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RAIL REPAIR in BOSNIA by Major Gcncrcrl Rohert B

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RAIL REPAIR in BOSNIA by Major Gcncrcrl Rohert B RAIL REPAIR IN BOSNIA By Major Gcncrcrl Rohert B. Flowers Conzmarzdant, U.S. Army Engirzeer School NFORCE was a great success this year, with the Next, I invite you all to a conference this fall that will be Engineer Tattoo being one of the most memorable just as rewarding as ENFORCE. A mine warfare symposium Ehighlights in an event-filled week. I want to thank sponsored by the Association of the United States Army everyone for their long hours and hard work and for paying (AUSA) will be held at Southwest Missouri State University attention to the small details to ensure everything went [SMSU] in Springfield and at Fort Leonard Wood. The smoothly. I am proud that Fort Leonard Wood was able purpose of the conference is twofold: to showcase how the again to shine and demonstrate that it is one of the Army's United States is leading the international effort to demine the premier installations. (See article, page 13.) A job well done world; and then, after an introduction to our current mine by all. doctrine, to conduct a live-fire demonstration of two self- During his speech at ENFORCE, LTG Ballard destructing [SD] mine systems. Final dates and details will announced the new regimental vision encompassing the follow. entire corps and stressed the importance of everyone The first day, at SMSU, will include a series of participating in the process to develop a truly comprehensive lectures and displays. Presentations will cover the vision. I echo our chiefs comments and expect everyone to spectrum of the entire landmine debate, from official get involved: read the vision, think about it, and provide policy and training of deminers to treating and feedback. The future of our Corps and its mission in service rehabilitating mine victims. The capstone for the day will to the nation lie in the balance. So, take the time and become be a mediated panel discussion representing all views on part of the future. The easiest way to do this is from the the use and utility of mines today and in the future. USAEC home page at www.wood.army.mil. Use the hotlink Topics to be debated will include the defense of our ally, and go directly to the regimental vision to read and comment the Republic of Korea; the responsible use and need of about the work to date. The candidate vision statement is: tactical SD mine systems; and feasible courses of action to eliminate the suffering caused by mines already in the The Engineer Regiment: ground. In preparation, 1 recommend reading an excellent w The World's premier engineering organization article from the May 1998 issue of Proceedings titled Our vision must encompass all members of the regiment "Landmines, Lies and Other Phenomena," by MG [R] J. (active and reserve, officer and enlisted, DA civilian and D. Lynch, U.S. Marine Corps. contractor, associations and retirees). The next day, at Fort Leonard Wood, will center on the live fire of two SD mine systems, the Volcano and the w FuU-spectrum engineer force Modular Pack Mine System (MOPMS). Following an We must be capable of meeting future engineering tasks introduction to their current tactical uses, both will be across all conditions of peacetime and wartime. deployed. After the mine systems self-destruct, refreshments Vital member of Army and Joint Teams will be served downrange to clearly demonstrate the The regiment is successful only if those we support weapons' reliability. This is a unique training opportunity to recognize that we are integral to their mission success. see firsthand weapon systems used exclusively in tactical situations in high-intensity conflicts. We have already Values-based, respected, responsive, reliable received inquiries from combat leaders who wish to see this In all we do, we must embody Army values and the demonstration, and I hope to also see many from the Essayons spirit. Engineer Regiment. Meeting tomorrow's challenges-relevant to our I have been your commandant for the last year and every National Military Strategy day just gets better. From our dedicated civilian work force Throughout our history Army engineers have responded to the high quality of new soldiers entering the Army here, I to the changing needs of the nation. We must continue this am very impressed and pleased. Whether active, reserve, proud heritage by ensuring our regiment is fully engaged in national guard, civilian, or retired, we have the best proactively changing for the future. personnel here at Fort Leonard Wood. G- July 1998 Headquarters, Department of the Army Volume 28 PB 5-98-3 UNITED STATES ARMY ENGINEER CENTER AND FEATURES FORT LEONARD WOOD 2 NATO Rail Operations in the Balkans By Lieutenant Colonel Christopher J. Toomey COMMANDEWCOMMANDANT 7 Planning Engineer Support for a MOUT Attack Major General Robert B. Flowers By Captain John C. DeJarnette 13 ENFORCE Breakout Session Summaries MANAGING EDITOR By