Gold Coast Independent Screen Production
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This may be the author’s version of a work that was submitted/accepted for publication in the following source: Ryan, Mark David, Macrossan, Phoebe, Cunningham, Stuart,& Mc- Cutcheon, Marion (2020) Gold Coast Independent Screen Production. Digital Media Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane. This file was downloaded from: https://eprints.qut.edu.au/203607/ c Consult author(s) regarding copyright matters This work is covered by copyright. Unless the document is being made available under a Creative Commons Licence, you must assume that re-use is limited to personal use and that permission from the copyright owner must be obtained for all other uses. If the docu- ment is available under a Creative Commons License (or other specified license) then refer to the Licence for details of permitted re-use. It is a condition of access that users recog- nise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. If you believe that this work infringes copyright please provide details by email to [email protected] License: Creative Commons: Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 Notice: Please note that this document may not be the Version of Record (i.e. published version) of the work. Author manuscript versions (as Sub- mitted for peer review or as Accepted for publication after peer review) can be identified by an absence of publisher branding and/or typeset appear- ance. If there is any doubt, please refer to the published source. Gold Coast Independent Screen Production Mark David Ryan, Phoebe Macrossan, Stuart Cunningham and Marion McCutcheon A study commissioned by the Council of the City of Gold Coast June 2020 Authors Mark David Ryan, Phoebe Macrossan, Stuart Cunningham and Marion McCutcheon Published: 2020 Research Funding This research was funded by the Department of Economy, Planning and Environment, Council of the City of Gold Coast. Acknowledgments Jon Baxter, Co-founder, JÁEN Collective; Lynne Benzie, President of Village Roadshow Studios; Steven Caldwell, Managing Director, Caldwell Entertainment; Pam Collis, Producer, Silver Wings Films; Andrew Couzens, Queensland University of Technology; Deana Durisic, CEO, Apollo Films; Lucy Fisher, Festival Director/CEO, Gold Coast Film Festival; Darren Paul Fisher, Independent Screenwriter, Director, Producer, Senior Teaching Fellow, Bond University; Chris Fitchett, Creative Director, Pandala Productions, Senior Teaching Fellow, Bond University; Carly Imrie, Producer, Quirky Mama Productions and Sparke Films; Gareth Janes, Team Coordinator City Laws Approvals, City of Gold Coast; Gabrielle Jones, Council of the City of Gold Coast; Kris Maric, Producer, OZPIX Entertainment; Michelle Riedlinger, Project Researcher, Queensland University of Technology; Matt Schembri, Director, Haul Media; Dan Stevenson, Creative Director, Bordertown Films; Anna Waters-Massey, Actor and Producer of Stage Mums; Goran Zivanovic, Creative Director, Gothic Zen Studios. Contact Information Associate Professor Mark David Ryan e: [email protected] t: +617 3138 0158 w: https://research.qut.edu.au/dmrc Brisbane, Australia. Licence: Creative Commons: Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 Citation Suggested citation: Ryan, Mark David, Phoebe Macrossan, Stuart Cunningham and Marion McCutcheon. 2020. Gold Coast Independent Screen Production. Brisbane: QUT Digital Media Research Centre. doi:10.5204/rep.eprints.136006. Gold Coast Independent Screen Production Study ii Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................................ iii List of Figures ................................................................................................................... v List of Tables ................................................................................................................... vi List of Abbreviations ....................................................................................................... vii Executive Summary .......................................................................................................... 1 Key Findings ........................................................................................................................ 1 Barriers, Weaknesses and Recommendations ................................................................... 3 Key Recommendations ....................................................................................................... 4 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 5 2 Definitions ..................................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Screen Content ............................................................................................................. 8 2.2 Core Screen Content and Commercial Corporate Video Content ................................ 8 2.3 Independent Screen Production ................................................................................... 9 2.4 Above-the-Line and Below-the-Line Crew Roles ........................................................ 10 2.5 Defining the Boundaries: The Gold Coast Local Government Area and Independent Screen Production ............................................................................................................ 11 3 Methodology ............................................................................................................... 14 3.1 Creative Industries Trident Analysis of Population-Level ABS Census Data by Creative Occupation and Statistical Analysis of ABR Data .............................................................. 14 3.2 Data Mining Screen Directories and Crew Roles ........................................................ 17 3.3 Online Search for Production Companies According to Production Activities .......... 18 3.4 IMDb.com Feature Film Mining .................................................................................. 19 3.5 Online Survey .............................................................................................................. 19 3.6 Interviews ................................................................................................................... 20 4 Top-Line Statistical Picture: Film and Television Workers’ Employment, Earnings and ABN Registration Statistics........................................................................................... 21 4.1 Film and Television Employment by Place of Work, Gold Coast 2016 ....................... 21 4.2 Australian Business Register and Australian Business Number data ......................... 31 5 A Snapshot: Creative Workforce and Crew Roles .......................................................... 34 6 Production Companies and Production Activities ......................................................... 37 6.1 Gold Coast Production Companies Ecosystem ........................................................... 37 6.2 Independent Feature Film Production During the Last 10 Years ............................... 40 Gold Coast Independent Screen Production Study iii 7 Survey Findings ............................................................................................................ 44 7.1 Production Roles, Gender and Demographics ........................................................... 44 7.2 Production Formats and Interdependencies with the Studios .................................. 50 7.3 Screen Businesses and Employment .......................................................................... 55 7.4 Industry Outlook and Challenges ............................................................................... 64 7.5 Growth Areas for Gold Coast Independent Screen Production ................................. 68 8 Evaluating the Industry ................................................................................................ 70 8.1 Broad Characteristics of the Independent Screen Industry ....................................... 70 8.2 Industry Barriers, Policy and Funding ......................................................................... 82 8.3 Assessing the Gold Coast Independent Screen Production Industry’s Value Chain .. 91 9 Recommendations ....................................................................................................... 96 References ................................................................................................................... 100 Appendix 1: Defining the Creative Economy .................................................................. 105 Appendix 2: Feature Film List ........................................................................................ 111 Appendix 3: Crew Roles Mined in the Screen Queensland Crew Directory and Inside Film’s Production Book ................................................................................................ 118 Gold Coast Independent Screen Production Study iv List of Figures Figure 1: Overall growth in active ABNs in the City of Gold Coast .......................................... 31 Figure 2: Which of the following best describes your role as a screen content creator? ....... 45 Figure 3: Which of the following best describes your degree of experience as a screen content creator? ..................................................................................................................... 46 Figure 4: