Bengali Theatre Overview: India Utpal K Banerjee 3 Bengali Theatre Overview: Bangladesh Mumtajuddin Ahmed 9

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Bengali Theatre Overview: India Utpal K Banerjee 3 Bengali Theatre Overview: Bangladesh Mumtajuddin Ahmed 9 CONTENTS I—PROLOGUE 1 Bengali Theatre Overview: India Utpal K Banerjee 3 Bengali Theatre Overview: Bangladesh Mumtajuddin Ahmed 9 II—BENGALI THEATRE: LEGACY 19 My Statement Binodini Dasi 21 Golapsundari: The First Actress Debashis Roy Chowdhury 29 Rakhaldas Banerjee: Pioneer Theatre Critic Durga Dutta 33 Girish Chandra Ghosh: Actor and Playwright Samik Bandyopadhyay 37 Girish Chandra and Mythical Plays Samik Bandyopadhyay 41 Views of Sisir Kumar on Theatre Debnarayan Gupta 45 HI—BENGALI THEATRE: EVOLUTION 47 Old Calcutta's English Theatres Kironmoy Raha 49 Nabanna' and Mainstream Theatre Kumar Roy 54 The Theatre of the Post-Thirties Purabi Mukherjee 63 Proscenium Theatre of Bangladesh Ramendu Majumder 65 Changing Role of Theatre in Society Rustam Barucha 72 Evolution Behind the Theatre Curtain Suresh Dutta 78 IV—BENGALI THEATRE: PLURALITY 83 Innovation and Experimentation in Theatre Utpal Dutt 85 Bengali Theatre: The Folk and The Foreign Bibhas Chakraborty 92 The Hijack of Yatra Rudraprasad Sengupta 96 My Narrative Theatre Saoli Mitra 102 Theatre of Politics, Protest and Commitment Bishnupriya Pal 109 Commercial Stage and Group Theatre: Similarities and Contrasts Meghnad Bhattacharjee 120 Bengali Puppet Theatre Sampa Ghosh 125 V—BENGALI THEATRE: EXPRESSION 133 The Sailboat of Fantacy Shyamal Ghosh 135 The Actress: Down the Ages Shova Sen 139 Acting in Multiple Media Mohammad Zakaria 143 Acting and Transcendental Time Debashis Majumdar 147 Advent of New Playwrights Manoj Mitra 153 Terms of Our Art-Form Khaled Choudhury 158 A Tradition of Stagecraft Durga Dutta 170 The Luminous Beginning Tapas Sen 172 VI—INTERACTIONS WITH BENGALI THEATRE 181 The Expanded Theatre Mrinal Sen 183 Bengali Theatre: Persons and Performances J.N. Kaushal 187 Documentation and Presentation in Bengali Theatre Pratibha Agrawal 191 Urban Theatre: From Roots to Avant Garde Rita Ganguly 196 Viewing Bengali Theatre Nemichand Jain 209 VII—INDIAN THEATRE PANORAMA 213 Towards a More Popular Theatre Bhisham Sahni 215 Indian Theatre-ln Search of Identity Ratan Thiyam 220 My Theatre Eduction Vijay Tendulkar 226 Experimentation and Innovation in Indian Theatre Mohan Maharishi 239 Shifting Boundaries in Theatre Rustam Barucha 245 Indian Theatre Movement as I See It Panna Bharat Ram 249 VIII—EPILOGUE 255 A. A Chronological History of Major Bengali Theatre-Events: Calcutta and Dhaka 257 B. A Contemporary Directory of Major Theatre-Persons and Theatre-Groups: West Bengal and Bangladesh 266 INDEX 281.
