Adapting to Recycling Challenges

AMERICAN PUBLIC WORKS ASSOCIATION | March 2019 | www.apwa.net

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ORDER TODAY! Offer ends May 31, 2019. The APWA Reporter, the official magazine of the American Public Works Association, covers all facets of public works for APWA members March 2019 Vol. 86, No. 3 including industry news, legislative actions, / management issues and emerging technologies. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ISSUE INSIDE APWA 2 President’s Message 4 Technical Committee News 6 Strap on your showshoes and join the Show for Snow in Salt Lake City 10 Proud to be part of the APWA Accreditation family 14 The New Hampshire Public Works Memorial 11 20 National Public Works Week Celebration: West Des Moines, Iowa COLUMNS 22 Washington Insight 25 GAC Insight 28 Spotlight on Canada 36 Media Insight 38 Open Your Winter Toolbox 40 PW Tech Management: Leadership in New Technology 26 42 International Idea Exchange FEATURES 46 Suburban contracted collection and the associated challenges 50 In pursuit of organics diversion 54 Increase your waste diversion rate through reuse 57 Strategic planning for sustainable and stakeholder-supported waste systems 60 Adapting to recycling challenges 62 California is facing stringent new regulations for green waste and food waste diversion 65 65 Plastic rising to the top of local government concerns MARKETPLACE 72 Advertorial 76 Products in the News 78 Professional Directory CALENDARS 70 Education Calendar 80 World of Public Works Calendar 77 80 Index of Advertisers www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 1 Many solutions to solid waste challenges

David L. Lawry, P.E. APWA President

Official Magazine of the American Public Works Association PUBLISHER American Public Works Association One Kansas City Place 1200 Main Street, Suite 1400 Kansas City, MO 64105 (800) 848-APWA (Member Services Hotline) (816) 472-6100 (Kansas City metro area) FAX (816) 472-1610 e-mail: [email protected] Website: www.apwa.net he public works field is con- The way many EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR stantly changing and adapting Scott D. Grayson to challenges, and this past agencies have been EDITOR GRAPHIC DESIGNER R. Kevin Clark Julie Smith year has been no exception. A T current challenge for many is ADVERTISING SALES: FOX ASSOCIATES handling recyclable Chicago (312) 644-3888 adapting to China’s waste import ban New York (212) 725-2106 and contamination standard. The way Los Angeles (805) 522-0501 materials is no Detroit (248) 626-0511 many agencies have been handling Phoenix (480) 538-5021 recyclable materials is no longer sus- longer sustainable, APWA WASHINGTON OFFICE tainable, and everyone is reevaluating 1275 K Street NW, Suite 750 Washington, D.C. 20005-4083 their processes to find viable solutions. and everyone is (202) 408-9541 FAX (202) 408-9542 Agencies and their contractors are now Disclaimer: The American Public Works Association reevaluating their assumes no responsibility for statements and/or striving to improve the quality of recy- opinions advanced by either editorial or advertising cling materials and working with fewer contributors to this issue. APWA reserves the right to processes to find refuse to publish and to edit manuscripts to conform to end markets. Educating communities the APWA Reporter standards. to reduce contamination; eliminat- Publisher’s Notice: The APWA Reporter, March ing materials, such as glass, previously viable solutions. 2019, Vol. 86, No. 3 (ISSN 0092-4873; Publications Agreement No. 41450540). The APWA Reporter is accepted in recycling programs; and published monthly by the American Public Works switching to a dual-stream collection reduce operating costs; robotic sort- Association, One Kansas City Place, 1200 Main Street, ing and more accurate optical sorting Suite 1400, Kansas City, MO 64105. Subscription system are a few measures currently rate is $233 for nonmembers and $25 for chapter- being used. As adjustments to recy- technologies are being implemented sponsored students. Periodicals postage paid at Kansas cling worldwide continue, the way in to reduce contamination of recycled City, MO and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to the APWA Reporter, One which recycling programs operate will materials; thermal conversion, digest- Kansas City Place, 1200 Main Street, Suite 1400, need to adjust. ers and biogas use continue to develop; Kansas City, MO 64105. Canada returns to: P.O. Box 2600, Mississauga, ON L4T 0A8. and interest in hybrid, electric and Technology within the solid waste autonomous vehicles is progressing. Reprints and Permissions: Information is available at industry is expanding. Improved www.apwa.net/Publications/Reporter/guidelines.asp. systems for collection, recycling, and Some integrated advancements are © 2019 by American Public Works Association disposal are being implemented at an being made with communities mov- Address Change? To alert us of a change to your membership record, accelerated rate and innovations con- ing toward smart city technology; contact an APWA Membership Specialist at (800) 848- tinue to develop. Big data, advanced circular economy principles which APWA or [email protected]. software, and telematics are used to encourage reuse, repair and recycle; The APWA Reporter is printed by Royle Printing, Sun improve operational efficiency and and organics diversion. Implementa- Prairie, Wisconsin.

2 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net tions such as greater Advancements are efficiencies in naviga- tion and route plan- being made with ning, telematics to identify risky driving communities moving behaviors, and robotic or drone use. Many toward smart city communities have started innovative pro- technology, circular grams to recruit, train and retain staff such economy principles as apprenticeships, internships, mentor- Adapting to change is not new for and organics ing and the use of bonuses. public works agencies and finding the best answers for your community’s The challenges that face the solid diversion. solid waste issues may take some time. waste industry can be daunting, but This edition of the APWA Reporter they can also lead to new opportuni- tion of these innovations by public features a number of solid waste agen- ties. The recycling crunch has brought works agencies will have a significant cies that have worked through chal- investment in domestic recycling impact on residents, businesses and lenges and showcases the solutions mills and markets, and has encour- the environment. they developed. Looking back on our aged collaboration among the many history, the solid waste industry is bet- Additional challenges that impact both stakeholders, including residents, as ter for the challenges it has faced and solid waste and other public works they become aware of what happens the subsequent advancements that operations are safety and a growing to their waste and work to become have emerged. labor shortage. Some of the technology part of the solution. mentioned above contributes to solu-

AMERICAN PUBLIC WORKS ASSOCIATION Mission Statement: The American Public Works Association supports those who operate, improve and maintain public works and infrastructure through or opreee P Wor Reore advocacy, education & member engagement.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS ADVISORY COUNCIL

PRESIDENT DIRECTOR, REGION IV DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE, (Past APWA Presidents) James J. McDonough Brian R. Usher David L. Lawry, P.E. Douglas E. Layton, P.E., PWLF ENVIRONMENTAL Robert Albee Robert Miller William A. Verkest Director of Municipal Services Retired MANAGEMENT Ronald J. Calkins Bo Mills Win Westfall Chastain & Associates LLC DIRECTOR, REGION V Lisa Ann Rapp, PWLF Nick W. Diakiw Judith M. Mueller Carl D. Wills Schaumburg, IL Richard T. (Rich) Berning, P.E., MPA Director of Public Works Jerry M. Fay Ronald L. Norris Executive Director PRESIDENT-ELECT Retired City of Lakewood, CA Bob Freudenthal Richard L. Ridings Scott D. Grayson William E. (Bill) Spearman, III, P.E. Springfield, IL Larry W. Frevert John J. Roark Executive Director Principal DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE, FLEET & Edward A. Gottko Larry Stevens DIRECTOR, REGION VI Emeritus WE3 Consultants LLC FACILITIES MANAGEMENT Ken Haag Harold E. Smith Chuck Williams, PWLF Robert D. Bugher Saluda, SC Retired Mary Joyce Ivers, CPFP, PWLF Dwayne Kalynchuk June Rosentreter Spence Lenexa, KS Fleet and Facilities Manager Larry T. Koehle Noel C. Thompson PAST PRESIDENT City of Ventura, CA Diane Linderman Elizabeth Treadway Bo Mills, PWLF DIRECTOR, REGION VII Martin J. Manning Tom Trice Director of Public Works David Fabiano, P.E., PWLF DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE, City of Germantown, TN Town Engineer LEADERSHIP AND Town of Gilbert, AZ DIRECTOR, REGION I MANAGEMENT FPO Gary Losier, P.Eng. DIRECTOR, REGION VIII Stan Brown, P.E., PWLF Director of Engineering and Works Shahnawaz Ahmad, P.E., PWLF City Manager President Town of Quispamsis, NB City of Oakwood, GA SA Associates FPO FPO DIRECTOR, REGION II Arcadia, CA DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE, Charlie Jones, P.E., PWLF TRANSPORTATION Project Manager, Great Valley DIRECTOR, REGION IX Kathleen B. Davis Follow us on Instagram Consultants Dan Hartman, PWLF Wyomissing, PA Director of Public Works Director of Local Programs @apwagram City of Golden, CO Washington State Department of DIRECTOR, REGION III DIRECTOR-AT-LARGE, Transportation Keith Pugh, P.E., PWLF Olympia, WA Engineering Services Director ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Follow us on Twitter City of High Point, NC Jim Neal, P.E., PWLF Public Works Director @apwatweets Charleston County, SC

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 3 TECHNICAL COMMITTEE NEWS Solid Waste Management Committee: Center of expertise on solid waste issues for APWA members

Karen Luken, CEO, Economic Environmental Solutions, Cincinnati, Ohio, and member, APWA Solid Waste Management Committee

he mission of the Solid Waste Management Com- Toolbox and provide their perspective on what is most mittee is to serve as a center of expertise on solid relevant to public works directors and the most effi- waste issues for APWA members. The committee cient way to present this information. The Solid Waste T develops and promotes environmentally-sound, Management Committee plans to have drafted the first cost-effective and operationally-efficient solid Toolbox sections by PWX in Seattle. waste management policies and programs for APWA members by reviewing the latest technologies, practices, In March 2018, the Solid Waste Management Commit- regulations and legislation in the field and providing tee sponsored a Click, Listen & Learn that focused on the opportunities to exchange information. challenge of cleaning up after a disaster. Titled “Resil- iency in Solid Waste,” the webinar provided information The management of solid waste is handled in a wide on the waste industry’s response to hurricanes. range of methods by public agencies around the country. How waste is managed is influenced by the state regula- Beyond the Toolbox and Click, Listen & Learn, the Solid tory framework, size of the agency, region and customer Waste Management Committee organized two sessions base, land availability, environmental conditions, for PWX in Kansas City to establish a dialogue on per- private sector involvement, funding levels and citizen tinent solid waste issues. The first session was a light- expectations. In addition, the type of services, fleet, ning round titled “Solid Waste Managers: Topics Every facilities and billing systems varies significantly from Manager Should Know Something about Discussion.” community to community. This was extremely interactive where each speaker was only provided with six minutes per topic and partici- The Solid Waste Management Committee recognizes that pants were highly encouraged to participate. This format all public works directors have numerous responsibilities allowed ample time for questions and group discussion beyond solid waste, and sometimes may have a limited for novice to advanced managers. background in waste management. Therefore, the committee began developing a Solid Waste Toolbox in 2018 to This session allowed attendees to learn about top- provide guidance and resources to assist directors with ics ranging from recycling and composting to the P3s effectively managing their solid waste program. The Tool- (Public-Private Partnerships). Discussions focused on box will contain resources such as checklists, flow charts, waste diversion strategies, technology used in the field, white papers, and prerecorded videos that address the workplace safety, and curbside collection methodologies. following topics: Over 30 people participated in this session and 100% of those who evaluated it said they would recommend the • Environmental compliance session to their peers. • Plans/policies/standard operating procedures • Rates/financial assurance The second session was also interactive and featured key • Flow control takeaways from industry experts that manage debris • Source separation/recycling following a variety of natural disasters including hurri- • Safety canes, tornadoes, wildfires, and flooding. The first hour • Equipment focused on how local governments plan for and coordi- • Facilities nate solid waste activities during disasters. The second • Residual disposal hour provided an overview on emergency debris man- • Material supply agement, and case studies on optimal recovery and FEMA • Market development reimbursement. Attendees engaged in discussion of best • Procurement practices and lessons learned.

A Knowledge Team, consisting of both public and private As the Solid Waste Management Committee enters 2019, sector professionals, will help develop the Solid Waste we recognize that volatile, international recycling mar-

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www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 5 Salt Lake City has everything we could ask for in a Snow Conference host city: accessibility, diversity, hospitality, and a vibrant, walkable downtown with hundreds of restaurants, shops, pubs and attractions offering plenty of opportunities for a great experience for everyone.

Strap on your snowshoes and join the Show for Snow in Salt Lake City

PWA and our Utah Chapter are who called the valley and encompass- busy planning the next North ing mountain ranges the “low place American Snow Conference in in high mountains.” Salt Lake City’s A Salt Lake City, home to “The history is as rich as its vistas, surround- Greatest Snow on Earth,” May 19-22, ing mountains, and beautiful lake- 2019. More than 2,200 snowfighters, enhanced sunsets. Over the years, Salt exhibitors and other public works pro- Lake City has grown in population, fessionals are expected to attend this cultural diversity, and accolades. Salt year’s Show for Snow! Lake City was home to the 2002 Winter Olympics (and seeking to host again Nestled in the foothills of the Rocky in 2030!). The nearby mountains are Mountains, with the Wasatch and known to have incomparable light and Oquirrh ranges bordering the city, skiable powder snow, formed as large and overlooking the largest inland storms pick up more moisture rolling lake in the Western U.S., Salt Lake over the Great Salt Lake before slam- City is home to a pioneering past and ming into the Wasatch Mountains. an exciting future. Prior to the Mor- mons settling the Salt Lake Valley in The 2018-2019 winter has already been 1847, it was home to the Ute Indians a tough one, with record-breaking cold

6 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net As always, the education sessions at the Snow Conference will cover the breadth of issues and solutions available to today’s snowfighting professionals. and snow and ice impacting much of ucts. And for the very first time ever, ton Salt Palace Convention Center, the U.S. and Canada, and public works the Snow Conference and National Pub- location of Snow Conference registra- snowfighters are putting in the long lic Works Week (NPWW) will be taking tion, education sessions and exhibits. hours and hard work necessary to keep place at the same time! The local APWA their communities safe. Once this Utah Chapter has big plans to help all With its world-class international air- winter ends and the plows have been of the Snow Conference attendees cel- port, Salt Lake City is a major hub and put away for the season, May is the ebrate NPWW on Sunday, May 19, and easy to travel to from all parts of North perfect time and the North American there will be plenty of activities to help America, and the airport is located Snow Conference is the perfect place you get your NPWW fix in the conven- only ten minutes from downtown and to unwind while also taking in four tion center throughout the conference. all the Snow Conference hotels. Once days of important education and Attendees are encouraged to visit the you arrive, local transportation is also networking opportunities. Whether APWA website for more information as easy, convenient and inexpensive, your duties involve winter street it is made available. Don’t wait another including the TRAX light-rail lines. maintenance, transportation, asset minute; make plans today to join us in Snow Conference attendees will experi- management, emergency response Salt Lake City. ence a wonderful variety of dining and or public safety, you will be sure to nightlife options in downtown and find common ground with peers and Salt Lake City has everything we could close to hotels. Over the past decade, have a chance to exchange ideas and ask for in a Snow Conference host Salt Lake City has become a legitimate experiences with other snowfighters, city: accessibility, diversity, hospital- destination for food-lovers. You can manufacturers, distributors, consul- ity, and a vibrant, walkable downtown taste flavors from all over the world, tants and public works professionals. with hundreds of restaurants, shops, pubs and attractions offering plenty of savor local ingredients, or find your The 2019 Snow Conference has it all— opportunities for a great experience for favorite staple dishes. And as the city from expert-led snow and ice educa- everyone. Most everything you’ll want lights come up each evening, Salt Lake tion sessions to an exhibit floor packed to see and do is within walking dis- City’s many brew pubs, high-end cock- with excited vendors who can’t wait to tance of the official Snow Conference tail bars, clubs and night spots keep show off the latest snow and ice prod- hotels, including the Calvin L. Ramp- things lively. You can find live enter-

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 7 The General Session Talk Show will be returning to the 2019 Snow Conference, bringing with it an interactive forum where audience members will hear from leading technical experts and their own peers as they discuss the important topics driving winter maintenance decisions.

tainment or just relax with a game is back! This year’s Trek will be by foot, designed to give attendees a great way of pool or watch the game in a local as all the brew pubs along the route are to take in a lot of information in a short sports bar. within walking distance of hotels. time period. We’re also proud to bring the Traffic Incident Management (TIM) Salt Lake City is known for its many Along with a great city and fun social for Responders Course and the APWA microbreweries and distilleries. In events, the 2019 Snow Conference prom- Self-Assessment Workshop back to the fact, Salt Lake City has a heady history ises to showcase industry-leading educa- Snow Conference. in the hop arts. In the early 1900s, tion sessions and exhibits, providing Salt Lake City was one of the top beer education and solutions for public works Back by popular demand, the General producers in the West, and the tradi- snowfighters and those that support Session Talk Show will be returning to tion has continued. One of the city’s them. With more than 50 education the 2019 Snow Conference, bringing original and favorite brew pubs, Squat- sessions and technical tours, along with with it an interactive, dynamic forum ters Pub & Brewery, will be the venue an exhibit floor packed with vendors and where audience members will hear from for this year’s Tuesday evening Snow equipment, the Show for Snow provides leading technical experts and their own Celebration event. Built in a storied a variety of opportunities for learning, peers as they discuss the important hotel that sits in the heart of down- collaboration and networking. topics driving winter maintenance town, the building is on the historic decisions. APWA is also very proud to Each year, a dedicated committee of registry and the pub has been a local welcome world-renowned astronaut, APWA members and winter mainte- favorite for 30 years. Since their first retired U.S. Air Force Colonel, author, beer was poured in 1989, Squatters nance professionals works to develop the conference education program. As and filmmaker Terry Virts as our Clos- has remained firmly dedicated to their ing General Session keynote speaker. original goal of providing customers a result of these efforts, we’re honored to have the best and brightest minds Attendees will go home inspired by world-class handcrafted beer and good Terry’s message on the importance of food in a warm, friendly environment. in municipal snow operations attend the conference and present education strategy and vision, innovation, and On the final evening of the APWA intercultural leadership. Snow Conference, Tuesday, May 21, sessions. Attendees will experience numerous programs featuring winter Squatters will be open exclusively to Also back again this year is the ever- maintenance, weather, emergency man- Snow Conference guests. Everyone is popular Winter Maintenance Supervisor agement, fleet, sustainability, and more. encouraged to come network with your Certificate Workshop. Designed for indi- fellow snowfighters while enjoying The education program will again be viduals charged with supervising winter great food and drinks. And the APWA presenting a portion of the education maintenance operations, this one-day Utah Chapter is planning another fun sessions as part of our FAST TRACK. workshop provides a well-rounded over- event on Monday evening, May 20. These are fast-paced 20-minute sessions view of all aspects of snow and ice con- That’s right… the popular Snow Trek

8 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net There’s always plenty of time for attendees to explore the exhibit floor and talk with exhibitors representing more than 150 companies with products and services focused on innovative new equipment, ground-breaking technologies, snow and ice removal, winter road maintenance, and streets and fleet operations. trol. Held on the first day, it provides a Conference registration is open. More able online at www.apwa.net/snow. great foundation for deeper investigation information about the 2019 North Make plans now to attend the Show into specific topics of interest through- American Snow Conference is avail- for Snow! out the rest of the conference.

There will also be plenty of time to explore the exhibit floor and talk with exhibitors representing more than 170 companies with products and services COMMITTEE focused on innovative new equipment, ground-breaking technologies, snow NOMINATIONS and ice removal, winter road mainte- NOW OPEN nance, and streets and fleet operations. Select exhibitors will present unique Take this opportunity to technical sessions in the Exhibitor Solutions Theater straight from the make your voice heard as exhibit floor, demonstrating how their a member of APWA! company’s technology, tool or service provides a solution that addresses the Deadline approaching! needs of the snowfighting community. March 22, 2019 Also featured on the exhibit floor is the New Product Showcase and the New Product Theater where you can learn more about the new products added to the marketplace in the past year.

Wednesday morning, May 22, is dedicated to technical tours. APWA’s Utah Chapter is planning some great tours, including Salt Lake County’s Public Works Operations facility and a tour of Morton Salt’s local facility. Check the Snow Conference website for updates on the technical tour program.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 9 A University Park Infrastructure Maintenance crew replaces a segment of street pavement. The Infrastructure Maintenance Division maintains the city’s streets, alleys, water, sanitary sewer and storm sewer systems.

Proud to be part of the APWA Accreditation family

Jodie Ledat, CPWP-M, Operations Coordinator, City of University Park, Texas

n July 2018, the City of University Park, Texas, received We set an ambitious schedule for completion of our self- Agency Accreditation from the American Public Works assessment and accreditation effort and completed accredi- Association (APWA). University Park was the 143rd tation in just under one year. With over 405 applicable prac- I agency in North America to be accredited and the 10th tices, we had to carefully manage the accreditation effort to in the state of Texas. In addition to meeting full compliance ensure we could continue to meet our daily duties. We set a in all practices, we had one model practice, 2.31: HR Man- schedule for completion of practices by chapter and we met agement/Employee Recognition. weekly for an hour to review the compliance data and documentation for each practice. These weekly meetings gave The Public Works Department considered pursuing APWA us a forum to ask questions and compare documentation Accreditation for a number of years, but never took more as well as created momentum among the team. With every than initial steps of reviewing the process and requirements. practice completed, we were encouraged to move to the next After sitting in on an accreditation roundtable at PWX 2017, practice and then to the next chapter. In this manner, we we determined the time had come to once again consider were ready for our site visit in July 2018. the program. Like many public works agencies, our department was facing the upcoming retirement of many long-ten- Through the effort, we not only met the goal of document- ured employees and the loss of a vast amount of institutional ing industry and city-specific knowledge held by our staff, knowledge. We saw the accreditation process as an opportu- we found a number of additional unanticipated benefits: nity to capture this knowledge as well as improve upon our processes, policies and procedures. There is value in the journey—not just the destination. Accreditation is wonderful recognition, but the process to

10 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net A University Park Sanitation crew collects recyclables. More than 25% of waste collected in the city is recycled or composted.

become accredited is where our organization experienced the greatest benefit. We are a higher functioning It is a fantastic team-building opportunity. Various divi- department than we were before sions and disciplines within the Department were able to collaborate and support one another around a common we began the self-assessment cause. This spirit carried over to other day-to-day interac- tions. process; moreover, we will be an It served to validate what we do well, while also high- lighting what we can do better. Our city’s motto is “Com- even better department several mitted to Excellence.” The accreditation process perfectly embodies that philosophy. The APWA Self-Assessment and years from now because of the Accreditation process helped us to focus on the way we can and should operate rather than defending and justifying the APWA Accreditation program. way we have operated.

The program allows for an individualized, operational approach that is best suited to our specific organization. Accreditation facilitates continual improvement. Within The practices outlined in the Self-Assessment Manual iden- a couple weeks of becoming an accredited agency, our focus tify what a high-performing department should be doing. turned to what we need to be doing and how we need to be It does not dictate how the department should be doing it. doing it in order to prepare for reaccreditation in four years. This allows each department to operate in a manner that Accreditation does not represent a collection of policies and best addresses their community’s needs and objectives. procedures that are developed and then placed on a shelf to For example, it is important for us, as a city in north Texas, collect dust. It represents a commitment to operate at the to have analyzed, developed, and documented a plan to highest levels on a daily, monthly, and annual basis. As part address the treatment of roads during snow and ice events. of that commitment, we are constantly assessing our opera- That is just good business for any public works department. tions and looking for opportunities for improvement. We However, our plan likely looks much different than that of are a higher functioning department than we were before we an accredited agency in Minnesota. The common thread began the self-assessment process; moreover, we will be an among accredited agencies is the questions we ask, not the even better department several years from now because of answers we develop. the APWA Accreditation program.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 11 Accredited agencies represent an amazing network and resource for the exchange of ideas. We cannot adequately thank the multitude of agencies that have assisted us along this journey. Whether it was answering a question, providing us with a sample policy, performing a peer review of our material, or simply providing words of encouragement, the support we received was amazing. Public works professionals whom we had never met gave freely of their time and expertise to help us along the way. Since earning our accreditation designation, I have continued to be impressed and encour- A University Park Traffic Signal Tech aged by the exchange of ideas 2 makes repairs to a traffic signal. among the accredited agencies. The Traffic Department maintains 33 signalized intersections and just The shared experiences of the under 8,000 signs. self-assessment and accreditation processes creates a bond among the agencies. That bond is fostered by the amazing staff at APWA. Despite the scope and magnitude of the accreditation process, we always knew we had an ally and resource in Tracy Quintana and the rest of the folks in Kansas City. We thank you!

We are proud to be a part of the APWA Accreditation family and encourage any interested public works agency to consider the process. We’re all here to help.

Jodie Ledat can be reached at (214) 987-5447 or jledat@upt- exas.org.

Nominations for National APWA Committee Appointment APWA is now soliciting nominations for appointments to national level committees/task forces/external relationships for the August 2019-2020 year. Step forward and offer your expertise to your profession. As of January 15, information on appointments is available on the APWA website. Nominations, including a brief biographical statement, must be completed online between January 15, 2019 and close of business March 22, 2019. For more information contact Teresa Hon at [email protected] or (816) 595-5224.

12 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net Now Available!

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The New Hampshire Public Works Memorial

Kürt D. Blomquist, P.E., Public Works/Emergency Management Director, City of Keene, New Hampshire, and member, APWA Projects of the Year Awards Committee

he work that public works professionals do is integral to the health, safety, well-being and T economic vitality of the communities that we serve. Public works professionals are first responders, going out into severe weather and other situations when we ask others to stay at home. This work typically goes unnoticed. The work of maintaining and constructing public infrastructure, and responding to natural and man- made emergencies, is challenging and dangerous. This call to duty has resulted in public works professionals being injured and, in some cases, making the ultimate sacrifice. To date, thirty-four Site selected in front of NHDOT HQ public works employees in the State of New Hampshire have lost their lives while performing their duties. Discussions were going on within the in December 2005, a 20-year-old New Within the State of New Hampshire New Hampshire public works commu- London public works employee, Ryan there are several communities that nity as to what would be the best way Haynes, was struck and killed while fill- have small memorial plaques recogniz- to honor public works employees who ing potholes on Old Main Street. This ing employees who have lost their lives. had given the ultimate sacrifice when, tragedy brought together public works

14 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net This call to duty has resulted in public works professionals being injured and, in some cases, making the ultimate sacrifice. professionals and others to commit to creating a memorial to publicly honor the sacrifices of public works employees within the State of New Hampshire. Concept drawing of the Memorial This group began meeting and working with the State of New Hampshire Legislature to create a bill that would establish the framework for the design, ted in December of that year. After Construction is construction and maintenance of a the receipt of a number of concepts memorial. On June 15, 2009, New in early 2011 students were invited to anticipated to be Hampshire Governor John Lynch present their concepts to the commit- signed into law House Bill 608 creating tee. After deliberation the winning complete early this the Public Works Memorial and creat- design was selected. ing a permanent committee to oversee The winning design had been complet- year with a cermonial its implementation. ed by Kelsie Lee Clarke, then a graphic opening planned for In August 2009 the New Hampshire design major at Colby Sawyer College Public Works Memorial Committee in New London, New Hampshire. middle to late 2019. was established and went to work. Kelsie had a very personal connection One of the first actions the commit- to the design and the memorial. The tee took was the selection of a site and young public works employee who Workers’ Memorial. There will be four the beginning of a capital campaign. had been killed in 2005 was a personal grey granite benches that will allow In discussions with the New Hamp- friend and worked for her father who visitors to sit and reflect on the lives shire Department of Transportation was the Public Works Director in New which the memorial is meant to honor. (NHDOT) Commissioner at that time, London. Kelsie’s design uses various There will be 24 shovels that will be cut the committee determined that a site materials throughout the memorial out of weathered materials, diamond in front of the NHDOT Headquarters to show the diversity of the public plate and steel. These weathered in Concord, New Hampshire, would be workers in New Hampshire. She also materials create rust color to contrast an appropriate location. Concord is the uses granite throughout the memorial with the black granite and show the state capital of New Hampshire. because it is a dependable, long-lasting resilience of the men and women in material representing the men and the public works force. The 24 shovels The committee’s next step was to women who make up the public works represent the hours in a day when develop a process for the design of the force in New Hampshire, the “Gran- the public works professionals can memorial. The committee decided to ite State.” There are four boulder-like be found at work or on call. The four hold a design competition for high signs made of black granite that will be seasons that public works professionals school seniors and college students. etched with the names of the deceased. work in are reflected in the fours within In September 2010, the committee The black granite will mimic in the the memorial: the four granite signs announced the competition with double-sided sign that will signify that will be etched with the names design concepts required to be submit- the site as the New Hampshire Public

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 15 of the deceased, the four benches and twenty-four shovels. Native New Hamp- shire plants will be found throughout the memorial.

Fundraising has been ongoing and will continue until the goal of raising approximately $80,000 for the construction and perpetual maintenance of the memorial is met. Just over $40,000 has been raised to date. The construction will be accomplished through in-kind donations from the private sector and assistance from towns and cities within the state. In the spring of 2018 the Pub- lic Works Memorial Committee that has been overseeing the design and fundraising initiated construction.

Volunteers, private contractors, state and municipal employees have been performing site preparation work. Site Site preparation work continued through the fall with construction completion anticipated in early 2019. The ceremonial opening of the memorial is planned for middle to late 2019. To learn more about the memorial visit the New Hampshire Public Works Memorial website, https:// www.nh.gov/dot/org/operations/ highwaymaintenance/memorial.htm. The website also contains a link to the memorial’s Go-Fund-Me page where donations can be made.

Kürt Blomquist can be reached at (603) 352- 6550 or [email protected].

To learn more about the memorial or to donate to the cause visit the New Hampshire Public

Works Memorial Curbing and initial walkway construction website.

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est Des Moines, Iowa, has How to do that? Draw in the children (the original “downtown” of West Des an annual popular tradi- (of all ages!) for fun activities. Local Moines) during the weekly Farmer’s tion of celebrating National schools are provided with a flier to Market event. Our block is full of fam- W Public Works Week. include in their students’ virtual back- ily friendly activities, and everything packs prior to the event. is FREE! The goal? Interact with the public and make it fun to learn about the services Public Works staff and equipment take The street is lined with equipment to of Public Works. over a block of Historic Valley Junction be explored and manned by Public

20 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net Works operators who are happy to A table is set up with hand-outs, lots of and send in our request for reserving answer questions as they help children information for residents, and APWA Paws for the following year. up into the driver’s seats. literature on careers in public works. The most popular piece of literature We may change up some things each To draw folks into our block, fun taken is regarding the annual Spring year such as what equipment we bring, activities abound such as air-brush Cleanup event. new games to play, that type of thing. tattoos and a balloon artist. Our But one of the advantages of having a operators have taken advantage of rare We partner with others! Iowa DNR similar event every year is that it really “slow time” to construct stand-ups for brings their mobile educational unit does come together like clockwork. Our photo opportunities and games such with hands-on interactive fun for Public Works group is accustomed to as a bean-bag toss into a traffic light children. Our partners in solid waste working as a team, so that’s no surprise! and miniature golf. No skills needed, bring staff and trucks. It’s amaz- Come to the City of West Des Moines but prizes are awarded! ing how children LOVE to see their garbage truck drivers up close and on May 23, 2019, for a great time of Staff fills balloons with helium, and personal! And it’s another opportu- celebrating public works! they’re handed out just as quickly nity for residents to learn. as more can be made. A commercial Peggy Englehart can be reached at (515) popcorn popper is rented, and boxes of Of course, the event would not be com- 222-3545 or Peggy.Englehart@wdm. popcorn are made up that morning to plete without P.W. Paws, the APWA iowa.gov. be handed out. mascot. After our event we hurry up

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 21 WASHINGTON INSIGHT

International County and City Managers Association conference attendees in route to visit Ellicott City, MD to view flooding damage and how the community is working to make repairs. Preparing for spring: What are your challenges?

s we head into another spring, of what public works professionals public works profession- need to be successful. Information, als around the country are when shared with elected officials at beginning or continuing to the federal level, can provide public A transition their areas of focus. works professionals with an enhanced The myriad of challenges and issues voice—with that extra oomph. Marty Williams, Government Affairs that need to be addressed during this seasonal transition are not always Think of the impact you could have Manager, American Public Works on federal officials when you share Association, Washington, D.C. recognized or appreciated at the federal level. This is not to say that there is a with them the hours of training that lack of concern or empathy from the are required to adequately prepare Executive or Legislative branches of the your staff to handle a specific seasonal federal government; it is simply that task. For example, the training needed your responsibilities at the state and to properly store items, equipment local levels of government need to be or waste in a safe and efficient man- explained. Quite often, those that are ner. By sharing and articulating not involved directly at the state and your first-hand experience—and the local levels of government or work in knowledge that comes from handling the private sector, require the painting the demands of training personnel, of a picture or step-by-step breakdowns updating and testing equipment to

22 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net provide your customers Ellicott City, MD approximately one year following major with the services they flooding; public works professionals on hand to rebuild. deserve—you educate those in Washington, D.C. and amplify your voice.

In Government Affairs we often discuss the need to provide concrete or visual examples to the U.S. Senate and House members as well as representatives from federal agencies, when we make the case that public works professionals are tasked with a wide array of responsibilities. Offer- ing examples of your day-to-day or week-to- week metamorphosis of responsibilities that change from winter to spring helps paint a clear and accurate picture for elected officials and policymakers. This includes, but is not limited to, the transition of shoveling snow, storm sewer maintenance and improvement, as well as new construction. Such detail allows government officials to better grasp exactly what tools you need to address your challenges.

Keep in mind that the examples and experiences that you share do not need to be either large in scope or length. The key is to emphasize how such changes impact your ability to carry out your overall responsibilities. It is equally important to remember that sharing your vantage point will pay dividends down the road. With concrete information and examples, those at the federal level will be more than willing to share your experiences when advocating on behalf of public works— be it for funding, training opportunities, or other tools that may assist you.

Let’s not forget that in many cases the public works department may be the agency charged with leading public awareness campaigns alerting custom-

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 23 ers to service changes or shifting of areas of focus. With this very important responsibility, the ability to articulate a coherent, complete message is para- mount. The more you as a public works professional can count on a knowl- edgeable customer base, the better and smoother the seasonal transition.

A collective effort is needed on the part of APWA members and public works professionals throughout all levels of government to share the challenges of switching from season to season. Having this information readily available allows your APWA International County and City Managers Association conference session focusing on the year-round demands Government Affairs team to further of public works/emergency management professionals. impress upon the federal government the role you play in providing top-shelf Government Affairs team takes great more, this provides your Government customer service to everyone in your pride in sharing your experiences with Affairs team with quick access to your community who depends on public your federal representatives and elected expertise as we take your message to works year-round. Last but certainly officials. In many cases this portal can federal officials. I hope that you will not least, consider using the APWA make the difference in leaving a long- not hesitate to reach out to me directly “Tell Your Story” portal available at term impression versus just providing via e-mail at [email protected] or the APWA website which provides you information, although important, that by phone at (202) 218-6732. with a fantastic, ready-to-go tool. The is shared during a meeting. Further-

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24 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net GAC INSIGHT

Can our current emergency management system prevail in the face of increasing risk?

Brian R. Usher, PWLF, Director of Public Works (retired), City of Largo, Florida, and member, APWA Government Affairs Committee

s this is being written, California is still trying to recover from the worst wildland fire in the state’s It appears that the frequency and history, the southeastern U.S. is coping with the impacts of Hurricanes Francis and Michael, and the the intensity of weather events is A U.S. Pacific Territories are struggling after Typhoon Yutu ravaged the islands of Tinian, Saipan, and Rota. As increasing, placing a strain on local local, state and territorial authorities struggle to respond and recover from this onslaught, is it time to evaluate if the cur- government's abiilities to fulfill its rent emergency management system can sustain itself? Stafford Act responsibilities. Over the past two years we have seen not only what appears to be an increasing intensity and severity in the natural decisions. These provisions were critical in the document’s disasters impacting the country and its territories, but what passage as there was great concern from local officials that appears to be a clustering effect of these, with numerous an emergency or disaster might be used to insert federal events happening in simultaneous or near-term time frames. control over a local authority. The extent of eligible events In 2017 we saw the triple impact of Harvey, Irma and Maria also was measured at a higher threshold than what is applied stretch the capabilities of our response and recovery teams, today. Presidential Declarations were issued with much less 2018 saw Hurricanes Francis and Michael impact in a short frequency. In the five years between 1988 and 1992 there 1 time span, and in 2017 and 2018 the wildland fire commu- were an average of 37 declarations per year. For the five nity has been stretched to exhaustion by the non-stop fire years between 2014 and 2018 there were 106 declarations season with catastrophic losses. per year, a three-fold increase.

