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A Survey of Textbooks Most Commonly Used to Teach the Arab-Israeli
A Critical Survey of Textbooks on the Arab-Israeli and Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Working Paper No. 1 │ April 2017 Uzi Rabi Chelsi Mueller MDC Working Paper Series The views expressed in the MDC Working Paper Series are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies or Tel Aviv University. MDC Working Papers have not undergone formal review and approval. They are circulated for discussion purposes only. Their contents should be considered preliminary and are not to be reproduced without the authors' permission. Please address comments and inquiries about the series to: Dr. Chelsi Mueller Research Fellow The MDC for Middle Eastern and African Studies Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv, 6997801 Israel Email: [email protected] Tel: +972-3-640-9100 US: +1-617-787-7131 Fax: +972-3-641-5802 MDC Working Paper Series Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the research assistants and interns who have contributed significantly to this research project. Eline Rosenhart was with the project from the beginning to end, cataloging syllabi, constructing charts, reading each text from cover to cover, making meticulous notes, transcribing meetings and providing invaluable editorial assistance. Rebekka Windus was a critical eye and dedicated consultant during the year-long reading phase of the project. Natasha Spreadborough provided critical comments and suggestions that were very instrumental during the reading phase of this project. Ben Mendales, the MDC’s project management specialist, was exceptionally receptive to the needs of the team and provided vital logistical support. Last but not least, we are deeply grateful to Prof. -
Introduction
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87598-1 - The War for Palestine: Rewriting the History of 1948, Second Edition Edited by Eugene L. Rogan and Avi Shlaim Excerpt More information Introduction The Palestine War lasted less than twenty months, from the United Nations resolution recommending the partition of Palestine in November 1947 to the final armistice agreement signed between Israel and Syria in July 1949. Those twenty months transformed the political landscape of the Middle East forever. Indeed, 1948 may be taken as a defining moment for the region as a whole. Arab Palestine was destroyed and the new state of Israel established. Egypt, Syria and Lebanon suffered outright defeat, Iraq held its lines, and Transjordan won at best a pyrrhic victory. Arab public opinion, unprepared for defeat, let alone a defeat of this magnitude, lost faith in its politicians. Within three years of the end of the Palestine War, the prime ministers of Egypt and Lebanon and the king of Jordan had been assassinated, and the president of Syria and the king of Egypt over- thrown by military coups. No event has marked Arab politics in the second half of the twentieth century more profoundly. The Arab–Israeli wars, the Cold War in the Middle East, the rise of the Palestinian armed struggle, and the politics of peace-making in all of their complexity are a direct con- sequence of the Palestine War. The significance of the Palestine War also lies in the fact that it was the first challenge to face the newly independent states of the Middle East. -
From the Editor by Rashid I. Khalidi Sixty Years Ago the Zionist
Journal of Palestine Studies issue 147, published in Spring 2008 From the Editor by Rashid I. Khalidi Sixty years ago the Zionist movement launched an all-out military offensive to establish a Jewish state in a country with a two-thirds Arab majority. Victories followed in quick succession as the well-organized,well-armed Haganah battled poorly coordinated Arab irregulars and local militias. On 18 April 1948, after the prelude of the Dayr Yasin massacre and the conquest of Arab villages in the Jerusalem corridor, the mixed Arab-Jewish town of Tiberias was captured and its entire Arab population bused to Transjordan. The attack against the Arab quarters of Haifa, Palestine’s largest city, followed almost immediately; Haifa fell on 22 April. With the conquest of Arab Jaffa several weeks later, the fate of Palestine was sealed, and on 14 May 1948, the State of Israel was proclaimed. This issue of JPS commemorates this first crucial phase of the 1948 war with two articles about those first key Zionist victories: Mustafa Abbasi’s “The End of Arab Tiberias” and a reissue of Walid Khalidi’s landmark 1959 article, “The Fall of Haifa,” with a new introduction and footnotes by the author. The two articles have different approaches, with Abbasi focusing especially on the background to the tragedy, tracing the deterioration of relations between Tiberias’s Jewish and Palestinian communities, and Khalidi concentrating more on the immediate military and diplomatic background of the attack on Haifa and the progress of the battle itself. Both articles, however, highlight the extraordinary collusion between the Haganah and Britain, which in each case virtually turned the cities over to the Zionists. -