Lieutenant Colonel Susan Myers and the ENFORCE Team Catherine Eubanks 21 Standardized Training Using Engineer Qualification Tables FEATURES EDITOR By Sergeant First Class Russell Marth Shirley Bridges 22 Commissioned Officer Development and Career GRAPHIC DESIGNER Management: Engineer Chapter of DA Pam 600-3 Revised Jennifer Morgan By Major David Hartley and Captain Aaron Walter 24 Who Are Engineer Warrant Officers? By CW4 Clinton Parker, CW4 Fred Tressler, and CW4 Gilbert Rios By Order of the Secretary of the Army: 32 Sidewinder Team Situation Report DENNIS J. REIMER By Lieutenant Colonel Richard Graves General, United States Army 36 Improving Digitized Engineer Communications Chief of Staff By Captain Daniel R. Smith 40 Engineer Support to Engagement Area Development Official: By Major Kenneth J. Crawford 46 The Command Post SOP: A Blueprint for Success By Captain Eric R. Price and Captain Jay A. Hedstrom JOEL B. HUDSON 49 The Origins of Military Mines: Part 1 Administrative Assistant to the By Major William C. Schneck Secretary of the Army 04795 DEPARTMENTS Front Cover: Destroyed railroad bridge at Inside front cover: Clear the Way Brcko, Bosnia (see article on page 2.) 12 Letter to the Editor 34 Engineer Safety 26 CTC Notes 39 PERSCOM Notes Back Cover: A historical example of the Army 31 Maneuver Support Battle 56 Engineer Update value "Duty." Lab News ENGINEER (ISSN 0046-19890) is prepared quarterly by the U.S. Army Engineer within their areas of expertise for the purpose of enhancing their professional School, 320 Engineer Loop, Suite 370. Fort Leonard Wood, MO 65473-8929. Second development. Views expressed are those of the author and not those of the Class postage is paid at Fort Leonard Wood. MO, and additional mailing offices. Department of Defense or its elements. The contents do not necessarily reflect official U.S. Army positions and do not change or supersede information in other U.S. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to ENGINEER Magazine. 320 Engineer Army publications. Use of news items constitutes neither affirmation of their accuracy Loop. Suite 370. Fort Leonard Wood. MO 65473-8929. nor product endorsement. ENGINEER reserves the right to edit material. CORRESPONDENCE, letters to the editor, manuscripts, photographs, official CONTENT is not copyrighted. Material may be reprinted if credit is given to unit requests to receive copies, and unit address changes should be sent to ENGINEER and the author. ENGINEER at the preceding address. Telephone: (573) 563-4104. DSN 676-4104. ENGINEER'S e-mail address is: [email protected] Internet home page OFFICIAL DISTRIBUTION is targeted to all engineer and engineer-related units. is located at: hnp://www.wood.army.millENGRMAG/emag_hp.htm. PERSONAL SUBSCRIPTIONS are available by contacting the Superintendent of DISCLAIMER: ENGINEER presents professional information designed to keep Documents. P.O. Box 371954, Pinsburgh, PA 15250-7950. Address changes for personal U.S. military and civilian engineers informed of current and emerging developments subscriptions should also be sent lo the Superintendent of Documents. July 1998 Engineer I NATO Rail Operations in the Balkans By Lieutenant Colorzel Christopher J. Toomey Bgmi@=~-- Bgmi@=~-- "re will take measures to repair and inlprove the road and rail infrastructure of the area in order to jacilitate movenlents fbm east to rvest and north to south." Carl Bildt U.N. High Representative 14 February 1997 hen the NATO Implementation Force (IFOR) deployed to Bosnia in 1996 to enforce the military provisions of the Dayton Accords and ensure peace and stability, it found a rail system in total disarray. The devastating civil war from 1990 to 1994 resulted in serious damage to the rail systems in both Bosnia and Croatia: lines were torn apart, blown up, or mined. Embankments were used as field fortifications and became inundated with bunkers. Wooden sleepers (pieces of timber used to keep steel rails in place) were burned for fuel or used in constn~ction,as were tons of ballast. Bridges were destroyed and approaches mined. Telecom- munications systems, rail stations, and rolling stock-the trains-became casualties of the conflict. More than 75 percent of the locomotives in the region were destroyed, and the traffic loss was immense. In 1996, passenger rail traffic was estimated at 10 percent of the 1989 lcvel, and freight traffic was at 15 percent of the prewar level. This article examines the efforts by both IFOR and Stabilization Force (SFOR) engineers, working in con- junction with the international community, to rejuvenate the Balkan rail system. The primary office responsible for theater-level engineer planning, the Combined Joint Engineer (CJENGR), is headquartered in Sarajevo. To influence the rebuilding of the rail system, CJENGR accepted four major tasks: . Serve as technical advisor to the command and civilian organizations. Develop policies and implement programs to translate the commander's intent into concrete action.
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