Since it was developed in November 1988 (Force, Sept. 2006) It appears that not only the frequency of these declarations in response to the Three Mile Island incident, the Staf- is increasing, the intensity of those related to weather events ford Act has driven how the federal government responds also appears to be increasing at the same time. This double and supports the state and local agencies impacted. The impact appears to be stressing local government’s abilities to Act’s philosophy is structured that “All Disasters are Local” fulfill its Stafford Act responsibilities. Suburban and urban and has driven the Federal Response Framework, National governments struggle to manage recovery phases, while the Incident Management System, and Disaster Declaration impacts on more remote and isolated areas are downright frightening. Let’s look as some examples in recent history.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 25 Military vehicle transport as part of Typhoon Yutu relief, FEMA Photo Library by Grace Simoneau, November 7, 2018

In early August 2015, Typhoon Soudelor struck the island the island, as well as the distribution of food and water. One of Saipan, a U.S. Trust Territory in the Marianna’s Island year after the storm hit, the Puerto Rican government esti- chain. Dubbed a Super Typhoon due to its strength, it left mates “that about 60,000 occupied homes remain roofless. the island reeling with significant damage across the island, Covered by the temporary FEMA tarps that have become a including loss of phone and power systems. The roof of symbol of Maria’s devastation and what many on and off a power station was ripped off, damaging the generating the island perceive as a woefully inadequate response…” equipment inside. Besides significant damage to the residen- (Vigluco, 2018). tial housing units and commercial buildings, it took more than six months to restore power to the entire island. The In October 2018, Typhoon Yutu struck Saipan and the Mari- Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the anna Island Chain, again leaving major destruction in its U.S. Army Corps did have personnel prepositioned prior wake, and challenging recovery efforts. The island’s airport to landfall to provide quick assessment of the situation. It was closed for more than 20 days, public schools were closed was reported that even with the prepositioned personnel for more than two months, and power was out for more than and firsthand knowledge, federal assistance to the island half the island for months once again. According to reports, awaited the local’s submission or a damage assessment. Loss the island had just resumed a normal life after Typhoon of phone and power made this very difficult to complete, Soudelor. Dubbed a Super Typhoon, the 180 mph winds left delaying federal response despite obvious needs. Further more than 3,000 homes destroyed. Saipan received a partial compounding this situation, being so remote from normal strike from this storm, Tinian received a direct hit, with ground transportation meant all aid was required to arrive damage even more pronounced. Recovery in these islands is via the air or by ship, in many cases meaning critical equip- still very much ongoing, and impacted by issues of transpor- ment was taking weeks or months to arrive. (News, 2015) tation and support. Repeated requests from local representatives of volunteer disaster groups were “met with crickets, In September 2017, Hurricane Maria made landfall on the despite several e-mails and emphasizing the gravity of the island of Puerto Rico, already trying to recover from damage disaster.” (Cruz, 2018) caused by Hurricane Irma. The already weakened infrastructure was no match for the winds and rains, leaving behind Hurricane Michael made landfall on October 7, 2018, in the almost total loss of power across the island, tens of thou- Florida panhandle, causing damage across Florida, Georgia, sands of homes damaged and a general loss of basic human North and South Carolina, and Virginia. Mexico Beach, needs. Response efforts were hampered by the loss of roads Florida, was in all truth destroyed, with only sporadic struc- and bridges delaying critical tactical information gather- tures standing up to a mile inland. Tyndall Air Force Base ing in the immediate post-storm period. It has been well suffered serious damage to numerous buildings and may not documented how long and difficult it was to return power to be functioning again for several years, impacting the local

26 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net Mexico Beach damage caused by Hurricane Michael, FEMA Photo Library by Ken Wilsey, November 3, 2018

schools and economy. Bay County, Florida suffered a major loss of both residential and commercial structures, which Is the current model as defined in is hampering the recovery efforts both in human resources and tax revenues. Combined with the loss of virtually the the Stafford Act still sustainable? entire housing stock, tent cities and other informal housing the resources or ability to manage a recovery effort. These situ- arrangements popped up, leading to health and safety con- ations have led to survivors struggling to find basic needs such cerns. The residents are hoping for government assistance as shelter, food, power, and medical care. While our response for housing, many asking about FEMA trailers. systems have managed to generally meet their goals with the The Camp Fire devastated Paradise, California, and the sur- exception of the 2017 hurricanes, the recovery components rounding area in mid-November 2018. Besides the unprece- appear to not be capable of coping as well when the impact is dented death toll, the destruction in this town of 25,000 was so widespread, or the regions more remote. significant. Current estimates put the number of structures As the nation continues to face the impacts of more severe destroyed at almost 19,000, an estimated 15,000 of which storms with greater frequency, sea level rises in coastal areas, were residential. Like Hurricane Michael, the community and the probable continued increase in wildland fires, it is is struggling to develop recovery plans while coping with incumbent that the emergency management community the near total loss of their community fabric. Residents and take a serious look at whether the current model as defined local officials are questioning where the FEMA trailers are for in the Stafford Act is still sustainable. Does there need to be a emergency housing. more automatic system to bring to bear the federal backstop Looked at together, these incidents over the past few years to recovery? Are we approaching a period where we will be highlight an ongoing struggle on the local and federal levels so continually overwhelmed that we lose the compassion to adapt to ever-increasing demands to meet the needs and and caring which make our system work so well? I find that expectations of the community following natural disasters. these are serious points to consider as professionals in the emergency management field faced with planning not just It does appear that a combination of stronger storms, higher for today’s emergencies, but for the so many more we know temperatures, and stronger winds have combined to stretch are coming in the future. our historic emergency management concepts to the breaking point. As noted in these examples, while response efforts Brian Usher is an APWA Past National President and current have been reasonably well managed when the gravity is member of the Government Affairs Committee. He can be reached considered, the recovery of lifeline systems and basic human at (727) 587-6741 or [email protected]. needs have repeatedly been overwhelmed. Local governments 1 who find their community fabric destroyed often do not have Excluding 1996 during which one blizzard accounted for multiple declarations across many states.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 27 SPOTLIGHT ON CANADA

Green infrastructure at work at a roadside rain garden in Peterborough, Ontario, installed by Peterborough Green UP in 2018

Flood resilience Communities come together to tackle urban flooding

t doesn’t take much convincing Helping develop strategic to believe that flooding is a big solutions problem in Canadian communities. Over the past several years, Green The insurance industry has been Communities Canada, with support Clara Blakelock I sounding the alarm for years. But from the Ontario Trillium Founda- Manager of Water Programs what can be done about it? Much of tion, has been facilitating the Ontario Green Communities Canada the flooding that occurs isn’t in river- Urban Flooding Collaborative. This Peterborough, Ontario ine flood plains—it’s urban flooding, multi-stakeholder group aims to help which occurs away from waterbodies define what it means to be a flood- due to overloaded stormwater or waste- resilient community, to identify how water systems. we will measure progress towards flood Urbanization has greatly increased resilience, and to generate projects runoff volumes compared to pre-devel- which will improve flood resilience in opment. The most vulnerable neigh- communities across the province. Content provided by: bourhoods are those built years ago, Their vision of flood-resilient Ontario https://renewcanada.net when design standards were different. communities includes four areas: https://watercanada.net There are also many factors on private property which impact risk. And when • Prioritize: Plans are in place to rain events are very large and intense, reduce flood risk, addressing the almost nothing can prevent flooding most vulnerable neighbour- from occurring. hoods first.

It’s not a problem that can be solved • Prepare: Property level measures by municipal infrastructure improve- are in place to reduce flood risk, ments alone. All levels of government, while minimizing downstream conservation authorities, academia, impacts. People prepare for the the private sector, and the public all event of an emergency. need to work together.

28 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net • Protect and restore: Runoff is minimized. Green infrastructure is part of a holistic • Improve: Infrastructure protects all approach to stormwater management, using properties from flooding. the best approaches from the smallest to the Communities are working in all of these areas but face many challenges. largest rain events. With the collaborative, we aim to implement projects to try to address or requiring action on private property, smallest to the largest rain events. This these gaps. while also providing training to prac- is a new approach for many communi- One challenge is that public under- titioners in holistic flood resilience, ties, and there are still some challenges standing of flood risk is very low. While to increase the quality of work that is with widespread implementation. even riverine flood risk is not well- installed on the ground. Green Communities Canada aims to understood, a recent survey by Partners Increasingly, green infrastructure—such address these barriers through demon- for Action (formed by the University as rain gardens, permeable pavement, stration neighbourhood retrofits which of Waterloo’s Faculty of Environment) and rainwater harvesting—is being used combine grey and green infrastructure found that only six percent of people for stormwater management within improvements, and flood protection living in high risk riverine flood zones urban areas, an approach supported by measures on private property. These knew they were at high risk, and that the Government of Ontario. neighbourhoods will serve as demon- the urban flood risk is even less well strations of what is possible in flood- known, because in many communities However, green infrastructure alone resilient communities. it is not mapped. Municipalities are won’t solve all flooding issues in at-risk working on creating these risk maps, neighbourhoods. It is part of a holistic Clara Blakelock is the manager of water pro- but there is trepidation about releasing approach to stormwater management, grams for Green Communities Canada. this information to the public, for fear using the best approaches from the that it will lead to accusations of negli- gence, or impact property values. Mapping out the solutions The only way that needed infrastructure investments can be made is by having an open conversation with the public about the current condition of infrastructure, what improvements are possible, and what they would cost.

The City of Edmonton is currently undergoing this process and has mapped urban flood risk and engaged the public about what their priorities are for reducing risk. One of our proposed collaborative projects involves partnering with different communities that are undergoing flood risk mapping to test out different communication and public engagement strategies. Once flood risk is understood, there are actions that can be taken at the property level to reduce risk. Many municipalities provide subsidies for basement flood prevention (backwater valves, sump pumps), but uptake is generally low. There are also gaps in the quality of work that is done on private property. We are proposing to test out innovative approaches to incentivizing

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 29 SPOTLIGHT ON CANADA

Excavators unearthed a corduroy road over 200 years old.

Carroll McCormick Freelance Writer Positive ions Montreal, Quebec The Waterloo Region Light Rail

Content provided by: Transit corridor is a magnet for https://renewcanada.net people and businesses https://watercanada.net

n anticipation of the spring 2019 and Calgary, to go into service in opening of the Region of Water- Canada. loo’s 19-kilometre light rail transit Stage 1, valued at $868 million, runs (LRT) line, businesses and resi- I from Conestoga Mall Transit Terminal dents have been flocking to the transit to Fairview Park Mall Transit Terminal, corridor for several years. It is poised with 19 stations, including ones in to become the third LRT, and the third downtown Kitchener, at Grand River longest, after the ones in Edmonton Hospital, UpTown Waterloo, both uni-

30 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net “We had residents and visitors who lined up before midnight to get a piece of the corduroy road we uncovered—they were all gone in twenty-eight minutes." ~ TJ Flynn, manager of community relations, ION Rapid Transit

Planning has begun on a Stage 2 to retail and leisure choices all within build a 17-kilometre, eight-station close proximity to enhanced transit.” service between Cambridge and Kitch- The Region’s monitoring of the impact ener. Construction is expected to begin of the project shows that the transit around 2026. corridor became a powerful draw well The timeline for ION—Greek for before contractors deployed the first “going”—as the line is called, began excavators. The Planning Department in 1976 with a proposal to create a provides examples: “$2.3 billion has central transit corridor in the Water- been invested in new buildings in the loo Region. Planning heated up after ION corridor since ION was announced the turn of the century, and construc- in 2011; over 11,000 more residents are tion began on the ION LRT in 2014. living in the Central Transit Corridor Region of Waterloo Council awarded (CTC) than in 2011; about 3,000 units the contract to GrandLinq to design, have been issued new building per- build, finance, operate, and maintain mits just in the past two years (2016, ION’s Stage 1 LRT. 2017), and over 8,500 units since 2011; in 2017 alone, residential building The Region of Waterloo has around permits in the Central Transit Corridor versities, and Waterloo Park, according 575,000 residents, with 200,000 more represented a third of all residential to the Region of Waterloo document expected to move into the area over the units in the Region, and were worth The ION Story. next 20 years, The ION Story reports. It notes that without ION, the Region almost $100 million. It also includes a 17-kilometre adapted would require 500 new lane kilometres “We are comfortable saying that ION bus rapid transit route from Fairview of roads to support this growth, at a has had a strong influence on invest- Park Mall to the Ainslie Street Terminal cost of $1.4 billion. ION will limit new in Cambridge, with four stops along road construction by about 40 percent. ment in the Central Transit Corridor, Hespeler Road, according to The ION the area roughly 800 metres from the Story; it will be phased out once the “ION helps attract development in core ION stations. Local developers openly LRT begins service. “The ION bus con- areas, limiting development outside attribute their choice to build new resi- nection as part of Stage 1 ION will help the core. The Region has a very strong dential units, or their decision, such as increase ridership between Kitchener sense of protecting the farmland and Google’s, to locate their businesses in and Cambridge. This will help secure green spaces that exist outside the the ION corridor, based on the Region’s funding for Stage 2,” says TJ Flynn, downtown cores,” Flynn says. commitment to build this light rail manager of community relations, ION transit system.” Rapid Transit. The Region’s Planning Department adds, “This highly integrated approach This growth has been fostered and Plans also include a transit hub, con- to transportation and land use policy, managed by what the Region refers necting ION with cycling and walking and the permanence of ION, will help to as a Community Building Strategy routes and longer-distance transit such to focus development along the corri- (CBS), “... one of the first strategies of as GO Transit and VIA Rail. dor with a greater mix of housing, jobs, its kind in North America,” notes The ION Story.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 31 One of the trains that will be used on the ION LRT.

The CBS, Planning explains, “... iden- Without ION, the Region would require 500 tified the current and future station area characteristics to help inform new lane kilometres of roads to support new decisions about what type of development should be encouraged at each growth, at a cost of $1.4 billion, but ION will location and short- and long-term opportunities and challenges around limit new road construction by the station areas.” about 40 percent. An interactive map showing the corridor and development highlights can be found at bit.ly/2PABIPH. lines, or cords in corduroy fabric. ible interest, Flynn says. “We had Construction projects typically offer residents and visitors who lined up “An archeological assessment estimat- before midnight to get a piece of the residents knothole views into excava- ed the road was built between 1790 and tion pits or frustrating detours. Water- 1816 by local Mennonites, then buried corduroy road. We started giving the loo Region residents, however, were around 1840,” notes The ION Story. pieces away at seven in the morning treated to an early and unusual piece and they were all gone in twenty-eight of infrastructure when, in March 2016, “It was one of our first pieces of infra- minutes. This was a unique moment excavators uncovered a section of cordu- structure in the region. After it was for us: creating something for the roy road that had lain undisturbed for uncovered during ION construction, future and looking back into develop- some 200 years about two metres below the road was left exposed for a number ment over the past centuries.” King Street. A corduroy road is built by of weeks and became a mini-tourist Carroll McCormack is a freelance writer laying down logs laid at right angles to attraction,” Flynn says. based in Montreal, Quebec. the road to create a solid, if not quite A decision to give away pieces of flat, surface. It gets its name from the the corduroy road generated incred-

32 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net SPOTLIGHT ON CANADA

By getting the design and construction teams together early in the process, smart Water Quality Tradingand green(WQT) initiatives has proven can to be be effective in multiple watershedssuccessfully throughout incorporated the U.S. and into Canada. the build.

Smart health Learning from the “smartest” hospital ever built in Canada

Andrew Macklin, Editor, ReNew Canada magazine, Toronto, Ontario

hen the Humber River began construction in 2011. Part of Content provided by: Hospital (HRH) set out to that partnership was PCL Construc- https://renewcanada.net plan its new facility in the tors Canada, responsible for the design https://watercanada.net heart of Toronto’s north and construction of the new 14-story, W end, they did so with a new 1.8-million-square-foot hospital. vision for health care delivery in mind: The contractor was ultimately tasked lean, green, and digital. And for the with the responsibility of putting the companies interested in bidding on the vision into the plan, deciding how best project, it was this vision that had to be to meet the aggressive expectations set incorporated into the design-build of for by the hospital’s management. the new facility. Before the bid The winning consortium for the $1.75-billion hospital was Plenary For public sector infrastructure devel- Health Care Partnerships, which opment, combining the need to build

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 33 both lean AND green is a new con- came together early in the bid process cept. Most previous builds had tar- to understand how lean and green Glazing used for geted one or the other, based on the could coexist in solutions to meet the project’s owners’ priorities, but not hospital’s vision. Potential solutions patient windows is both. The demands of HRH presented were put on the table, and then both a new challenge. groups discussed whether or not they energy efficient and could be included within the design In the case of the proponent for HRH, framework of the build. This included removed the need for the design and contractor teams elements such as HVAC systems that curtains, which assists

™ with the hospital’s goal of reducing the spread of disease.

could also capture waste heat, increasing insulation above current building code regulations, and using windows to reduce energy use.

