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Final Environmental Impact Statement: Table of Contents Table of Contents – Volume 2 Changes Between the Draft and Final EIS

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Final Environmental Impact Statement: Table of Contents Table of Contents – Volume 2 Changes Between the Draft and Final EIS BLM Oregon State Office Final Environmental Impact Statement Bureau of Land Management Vegetation Treatments Using Herbicides on BLM Lands in Oregon Volume 2 - Appendices October 2005 October July 2010 FES 10-23 BLM/OR/WA/AE-10/077+1792 As the Nation’s principal conservation agency, the Department of the Interior has responsibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural resources. This Cover: Southeast of Richland, Oregon along the Brownlee Reservoir includes fostering the wisest use (Snake River), a rancher views vast stands of medusahead (a noxious weed). of our land and water resources, The area is mixed BLM/private ownership (photographer: Matt Kniesel). protecting our fish and wildlife, preserving the environmental and cultural values of our national parks and historical places, and providing for the enjoyment of life through outdoor recreation. The Department assesses our energy and mineral resources and works to assure that their development is in the best interest of all our people. The Department also has a major responsibility for American Indian reservation communities and for people who live in Island Territories under U.S. administration. Because science cannot, in any practical sense, assure safety through any testing regime, pesticide use should be approached cautiously. (EPA scoping comment, July 28, 2008) Our present technologies for countering invasive non-native weeds are rudimentary and few: control by biological agents, manual eradication, mechanized removal, fire, and herbicides. All have limitations; all are essential (Jake Sigg, California Native Plant Society 1999) Final Environmental Impact Statement: Table of Contents Table of Contents – Volume 2 Changes Between the Draft and Final EIS . .453 Appendix 1 – The PEIS . .455 Appendix 2 - Standard Operating Procedures and Mitigation Measures from the PEIS . .457 Appendix 3 – Monitoring . .469 Part I - Existing Monitoring . .469 Part II - Potential Monitoring . .474 Appendix 4 – Protocol for Identifying, Evaluating, and Using New Herbicides . .477 Identification and Approval of New herbicide Products and Technologies . .477 Determining the Need for New Herbicides . .478 Assessment of Hazards and Risks. .479 NEPA Documentation . .480 Appendix 5 – Federally Listed and other Special Status Species . .483 Summary of the Action Alternatives . 484 Summary of Applicable Standard Operating Procedures and PEIS Mitigation Measures . .484 Consultation . .485 Biological Assessment Conservation Measures . .486 Endangered and Threatened Species in Oregon . 486 Birds . .486 Fish. .493 Invertebrates . 510 Mammals . .514 Vascular Plants . .519 State Directors Special Status Species List – Federally Listed or Proposed . 540 State Directors Special Status Species List – Bureau Sensitive . .542 Appendix 6 – Summary of Existing District Resource Management Plan Direction for Noxious Weeds . .555 Appendix 7 – Additional Information about Noxious Weeds and Other Invasive Plants . .585 Oregon State Noxious Weed List . .586 Common and Scientific Plant Names . 589 Noxious Weed Spread Rate References and Calculations . 594 Additional Information about the Ecological Damage Caused by Invasive Plants . .598 Appendix 8 – Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessments . 605 Risk Assessments . .605 Appendix 9 – Additional Information About the 18 Herbicides . .609 Herbicide Formulations Approved for BLM Lands . 609 Target Species and Recommended Herbicide Controls . 617 Adjuvants Approved for Use on BLM Lands Nationally . 624 Individual Herbicide Summaries . .627 Appendix 10 - Response to Public Comments on the September 2009 Draft EIS . .649 Appendix 11 - Comment Letters from Federal, State, and Local Government Agencies on the 2009 Draft EIS . .765 449 Vegetation Treatments Using Herbicides on BLM Lands in Oregon Appendix 12 - 2,4-D . .783 Uses and Importance . 783 Acres and Trends . .785 Worker and Public Health . 785 Environmental Effects . .786 DEIS Public Comments . 786 Appendix 13 - EPA Pesticide Registration and Reregistration and BLM/FS Risk Assessment Processes . .799 Data Requirements for EPA Pesticide Registration . .800 EPA Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Documents . 803 BLM Ecological Risk Assessments . .804 BLM Human Health Risk Assessments (HHRA) . 805 Forest Service Human Health and Environmental Risk Assessment . .808 Uncertainty Analysis in Risk Assessments . .817 450 Final Environmental Impact Statement: Table of Contents Tables Table A2-1 . Buffer Distances to Minimize Risk to Vegetation from Off-Site Drift of BLM-Evaluated Herbicides . 