Recommended publications
  • ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL Millenniumpost.In
    ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL millenniumpost.in pages millenniumpost NO HALF TRUTHS th28 NEW DELHI & KOLKATA | MAY 2018 Contents “Dharma and Dhamma have come home to the sacred soil of 63 Simplifying Doing Trade this ancient land of faith, wisdom and enlightenment” Narendra Modi's Compelling Narrative 5 Honourable President Ram Nath Kovind gave this inaugural address at the International Conference on Delineating Development: 6 The Bengal Model State and Social Order in Dharma-Dhamma Traditions, on January 11, 2018, at Nalanda University, highlighting India’s historical commitment to ethical development, intellectual enrichment & self-reformation 8 Media: Varying Contours How Central Banks Fail am happy to be here for 10 the inauguration of the International Conference Unmistakable Areas of on State and Social Order 12 Hope & Despair in IDharma-Dhamma Traditions being organised by the Nalanda University in partnership with the Vietnam The Universal Religion Buddhist University, India Foundation, 14 of Swami Vivekananda and the Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India. In particular, Ethical Healthcare: A I must welcome the international scholars and delegates, from 11 16 Collective Responsibility countries, who have arrived here for this conference. Idea of India I understand this is the fourth 17 International Dharma-Dhamma Conference but the first to be hosted An Indian Summer by Nalanda University and in the state 18 for Indian Art of Bihar. In a sense, the twin traditions of Dharma and Dhamma have come home. They have come home to the PMUY: Enlightening sacred soil of this ancient land of faith, 21 Rural Lives wisdom and enlightenment – this land of Lord Buddha.
    [Show full text]
  • Program and Abstracts
    Indian Council for Cultural Relations. Consulate General of India in St.Petersburg Russian Academy of Sciences, St.Petersburg scientific center, United Council for Humanities and Social Sciences. Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) RAS. Institute of Oriental Manuscripts RAS. Oriental faculty, St.Petersburg State University. St.Petersburg Association for International cooperation GERASIM LEBEDEV (1749-1817) AND THE DAWN OF INDIAN NATIONAL RENAISSANCE Program and Abstracts Saint-Petersburg, October 25-27, 2018 Индийский совет по культурным связям. Генеральное консульство Индии в Санкт-Петербурге. Российская академия наук, Санкт-Петербургский научный центр, Объединенный научный совет по общественным и гуманитарным наукам. Музей антропологии и этнографии (Кунсткамера) РАН. Институт восточных рукописей РАН Восточный факультет СПбГУ. Санкт-Петербургская ассоциация международного сотрудничества ГЕРАСИМ ЛЕБЕДЕВ (1749-1817) И ЗАРЯ ИНДИЙСКОГО НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ВОЗРОЖДЕНИЯ Программа и тезисы Санкт-Петербург, 25-27 октября 2018 г. PROGRAM THURSDAY, OCTOBER 25 St.Peterburg Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, University Embankment 5. 10:30 – 10.55 Participants Registration 11:00 Inaugural Addresses Consul General of India at St. Petersburg Mr. DEEPAK MIGLANI Member of the RAS, Chairman of the United Council for Humanities and Social Sciences NIKOLAI N. KAZANSKY Director of the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, Associate Member of the RAS ANDREI V. GOLOVNEV Director of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Professor IRINA F. POPOVA Chairman of the Board, St. Petersburg Association for International Cooperation, MARGARITA F. MUDRAK Head of the Indian Philology Chair, Oriental Faculty, SPb State University, Associate Professor SVETLANA O. TSVETKOVA THURSDAY SESSION. Chaiperson: S.O. Tsvetkova 1. SUDIPTO CHATTERJEE (Kolkata).