A Comparative Analysis Between the Palestinians of Lebanon and Jordan
Taylor University Pillars at Taylor University Global Studies History, Global & Political Studies Department Spring 2021 A Comparative Analysis Between the Palestinians of Lebanon and Jordan Kassidy Grace Hall Taylor University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://pillars.taylor.edu/globalstudies Part of the International and Area Studies Commons, International and Intercultural Communication Commons, and the Peace and Conflict Studies Commons Recommended Citation Hall, Kassidy Grace, "A Comparative Analysis Between the Palestinians of Lebanon and Jordan" (2021). Global Studies. 1. https://pillars.taylor.edu/globalstudies/1 This Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the History, Global & Political Studies Department at Pillars at Taylor University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Global Studies by an authorized administrator of Pillars at Taylor University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Comparative Analysis Between the Palestinians of Lebanon and Jordan: The History, Integration, and Role of Refugees in the Arab-Israel Conflict and Peace Process Kassidy Hall GBS 480 November 2020 Introduction In many Arab countries, Palestinian affairs are domestic affairs. This is especially true of Jordan, where the US State Department estimates that over half of the population is of Palestinian origin.1 Lebanon, Israel/Palestine’s neighbor to the north, presents a different case. There, Palestinians account for around 10% of the population and are overall poorer and met with more resentment from the government compared to other countries.2 In the wake of the Arab-Israeli conflict, Lebanon and Jordan are two countries out of many in the Middle East that absorbed these Palestinian refugees. -
1948 Arab‒Israeli
1948 Arab–Israeli War 1 1948 Arab–Israeli War מלחמת or מלחמת העצמאות :The 1948 Arab–Israeli War, known to Israelis as the War of Independence (Hebrew ,מלחמת השחרור :, Milkhemet Ha'atzma'ut or Milkhemet HA'sikhror) or War of Liberation (Hebrewהשחרור Milkhemet Hashikhrur) – was the first in a series of wars fought between the State of Israel and its Arab neighbours in the continuing Arab-Israeli conflict. The war commenced upon the termination of the British Mandate of Palestine and the Israeli declaration of independence on 15 May 1948, following a period of civil war in 1947–1948. The fighting took place mostly on the former territory of the British Mandate and for a short time also in the Sinai Peninsula and southern Lebanon.[1] ., al-Nakba) occurred amidst this warﺍﻟﻨﻜﺒﺔ :Much of what Arabs refer to as The Catastrophe (Arabic The war concluded with the 1949 Armistice Agreements. Background Following World War II, on May 14, 1948, the British Mandate of Palestine came to an end. The surrounding Arab nations were also emerging from colonial rule. Transjordan, under the Hashemite ruler Abdullah I, gained independence from Britain in 1946 and was called Jordan, but it remained under heavy British influence. Egypt, while nominally independent, signed the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 that included provisions by which Britain would maintain a garrison of troops on the Suez Canal. From 1945 on, Egypt attempted to renegotiate the terms of this treaty, which was viewed as a humiliating vestige of colonialism. Lebanon became an independent state in 1943, but French troops would not withdraw until 1946, the same year that Syria won its independence from France. -
Why Did the Palestinians Leave Revisited
WHY DID THE PALESTINIANS LEAVE,REVISITED WALID KHALIDI Themyth that the Palestinian exodus of 1948 was triggered by orders from the Arab leaders—a cornerstone of the official Israeli version of the 1948 war and intended to absolve it of responsibility for the refugee problem—dies hard. Thus, it continues to be deployed by apol- Downloaded from http://online.ucpress.edu/jps/article-pdf/34/2/42/141663/jps_2005_34_2_042.pdf by guest on 02 June 2020 ogists for Israel as a means of blaming the Palestinians for their own fate. Even Benny Morris, one of whose major conclusions in his 1986 The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem wastodiscredit the Israeli claim, cannot seem to let go of it completely. Thus, the conclusion of the substantially revised update of the book, The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited (2004), states that although the Arab Higher Committee (AHC) and the local National Committees made efforts to block the exodus of army-aged males, “at the same time, they actively promoted the depopulation of villages and towns. Many thousands of Arabs—women, children, and old people ...left, well before battle was joined, as a result of advice and orders from local Arab commanders and officials.... Indeed, already months before the war the Arab states and the AHC had endorsed the removal of dependents from active and potential combat zones....There can be no exaggerating the impor- tance of these early, Arab-initiated evacuations in the demoralization, and eventual exodus, of the remaining rural and urban populations” (pp. 589–90). Given the endurance of this central plank of the Israeli doctrine of 1948, JPS has decided to reprint for the first time a difficult-to-obtain ar- ticle published in July 1959 by Walid Khalidi in a long-defunct periodi- cal of the American University of Beirut (AUB), Middle East Forum. -
Of Benny Morris: Morality in the History of 1948 and the Creation of the Palestinian-Refugee Crisis
The “Conversion” of Benny Morris: Morality in the History of 1948 and the Creation of the Palestinian-Refugee Crisis JOSIE GRAY The history surrounding the 1948 War and the creation of the Palestinian- refugee crisis continues to be contentious, political, and filled with questions of morality. This is especially true for Benny Morris’s historical work. As an Israeli historian, Morris has made significant contributions to the historiography of 1948, with most of his work focusing on the role that Jewish forces played in the expulsion of Palestinian Arabs in 1948 (something that the Israeli government had denied vehemently). Although celebrated for his historical work, following the collapse of the Palestinian-Israeli peace process in the early 2000s Morris publically announced his support for the expulsion of Palestinians in 1948 and argued that Jewish forces should have expelled every single Palestinian Arab. This paper discusses how a dual commitment to honest historical study and Zionism allowed Morris to announce his support for the atrocities that his own research had uncovered. On November 29, 1947, the United Nations General Assembly passed Resolution 181, which approved the partition of Mandate Palestine, which had been under British rule since 1920. Although Arabs made up seventy-one per cent of the population, the partition plan allotted fifty-six per cent of the territory to a Jewish state with the Palestinian state receiving forty-two per cent.1 The proposed Jewish state would contain 499,000 Jews and 438,000 Arabs—a bare majority—while the proposed Palestinian state would have 818,000 Arabs and 10,000 Jews.2 The Jewish leadership accepted this plan; Arab representatives rejected it. -
Introduction
Introduction IN THE COURSE of writing this book, I passed a small milestone in my life. Twenty years ago, while researching my doctoral dissertation on the theory of Zionism, I came across a newly published book on the Israel- Palestine conflict: From Time Immemorial: The Origins of the Arab- Jewish Conflict over Palestine by Joan Peters.1 Promising to revolution- ize our understanding of the conflict, the book was adorned on the back cover with glowing praise from the Who’s Who of American Arts and Letters (Saul Bellow, Elie Wiesel, Barbara Tuchman, Lucy Dawid- owicz, and others), and it went on to garner scores of reviews in the mainstream media ranging from ecstasy to awe. Its first edition, eventu- ally going into seven hardback printings, became a national best seller. The central thesis of Peters’s book, apparently supported by nearly two thousand notes and a recondite demographic study, was that Palestine had been virtually empty on the eve of Zionist colonization and that, after Jews made the deserted parts of Palestine they settled bloom, Arabs from neighboring states and other parts of Palestine migrated to the Jewish areas and pretended to be indigenous. Here was the, as it 1. New York: Harper and Row, 1984. 1 2 INTRODUCTION were, scientific proof that Golda Meir had been right after all: there was no such thing as Palestinians. As it happened, From Time Immemorial was a colossal hoax. Cited sources were mangled, key numbers in the demographic study falsified, and large swaths plagiarized from Zionist propaganda tracts. Docu- menting the hoax and the rather more onerous challenge of publicizing these findings in the media proved to be a turning point for me. -
Selected Documents on the 1948 Palestine War Author(S): Walid Khalidi Source: Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol
Selected Documents on the 1948 Palestine War Author(s): Walid Khalidi Source: Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 27, No. 3 (Spring, 1998), pp. 60-105 Published by: University of California Press on behalf of the Institute for Palestine Studies Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2537835 Accessed: 24-07-2015 20:24 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. University of California Press and Institute for Palestine Studies are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of Palestine Studies. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 66.134.128.11 on Fri, 24 Jul 2015 20:24:50 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions SELECTED DOCUMENTS ON THE 1948 PALESTINE WAR SELECTED AND ANNOTATED BY WALID KHALIDI The 1948 PalestineWar, whose fiftiethanniversary occurs thisyear, fell into two major phases: the first,the civilwar phase, began soon afterthe UnitedNational General Assembly(UNGA) partitionresolution of 29 November 1947 and lasted until15 May 1948,the formalend of the BritishMandate. The second, the regular war phase, lasted from15 May (when the Stateof Israel was also declared) until the various Arab-Israeliarmistice agreements were concluded in 1948-49. -
Myth and Narrative in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Conference: February 27–March 1, 2003 John F
WPF REPORTS number 34 Myth & Narrative in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Deborah L. West WORLD PEACE FOUNDATION FOUNDED 1910 THE WORLD PEACE FOUNDATION The World Peace Foundation was created in 1910 by the imagination and fortune of Edwin Ginn, the Bos- ton publisher, to encourage international peace and cooperation. The Foundation seeks to advance the cause of world peace through study, analysis, and the advocacy of wise action. As an operating, not a grant-giving foundation, it provides financial support only for projects which it has initiated itself. Edwin Ginn shared the hope of many of his contemporaries that permanent peace could be achieved. That dream was denied by the outbreak of World War I, but the Foundation has continued ever since to at- tempt to overcome obstacles to international peace and cooperation, drawing for its funding on the en- dowment bequeathed by the founder. In its early years, the Foundation focused its attention on building the peacekeeping capacity of the League of Nations, and then on the development of world order through the United Nations. The Foundation established and nurtured the premier scholarly journal in its field, International Organization. Since 1993, the Foundation has examined the causes and cures of intrastate conflict. The peace of the world in these decades has been disturbed primarily by outbreaks of vicious ethnic, religious, linguistic, and intercommunal antagonism within divided countries. The episodes of brutal ethnic cleansing that convulsed Rwanda, Bosnia, and Kosovo are but the best known and most devastating of a rash of such attempts to oust rivals across the globe. -
3 Mohammed S. Dajani
ISRAELIS AND PALESTINIANS: CONTESTED NARRATIVES Mohammed S. Dajani Introduction Israeli scholar Yossi Klein Halevi begins the introduction of his book, At the Entrance of the Garden of Eden, A Jew’s Search for God with Christians and Muslims in the Holy Land, pub- lished in 2001, by saying: “In early winter 1998, I set out to discover my country, the Holy Land.”1 A Palestinian scholar embarking on reading this book would take issue by the proposition my preceding the word country that describes Halevi’s attachment to the Holy Land. This sense of belonging to the Holy Land by an Israeli clashes with the similar sense of belonging by a Palestinian, illuminating the crux of the Palestinian-Israeli confrontation and struggle. Historically, the conflict began with the assertion: “This land is mine”, and ever since the struggle focused on the question: “To whom does this land belong?” The way the question is constructed is in itself conflictual – “The land belongs to one and not the other!” This assumption gave rise to diametrically opposed conflicting national narratives that presented the claims of one against the other. This paper aims at confronting the Israeli and Palestinian constitutive historical clash of national narratives and their significance in shaping identities of “self” and “other” in the conflict and in constructing obstacles to conflict resolution. It looks into the historic junc- tions of decision-making and appraises processes that left their imprint on collective mem- ory and perceptions. Some of the major themes and histories will be analyzed and explained within their own historical context in order to deconstruct demonized images. -
THIS ISSUE: PALESTINE Kerry's Billions an Interview with Walid Khalidi Raves, Prison Cells and Foucault Palest
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