Some of the solutions even presented themselves as both lean and green when implemented properly. For example, glazing used for patient Let TYMCO REGENERATIVE AIR SWEEPERS windows created the design energy efficiency impacts. At the same time, Help Achieve Your Street Sweeping Goals! the glazing reduced sunlight enough

Model 600 ® Model 500x ® to remove the need for curtains, which Street Sweeper High Side Dump assists with the hospital’s goal of reducing the spread of disease, as some porous materials found in curtains can trap contaminants such as pathogens. The pace of technology The hospital’s vision was known early

Model 600 ® CNG Model DST-6 ® enough in the procurement process Compressed Natural Gas Powered Dustless Sweeping Technology that interested contractors could start making plans early in the process. According to project director Bruce MacPherson, the team spent lots of time investigating and learning about the new technology very early in the process. That included investigating Because swept is not always clean, the use of Automated Guided Vehicles, call TYMCO. Our Regenerative or AGVs, which had previously never Air Sweepers blast into pavement cracks with up to a 250 mph been used in a Canadian hospital. controlled jet of air, forcing up street debris and even the finest sand and “We visited hospitals where the robots particulates into a totally enclosed were used,” said MacPherson. “By the system — never exhausting dirty time the bid happened, we were com- air as do vacuum sweepers. All with fortable with the technology.” only a few moving parts, reducing maintenance cost and downtime. Technology implementation was an Ask for a Demonstration ! uphill battle for the project planning, as FROM THE PEOPLE WHO INVENTED REGENERATIVE AIR SWEEPING! the rapid innovation could mean that a

34 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net product at the cutting edge during the procurement process but in 2009-2011, design phase could be all but obsolete when procurement of HRH took place, by the time the hospital opened. it was not a common contract demand, especially not at this scale. The process Introducing modular construction forced both the contractor and sub- One of the lean and green solutions contractors to become educated on the discussed and executed by the contrac- installation, operation, and main- tor was the use of modular construc- tenance of a green roof system. This tion for some of the building elements included the need for greater under- of the hospital. In the case of Humber standing on the type of plant species to River, patient washrooms and data cen- be used based on sunlight and climate, tres were both created with a standard and how that could change bird and design, one that was created at a ware- insect species’ presence on the property house facility in the Greater Toronto and their impact on the overall health Area. Modular construction can be of the hospital and its patients. beneficial as it prevents any external factors from impacting construction, Culture change such as weather, variation in contrac- With an abundance of new building Plenary Health Care tors, and interference caused by other systems and demands implemented in work being done in the same section the Humber River Hospital construc- Partnerships of the building. It also allowed the tion, it was vital for the proponent to Humber River Hospital was delivered vendors onsite to focus on works that work with a team that was open to new under Infrastructure Ontario’s Alternative needed to be customized. ideas. Whether it be the green roof, the Financing and Procurement (AFP) delivery new approach to HVAC systems, the model in partnership with: Before HRH, PCL had been working to need to target greater material recy- reduce construction waste at its proj- • Owner: Humber River Hospital cling, or the installation of modular ects across Canada. But the decision constructed rooms, it became just as • Lead Sponsor and Financial Arranger: to go modular with elements of HRH important to pull together a team that Plenary Group allowed for that waste to be reduced would be willing to be educated, learn even further, as moulds allowed for • Design-Builder and Construction while doing, and still perform at a very custom-built pieces that produced little Manager: PCL Constructors Canada high level of craftsmanship. to no additional waste. In total, 96 per- Inc. (Toronto) cent of construction waste was diverted Humber River Hospital opened in • Architect: HDR Architecture Associ- from the landfill. October 2015 following four years of ates Inc. construction and commissioning. Going green Upon its opening, the hospital became • Facilities Management: Johnson Reducing energy consumption and the first certified ICAT SMART hospi- Controls minimizing construction waste tal in North America. The aggressive represented two considerable steps in energy efficiency strategy resulted in • Sustainability Consultant: MMM meeting green targets on the Humber 47 percent lower than the Energy Star Group Limited River project. They both helped the Portfolio Manager Canada target for • Mechanical/Electrical Consultant: hospital to reach LEED Gold status, hospitals. And the introduction of 100 Smith + Andersen even though LEED Silver was targeted percent fresh air circulation was well pre-construction. But one of the key above CSA-Z317 standards. • Structural Consultant: WSP Canada elements that the project owner Inc./Halsall wanted was the incorporation of at As a result of the work done at HRH, least 50 percent green roof area. With PCL is now implementing several of its • Mechanical Contractor: Modern Niagara Toronto Inc. all of the complexities introduced with lean and green construction methods the HVAC system, including the 100 into its current builds, including sig- • Electrical Contractor: Plan Electric percent fresh air system, this was a nificant amounts of modular elements significant challenge to work around as in the Greater Toronto Area’s newest • Civil Engineer: A.M. Candaras Associ- part of the building’s design. SMART hospital, the $1.6-billion Mack- ates Inc. enzie Vaughan Hospital. Green roofs in major building proj- • Landscape Architect: Quinn Design ects are becoming more common in Andrew Macklin is the managing editor of Associates the projects now coming through the ReNew Canada.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 35 MEDIA INSIGHT

Promoting our Public Policy Priorities: An update for the 116th Congress

Emily Dowsett, Government Affairs Media Manager, American Public Works Association, Washington, D.C.

ack in November, I used this space to write an article Priorities,” “Water Resiliency Policy Priorities,” “Emergency about APWA’s Public Policy Priorities…. What they Management & Response Priorities,” and “116th U.S. Con- are, how we use them, and that we were in the gress Policy Priorities” which serves as an overview docu- process of drafting updated versions of those document of the previous three. All four documents are housed B ments for the (then-upcoming) 116th Congress. in the Government Affairs section of the APWA website (www. APWA.net). Well, as I’m sure you’re aware, it’s March now, and the 116th Congress is well underway. It’s been an eventful few months The minute the new public policy documents were on Capitol Hill to say the least, but I’m not here to talk approved, we hit the ground running to ensure that the immigration, healthcare or taxes (phew)! Our team in the White House, all Congressional offices, federal agencies, APWA Washington, D.C. office instead focuses day in and and media outlets covering public works and Capitol Hill day out on advocating for public works. As one of our stra- received a copy. After visiting all 535 Congressional Offices, tegic goals so powerfully puts it, we strive every day to “be communication with the White House, sitdowns with the voice of public works to government leaders and media,” numerous federal agencies, and countless media outreach… and it’s the aforementioned policy documents that tell us Guess what? We still aren’t done promoting these policies, exactly what we use that voice to say. and that won’t stop anytime soon!

Once the Government Affairs Committee (GAC), in con- Our goal is to ensure that anyone who writes, votes on, signs, junction with Government Affairs staff, finalized the drafts or influences legislation or regulations impacting public of the updated policy documents, they were submitted to works knows exactly where APWA stands on any and all the Board of Directors for consideration during their January issues involved. Every meeting we attend on the Hill, with a 2019 board meeting. And, in case you didn’t already know, federal agency, the Administration, or with a media outlet, they were approved! Just like that we had our new marching we provide a copy of these documents. Capitol Hill (and orders, detailing exactly what types of legislation and regula- Washington, D.C. in general) is an ever-changing environ- tions we were to advocate for (or against, should the need ment, with new job turnover happening every day. Each arise) through 2020. time we schedule a meeting, we are sure to send our priority documents in advance, so all parties involved know APWA’s For the 116th Congress (January 3, 2019-January 3, 2021), policy stances. APWA has four policy documents: “Transportation Policy

36 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net We always want to leave no doubt that APWA is the “go to” resource on all matters related to public works. If legislative staff in a Senate office are writing legislation on water infrastructure, we want them to come to us to get their questions answered, or to ask for our input. If the Administration has a question when they’re working on an infrastructure plan, we would like them to take our recommendations into consideration. If they need input flood- mapping, we want FEMA to seek the advice from the public works experts.

So, that all makes sense, right? These are public POLICY priorities, so of course we want them in front of the POLICY- makers…. But you may be asking why I keep mentioning promoting these to the media. Allow me to explain.

If a reporter is writing about public works, or policy impacting public works, it is critical that they know two things: who APWA is, and where we stand on critical issues. When I make a new media contact, or even reach out to a new reporter at a publication with which we are very familiar, I am always sure to attach a one-pager about APWA and our policy priorities. Those reporters who know who APWA is, and who have a copy of our priorities, are the ones who are going to reach out to us when they have a story and want a source. And, any time we are inter- viewed or quoted in any publication, it A screenshot of APWA’s Public Policy Priorities is another opportunity for us to proudly promote recommendations and solu- we need you to encourage others to do the same. Join us in tions for legislative or regulatory issues impacting public being THE “Voice of Public Works.” Share these documents works. If they are quoting anyone, we want it to be us! with your colleagues, local media, and yes, absolutely share In turn, the more that public works, and issues impacting them with your lawmakers. Help us elevate the volume of public works, are mentioned in the media, the more public our voice across the country. We will continue to do our part awareness there will be, and the more positive impact there on a national level, but your “local” voices can be even more will be on legislation and regulations. Remember this…. impactful! elected officials depend on the votes of their constituents to Our policy documents are something that we are very proud keep their jobs, so if they’re getting hundreds of calls asking of as an association. We have received so much great feed- why the bridge construction project is stalled because of a back from Congressional offices, federal agencies and the delay in federal funding, they’re going to want to do some- media already this Congress, and it has only just begun! thing about it! Emily Dowsett can be reached at (202) 218-6736 or edowsett@ The more APWA’s name and priorities are out there, the apwa.net. better it is for public works. We need you to advocate, and

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 37 OPEN YOUR WINTER TOOLBOX

Dealing with social media in winter maintenance

Wilfrid Nixon, Ph.D., P.E., PWLF, Vice President, Science and the Environment, Salt Institute, Naples, Florida; Member, APWA Winter Maintenance Subcommittee

ocial media is ubiquitous—it seems everyone has either a Twitter account, or a Facebook account, or both and prob- S ably some other accounts too. And increasingly, cities and other government entities are getting in on this activity. So, should you and your agency have such accounts, and if you should (or already do), how can you make the best use of them?

The answer to the first question is in many ways straightforward. Your A screenshot of the Iowa track-a- agency is on social media whether or plow page (trackaplow.iowadot.gov), not you want it to be. People will be showing plow locations and photo using their social media accounts to locations, taken on January 29, 2019, talk about the services you provide and at about 10:30 a.m. Central Time. if you do not have an engaged presence in that conversation then the direction refer back to their websites, where their primary purpose of them is to provide the conversation takes will most likely customers can find out more informa- information to your customers. If you not be positive. So, you need to have an tion. So, no “tweet” stands alone, but have a winter storm ordinance that, account, but what should it be? rather it is designed to bring the reader for example, restricts parking under of the “tweet” to a media location at certain winter conditions, you can use A number of agencies use a three- which they can find more information. your social media accounts to let peo- pronged approach. They use Twitter ple know when those restrictions go What, in the context of winter main- and Facebook accounts to get news out into effect and when they are removed tenance, might you use these social to their customers but the messages again. And do not underestimate the media accounts to do for you? Well, the they post using those platforms always value of information to your consum-

38 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net ers. It turns out they are very hungry agents and members disclaim any Readers should use their own indepen- for the best possible information you and all liability for any harm, injury dent judgment with the assistance of can provide. or damages whatsoever (including, professionals and experts when appro- without limitation, direct, indirect, priate, to determine the practices and One of the great success stories in consequential, incidental, or punitive) procedures that they decide to follow winter maintenance over the past few arising out of the use of, or inability to in their ordinary course of business. years has been the creation of tools use, any of the information in this pub- that allow road users to see what plows lication or the materials, information Wilfrid Nixon can be reached at (239) are out on the road, and even what or procedures or referenced therein. 231-3305 or [email protected]. those plows are seeing as they go about their work. One of the earliest adopters of this technology was the Iowa DOT with their “track-a-plow” technology (which you can see at trackaplow.iowadot.gov) which shows photos taken from plow trucks in action. People love it and seemingly cannot get enough of it! Especially when a storm is coming in, road users make excellent use of it by checking to see what the plows are seeing, and using that to decide whether or not they should make a trip right now, or wait a little, or not make the trip at all.

Of course, Iowa DOT is not the only agency providing this sort of information, and it is entirely fitting for agencies to provide that sort of data. It is all part of letting the road user know what you are doing with the resources they have provided to you. That sort of transparency and accountability are key parts of a Safe and Sustainable Snowfighting strategy—it is clearly intended to fully serve your stakeholders as much as possible.

So, yes, social media seems a little daunting, and I can certainly not promise that the platforms that seem ubiquitous today (Twitter, Facebook) will remain the ones you need to be on tomorrow—these things change over time as anyone who remembers MySpace knows all too well! But having a presence on these social media platforms gives you the opportunity to present a uniform perspective on your agency’s efforts and actions and thus allows you to serve the needs of your road users better going forward.

Disclaimer: The information contained in this article is intended as general information only. It does not consti- tute an attempt to establish industry best practices or guidelines. The Salt Institute and its officers, personnel,

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 39 PW TECH MANAGEMENT: LEADERSHIP IN NEW TECHNOLOGY

Austin Ridgely, Vice President at Hampton, Lenzini and Renwick and Licensed UAS Pilot, processing topographic survey data from a fixed wing drone

Considerations for public works drone programs

Gary Strack, P.E., Project Manager, Anderson Engineering, Kansas City, Missouri, and member, APWA Engineering and Technology Committee; Karen Kase, PWS, CPESC, Natural Resources Manager, Hampton, Lenzini and Renwick Inc., Elgin, Illinois, and Treasurer, APWA Chicago Metro Chapter Fox Valley Branch

rones, aka Unmanned Aerial Sys- technology. It is pertinent for any orga- things: economic value, convenience, tems (UAS), may not be as flashy nization using drones to stay educated and most important, safety. Drones are as they were when they first hit about the most recent rules and regula- certainly improving our quality of work, D the scene, but make no mistake, tions surrounding commercial drone but what may be even more notable is drone technology is anything use. Otherwise, your business could the time-efficiency and safety aspect but stagnant—just ask anyone in the easily run into issues related to liability that they lend to the public works public works industry. However, while and/or hefty fines. industry. Specifically, drone technology drone technology is certainly mak- is allowing us to perform inspections So, what is it about drone technol- ing our jobs not only easier but safer more quickly, cost-efficiently and safely ogy that is so useful to our industry? as well, the rules and regulations are than ever before. It allows us to calculate We think it comes down to a few key evolving right along with the latest quantities of stockpiles in a quick and

40 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net safe manner. Furthermore, we can now employed drone operators complete solid-state drive to expedite processing, quickly and economically collect GIS additional training. which can still take hours. The final data, which has become a game-chang- processed data, aerials, point cloud and Privacy has been a very big concern er for our industry. contours can be put on a network. Each for municipal drone use. Specialized quarter, we back up processed projects These are impressive ways that drones software can now blur faces and license onto an external hard drive to free up and certified drone pilots lend them- plates as part of the processing. It is the local computer. selves to the improvement of our either part of the software or can be industry, but something that stands out added as a separate module. Drones While it is important to be familiar even more is the ability to use drones can come with software, or you can with the current regulations, another to perform search and rescue missions purchase software separately. Gener- issue of high importance is liability. after a natural disaster has struck. That ally, extra licenses are an additional Anderson Engineering was one of the technology is invaluable to an entire cost. Modeling software is varied, both first companies in Missouri to have FAA community post-disaster. Working for a in ease of use and in cost. Intel, Micro- exemption to use drones in a profes- company that has been highly involved soft and Pix4D are a few of the major sional capacity, so we learned the ropes in the rebuilding process after the software providers. early on. Whether you are developing an internal team within your organiza- catastrophic tornado struck Joplin, Mo., There are different kinds of drones back in 2011 makes us greatly appreci- tion for drone services, or hiring an available in the market today. It’s outside company for a specific project, ate the role that drone technology can important to consider your primary play in a disaster situation. insurance coverage is essential. Since use when choosing a drone. Are you the updated commercial regulations planning on inspecting bridges, One thing that organizations utiliz- came out in 2016, there has been no buildings, water towers, cell towers ing drones must consider—technol- shortage of new drone companies to or other infrastructure? Multi-rotor/ ogy continues to advance, but so do arise. “Drone pilots” aren’t hard to come Quadcopter primarily hover for close- the rules and regulations surrounding by these days, but there is a big differ- in work, making takeoff and landings professional UAS use. One cannot ence between a professional Certified easier. A negative for copter-style mistakenly assume that the rules that Drone Pilot and a hobbyist who taught drones is their significantly shorter applied one year ago are still the same himself how to fly and is now contract- endurance and battery life. These types rules being applied today. The Federal ing himself out for work. Make sure you of drones are more suited to close-up Aviation Administration (FAA) has a set know the difference, or your organiza- photographs of a vertical structure or of operational rules which strictly apply tion may suffer the consequences. low-to-high oblique photography. Are to the commercial use of a UAS. For you primarily looking for a detailed The initial excitement of UAS may have instance, the regulation which prohibits survey, or aerial orthomosaic? These dulled, but the technological aspect is the flying of drones over humans; this uses would be more suited to a fixed more advanced than ever before, and is a regulation that could very well be wing drone. Fixed wing drones allow the public works industry is reaping changing soon. Knowbeforeyoufly.org is longer flights and cover large areas. the economic benefits. Search and an excellent resource for staying up-to- However, they can’t hover, and landing rescue teams, medical professionals, date with the current regulations. can be difficult. police officers and even anti-poaching officers abroad are finding ways to use Municipal and public works drone Data management should also be con- usage has unique challenges. Ordi- UAS technology, not only for the ben- sidered when initiating a UAS program. efit of their agencies, but for the benefit nances and guidelines for govern- If high-resolution aerial photographs ment employee UAS usage should be of the people and their communities. or drone-mounted survey equipment Each and every public works depart- strongly considered, including privacy is being utilized, a typical project could and safety guidelines. Municipalities ment should be benefiting from this have over 10 gigabytes of raw data. elite technology and the prediction is cannot regulate drone use for residents After processing, the project can bal- and the public. Given the fact that the that if you aren’t already, you certainly loon to 20 gigabytes. Processing the will be soon. Just remember to be smart FAA is the only organization allowed large quantities of data into its final, to govern airspace, cities cannot legally when maneuvering the regulations usable format also can take specialized and liability aspects of the industry. So, enact a drone ordinance. As long as the technology. We recommend having a pilot is following FAA guidelines, they where will drones take us next? One dedicated computer, with all the data thing is certain—the smartest of us will are legally allowed to fly. However, you loaded directly onto its hard drive. be first in line to find out. can dictate how your governmental Downloading and uploading large employees use drones. There are hands- data sets from a network or cloud is Gary Strack can be reached at (816) 777- on training programs that are not inefficient and prone to failure. The 0400 or gstrack@andersonengineeringinc. required by the FAA. It may improve computer system should have a power- com; Karen Kase can be reached at (847) public confidence if all government- ful drive. We generally use a 1 terabyte, 697-6700 or [email protected].