    [Show full text]
  • POWERFUL and POWERLESS: POWER RELATIONS in SATYAJIT RAY's FILMS by DEB BANERJEE Submitted to the Graduate Degree Program in Fi
    POWERFUL AND POWERLESS: POWER RELATIONS IN SATYAJIT RAY’S FILMS BY DEB BANERJEE Submitted to the graduate degree program in Film and Media Studies and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master’s of Arts ____________________ Chairperson Committee members* ____________________* ____________________* ____________________* ____________________* Date defended: ______________ The Thesis Committee of Deb Banerjee certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: POWERFUL AND POWERLESS: POWER RELATIONS IN SATYAJIT RAY’S FILMS Committee: ________________________________ Chairperson* _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ Date approved:_______________________ ii CONTENTS Abstract…………………………………………………………………………….. 1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………….... 2 Chapter 1: Political Scenario of India and Bengal at the Time Periods of the Two Films’ Production……………………………………………………………………16 Chapter 2: Power of the Ruler/King……………………………………………….. 23 Chapter 3: Power of Class/Caste/Religion………………………………………… 31 Chapter 4: Power of Gender……………………………………………………….. 38 Chapter 5: Power of Knowledge and Technology…………………………………. 45 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………. 52 Work Cited………………………………………………………………………... 55 i Abstract Scholars have discussed Indian film director, Satyajit Ray’s films in a myriad of ways. However, there is paucity of literature that examines Ray’s two films, Goopy
    [Show full text]
  • The Actresses of the Public Theatre in Calcutta in the 19Th & 20Th Century
    Revista Digital do e-ISSN 1984-4301 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras da PUCRS http://revistaseletronicas.pucrs.br/ojs/index.php/letronica/ Porto Alegre, v. 11, n. esp. (supl. 1), s113-s124, setembro 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1984-4301.2018.s.30663 Memory and the written testimony: the actresses of the public theatre in Calcutta in the 19th & 20th century Memória e testemunho escrito: as atrizes do teatro público em Calcutá nos séculos XIX e XX Sarvani Gooptu1 Netaji Institute for Asian Studies, NIAS, in Kolkata, India. 1 Professor in Asian Literary and Cultural Studies ABSTRACT: Modern theatrical performances in Bengali language in Calcutta, the capital of British colonial rule, thrived from the mid-nineteenth at the Netaji Institute for Asian Studies, NIAS, in Kolkata, India. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1564-1225 E-mail: [email protected] century though they did not include women performers till 1874. The story of the early actresses is difficult to trace due to a lack of evidence in primarycontemporary material sources. and the So scatteredthough a researcher references is to vaguely these legendary aware of their actresses significance in vernacular and contribution journals and to Indian memoirs, theatre, to recreate they have the remained stories of shadowy some of figures – nameless except for those few who have left a written testimony of their lives and activities. It is my intention through the study of this Keywords: Actresses; Bengali Theatre; Social pariahs; Performance and creative output; Memory and written testimony. these divas and draw a connection between testimony and lasting memory.
    [Show full text]
  • Prospectus 2021
    Ramakrishna Mission Vidyamandira Belur Math, Howrah-711202 A Residential Autonomous College affiliated to University of Calcutta College with Potential for Excellence DST-FIST sponsored College, Funded by DBT- Star College Scheme, NIRF India Ranking 2020 (College Category) – 7th Contents 1. History and Objective 1 2. Units of Ramakrishna Mission Saradapitha 2 3. Courses of Study 3 4. Programme Outcomes (PO) 42 5. Rules of Admission 44 6. Rules for Payment of Dues 45 7. Examination 46 8. Stipends and Scholarships 57 9. Library 57 10. Computer Laboratory & Internet Kiosk 59 11. Smart Classrooms & Language Laboratory 59 12. ‘Swami Vivekananda Research Centre’ (SVRC) 59 13. Internal Quality Assurance Cell 59 14. Placement & Career Counselling Cell 60 15. College and Hostel Dress Code 61 16. Hostel 61 17. Co-curricular Activities 62 18. Anti-ragging Cell 64 19. Discipline 65 20. Vidyamandira Vidyarthi Samsad 67 21. Visits by Guardians 68 22. Health 68 23. Administrative & Faculty Members 68 24. Administrative & Academic Support Staff (College) 81 25. Administrative & Academic Support Staff (Hostel) 86 26. Academic Medals & Prizes 88 27. Donations 105 28. Fees Structure 113 29. Withdrawals 116 30. Daily Routine 121 31. Contact 122 1 1. History and Objective: What is today the Ramakrishna Mission Vidyamandira, traces its origin to the educational ethos of Swami Vivekananda. True education, according to Swami Vivekananda, must enable a person to manifest all that is best in him by a harmonious development of head, hand, and heart. Such an education would not only combine in it the best elements of Eastern and Western culture but would at the same time hold aloft the Indian ideals of devotion, wisdom and morality so that it might meet the national temperament at every point.
