Notes and References
Notes and References 1 Samizdat: A Return to the Pre-Gutenberg Era Published originally in Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Series IV, XIX (1981), pp. 51-66; reprinted in Cross Currents: A Yearbook of Central European Culture (Ann Arbor, Mich., 1980), I, pp. 64-80. 1. D. S. Mirsky, A History of Russian Literature, from Its Beginnings to 1900 (New York, 1958), pp. 182-3. 2. Isabel de Madariaga, Russia in the Age of Catherine the Great (London, New Haven, 1981), p. 545. 3. Gayle Durham Hollander, 'Political Communication and Dissent in the Soviet Union', in Rudolf L. Tokes, ed., Dissent in the USSR: Politics, Ideology and People (Baltimore, 1975), pp. 263-4. On the dissemination of 'secret' works by the young Pushkin and Ryleev, see also N. L. Stepanov, in Ocherki po istorii russkoi zhurnalistiki i kritiki (Leningrad, 1950), I, p. 194. Other writers refer to the letters of Prince Kurbskii to the tsar during the reign of Ivan the Terrible, unpublished letters of Chaadayev, and in the 1820s the dissemination among the peasants of a handwritten text of the New Testament in Russian (instead of the usual Church Slavonic); Michael Meerson-Aksenov and Boris Shragin, eds, The Political, Social and Religious Thought of Russian 'Samizdat': An Anthology (Belmont, MA, 1977), pp. 25,439. Another example of early 'proto-samizdat' was the encyclicals of Patriarch Tikhon which the government printing establishments refused to print; D. Pospielovsky, 'From Gosizdat to Samizdat and Tamizdat', Canadian Slavonic Papers, XX, no. 1 (March 1978), p. 46. 4. Cited by Hollander, 'Political Communication,' p.
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