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 41 INTERNATIONAL IDEA EXCHANGE

2019 Jennings Randolph International Fellows announced Jennifer Perry, Public Works Director, Town of Exeter, New Hampshire, and member, APWA International Affairs Committee

he Jennings Randolph Internation- Through the Jennings Randolph Inter- al Fellowship Program is a unique national Fellowship Program, APWA international study and profession- strives to further these international al exchange opportunity that pro- principles: T motes collaboration and sharing of • To provide an opportunity to public works best practices, knowledge, broaden knowledge and exchange and innovation, both internationally experiences and information on and with public works colleagues in trends and advances in public North America. The Jennings Ran- works through contact with our dolph International Fellowship Pro- international partners gram was established by APWA in 1987 at the Eisenhower World Affairs Insti- • To promote friendship and under- tute, now affiliated with Gettysburg standing among public works staff College, and is administered by APWA on an international basis through the International Affairs Committee. The Fellowship is named • To provide a venue for the after former West Virginia Representa- exchange of information between Douglas Sarkkinen tive and Senator Jennings Randolph, APWA and our international part- known as the “Dean of Public Works nering countries including Aus- Legislators,” who served as the Chair tralia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Douglas Sarkkinen, P.E., Senior of the Senate Environment and Public Finland, Iceland, Mexico, New Project Manager/Principal, Otak, Inc., Works Committee from 1966 through Zealand, Norway, Slovak Republic, Vancouver, WA, has been selected to 1981. Senator Randolph stated, “Public and Sweden travel through Sweden. He will inves- Works is a powerful instrument for tigate a GIS-based bridge inventory The 2019 Jennings Randolph Interna- understanding and peace.” and interactive system. He will present tional Fellows are:

42 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net an overview of his study tour and the tion has recently developed such a Arizona and professional engineer in basis of the ATC-20 training and relate bridge and tunnel management system Washington, Idaho, Colorado, Mon- some occurrences on how the private that contains all the structures in the tana, Wyoming and West Virginia. engineering industry has assisted pub- country in an interactive map with lic agencies in response at the Swedish hyperlinks that allow the user to access Public Works Association Conference needed information. Sarkkinen will visit in Luleå, Sweden, in September 2019. Swedish Transportation Ministry head- He will also discuss next steps includ- quarters in Borlange to learn about the ing incorporating bridge load ratings origin of the system, how it was initially and implementing automated checks set up and how it is maintained. He will for overload permits. also visit district offices in Stockholm, Gothenburg and Karlskrona to talk with Agencies throughout the U.S. are see- local users including bridge inspec- ing heavier and more frequent truck tors, maintenance staff, engineers and overloads and super-loads on roadway planners. The information gained will infrastructure due to large transform- be used to start a task force to develop a ers, wind turbines and towers, and similar system in the U.S. heavy equipment. Special hauling Nora Daley-Peng permits take considerable effort to Sarkkinen is a senior project manager review and provide routes based on and principal with over 28 years of bridges’ load carrying capacity. A experience in structural engineering Nora Daley-Peng, Senior Transporta- long-term goal is to develop a bridge and bridges. He has his BSCE from tion Planner and Landscape Architect, management system that contains Michigan Tech University and MSCE City of Shoreline, WA, will travel information which is easily retrievable from the University of Washington. He through Finland. Her public works and adaptable for use by local agencies. is a registered professional structural study will examine aspects of Helsinki’s The Swedish Ministry of Transporta- engineer in Oregon, Washington and mobility plan to encourage a wide

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 43 variety of transportation offerings that ture improvements to offer a compre- do not depend on personal vehicle use. hensive door-to-door transportation She will attend the Finnish Associa- system that will be so affordable, easy tion of Municipal Engineering (FAME) to use and fun that it will eliminate the Congress in Jyväskylä, Finland, in need and desire to own a car. Daley- May 2019, to portray how the City of Peng will use this study tour to learn Shoreline, Washington, is seizing the how Helsinki is progressing toward opportunity to rapidly transform itself the goal as they approach the mid- from an auto-oriented suburban city to way mark. She will meet with several a people-centered urban city with the agencies, including Helsinki Regional opening of two light rail stations by Transport Authority, Helsinki City 2024 and the growth of transit-orient- Transport Agency, Mobility as a Service ed development. (MaaS), and Helsinki City Bikes to learn John Butler how their plans, programs and services The benefits to liberating a community are being implemented. John Butler, P.E., Director of Pub- from auto-dependency are numerous, lic Works, Ashland, WI, will travel including increased safety, reduced Daley-Peng has 20 years of transpor- through Finland, with a focus on the greenhouse gas emissions, improved tation and landscape architecture use of asset management by Finnish health through increased physical experience with expertise in multi- water utilities. Trends and data from activity and increased amount of modal transportation. She has a BS Finland will provide information community gathering space. However, in Landscape Architecture from the on how to best advance the use of changing human behavior can be dif- University of Massachusetts, Amherst. asset management by U.S. utilities by ficult. In 2015, Helsinki made a bold She is a licensed landscape architect reviewing industry approaches. He will proclamation to make car ownership in Washington, a certified member also attend the FAME Congress in May pointless by 2025. To achieve this goal, of the American Institute of Certified 2019, to gain a broader understand- Helsinki is blending smart mobility Planners (AICP) and is LEED AP BD+C ing of the condition of distribution technology with policy changes and credentialed. systems across Finland and to present multimodal transportation infrastruc- an overview of the condition of U.S. distribution systems, the application of asset management in the U.S. and the existing framework for pipeline replacement prioritization.

Data indicate that smaller U.S. utilities Custom REPRINts are challenged with effectively implementing horizontal asset management programs that focus on risk of failure (probability x consequences) calculations to prioritize pipeline RepRints aRe ideal foR: renewal and replacement in distribu- n New Product Announcements tion system management. Studies n Sales Aid For Your Field Force suggest that greater success may be n PR Materials & Media Kits achieved using alternative simplified n Direct Mail Enclosures methods that include pipe age, break n history and leakage. With assistance Customer & Prospect Presentations by Dr. Tapio Katko and associates at n Trade Shows/Promotional Events Tampere University of Technology in n Conferences & Speaking Engagements Finland, Butler will interview select use this logo on white or lighter n Recruitment & Training Packages backgrounds Finnish utilities, investigate previous research and policies impacting water For additional information, please contact Foster Printing Service, the official reprint provider for APWA Reporter. distribution system management in Finland, and compare the results to an identical study completed on U.S. utilities. The results could further sup- Call 866.879.9144 or use this logo on black or darker [email protected] backgrounds. The Printingport the need to advocate for simpler Service is in white. approaches in the U.S. in order to

44 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net

C: 56 M: 0 Y: 100 K: 27 PMS 370 C support better application of asset management principles. The three Jennings Randolph International

Butler has 10 years of engineering Fellows will share their experiences through experience with Indian Health Service in both Michigan and Washington, presentations abroad, to local organizations, at the City of Bremerton, Washington, and now Ashland, Wisconsin. He has APWA’s PWX and in future APWA publications. participated in Engineers Without Borders in El Salvador. He has a BS in Environmental Engineering from Michigan Technological University and an MSCE from Colorado State University with an emphasis in water resources planning and management. He is a registered professional engineer ALL SEASON Spreader in Washington and a National Envi- and Conveyor Encapsulant ronmental Health Association (NEHA) registered sanitarian. Apply once to encapsulate and seal — you're all set for summer storage! In addition to their studies abroad and presentations at partner countries’ Blocks the rusting process — public works conferences, the three Impervious to even the most torrential rains. Jennings Randolph International Keep moisture, oxygen and salt away! Fellows will share their experiences through presentations to local and Environmentally responsible — regional organizations and at APWA’s Will not wash off and contaminate the soil. PWX and in future APWA publications. Easy, one-step application process — Protect in just For more information about the Jen- minutes! Trusted by over 40 State Departments of Transportation. nings Randolph International Fellow- ship Program, contact Lillie Yvette Salinas, APWA Marketing & Outreach Manager, at [email protected] or 1-800-848-2792 ext. 5253. Salt & Chloride Neutralizer Jennifer Perry can be reached at (603) 773- Removes white salt residue left behind 6157 or [email protected]. from pressure washing with detergents TM — use NEUTRO-WASH before applying LUBRA-SEAL®. Honoring the legacy of President Put a STOP to corrosion corruption and Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Eisen- expensive repairs — enjoy more efficient hower Institute is a distinguished equipment that works harder, lasts longer and looks better. center for leadership and public policy. The Eisenhower Institute at Gettys- Save thousands of dollars simply by protecting the equipment you already burg College proudly sponsors several have in your fleet. fellowships and residencies which are designed to advance the Institute’s mission of engaging leaders and learners in the fields of public policy and leadership development. For PROTECTION PRESERVATION PERFORMANCE more information on the Eisenhower Institute, please visit http://www. www.rhomar.com eisenhowerinstitute.org. [email protected]

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 45 Suburban contracted collection and the associated challenges

John Sanchez, Director of Public Works, Town of Burlington, Massachusetts, and member, APWA Solid Waste Management Committee Prior to automated collection residents were not limited in how much trash they could put out for collection.

any smaller communities in Massachusetts In order to achieve these goals, the three communities no longer provide solid waste and recycling partnered to enter a collaborative approach to procure solid collection services using their own forces, opt- waste collection and recycling services. Although the levels ing instead to contract the services of private of service are slightly different in each community (for M contractors. example Burlington offers weekly recycling collection, while Tewksbury offers bi-weekly recycling collection), most of the Although in Massachusetts the contracting of collection components and type of collection are similar in all three services is exempt from competitive bidding, many com- towns. Although the road miles vary from town to town, the munities choose to obtain competitive quotes from differ- residential unit density is similar in all towns and they only ent vendors in order to assure the best service at the best offer residential collection services. possible cost. Using the similar approach of procuring services collec- Solid waste collection service is more than just picking up tively, the towns switched from traditional solid waste barrels and disposing of the load. There are many nuances collection to automated solid waste collection in 2009. At with this type of service which is the main reason that some that point the towns decided to offer a standard 64-gallon communities tend to negotiate directly with vetted vendors container to each residential unit for solid waste collection. that would offer the level of service desired. (This may or The result of this effort was a substantial decline in solid may not be the lowest cost). waste tonnage, accompanied by a very favorable solid waste At the other end of the spectrum we have communities collection contract. that would do a straight low-cost bid, and hope that the Most recently the communities switched to single-stream contract is comprehensive enough to provide an adequate automated recycling collection, which substantially level of service for the community. The Towns of Burlington, increased the recycling tonnage. Burlington offers a 64-gal- Tewksbury, and Tyngsborough north of Boston fall between lon container to each residential unit for the collection the two approaches. The goal of these three suburban com- of recyclables while Tewksbury and Tyngsborough offer a munities, with populations of 25,920, 30,915 and 12,267 95-gallon container. respectively, is to offer a good level of service while keeping costs down. The new automated recycling collection system had relatively good success except for the level of contamination in

46 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net the loads which increased with the single-stream collection. As everyone is aware, due to the current recycling markets, Organizing a collaborative request the level of contamination is creating additional costs to the communities. from vendors can be complicated, How does it work? but have many benefits. Organizing a collaborative request from vendors can be complicated. In Massachusetts every community has its local government in charge of everything from education (K condominiums; size; location; pick-up frequency of dump- through 12) to water treatment and distribution, in addition sters used for refuse at schools and other public buildings; to police and fire services and roadway maintenance (other population; roadway miles; observed holidays; list of special than state roads). This makes every community very unique; events when additional services are required (such as July 4 some communities may not offer solid waste collection celebration); and last three years of tonnages—solid waste services at all, while the community next door may offer and recycling. all services including organic waste collection. In addition, The proposals should be organized by community, so that some communities may charge a fee for residential collec- each community’s cost is associated directly with the level of tion services. service desired.

However, there are communities with similar levels of ser- Although each community will have their own contract vice, and those are the ones Burlington has partnered with with the chosen vendor, all communities need to agree on to seek response from private vendors for the service. The the vendor in order to move forward. three communities do not charge additional fees for trash and recycling services. The three communities decided to include recyclables processing as part of the recycling collection contract, as none Important items to mention in the request from quotes from of the communities operates any facilities for solid waste or vendors include, by community, current number of residen- recycling processing. tial units; whether these units are single family homes or

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APWA ad 3-19.indd 1 2/5/19 12:02 PM Typical residential street after switching to automated collection

Burlington, Tewksbury and Tyngsborough have further agreed that each community will be serviced during a single At least a six-month lead time day of the week. In the case of Burlington, unless the week is recommended, particularly if includes an observed holiday, our solid waste collection and recycling collection is done on Thursdays. thinking about switching from There are many advantages to this approach, the biggest one being customer service. Since the entire community is traditional collection to serviced only one day per week, any missed calls or other customer requests are handled during one day, freeing up automated collection. personnel for the normal duties the rest of the week. Other advantages relate to projects that the town may be working on, such as road resurfacing (which is typically performed How to choose the vendor on days other than Thursday, to avoid disruptions with trash collection). As stated above, Burlington, Tewksbury and Tyngsborough prefer the single-day collection model. Over the last few con- Another major benefit for our communities in the Northeast tracts we have noticed that this type of approach does not is snowplowing not conflicting with collection. If a major increase the cost for the single-day collection versus the five- storm happens on a Thursday, the town may delay the col- days-per-week collection. The towns have requested quotes lection to Friday. Otherwise, the entire town is collected under the two scenarios, with most vendors only offering on its normal day, and all press releases and social media quotes for the five-days-per-week system. However, in order communications are directed to the entire town stating your to go forward with the single-day option all towns need to pick-up day will be Friday. agree on the same vendor.

48 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net Length of contract draft a common Request for Quotes that meets the needs of We have found that a five-year contract gives the communi- each community and describes in detail the level of ser- ties stability. Clauses for escalation based on CPI (Consumer vice expected by the communities. Insurance and bonding Price Index) and fuel are included in the contract to allow for requirements as well as liquidated damages and termination a long duration contract. In addition, due to the volatility of clauses as remedies for lack of performance should be fully the recycling market we included clauses for maximum cost described in the documents. At least a six-month lead time per tonnage for recycling processing as well as rebates based is recommended, particularly if thinking about switching on the value of commodities. from traditional collection to automated collection, as the contractors may need to purchase new equipment and/or Solid waste disposal residential containers to provide to each residence. As mentioned above, none of the three communities operates a landfill or waste-to-energy facility. Following a similar Both staff and elected officials in charge of making decisions consortium approach, the towns joined a separate group need to be in sync for all communities. This perhaps is the to negotiate for the disposal of our solid waste. Similar to biggest challenge in order to pursue a consortium agreement the recycling market, the solid waste disposal market is at where all communities need to end up agreeing to use the capacity in Massachusetts. As a group we were able to secure same contractor for the same length of contracted time. pricing through June of 2021. CPI cost adjustment clauses The use of a consortium for solid waste disposal is much are included as part of the contract. simpler. Towns only need to agree to the vendor who will Conclusion supply the service. In order to work together with other communities in the John Sanchez can be reached at (781) 270-1672 or jsanchez@ procurement of solid waste and recycling collection ser- burlington.org. vices, a common goal needs to be agreed on. Documents such as former contracts and proposals should be used to

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www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 49 Japanese Friendship Garden has turned to certified compost manufactured at the Public Works Compost Facility to provide nutrients and soil stabilization to the beautiful garden. This Garden is operated by the City as part of the Sister Cities Program where visitors from Japan inspired the garden. The Garden hosts many events and serves as a venue for weddings and other special engagements.

In pursuit of organics diversion Developing a market for compost and lessons learned

he City of Phoenix has a his- During this period, the City learned tory of diverting organics from that inbound organics that are free of landfill dating back to 1989. contaminants like solid waste, olean- During the early years of the der, and palm fronds could produce T program, City staff and equip- Stacy Hettmansperger, Public mulch at relatively low operating costs. ment produced mulch to use as alter- Works Operations Manager, City of However, the regional market posed native daily cover for the City’s active constraints for mulch products. The Phoenix, Arizona; Joe Giudice, landfill and for final cover to enhance mulch market was saturated, seasonal vegetation growth and control erosion Assistant Public Works Director, City and reflected low value and sale prices at Phoenix’s closed landfills. of Phoenix, Arizona, and member, when compared to desert and turf APWA Solid Waste Management During the later years of the program, landscaping products. These challeng- Committee the City contracted with local mulch- es resulted in an increase in contractual ing companies to convert yard waste operating costs due to the products’ into mulch and market the product for low sales value. end use.

50 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net Certified compost was used along the entrance to the compost facility as a demonstration of the value of compost.

In 2013, the Mayor and City Council that divertible organic material was still facility. The design team included the established a goal to divert 40 percent prevalent in the refuse waste stream firm Green Mountain Technologies. of municipal solid waste from the and if properly captured could increase The Green Mountain Technologies City’s landfill by the year 2020. Soon the City’s diversion rate. The results firm demonstrated industry experi- thereafter, the City launched the of the studies brought to light another ence regarding designing and operating Reimagine Phoenix initiative aimed to limitation of the current mulching industrial-scale composting facilities. create a cultural and behavioral shift program, the inability to process palm From this engagement, the 27-acre around solid waste diversion practices. fronds, oleander, creosote, pyracantha, facility was constructed with a pro- To achieve this, the City strategically and food scraps—all of which have the cessing capacity of up to 55,000 tons worked to enhance solid waste services, potential for economic end use in form of inbound organics per year, with expand education and outreach, and of acceptable feedstocks. the ability to incrementally scale create public-private partnerships. Giv- In 2014, the City explored changes to up its production to 220,000 tons en the political differences between the the mulching program. The changes per year with additional construc- state of Arizona and other states that included the production of a certified tion. The award-winning facility was have the ability to implement bans on compost material and ability to include designed to produce stable compost specific material disposal practices, previously prohibited materials as in 60 days using Turned Aerated Pile the City determined that the ability feedstock. The City engaged the local Technology (TAP). to achieve its diversion goal would by architecture firm, Arrington Watkins, to driven by economics not mandates. coordinate a conceptual design of these TAP is a compost design that uses Despite the City’s long-standing advancements. Arrington Watkins a mass bed created from a concrete mulching program and recent initia- was later selected, alongside Brycon aerated pad. The pad uses a computer- tives, it was identified by a 2014 and Construction, for the design and con- controlled positive and negative revers- 2015 Waste Characterization Study struction of a City-owned composting ing aeration system that expedites the

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 51 Phoenix and Arizona State University have conducted several years of testing on the certified compost product demonstrating the nutrient and soil improvement capabilities of compost. Tramanto Park is one of the test sites where turf improvements were realized. organic material’s composting process. An additional feature of the facility is the use of a side discharge compost turner. This turner moves the compost on the mass bed daily while concur- rently applying moisture to the material with each turn.