    [Show full text]
  • Between Violence and Democracy: Bengali Theatre 1965–75
    BETWEEN VIOLENCE AND DEMOCRACY / Sudeshna Banerjee / 1 BETWEEN VIOLENCE AND DEMOCRACY: BENGALI THEATRE 1965–75 SUDESHNA BANERJEE 1 The roots of representation of violence in Bengali theatre can be traced back to the tortuous strands of socio-political events that took place during the 1940s, virtually the last phase of British rule in India. While negotiations between the British, the Congress and the Muslim League were pushing the country towards a painful freedom, accompanied by widespread communal violence and an equally tragic Partition, with Bengal and Punjab bearing, perhaps, the worst brunt of it all; the INA release movement, the RIN Mutiny in 1945-46, numerous strikes, and armed peasant uprisings—Tebhaga in Bengal, Punnapra-Vayalar in Travancore and Telengana revolt in Hyderabad—had underscored the potency of popular movements. The Left-oriented, educated middle class including a large body of students, poets, writers, painters, playwrights and actors in Bengal became actively involved in popular movements, upholding the cause of and fighting for the marginalized and the downtrodden. The strong Left consciousness, though hardly reflected in electoral politics, emerged as a weapon to counter State violence and repression unleashed against the Left. A glance at a chronology of events from October 1947 to 1950 reflects a series of violent repressive measures including indiscriminate firing (even within the prisons) that Left movements faced all over the state. The history of post–1964 West Bengal is ridden by contradictions in the manifestation of the Left in representative politics. The complications and contradictions that came to dominate politics in West Bengal through the 1960s and ’70s came to a restive lull with the Left Front coming to power in 1977.
    [Show full text]
  • S Play: Bhanga Bhanga Chhobi
    Girish Karnad’s Play: Bhanga Bhanga Chhobi Playwright: Girish Karnad Translator: Srotoswini Dey Director: Tulika Das Group: Kolkata Bohuswar, Kolkata Language: Bengali Duration: 1 hr 10 mins The Play The play opens with Manjula Ray in a television studio, giving one of her countless interviews. Manjula is a successful Bengali writer whose first novel in English has got favourable reviews from the West. She talks about her life and her darling husband Pramod, and fondly reminisces about Malini, her wheel-chair bound sister. After the interview, Manjula is ready to leave the studio but is confronted by an image. Gradually Manjula starts unfolding her life showing two facets of the same character. The conversations between the character on stage and the chhaya-murti go on and Manjula peels layer after layer, revealing raw emotions and complexities of the relationship between Manjula, Promod and Malini. We can relate to both Manjula and Malini… all of us being flawed in some way or the other, and that’s what makes us human. Director’s Note I wanted to explore the text of Girish Karnad’s Broken Images with my own understanding of Manjula, the lady portraying two facets of the same character. Despite all her shortcomings and flaws, she did not degenerate into a stereotypical vamp. Although she had made unforgivable mistakes, wasn’t there enough reason for her to exercise duplicity and betrayal? I found myself asking this question and wanting to see the larger picture through another prism. It has taken years for the Bengali stage to come up with an adaptation of the 2004 play.