466 Table A2-2 . Buffer Distances to Minimize Risk to Vegetation from Off-Site Drift of Forest Service-Evaluated Herbicides 466 Table A2-3 . Buffer Distances to Minimize Risk to Non-Special Status Fish and Aquatic Invertebrates from Off- Site Drift of BLM-Evaluated Herbicides from Broadcast and Aerial Treatments . 467 Table A2-4 . Buffer Distances to Minimize Risk to Special Status Fish and Aquatic Organisms from Off-Site Drift of BLM-Evaluated Herbicides from Broadcast and Aerial Treatments . 467 Table A5-1 . State Director’s Special Status Species List – Federally Threatened, Endangered, or Proposed, Oregon January 2008 . .540 Table A5-2 . State Director’s Special Status Species List – Bureau Sensitive, January 2008, Oregon BLM . .542 Table A7-1 . Oregon State Noxious Weed List: Abundance and Alternative Where Effective Control Becomes Available - June 2010 . This list includes most of the noxious weeds actively managed by the BLM in Oregon, but additional plants may be designated on Federal or County lists . .586 Table A7-2 . Common and Scientific Plant Names of Plants Potentially Requiring Management . .589 Table A7-3 . Annual Acres of Effective Noxious Weed Control by Alternative . .596 Table A7-4 . Weed Spread of 12% Reduced by 10 Times 18,860 Acres of Effective Annual Control (Difference Between Alts 2 and 3), Distributed Over 15 Decades at 10, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 10, 10, 10 and 10% ea Decade . .596 Table A7-5 . Weed Spread of 12% Increased by 10 Times the 14,670 Acres Less Effective Annual Control (Difference Between Alt 2 and the Reference Analysis, Shown as a Negative Number), Distributed over 15 Decades at 10, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 10, 10, 10 and 10% ea Decade . .597 Table A7-6 . Weed Spread of 12% Reduced by 10 Times 21,210 Acres of Effective Annual Control (Difference Between Alts 2 and 4), Distributed Over 15 Decades at 10, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 10, 10, 10 and 10% ea Decade . .597 Table A8-1 . Risk Assessments . .607 Table A8-2: Additional Risk Assessment Information . .607 Table A9-1 . Herbicide Formulations Approved for Use on BLM Lands Nationally as of November 2009 . .609 Table A9-3 . Adjuvants Approved for Use on BLM Lands Nationally as of November 2009 . .624 Figures Figure A6-1 . Resource Management Plan Areas . .583 451 Vegetation Treatments Using Herbicides on BLM Lands in Oregon 452 Final Environmental Impact Statement: Changes Appendices Changes Between Draft and Final EIS The following changes were made to the Appendices between the draft and final EIS. Minor corrections, explanations, and edits are not included in this list. Changes were made in: • Appendix 3 - Monitoring, to better describe existing monitoring under the Northwest Forest Plan, PACFISH/INFISH, and the National Invasive Species Monitoring Systems, and to add information about State monitoring efforts; • Appendix 5 – Endangered, Threatened, and other Special Status Species, to update it for expanded bull trout critical habitat, the listing of Pacific Eulachon, 12-month findings for petitions to list the greater sage grouse, and to add the Conservation Measures from the PEIS Consultation and Conferencing; • Appendix 8 – Risk Assessments, to add newer risk assessments for hexazinone and clopyralid; and, • Appendix 9 – Additional Information About the 18 Herbicides, to add individual information summary pages for each of the 18 herbicides, to add a list of BLM’s currently approved adjuvants, and to clarify how the Alternative where recommended herbicide available determinations on Table A9-2 were made. In addition, the following Appendices were added: • Appendix 10 – Response to Public Comments on the September 2009 Draft EIS; • Appendix 11 – Comment Letters from Federal, State, and local Government Agencies on the 2009 Draft EIS; • Appendix 12 – 2,4-D provides additional information about 2,4-D, and specifically documents additional considerations of 2,4-D as a management tool; and, • Appendix 13 – EPA Pesticide Registration and BLM/FS Risk Assessment Process describes the process and information considered during herbicide registration, and during the Agencies’ Risk Assessment process. This Appendix includes additional information about incomplete and unavailable information about inerts and adjuvants to supplement the discussions in Chapter 3 and in the Incomplete and Unavailable information section early in Chapter 4. 453 Vegetation Treatments Using Herbicides on BLM Lands in Oregon 454 Final Environmental Impact Statement: Appendix 1 Appendix 1 – The PEIS This appendix consists of the Final Vegetation Treatments Using Herbicides on Bureau of Land Management Lands in 17 Western States Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (PEIS) published in June 2007. The Oregon EIS is tiered to this 2007 analysis, and the PEIS is incorporated in its entirety into the Oregon EIS as Appendix 1. The PEIS is available at http://www.blm.gov/wo/st/en/prog/more/veg_eis.html. A CD or hard copy version
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