During the facility’s design process, the Reimagine Phoenix initiative was gaining momentum across the community. This momentum encouraged special events to change their waste management practices by implementing the model of zero waste. The first official event in Phoenix to adapt the zero-waste model was Super Bowl XLIX. The City leveraged the team used during the composting facility design to assist with a temporary pilot Another example of a test plot of turf at Smith composting area to be used during Park in Phoenix, this photo displays the Super Bowl XLIX. The initial material application of compost prior to the summer targeted was all food scraps generated growing season. from the downtown events associated with Super Bowl XLIX.

City staff effectively operated the pilot compost area by working closely with the providers of the food scraps to ensure common contaminants were removed. This was done to avoid a devalued compost product. One example of a common contaminate was plastic and glass material.

The pilot continued operating until the permanent composting facility was operational. The pilot facility was a great opportunity to learn how to coordinate special events, meet specific customer needs, create feedstock from mixes of organic material, handle unique operating conditions and help understand the market potential for the final compost product.

To enhance the credibility of the compost, the City became a member of the U.S. Composting Council and began certifying the compost produced as part of the Seal of Test Assurance Program. Through this certification program, compost is confirmed to be stable, mature, and clear of pathogens and weed seed before it is used throughout the community.

52 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net Named after former Phoenix Councilman Calvin Goode, and serving as the original Phoenix City Hall, the picture shows a compost pilot area where certified compost was applied to the turf at this city building to provide nutrients to the turf and improve the soil condition.

In stark contrast to earlier discussions, end markets were now very interested Through this certification program, compost in the certified compost product. This increased the visibility of the program is confirmed to be stable, mature, and clear allowing expansion of its market reach. In the summer of 2015, Arizona State of pathogens and weed seed before it is used University (ASU) joined this partnership to test the benefits of City-gen- throughout the community. erated compost. ASU tested on turf to stream of certified compost ready for Having achieved the standard of compare results against traditional turf market; a market with little tolerance producing a high-quality end prod- management practices. for visible contaminants. To meet the uct, WeCare Denali is now focused on Prior to the construction of the 55,000 market specifications and certification developing a regional market, while tons per year compost facility, the City program standards, WeCare Denali fine tuning the preferred sizes and entered into an operating agreement turned their focus to hand-sorting the blends. One challenge is that other with WeCare Denali; the contractor inbound food scrap loads to pull out producers of mulch in the region offer selected to operate the facility and mar- any contaminants found, specifically their product free of charge. glass and plastic. ket the finished compost product. WeC- This practice further saturates the are Denali was selected based on their In addition to hand sorting, the fin- mulch and composting market. The experience with operating large-scale ished compost product is put through City conducts annual promotional composting facilities and marketing the various types of specialized equipment, opportunities, in partnership with end product generated for other jurisdic- including a trommel screen, grinder WeCare Denali, to assist with market- tions such as New York, Massachusetts and Hurrifex. This technology assists ing and educating about the product. and Michigan. Phoenix had its sights with meeting the specific sizes being This demonstrates the value and qual- set on a contractor with strong market demanded by the market while pulling ity of the compost product generated development capability and experience out any additional non-compostable at the City facility. The market for with creating quality product. items found, including hard plastics compost in Arizona is in its infancy. The compost facility opened in April and film plastics. To keep inbound However, as the program grows and 2017. Commissioning the facility was loads free from common contaminates, continues to deliver a high-quality challenging, as WeCare Denali and the the City created a certification program certified compost to various residential City learned how to operate the new where participants receive a discounted customers and businesses, the opportu- technology and equipment manufac- gate rate when delivering their com- nity for market expansion will grow. postable material directly to the trans- tured by Green Mountain Technologies. Stacy Hettmansperger can be reached at (602) fer station. This program requires that 495-5600 or stacy.hettmansperger@phoenix. Despite some challenges, after one loads delivered are pre-sorted and clean gov; Joe Giudice can be reached at (602) 534- year of operation the composting green material. 8680 or [email protected]. facility began producing a consistent

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 53 Edmonton Reuse Centre

Increase your waste diversion rate through reuse Trent Tompkins, Manager, Road Maintenance, Parkland County, Alberta, and member, APWA Solid Waste Management Committee

ith changing foreign mar- sized or problematic materials such as Reusing items is already occurring in kets for recycling materials picture frames, coat hangers and old the community through thrift shops, limiting the items that artificial Christmas tree still hanging yard sales and charity donations, but can be profitably sold to around in March, then a reuse program eventually everything gets discarded. W recycling processors, many might be able to help. When an item is no longer useful to municipalities are seeing a decline its owner a reuse program can provide Reuse is second in the waste hierarchy in their waste diversion rate. If your the last chance for diversion and create and can provide significant envi- municipality is losing ground on diver- opportunities for arts, education and ronmental and social benefits while sion and struggling to manage odd- community building. reducing landfilling and hauling costs.

54 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net Parkland County Reuse area

In 2017 the site diverted over 320,000 kgs (704,000 lbs) of material that couldn’t be easily recycled but was too good to waste.

There are a number of reuse programs diverted over 320,000 kgs (704,000 off material at the transfer stations and established by municipalities and lbs) of material that couldn’t be easily there is no charge to take items. typically include one or more of the recycled but was too good to waste. following options: Reuse Events/Fairs Rural/Small Facilities An alternative to permanent locations Urban Facilities Smaller facilities can be located within is to stage a day or weekend event Urban reuse programs such as the City rural transfer stations, recycle locations where residents can drop items off and of Edmonton Reuse Centre operate or central landfills. Reuse in smaller possibly pick up something new on the very similar to a retail store. Inventory communities may be as simple as a way out. The City of St. Albert hosts a is brought in by residents at no charge shed or designated area for residents “Take it or Leave it” day where resi- and is weighed and set out on shelves to drop material off and others to dents need to show proof of residency for purchase. Reusable items such as scan through. Parkland County with to drop off items, but anyone can pick books, baskets and ice cream pails are a population of 32,000 operates “Take up an item. An event like this can be sold by weight for $5.00/25 kgs (55 it or Leave it” sites at several transfer coordinated with other events such as lbs). The Reuse Centre opened in 2007 station locations and diverts approxi- large item drop-off, household hazard- and expanded to a 14,000 sq ft former mately 50,000 kg (110,000 lbs) per year. ous waste (HHW) or e-waste drop-off. grocery store location in 2014. The The drop-off area is a simple three-sid- To supplement facilities or fairs, waste facility is used for education, volun- ed shelter to keep items covered from apps developed by municipalities can teer programs and can even be rented snow and rain inside a secure site. Resi- offer reuse options or connections to for birthday parties! In 2017 the site dents must show identification to drop charities that can also take some items.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 55 Lac St. Anne County Reuse area

Material-Specific Sharing and if you are concerned what hap- items they receive but won’t sell Repairing pens to the items after they leave and they would otherwise have to Other organizations may focus on your site. Do you care if it shows up pay for disposal. reuse of specific items such as textiles, online for sale? If so, you may need • Really big items such as pianos, bicycles, waste paint or craft items. The to consider limits to the number of boats and campers can be a City of Toronto supports reuse through items or trips per day to your site. problem to move as reuse or waste a variety of material-specific programs • Security – free stuff draws attention items. Be clear what you will and that also support community develop- after hours and may impact your will not accept. However, there ment and education programs. The site security. You may want to lock are moments of opportunity. At a Bicycle Repair Hub provides dedicated up the free stuff. large item drop-off site, a resident work space to train residents in bicycle wanted to drop off an upright repair, maintenance and safety. Other • Inspect carefully or do not accept piano and was discussing with programs include a sewing hub, urban cloth or fabric items that could staff; another resident overheard harvest and community composting. carry bed bugs. the discussion and claimed the Once you decide to start a reuse pro- • Electronic devices that may con- piano immediately. The resident gram you should consider the follow- tain personal information should sat on the piano for over four ing issues and options before you open be sent to a processor for destruc- hours to guard it while a friend the doors: tion of personal information or rented a truck to come back and recycling. pick it up. Thanks to good timing • Free vs. Charge for drop-off – facili- the equivalent of 18,000 cans was ties typically charge for waste and • Signage indicating that all items diverted from landfill. other items to be dropped off while are taken at your own risk and that recycling is free. Reuse items may items dropped off for reuse will However you choose to operate or fall into both categories and the be given away and not recycled or promote reuse in your area, you will see service you are offering is to get rid disposed. Some residents may be the benefits in your community and of the item either as a reuse item confused, and you will need to be might get a new piano in the process. or waste; either way the resident is clear what is happening with the I encourage you to check out the web- not leaving with it. Alternatively, items. sites of the communities mentioned if the item is clearly reusable and for more information on their facilities • Contact charities or social agencies will be picked up quickly, you can and programs. in your area to check what they always choose to waive the fee. are collecting and reduce overlap Trent Tompkins can be reached at (780) • Resale online or yard sales – your in items you accept. A free reuse 968-8888 or Trent.Tompkins@parkland- organization will need to evaluate program may help charities move county.com.

56 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net Olathe Solid Waste Division

Strategic planning for sustainable and stakeholder-supported waste systems

Karen Luken, CEO, Economic Environmental Solutions, Cincinnati, Ohio, and member, APWA Solid Waste Management Committee; Anastasia Welch, P.E., Vice President, SCS Engineers, Overland Park, Kansas

olid waste management is one of the few public The Olathe, Kansas, Solid Waste Division (Division) operates services that residents use every week and these as an enterprise fund and provides the following services to services often receive high customer approval rat- their customers: ings. However, customer perception of solid waste S services can quickly plummet if conditions unex- • Residential Trash and Bulk Waste Collection pectedly change. These changes could include dramatical- • Residential Curbside and Drop-Off Recycling ly increasing billing rates, closing solid waste facilities, or • Commercial Dumpster and Roll-Off Services creating or changing policies without sufficient outreach. • Commercial Recycling Avoiding unexpected changes is especially important if • Residential Yard Waste Curbside Collection the solid waste department or authority operates as an Additionally, the City also operates the following facilities: enterprise fund and rate increases require approval by • Yard Waste Composting Facility elected officials. • Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) and electronic An enterprise fund system places all solid waste system waste (E-Waste) Recycling and Reuse Center revenues in a fund dedicated to covering solid waste system • Transfer Station costs. Revenues may come from a variety of sources includ- The Division does not own or operate a landfill; instead, ing user fees, grants, the sale of recovered materials and they contract with the Johnson County Landfill (owned bonds, but the money is not a transfer from the govern- by Waste Management, Inc.) for waste disposal. Similar to ment’s general fund.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 57 Olathe Integrated Waste System

disposal, the Division contracts with private companies for Mr. Seyfried also saw the value of an independent third the processing of recyclables, HHW, and E-Waste. Because party to make sure the Plan was technically and financially the Division operates as an enterprise fund, they need to sustainable, and to foster an environment where Plan rec- plan for financing all operating, maintenance, and capital ommendations receive public and political support. After a improvement expenditures associated with providing these competitive procurement process, the Division contracted services and operating these facilities. with SCS Engineers, EESI and Shockey Consulting Services (Consulting Team) to assess the strengths and weaknesses of As with many other municipalities, the quality of Olathe’s the existing solid waste system, develop strategies that could solid waste services is highly regarded with 93% of Olathe be successfully implemented in the City of Olathe, and residents being satisfied or very satisfied and the vast major- determine when incoming material would exceed process- ity of commercial customers consider the Division’s services ing capacity at existing facilities. a good value. Also, the City has a 40% landfill diversion rate, which exceeds the national average of 34% and is the high- Understanding existing facility capacity was of particular est diversion rate in Johnson County, Kansas. importance in Olathe. Because of projected population growth and commercial development, the Division would The City of Olathe is the fastest growing municipality in need to identify areas to site a new transfer station or com- the Kansas City metro area, and Division Manager, Kent posting facility years before the facility reached processing Seyfried, recognized that increasing population; new, single capacity. Both facilities play a vital role in the Olathe solid and multi-family home developments; and growth in com- waste system. mercial establishments would require additional services, resources, and infrastructure to continue the same excellent Yard waste composting consistently accounts for at least level of service. Therefore, Mr. Seyfried pursued the develop- 65% of the total waste diversion efforts in the city and is ment of a long-term, solid waste management plan (Plan) to an extremely effective program. The Division’s yard waste address future waste management needs of the city, as well program captures more than 90% of the city’s yard waste for as optimize the performance and efficiency of existing waste processing and reuse, which exceeds the national average of 60%. Additionally, other City departments use the finished management services and facilities. compost and mulch in City projects, saving an estimated $130,000 per year.

58 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net When initiating the planning Ratio of Yard Waste to Total Diversion process, the initial concern was that a new compost facility might be necessary to accommodate the Olathe population growth. However, after the Consulting Team reviewed engineering studies, conducted site visits, and put pen to paper, it was concluded that the existing site could sufficiently process projected Olathe yard waste generation for at least 50 years by implementing a site reconfiguration, new equipment, and modified operations.

The Olathe Transfer Station provides the Division with flexibility when it comes to disposal options because once consolidated at the Transfer Station, the Division can dispose waste at any landfill in We have tangible pathways to the region. The Olathe Transfer Station also reduces vehicle maintenance and travel time since a round trip from Olathe environmental and financial to the Johnson County Landfill requires approximately one hour. Finally, the Olathe Transfer Station provides a local public sustainability for the next service to Olathe residents and businesses. Many residents use the Transfer Station because it is convenient to dispose of waste several decades. on their schedules, and they prefer to drive on paved surfaces, and operations that could be increasing costs and to ascer- which are not common at landfills. tain drivers’ perspectives on how to increase efficiency and Based on waste stream forecasting and an assessment of the reduce expenditures. The Division and Consulting Team composition of the waste delivery to the facility, the Con- then met with internal stakeholders, such as the Public sulting Team projected the Transfer Station facility would Works Director and City Manager, to develop strategies reach processing capacity at approximately 114,000 tons per to optimize performance and decrease costs. However, year, anticipated to occur in 2027. The Consulting Team also even with these improvements, the Division would need prepared a conceptual design showing that an onsite expan- to increase rates and City Council would need to approve sion of the Transfer Station could yield enough capacity to them. Therefore, the Consulting Team conducted focus process waste beyond 2064. The Division and Consulting groups with Division commercial customers to assess their Team collaborated to develop a schedule to fund, design, perception of the Division’s service and willingness to accept permit, and construct the expansion. a fee increase.

In addition to scheduling facility expansions, developing a While never a popular decision, the Division was able to Plan that would be a call to action rather than a report on present the process used for making this recommenda- a shelf was critical to the Division. Based on their previ- tion and the strategies to improve efficiency and minimize ous planning experience, the Consulting Team knew that expenditures. Also, the focus group participants indicated stakeholder engagement is essential for securing support for they valued the service and were likely willing to tolerate the the Plan’s recommendations, especially those involving rate proposed increase in fees. City Council approved the rate increases or service delivery changes. increase, and the Division did not lose a single customer.

Stakeholder engagement was of particular importance The long-term solid waste plan was a first for the City of when developing recommendations impacting the Divi- Olathe. Because of the planning process, the Division has sion’s commercial collection program. The Division com- a strategic approach and schedule for adding collection petes with private haulers for commercial waste customers, routes, increasing recycling, purchasing equipment, and and expenditures were exceeding revenues. Because of this expanding facilities. In addition, the Division has tangible financial situation, some City Council members ques- pathways to environmental and financial sustainability for tioned whether the Division should stay in the commercial the next several decades that are supported by their custom- waste collection business. ers and elected officials.

To assess the situation, the Consulting Team accompanied Karen Luken can be reached at [email protected]; Anasta- Division drivers to observe commercial route conditions sia Welch can be reached at [email protected].

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 59 Contamination in recycling material

Adapting to recycling challenges

f you have a recycling operation, 2018, Douglas County, Ore., suspended you are most likely in the midst of recycling of newspaper, plastic con- change. The old way of collecting tainers, plastic bottles, paper, com- and processing recyclable materials mingle, glass, and cardboard. The City I is no longer sustainable following of Deerfield Beach, Fla., suspended China’s waste import restrictions. Agen- recycling collection in July 2018 before cies are examining their operations and relaunching in September 2018 with Monica Bramble looking at the best options to mitigate a focus on eliminating contamination contamination and rising costs. and monitoring routes. Assistant Public Works Director City of North Port, Florida One approach, as some agencies have Returning to, or remaining with, dual- done, is to completely suspend recy- stream recycling collection is another Chair, APWA Solid Waste cling collection. Citing the extreme approach for agencies looking to Management Committee cost and lack of recycling markets, the collect cleaner recyclable materials. As City of Deltona, Fla., has temporarily single-stream systems are costing more, suspended their recycling program dual-stream collection limits contami- beginning February 1, 2019. In June nation since residents are required to

60 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net source separate materials, usually placing paper products in one container and commingled plastics, glass and metals in the other.