    [Show full text]
  • Hindi Theater Is Not Seen in Any Other Theatre
    NATYA SHODH SANSTHAN DISCUSSION ON HINDI THEATRE FROM THE COLLECTIONS OF NATYA SHODH SANSTHAN AUDIO LIBRARY THE PRESENT SCENARIO OF HINDI THEATRE IN CALCUTTA ON th 15 May 1983 AT NATYA SHODH SANSTHAN PARTICIPANTS PRATIBHA AGRAWAL, SAMIK BANDYOPADHYAY, SHIV KUMAR JOSHI, SHYAMANAND JALAN, MANAMOHON THAKORE SHEO KUMAR JHUNJHUNWALA, SWRAN CHOWDHURY, TAPAS SEN, BIMAL LATH, GAYANWATI LATH, SURESH DUTT, PRAMOD SHROFF NATYA SHODH SANSTHAN EE 8, SECTOR 2, SALT LAKE, KOLKATA 91 MAIL : [email protected] Phone (033)23217667 1 NATYA SHODH SANSTHAN Pratibha Agrawal We are recording the discussion on “The present scenario of the Hindi Theatre in Calcutta”. The participants include – Kishen Kumar, Shymanand Jalan, Shiv Kumar Joshi, Shiv Kumar Jhunjhunwala, Manamohan Thakore1, Samik Banerjee, Dharani Ghosh, Usha Ganguly2 and Bimal Lath. We welcome all of you on behalf of Natya Shodh Sansthan. For quite some time we, the actors, directors, critics and the members of the audience have been appreciating and at the same time complaining about the plays that are being staged in Calcutta in the languages that are being practiced in Calcutta, be it in Hindi, English, Bangla or any other language. We felt that if we, the practitioners should sit down and talk about the various issues that are bothering us, we may be able to solve some of the problems and several issues may be resolved. Often it so happens that the artists take one side and the critics-audience occupies the other. There is a clear division – one group which creates and the other who criticizes. Many a time this proves to be useful and necessary as well.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Empanelled Artist
    INDIAN COUNCIL FOR CULTURAL RELATIONS EMPANELMENT ARTISTS S.No. Name of Artist/Group State Date of Genre Contact Details Year of Current Last Cooling off Social Media Presence Birth Empanelment Category/ Sponsorsred Over Level by ICCR Yes/No 1 Ananda Shankar Jayant Telangana 27-09-1961 Bharatanatyam Tel: +91-40-23548384 2007 Outstanding Yes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwH8YJH4iVY Cell: +91-9848016039 September 2004- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vrts4yX0NOQ [email protected] San Jose, Panama, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YDwKHb4F4tk [email protected] Tegucigalpa, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SIh4lOqFa7o Guatemala City, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MiOhl5brqYc Quito & Argentina https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=COv7medCkW8 2 Bali Vyjayantimala Tamilnadu 13-08-1936 Bharatanatyam Tel: +91-44-24993433 Outstanding No Yes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbT7vkbpkx4 +91-44-24992667 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zKvILzX5mX4 [email protected] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kyQAisJKlVs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q6S7GLiZtYQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBPKiWdEtHI 3 Sucheta Bhide Maharashtra 06-12-1948 Bharatanatyam Cell: +91-8605953615 Outstanding 24 June – 18 July, Yes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WTj_D-q-oGM suchetachapekar@hotmail 2015 Brazil (TG) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UOhzx_npilY .com https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SgXsRIOFIQ0 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lSepFLNVelI 4 C.V.Chandershekar Tamilnadu 12-05-1935 Bharatanatyam Tel: +91-44- 24522797 1998 Outstanding 13 – 17 July 2017- No https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ec4OrzIwnWQ
    [Show full text]
  • 2011 Batch List of Previous Batch Students.Xlsx
