/Professor Tim Sercombe, Business School – Faculty of Arts, Head of School of Engineering Business, Law and Education – Faculty of Engineering Professor Ajmal Mian, Computer & Mathematical Science Science and Software Engineering Professor Gia Parish, – Faculty of Engineering Associate Dean of Research & Mathematical Science – Faculty of Engineering Dr Sascha Schediwy – International & Mathematical Science Centre for Radio Astronomy Research

CURATED: GO8 DEFENCE CAPABILITY 2019 – 59 go8.edu.au