A few agencies that have reverted from single-stream to dual-stream recycling at the start of this year are the Ulster County Resource Recovery Agency, N.Y., and North Glengarry, Ontario. The City of Brookhaven, N.Y., returned to dual-stream collection but no longer accepts glass bottles and jars curbside, and in Troy, Mo., the switch back to dual-stream eliminated curbside pickup of glass, mixed paper and Load of fiber collected from a dual- cardboard. They joined a larger group stream collection operation of agencies that have either made the switch to, or chosen to stay with, dual- stream recycling collection. We will research, innovate and make The Solid Waste Authority of Palm adjustments that help make recycling more Beach County (SWA) has had a dual- stream recycling program since the late economically sustainable and provide 1980s and owns a Recovered Materials Processing Facility (RMPF) that has recyclables for the manufacturing world. been operating since 2009. The facility processes about 90,000 tons of material annually. A little more than four years residents. “In our new collection con- cling cart. Recycling Across America is ago the contamination rate on their tract that will start October 1, 2019, we implementing a society-wide stan- incoming material was estimated to be will require split-body rear load trucks dardized labeling system for recycling 20%, prompting SWA to begin watch- which we believe will help reduce con- bins and introducing a celebrity-led ing input at their transfer stations to tamination even further,” stated Puz. PSA campaign to help people begin to recycle right. Keep America Beauti- understand the contamination in Driver errors and truck issues can be ful has a variety of national programs greater detail. They then brought in identified and improved, but the big and initiatives to improve recycling the haulers to discuss their findings contributor to recycling contamina- by educating and engaging individu- and share that SWA would be more tion woes are the generators. Agencies als to recycle more of the right things critical and start calling incoming everywhere are stepping up public the right way. An internet search will loads contaminated if they did not educational efforts and using a whole bring up a treasure trove of additional meet specifications. Calling loads gar- new vernacular: Wish-cycling, getting organizations that can help you in your bage instead of recyclables would bring “Back to Basics” and “When in Doubt, recycling public education efforts. about a tipping fee cost, as there was Throw it Out,” all with the goal of get- no tipping fee for recyclables. Shortly ting non-recyclable materials out (e.g., As everyone works through the current thereafter, the contamination rate plastic bags, hoses, etc.) and making recycling situation, it is important to started to decline and now is estimated sure recyclable materials are prepared keep our focus on the benefits of recy- at 8-9%. the right way (e.g., rinsed, property cling and to recognize that the industry Willie Puz, Public Affairs and Recy- separated, etc.) has peaks and troughs. There are challenges and our recycling programs will cling Director with the Solid Waste Helping to ease public confusion about evolve and change. We will research, Authority of Palm Beach County, said recycling are a vast number of non- innovate and make adjustments that some of the contamination SWA was profit organizations with resources help make recycling more economically experiencing stemmed from collec- available for your agency. The Recy- sustainable and provide recyclables for tion worker error, some was from truck cling Partnership offers tools to help the manufacturing world. maintenance issues where materials communities address inbound curbside would get mixed either in the hopper recycled material quality, including the Monica Bramble can be reached at (941) or when the load was dumped at the “Oops” tags that alerted residents to 240-8060 or mbramble@cityofnorthport. transfer station, and some was from the items that did not belong in their recy- com.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 61 California is facing stringent new regulations for green waste and food waste diversion Lisa Ann Rapp, Director of Public Works, City of Lakewood, California, and APWA Director-at-Large, Environmental Management

alifornia is on the brink of adopting new statewide the State Air Resources Board with establishing regulations regulations that would require the diversion of that among other goals would reduce methane emissions by organic waste, including food waste, to achieve 40% below 2013 levels by 2030. ambitious goals for greenhouse gases, specifically C In September 2016, Governor Brown signed into law SB 1383 short-lived climate pollutant reductions. These regulations will affect all Californians—from businesses, (Lara, Chapter 395, Statutes of 2016) to reduce greenhouse industry, commerce to residences—likely at a substantially gas emissions. The new law requires that CalRecycle imple- increased cost. ment regulations to reduce organic waste disposal by 50 percent by 2020, and 75 percent by 2025 from the 2014 level. It California has long been on the forefront of environmental also requires that not less than 20 percent of edible food that regulations, and this commitment has continued through is currently disposed of is recovered for human consumption the years. In 1989, California adopted AB 939 requiring by 2025.1 Californians to increase recycling, reduce landfilling, and Why is there a push to recycle food waste? CalRecycle states achieve measurable reduction targets of 25% and 50% by that six million Californians are food-insecure. And from jurisdiction or face penalties and compliance orders. In the environmental viewpoint, methane generated from the 2006, the California Global Warming Solutions Act tasked decomposition of organic waste in landfills is a 20-times

62 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net CR&R’s Anaerobic Digestion Regional Organics Recycling Facility located in Perris, California

nesses, state entities, federal facilities and school districts), haulers, solid waste facilities and recyclers, food recovery organizations, and end-users of recycled organic products. Local governments will need to provide new levels of collection services, seek out new sources of organics recycling and processing, and edible food recovery capacity.

Local governments will be directly impacted through their responsibilities of overseeing local waste management. They will need to provide new levels of collection services, seek out new sources of organics recycling and processing, and edible food recovery capacity. There will also be new levels of state and local oversight required. The regulations will require a source-separated organics waste collection program. Mixed waste collection will be allowed only if mini- mum organic waste recovery standards are met. Local agencies will need to respond to complaints and refer generators Methane generated from the to CalRecycle for enforcement, and will have to monitor decomposition of organic waste haulers for compliance with regulatory standards. This new set of regulations will be different from the previ- in landfills is a 20-times stronger ous efforts, such as AB 939, the legislation that required implementation of recycling programs in the late 1990s, greenhouse gas than CO2. because there are no provisions for “good faith effort” findings. If CalRecycle finds that a jurisdiction is out of compliance with the regulations, they can set a timeline for achiev- stronger greenhouse gas than CO . Organic materials in the 2 ing compliance that avoids penalties. Out-of-compliance landfill include green waste, wood waste, fiber (paper and jurisdictions may also be subject to more-frequent inspec- cardboard), biosolids, and food materials. In 2016, Califor- tions, progressive compliance, or a probationary period for nians disposed of 22.9 million tons of organics statewide. To improved performance. The other major departure from AB reach the 50% and 75% reductions required in the legisla- 939 is the imposition of specific programs such as separated tion, the disposed tonnage would need to reduce to 11.5 and curbside collection, rather than locally designed programs 5.7 million tons, respectively. 5.7 million tons of organic intended to achieve a specific diversion goal, such as collect- disposal would become a hard cap, even as population con- ing mixed solid waste for processing at an MRF. tinues to increase. Los Angeles County Public Works Department recently held SB 1383 required a rulemaking process that began in 2017 a Solid Waste Summit for public works officials to dig into with informal rulemaking workshops. On January 18, 2019, the issues related to recycling and organics recycling. The CalRecycle began the formal rulemaking process with a experts presented on their understanding of the potential 45-day comment period ending on March 4, 2019 and plans regulations and the impacts to local government. Once the to adopt the regulations in 2019 to give regulated entities organic waste is collected, it requires processing; and CalRe- approximately three years to plan and implement necessary cycle stated that there are 14 operational digesters and 180 budgetary, contractual, and other programmatic changes. composting facilities operating in the state, but only 25 take The regulations are to take effect on January 1, 2022, when in food waste at this time. They estimate a need for 50-100 enforcement and penalties are set to begin. Many diverse new facilities to recycle organics in California, at a capital entities will be affected by the proposed regulations includ- investment of about $3 billion. Obviously, there will be ing cities and counties, local enforcement agencies, genera- intense challenges related to siting, permitting, and financ- tors (including single- and multi-family residential, busi- ing the needed processing facilities.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 63 Anaerobic compost, a digestion co-product, being loaded for transport

One example of a facility that can process the massive AB 1383 brings an end to the easy quantity of diverted organic material is CR&R’s Anaero- bic Digestion Regional Organics Recycling Facility. At the practice of landfilling green waste October Summit, CR&R’s Civil Engineer Mike Silva high- lighted his company’s effort to prepare for the coming wave and adds the complication of green waste and food waste. The facility, located in Perris, California, is designed and permitted to operate at 335,000 of food waste. tons per day and has taken 12 years to permit, design, build, and become fully operational. The facility presently serves rate green waste and food waste for collection. Many cities 52 cities, with 15 cities signed up for anaerobic digestion. have utilized a two- or three-cart system for years, landfill- The facility, built with Eisenmann technology, can accept ing chipped green waste for alternative daily cover. AB 1383 organic solid waste, liquid waste, and grease. The plant is ful- brings an end to the easy practice of landfilling green waste ly automated, operates 24/7 at 130 degrees, and the digester and adds the complication of food waste. Cities that have is insulated to prevent heat loss. Contamination must be employed mixed collection and MRFs for sorting may find sorted out prior to processing. The digestion process takes 15 the transition even more challenging. One thing is certain, days, generating carbon-friendly (CI Index 0.34) 90% clean Californians will see higher costs on their trash bills, and biogas (50% methane, 50% CO2) that is used it in CR&R’s will be faced with more complex rules when they fill up their collection trucks. The process also generates high-quality disposal/recycling containers. compost material sold at home improvement retail stores. For more information on the rulemaking process, please The first two phases of the project have cost about $55 mil- visit CalRecycle’s Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP): lion, with $10 million from the State of California and $45 Organic Waste Methane Emissions Reductions webpage: million self-financed. CR&R estimates that cities using this https://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/Laws/Rulemaking/SLCP/ plant experience an extra cost about $2.50 to 3.50 per home Lisa Ann Rapp can be reached at (562) 866-9771 or lrapp@ per month. lakewoodcity.org. As cities prepare for the coming regulations, they will need 1 From In the Loop, the California Department of Resources to decide how they will comply with the mandate to sepa- Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle) blog

64 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net PLASTIC rising to the top of local government concerns

Tim Goncharoff, Zero Waste Programs Manager Santa Cruz County, Santa Cruz, California

Scientists estimate that by 2050 there might be more plastic in our oceans than fish.

t was 52 years ago that a well-mean- has become ubiquitous in our lives. Since plastic products first came on ing neighbor urgently whispered But that popularity has come with a the scene in the 1950s, production “Plastics!” into Dustin Hoffman’s downside that is becoming ever-more has grown from zero to more than ear in The Graduate. That prophecy apparent to local governments across 300 million tons every year. Produc- I ers recently announced plans for new has been borne out, as the endlessly the United States. varied and malleable substance plants that would increase production another 40%.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 65 Captain Charles Moore discovered the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in 1997. “We need a global solution” to plastic pollution, he says. “International cooperation.”

Since plastic products first came on the scene “The Chinese waste import restrictions have disrupted recycling programs in the 1950s, production has grown from zero throughout the United States, and affected tens of millions of tons of to more than 300 million tons every year. scrap and recyclables since they were imposed,” said David Biderman, Execu- While many in the environmental manufacturers tout plastic’s recyclabil- tive Director, Solid Waste Association community have been ringing the ity, plastic recycling in the U.S. peaked of North America. “They are the most alarm about plastic for some time, pub- at about 9%, and is declining rapidly. important change to these programs in lic attention first focused on the issue Compare this to the approximately at least a decade.” with the discovery of the Great Pacific 70% recycling rates for products like Recyclers are doing their best to adjust. Garbage Patch by Captain Charles paper and cardboard, and it’s easy to Moore in 1997. understand why so much plastic has “The recycling market is changing, Research following Moore’s discovery ended up littering our landscape and and the industry continues to adjust to revealed giant plastic garbage patches waters, prompting calls for action and China’s restrictions on imported recy- in all of the Earth’s oceans. And they outright bans of many plastic products. clables,” says Darrell Smith, President, are not just floating on the surface. National Waste and Recycling Associa- China’s recent decision to turn away Plastic is found throughout the ocean from the recycling business has cre- water column, even in the deepest ated a severe disruption in the world Plastic is found ocean trenches. Plastic is so pervasive of global recycling. As much as 40% that some experts have predicted that throughout the ocean by 2050 there will be more plastic in of U.S. recyclables were shipped to the oceans than fish. China prior to the enactment of the Green Fence and National Sword water column, even in Some argue for better recycling pro- policies which have slowed that flow the deepest grams, but the recycling industry seems to a trickle. headed in the wrong direction. While ocean trenches. 66 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net Plastic washes up daily on the Kamilo Beach on the Big Island of Hawaii.

tion (NWRA). “Our members are mak- shifted that material to some of these ing significant investments in labor alternative markets.” A 2012 study and technology to reduce contamina- Smaller communities and waste haul- tion at facilities, as well as educating determined that ers are having a harder time adjusting. customers on smart recycling practices Rural and small-town residents are to reduce contamination in the recy- 90 west coast starting to get squeezed by a change cling stream.” that is wreaking havoc on the global communities spend Major recyclers have some advantages. recycling market. They can invest in more sorting equip- a total of more than Hannibal, Mo., has stopped accepting ment, new plants and more staff. They most recyclable plastics, such as yogurt can store materials while waiting for $520 million each year containers and shampoo bottles. Sac- market conditions to improve. And ramento, the capital of recycling leader to combat litter. they can chase an ever-shifting and California, is doing the same. And in more demanding market. Columbia County, N.Y., residents soon will have to pay $50 a year to dump Waste Management, the largest recy- “As of this year, we were notified that their materials at one of the county’s cling and solid waste company in the it was going to cost the city to process recycling centers. U.S., is a good example. recycling material,” spokesman Lee In a number of towns in Florida, city Lopez said. “Essentially, the material “While we’ve been shipping into officials have decided to end recycling wouldn’t go overseas. It would wind up China for years, we also have opened altogether. going to the landfill anyway.” Other up markets in other parts of South- cities are not far behind. east Asia, India, South America and A city spokesman in Deltona said the Europe,” said Brent Bell, a Waste Man- decision was made because of a drop “They’ve already been exploring this. agement vice president for recycling. in demand for raw recycled materials It’s just that the city decided to go “And so, when the Chinese started from overseas countries, which has led ahead and get it done,” Lopez said. restricting the imports, we quickly to increased costs.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 67 A&W Canada announced a move away from plastic with a sign made from their last 140,000 plastic straws.

have banned plastic cutlery. Berkeley Plastic straws' small size and weight mean just enacted a 25-cent fee on single-use cups. And more cities and counties are they slip though sorting machinery, making eyeing persistent sources of problems, from balloons that entangle power them hard to recycle. lines and choke sea turtles to plastic cigarette filters that clog storm drains. Recent revelations that microplastic The problems with the global recycling slip though sorting machinery, mak- fibers from clothing and other textiles market have added to longstanding ing them hard to recycle. And straws are pouring into our rivers, lakes and worries about plastic among local are one of the most frequently littered oceans are prompting efforts from governments across the United States. items. Cities from Seattle to Santa Cruz, manufacturers to find solutions and Coastal communities have been long Calif., have banned them outright. scrutiny from local governments of concerned. A 2012 study determined Companies from Starbucks to McDon- new filtering technologies to capture that 90 west coast communities spend alds have decided to begin phasing the tiny plastic particles. a total of more than $520 million each them out. A&W Canada has decided year to combat litter. The ubiquitous to drop them entirely. Susan Senecal, And public health officials have added plastic bag was an early target. There A&W Canada’s president and CEO their voices to the chorus of concern. are now statewide bans in Hawaii and said, “This decision shows our com- Studies have found plastic in many California, and hundreds of cities and mitment to continuously work toward samples of drinking water, beer, sea- counties across the U.S. have done the creating positive change within our food and even human stool samples. same. Styrofoam is close behind, with own organization.” A recent study from the University of bans from New York to Washington, Ghent determined that the average Despite the progress, the industry’s D.C. and Miami to San Diego. person who eats seafood consumes up plans to dramatically increase plastic to 11,000 pieces of plastic every year. Plastic straws have become a recent production have local governments Environmental filmmaker Sir David focus of plastic pollution concern. looking for more solutions. San Diego Attenborough shares the concern. Their small size and weight mean they recently joined the ranks of cities that

68 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net Despite the progress in banning some plastic, industry plans to dramatically increase plastic production have local governments looking for more solutions.

“We’ve seen albatrosses come back to feed their chicks with nothing in their bellies but plastic. It is one world. And umerous African nations have banned plastic bags, it’s in our care. For the first time in the Nincluding Kenya, Mauritania, Rwanda and Morocco. history of the Earth, one species has the future in the palms of its hands. We These children in Nigeria are prepared for the ban now must act now.” being considered there, with bags courtesy of Santa Cruz Tim Goncharoff can be reached at (831) County, California. 454-2970 or tim.goncharoff@santacruz- county.us.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 69 EDUCATION CALENDAR

For more information about these programs or to register online, visit www.apwa.net/Events. Program information will be updated as it becomes available. Questions? Call the Professional Development Department at 1-800-848-APWA.

2019

March 5-6 Certification Exam Dates (CSM, CPII, CPFP, CPWP-S, CPWP-M) March 12-14 Certification Exam Dates (CSM, CPII, CPFP, CPWP-S, CPWP-M)

March 14 Surviving the Chinese Sword CLICK, LISTEN & LEARN March 19-21 Certification Exam Dates (CSM, CPII, CPFP, CPWP-S, CPWP-M)

March 28 How to Deal with MIRE… What is Required by 2026 CLICK, LISTEN & LEARN April 11 Managing Change and Improvement with Technology Tools CLICK, LISTEN & LEARN April 9-11 Certification Exam Dates (CSM, CPII, CPFP, CPWP-S, CPWP-M) April 16-18 Certification Exam Dates (CSM, CPII, CPFP, CPWP-S, CPWP-M) April 25 Creating a Sustainable Circular Plan

CLICK, LISTEN & LEARN May 16 Talking Top Tech: Smart Cities Edition CLICK, LISTEN & LEARN May 19-22 2019 North American Snow Conference, Salt Lake City, UT May 23 Small Cell: A Municipal Perspective CLICK, LISTEN & LEARN June 20 Talking Top Tech: Cybersecurity Edition August 1 Talking Top Tech: Asset Management Technologies Edition September 8–11 2019 PWX, Seattle, WA

= Talking Top Tech = Web-based training

= Click, Listen & Learn program (Free to Members) CLICK, LISTEN & LEARN = Certification Exam

= Live Conference (Paid Registration)

APWA members may access past Click, Listen & Learn programs from the Members’ Library at no cost. Programs can be streamed to your computer via the link found in the library. If you have expertise that you would like to share, please use the online Call for Presentations form to describe your expertise and perspective on the topic. www.apwa.net/callforpresentations/

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unicipalities are frequently seeking the most cost- The BrineXtreme® Infinity™ integrated sensors maintain a perfect salinity ratio of 23.3% thereby reducing required efficient, environmentally manpower to operate the machine. M responsible method of snow and ice control every year. When completing winter maintenance, municipalities employ a suite of approaches customized to their local snow and ice control needs. This can include but is not limited to anti- icing, deicing, and sanding, as well as mechanical removal (e.g., snowplowing). Typically, the strategies employed by municipalities come with tradeoffs, and in light of these costs and benefits, it is helpful to assess and communicate how different strategies can produce the most cost-effective winter maintenance approach. The Use of Brine Pre- and post-storm treatments of brine or slurry (which requires brine) can reduce overall salt use, but often leave individuals seeking answers to the following questions: What is power required to run the system and salinity brine will raise the freezing the best way to produce brine? Is it save time in the process. point and could potentially ice down roads. Salinity levels that are too high complicated? Does it require special- The BrineXtreme® Infinity™ ized personnel? The answer is “not simply waste salt resources. Another One of the most common challenges necessarily.” Utilizing a system that challenge that many municipalities when producing brine is knowing how can automatically maintain the most face when producing bring is having to to achieve the proper salinity level. Low efficient salinity ratio will reduce man- produce brine in batches. “Batches” are

72 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net The new Pro Hitch is an adjustable, universal receiver that can be used short runs punctuated with periodic with three common connection styles: quick hitches, pin hitches of varying cleanouts. Frequent cleanouts lead to widths, and pin & loop hitches. increased labor requirements and brine production downtime, resulting in higher costs and the inability to maintain a production output that can keep up with demand.