    Registration_No Application No. Name Father's Name State/Central Board 1/2011 11-VIII 02/97 Shubham Shukla Ramesh Chandra Shukla Uttaranchal 2/2011 11-VIII 02/96 Madhav Prasad Kamleshwar Prasad Painuli Uttaranchal 3/2011 11-VIII 03/15 KM Shikha Negi Shri Balbeer Singh Uttaranchal 4/2011 11-VIII 04/21 Suhasni Srivastava Mr. S.C Srivastava ICSE 5/2011 11-VIII 04/3 Sapam Amarjit Singh Late Sapam Modhuchandra SinghManipur 6/2011 11-VIII 04/2 Nurutpal Dutta Ghana Kanta Dutta Assam 7/2011 11-VIII 02/98 Laishram Bidyabati Devi L. Bijen Singh Manipur 8/2011 11-VIII 02/90 Makunga Joysee Maring M.Kodun Maring Manipur 9/2011 11-VIII 02/33 Anitha Iswarankutty K.V Iswarankutty Kerala 10/2011 11-VIII 02/37 Ningthoujam Victor N. Hemajit Singh Manipur 11/2011 11-VIII 04/13 Maibam Kamal Hassan M. Iboyal Manipur 12/2011 11-VIII 03/28 Dinesh Chhimwal Mr B.C Chhimwal Uttaranchal 13/2011 11-VIII 03/35 Manisha Khati Mr. M.S Khati Uttaranchal 14/2011 11-VIII 02/81 Rajni Mr. Nagendra Singh Kandari Uttaranchal 15/2011 11-VIII 02/82 Gajanan Shankar Jadhav Shankar Maharashtra 16/2011 11-VIII 02/83 Pragati Chaudhary Sanjeev Kumar Uttaranchal 17/2011 11-VIII 02/84 Ritngenbahun Hoojon Markus Kharbhoi Meghalaya 18/2011 11-VII 02/76 Kavya D Devadasan P Kerala 19/2011 11-VIII 02/77 Sougat Chatterjee Kashinath Chatterjee Maharashtra 20/2011 11-VIII 02/67 Yumnam Nirmal Singh Y Manaobi Manipur 21/2011 11-VIII 04/17 Laiphangbam Gunajit Roy L Iboton Roy Manipur 22/2011 11-VIII 04/14 Amom Rohen Singh Amom Jugeshwor Manipur 23/2011 11-VII 02/48 Sruthy Poulose K P Poulose Kerala
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Bengali Studies
    ISSN 2277-9426 Journal of Bengali Studies Vol. 6 No. 1 The Age of Bhadralok: Bengal's Long Twentieth Century Dolpurnima 16 Phalgun 1424 1 March 2018 1 | Journal of Bengali Studies (ISSN 2277-9426) Vol. 6 No. 1 Journal of Bengali Studies (ISSN 2277-9426), Vol. 6 No. 1 Published on the Occasion of Dolpurnima, 16 Phalgun 1424 The Theme of this issue is The Age of Bhadralok: Bengal's Long Twentieth Century 2 | Journal of Bengali Studies (ISSN 2277-9426) Vol. 6 No. 1 ISSN 2277-9426 Journal of Bengali Studies Volume 6 Number 1 Dolpurnima 16 Phalgun 1424 1 March 2018 Spring Issue The Age of Bhadralok: Bengal's Long Twentieth Century Editorial Board: Tamal Dasgupta (Editor-in-Chief) Amit Shankar Saha (Editor) Mousumi Biswas Dasgupta (Editor) Sayantan Thakur (Editor) 3 | Journal of Bengali Studies (ISSN 2277-9426) Vol. 6 No. 1 Copyrights © Individual Contributors, while the Journal of Bengali Studies holds the publishing right for re-publishing the contents of the journal in future in any format, as per our terms and conditions and submission guidelines. Editorial©Tamal Dasgupta. Cover design©Tamal Dasgupta. Further, Journal of Bengali Studies is an open access, free for all e-journal and we promise to go by an Open Access Policy for readers, students, researchers and organizations as long as it remains for non-commercial purpose. However, any act of reproduction or redistribution (in any format) of this journal, or any part thereof, for commercial purpose and/or paid subscription must accompany prior written permission from the Editor, Journal of Bengali Studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Brechtian Reading of Usha Ganguli's Play the Journey Within
    ==================================================================== Language in India www.languageinindia.comISSN 1930-2940 Vol. 19:6 June 2019 ==================================================================== Brechtian Reading of Usha Ganguli’s Play The Journey Within Dr. Rahul Kamble Assistant Professor Department of Indian and World Literatures The English and Foreign Languages University, Hyderabad 500007 [email protected] =================================================================== Abstract Usha Ganguli’s play The Journey Within (2000) is a solo performance in which she narrates experiences of her own life in an “autobiographical introspection” mode (Mukherjee 32). The play lays threadbare the journey of her mind and soul since her childhood. The narrative throws light on her own personality, her involvement in theatre, the recurrent themes in the plays directed or performed by her, and her interest in characters and living persons. It also partially reveals Indian ‘theatre-women’s journey’ and women’s theatre in India since early 1970s. However, at no point does the playwright use restrictive personalized narrative nor does she intend the spectators to identify with her emotions, feelings, or anger. Instead she throws, through her reminiscences and character speeches, situational questions at the audience regarding gender inequality, oppression of women, denial of rights, and adverse living conditions. The questions make the spectators examine their own behaviour in similar circumstances, provoke them to resolve,
    [Show full text]