Henderson Products has a solution that can meet these demands with an integrated, automatic brine maker that continuously produces brine up to 10,000 gallons/hour: the BrineXtreme® Infinity™. Integrated sensors maintain a perfect salinity ratio of 23.3% thereby reducing required manpower to operate the machine. This salinity level provides the lowest freezing point Simplifying Winter Road Maintenance of -6°F to prevent icing of roadways. Auto-Clean Technology™ provides the answer to the inevitable undissolved solids issue. Waste is continuously removed automatically through a At Henderson, we’re working hard to keep patented auger system in conjunction with programmed fresh water flush. America’s roads safe. Clean-out downtime is eliminated and the required manpower to operate angle changes. Maintaining a favor- brackets, and reinserting the pins. Not the machine is further limited. Two able attack angle enhances snow and only will you get more miles from your different grades of control systems are ice removal performance and pro- cutting edges, you will remove more available. The Pro controls integrate vides longer cutting edge wear life. snow with each pass. The Pro Hitch is for a simple brine production unit. The And because gravel surfaces typically built to last with powder-coated steel Ultimate controls make a complete clear better at a 55° attack angle while with stainless steel shafts and bushings brine production system that can man- paved surfaces clear better at a 70° to prevent wear and corrosion. attack angle, the ability to quickly age brine tanks, load trucks and blend So you may be asking yourself, where adjust the hitch height to change the up to four additives and three micro can these products be found? Is there attack angle would be a real benefit. ingredients for custom brine blends. a single source for all truck equipment Programming of the control units are The Pro Hitch needs? done at the factory so operators can Henderson Products has the solution Truck Installation/Upfit Solutions quickly produce brine and get back to to these challenges. The new Pro Hitch Henderson Products can be found in their trucks. is an adjustable, universal receiver six locations, with factory knowledge that can be used with three common The Use of Snowplows and support, across the snowbelt states connection styles: quick hitches, pin Many municipalities would benefit of Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Ohio, New hitches of varying widths, and pin from having their plow trucks work York and New Jersey. Ready to upfit any & loop hitches. The modular design with multiple plow styles to fully OEM chassis, Henderson manufactures allows these hitch styles to be used utilize current equipment resources and installs a complete line of snow interchangeably. This patent pend- or because road conditions demand and ice control products, from front ing receiver/coupler system offers a it. Current hitches are compatible snowplows and wing plows, underbody single-solution for fleets operating with with only a single hitch style, and scrapers, dump bodies, combination multiple plows. Height adjustability, earmarking certain plow trucks to bodies, V-box and tailgate spreaders, in one-inch increments, compensates certain roads can become a logistics liquid anti-icing and deicing systems, for cutting edge wear and differing nightmare when a storm hits. Another pre-wet systems, liquid application plowing conditions by simply pulling challenge operators face is that as the systems and more. Combined with a the pins, moving the corresponding plow’s cutting edge wears, the attack complement of independent dealers,

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 73 Henderson manufactures and installs a complete line of snow and ice control products, from front snowplows and wing plows, underbody scrapers, dump bodies, combination bodies, V-box and tailgate spreaders, liquid anti-icing and deicing systems, pre- wet systems, liquid application systems and more.

Henderson provides complete coverage serviceability and further reduces stock trucks in common configurations of the USA and Canada markets. downtime. Parts and factory tech sup- with immediate availability. Munici- port are available at any Henderson palities can quote and purchase on Henderson and its distributors take and Henderson distributor location for same fiscal year into the last month of pride in high-quality installation work- increased uptime and service. Many the fiscal year. manship. A tidy installation improves locations have completed, turnkey And what about procurement? Can this process be simplified also?

All Henderson products are available through two Sourcewell nationwide contracts. Sourcewell is free to join. There is no obligation to purchase whatsoever. Custom REPRINts Save time and money by purchasing from Sourcewell’s ready-to-use, competi- tively solicited cooperative contracts.

Henderson carries all-inclusive turnkey RepRints aRe ideal foR: truck packages or individual equip- n New Product Announcements ment pieces under the contracts. Pric- n Sales Aid For Your Field Force ing includes equipment, hydraulics, n PR Materials & Media Kits installation, and delivery. There are no n Direct Mail Enclosures hidden charges. n Customer & Prospect Presentations At Henderson, we’re working hard to n Trade Shows/Promotional Events keep America’s roads safe. n Conferences & Speaking Engagements use this logo on white orCall lighter 800-359-4970 or visit www.hender- n Recruitment & Training Packages backgrounds sonproducts.com to learn more about the For additional information, please contact Foster Printing Service, the official BrineXtreme Infinity, Pro Hitch, Source- reprint provider for APWA Reporter. well and more. From innovative, quality equipment to expert installations and procurement, when it comes to solving snow Call 866.879.9144 or use this logo on blackand or darker ice control needs, we’re known as The backgrounds. The Printing [email protected] Service is in white. Dependable Ones.

74 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net

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Products in the News

BLACK-MAX™: and commercial machinery. The structure lacks obstructive Stops rust internal support posts and is easily customized and sepa- dead in its rated into individual bays for convenience. The ClearSpan tracks! Commodity HD Building features a 50-year warranty on the BLACK-MAX™ triple-galvanized steel frame, which is built to withstand salt Cathodic Rust corrosion, and a 20-year warranty on the rip-stop fabric cover. Arrester is an For more information, visit www.clearspan.com or call 1-866- environmentally 643-1010 to speak with a ClearSpan Truss Arch Specialist. responsible alternative to hazardous sandblasting and repainting of rusty surfaces. Simply brush, spray or roll BLACK-MAX™ onto a rusty surface and its co-polymer technology will transform the existing rust into a black polymer coating. This coating stops the rusting process completely and creates a beautiful black surface that you can leave unfinished or paint over, it’s up to you. No rust bleed-through! For more information, call RHOMAR at (800) 688-6221.

Winter Equipment announces Modular Skid Shoe Assembly Winter Equipment, an established name in the municipal snow and ice management industry, has announced two skid shoe assemblies for Arctic® and ProTech® pusher box plows, bringing cutting-edge innovations and performance to this increasingly popular style of plow. The systems’ innovative modular skid shoes, which are Carbide Matrix™ based, can be adjusted, rotated or reversed independently because of their modular nature. This dramatically increases ClearSpan provides unique design for aggregate efficiency and reduces downtime, while still providing storage superior performance on rough surfaces. For more infor- The ClearSpan Commodity HD Building simplifies sand mation on Winter Equipment and its products, visit www. and salt storage with an open side along the length of the winterequipment.com or call 1-800-294-6837. building, allowing simultaneous access for workers, vehicles

76 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net in unrealized potential and a compromised infrastructure. Does this sound familiar? Stantec has the environmental, planning, and engineering expertise to design needed improvements, and the company has a team of funding experts who successfully secure grants to help bring needed infrastructure projects from concept to construction. Cities are stretching their budgets to accommodate basic needs; Stantec researches, analyzes, and secures outside funding to move projects forward. For more information, visit www. stantec.com or call (320) 529-4370. Substrata: Solutions Powered by Enzymes Buyers Products introduces new line of SaltDogg® Perma-Zyme is a unique Anti-Ice Equipment enzymatic compound that hardens soil—in an environ- Buyers Products, a leading manufacturer of work truck mentally conscious manner—to a concrete-like surface equipment, introduces a new line of SaltDogg Anti-Ice designed for soil stabilization, roadway construction and Systems for commercial and municipal use. Buyers has water lining applications. It creates a bond, which allows more than 20 of the most common configurations in stock surfaces a 12-year lifespan, using catalytic bonding to stabi- and ready to ship. Powerful, municipal-focused hydraulic lize clay particles and produce high-density dirt road surfac- systems provide the capacity, high flow rate (up to 235 gal- es or a strong foundation for traditional road construction at lons per minute), and multi-lane spray options required for a fraction of traditional construction costs. Perma-Zyme is streets and highways. Buyers offers two 1,065-gallon options non-toxic, organic and 100 percent natural. For more infor- (Buyers # 6192715 and 6192716) that can tackle most mation, please visit www.substrata.us or (702) 825-5200. municipal jobs. For more information, visit www.buyersproducts.com. Hot Shot’s Secret Diesel Winter Rescue Hot Shot’s Secret Diesel Winter Rescue is the ideal emergency product for cold weather conditions. This product reliquifies gelled fuel and deices frozen fuel filters to restore fuel flow. Developed with a military grade deicer, Diesel Winter Rescue disperses moisture throughout the fuel system—tank, lines, pumps and filters—to return vehicles to their normal operation making it the ideal emergency product to keep on hand during winter months. Safe and GO4 XTR: Street Legal Nimble Refuse Hauler effective for all biodiesel blends, it is recommended for all The GO4 XTR Hydraulic Refuse Hauler is available in a diesel engines and is formulated with a protective lubricity 45-mpg gas model utilizing our 66 h.p., liquid cooled, 3-cyl- additive to prevent premature component failure caused by inder, overhead cam 4-cycle, electronically fuel injected with ULSD fuel. For more information, please visit www.hotshot- 4-speed automatic transmission. (We have capabilities to uti- secret.com or call 1-800-341-6516. lize our 100-mile EV platform depending on demand.) The vehicle is street legal in all states with a 1000-lb payload and Stantec: Designing 1.75 cu. yard capacity. This is the most nimble refuse hauler with community in on the market and is the ideal vehicle for refuse collections. mind The vehicle is the perfect size with remarkable maneuver- Picture Anytown, USA. ability, payload, safety and performance. For more infor- A lack of funding is preventing the community from mov- mation, visit www.westwardindustries.com, e-mail info@ ing forward with much-needed improvements, resulting westwardindustries.com, or call (201) 594-4100.

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 77 PROFESSIONAL DIRECTORY POT HOLE PROBLEMS? KEEP YOUR SAND AND SALT COVERED WITH A Trial Offer CLEARSPAN STRUCTURE transpo.com/bondade ® Cost Saving 85:1 BONDADE Revolutionary Ice-Breaking & Snow-Removal Improve Bond with No Mess, No Smell Systems For nearly 40 years Clearspan FabriC struCtures has been covering sand and salt Call: 800-321-7870 with structural solutions that protect and provide Email: [email protected] East Coast : 1-(207)-432-5056 easy access. West Coast: 1-(775)-303-0034 Visit www.Clearspan.Com www.snowlionamerica.com or call 1.866.643.1010

Stop, Drop and Load® Load faster and more efficiently with a Lo Riser Inclining Platform Trailer. A flip of a switch hydraulically lowers the deck to ground height providing smooth, drive-on access. The 4° load angle then allows equipment with as little as a 1/2 inch ground clearance to easily drive up the built-in ramp. But there's more... • Models with GVWR of 8,500, 13,500, 15,500, 17,650 & 19,725 lbs • 4 to 1 Payload to Weight Ratio • High Strength Steel Construction Call 800-369-5365 for Information! • Dust C ontrol www.advancemetalworking.com Advertise in the Reporter • De-I cing Call Fox Associates at 4 Degree *shown with optional paint color Load Angle • F ull depth Reclamation ® Manufactured by: (312) 644-3888 Inclining Platform Trailers - Stop, Drop and Load The Advance Metalworking Company, Inc. • Water Treatment ®

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78 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net Easi-Set Buildings APWA db. sq. marketplace ad 2016.indd12/4/2015 1 11:00:51 AM DEPEND on aBIG DOGG

SNOWDOGG® MUNICIPAL PLOWS 31, 36, or 42 inch cartegraph.com/APWA

Automate Storeroom Need a Muni Spreader? AVAILABLE OPTIONS Functionality 304 STAINLESS STEEL WHY WAIT? Real-Time Inventory Visibility TUFF-KOTE™ EXTENDS THE LIFE OF YOUR PLOW Prioritize Worker Tasks LEARN MORE AT BUYERSPRODUCTS.COM Automate Labor Tracking GET Bar Code Scanning or RFID DELIVERY IN 7-30 Grounds DAYS! keeping made www.radley.com easy with 1803 SW Jefferson St. best in class Lee’s Summit, MO 64063 specialty turf www.billygoat.com equipment from Billy Goat! LEARN MORE AT BUYERSPRODUCTS.COM

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DON’T MISS THIS CHANCE…

TO GET IN THE APWA REPORTER'S Annual Buyer's Guide and Facilities & Grounds ISSUE

The deadline to reserve your space is March 8

By advertising in the APWA Reporter, news of your equipment, product or service will be sent to more than 30,000 APWA members, most of whom are key decision makers in their agencies. So, don’t miss this opportunity to advertise in the April “Buyer’s Guide” issue, which will give you a direct contact with the leaders in the industry. In addition, the April issue is our annual “Facilities & Grounds” issue, and our members will be looking to the issue for information on facility maintenance, grounds management and urban forestry.

The materials are due by March 12 Call Fox Associates at (312) 644-3888

www.apwa.net / March 2019 / APWA Reporter 79 WORLD OF PUBLIC WORKS CALENDAR

UPCOMING APWA EVENTS National Public Works Week: May 19 – 25, 2019 Always the third full week in May. For more information, PWX contact David Dancy at (800) 848-APWA or send e-mail to 2019 Sept. 8–11 Seattle, WA [email protected]. 2020 Aug. 30-Sept. 2 New Orleans, LA North American Snow Conference 2019 May 19-22 Salt Lake City, UT 2021 Aug. 29-Sept. 1 St. Louis, MO For more information, contact Brenda Shaver at For more information, contact David Dancy at (800) 848-APWA or send e-mail to [email protected]. (800) 848-APWA or send e-mail to [email protected].

MARCH 2019 APRIL 2019 5-8 The Work Truck Show, Indianapolis, IN, www. 3-5 American Institute of Steel Construction, NASCC: worktruckshow.com The Steel Conference, St. Louis, MO, www.aisc.org 8-12 American Society for Public Administration, 2019 11 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “Managing Change Annual Conference, Washington, DC, www. and Improvement with Technology Tools,” (800) aspanet.org 848-APWA, www.apwa.net 10-13 National League of Cities, Congressional City 13-16 American Planning Association, 2019 National Conference, Washington, DC, www.nlc.org Planning Conference, San Francisco, CA, www. planning.org/conference 14 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “Surviving the Chinese Sword,” (800) 848-APWA, www.apwa.net 14-18 National Association of County Engineers, Annual Meeting/Management & Technical Conference, 26-28 Common Ground Alliance, 2019 CGA 811 Wichita, KS, www.naceevents.org Excavation Safety Conference & Expo, Tampa, FL, 25 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “Creating a www.cgaconference.com Sustainable Circular Plan,” (800) 848-APWA, www. 28 APWA Click, Listen & Learn, “How to Deal with apwa.net MIRE… What is Required by 2026,” (800) 848- 25-26 Geospatial Information & Technology Association, APWA, www.apwa.net Energis Conference, Canonsburg, PA, www.gita. 31-4/2 International Bridge, Tunnel & Turnpike org Association, Annual Technology Summit, Orlando, 30-5/2 AUVSI Xponential: All Things Unmanned, Chicago, FL, www.ibtta.org IL, www.xponential.org

INDEX OF ADVERTISERS When you contact an advertiser regarding a product, please tell them you saw their ad in the APWA Reporter. Thanks! – The Editor Legend: IFC = Inside Front Cover; IBC = Inside Back Cover; BC = Back Cover

Advance Metalworking Co., Inc., p. 78 HD Industries, p. 29 Sandhills Publishing, p. 23 www.advancemetalworking.com www.pro-patch.com www.AuctionTime.com

Billy Goat Industries, pp. 47, 79 HKS, p. 78 Snow Lion, North America, p. 78 www.billygoat.com www.HKSINC.com www.snowlionamerica.com

Buyers Products, p. 79 KM International, p. 43 Sternberg Lighting, p. 78 www.buyersproducts.com www.kminternational.com www.sternberglighting.com

Camosy Construction, p. 79 Olsson Associates, p. 39 Transpo Industries, Inc., p. 78 www.camosy.com www.olsson.com www.transpo.com

Cartegraph, p. 79 Precision Concrete Cutting, p. 78 TYMCO International LTD, p. 34 www.cartegraph.com www.SafeSidewalks.com www.tymco.com

ClearSpan Fabric Structures, pp. 5, 78 RADLEY Corporation, p. 79 U.S. Chlorides, p. 78 www.ClearSpan.com/ADAPWA www.radley.com [email protected]

Easi-Set Buildings, p. 78 RHOMAR Industries, Inc., pp. 45, 79 www.easisetbuildings.com www.rhomar.com

80 APWA Reporter / March 2019 / www.apwa.net THE FUTURE PATH OF… Public Works Professionals is now in FOCUS!

To get eligibility requirements, costs, applications and other information visit the APWA is excited to announce the new certification webpage at: Certified Public Works Professional program! www.apwa.net The Certified Public Works Professional (CPWP) designation has two levels: Supervision Level (CPWP-S) • Management Level (CPWP-M) •

The Certified Public Works Professional- Supervision (CPWP-S) recognizes individuals in the public works field who have the knowledge and experience to become supervisors in a public works organization. It is targeted to front-line employees, first-line supervisors and crew leaders, or others who wish to advance.

The Certified Public Works Professional- Management (CPWP-M) recognizes individuals in the public works field who have the knowledge and experience to manage organizations within a public works department. It is targeted to current supervisors who desire to move to management positions, mid-level managers and superintendents who wish to advance. NORTH AMERICAN SNOW CONFERENCE 2019 SALT LAKE CITY, UT MAY 19-22

REGISTRATION NOW OPEN! For more information visit: snow.apwa.net

SHOWFOR SNOW