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United States Capitol VISITOR GUide Welcome to the Capitol our visit to the GUIDED TOURS OF THE U.S. CAPITOL historic U.S. Guided tours of the U.S. Capitol begin at the Orientation Theaters on Capitol begins the lower level of the Capitol Visitor Center. “Out of Many, One,” Yas you enter the Capitol a 13-minute film, illustrates how this country established a new form of Visitor Center. With government; highlights the vital role that Congress plays in the its soaring spaces and daily lives of Americans; and introduces you to the building that houses skylight views of the the U.S. Congress. Capitol Dome, the Capitol Visitor Center Tours are free and are offered throughout the day between welcomes you on a 8:40 a.m. – 3:20 p.m., Monday – Saturday. Tour passes are required. journey of discovery. Advance Passes: Tours may The U.S. Capitol be booked in advance online at is home to the U.S. www.visitthecapitol.gov, through Congress and its two the offices of your senators or legislative bodies, representative, or through the the U.S. House of The of Office of Visitor Services by Representatives calling 202.226.8000. and the U.S. Senate. Through films, exhibits, and tours, you will learn about how Congress works, how this magnificent building was built, Same-Day Passes: A limited and how citizens can participate in this extraordinary experiment called number of passes are available representative democracy. each day at the Information Desks in Emancipation Hall on the lower The U.S. Capitol stands as a monument to the American people. It is level of the Capitol Visitor Center. where the issues facing the nation are considered, debated, and written into law. The U.S. Capitol also houses an important collection of American art, and it is an architectural achievement in its own right. SPECIALTY TOURS History is made at the U.S. Capitol, and the Capitol Visitor Center is AND PROGRAMS your entryway to that history. Learn more about the history of Congress and the Capitol through On December 18, 2007, Congress passed legislation to name the Capitol a specialty tour or activity. Check Visitor Center’s central space “Emancipation Hall” to recognize the for updated schedules at the contributions of enslaved laborers who helped build the U.S. Capitol. Information Desks in Emancipation Emancipation Hall, on the lower level of the Capitol Visitor Center, is a Hall or at www.visitthecapitol.gov/ central gathering place for visitors coming to see the Capitol. event-calendar.

UNITED STATES CAPITOL VISITOR GUIDE 2 EXPLORE EXHIBITS Visit our exhibits dedicated to telling the story of Congress and the U.S. Capitol. Enjoy films about the workings of Congress and look up your representative and senators. See architectural models showing THE CAPITOL GROUNDS how the U.S. Capitol has changed The Capitol is set amidst 58.8 acres of winding paths, memorial trees, over time, and view the table from inviting benches, and beautiful flowers that are changed seasonally. The President Lincoln’s second inaugu- grounds today reflect a plan completed in 1892 by renowned landscape ration made from surplus ironwork cast for the Capitol Dome. Be on architect . As you stroll the grounds, note the the lookout for interpretive carts where staff members elaborate on magnificent bronze and stone fountains and lanterns on the East Plaza, topics ranging from how a bill becomes a law to the art and archi- which were restored to their original beauty during construction of the tecture of the Capitol. 8:30 a.m. – 4:30 p.m., Monday – Saturday, lower Capitol Visitor Center. level of the Capitol Visitor Center The Capitol Grounds have played host to presidential inaugurations, Independence Day concerts, and the yearly visits of more than three WATCHING CONGRESS IN SESSION million people. We invite you to enjoy this historic landscape. Passes: The Senate and House Galleries are open to visitors whenever either body is in session; however, the Galleries are not included in the tour of the U.S. Capitol. Passes are required and may MUST SEE ON YOUR VISIT be obtained from the offices of your senators or representative. Access to the Galleries begins on the upper level of the Capitol Visitor Specialty Tours — see This Month at the Capitol Center. International visitors may inquire at the House and Senate Visitor Center flyer or ask Capitol Visitor Center staff for schedules Appointment Desks on the upper level. Special Activities and Family Programs — When the House is not in session, visitors with passes House Hours: see This Month at the Capitol Visitor Center flyeror are admitted to the Gallery from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through ask Capitol Visitor Center staff for schedules Friday. Last entry into the Gallery may be prior to 4 p.m. based on demand. The Gallery is closed on weekends and holidays unless Table from President ’s Second Inauguration — made from surplus the House is in session. The House Gallery is subject to unplanned, ironwork cast for the Capitol Dome temporary closures when the House is not in session. For additional (Emancipation Hall, courtesy Lincoln Table information on the House of Representatives please visit www.house.gov. The Massachusetts Historical Society) Senate Hours: The Senate Gallery is open during scheduled View of Dome through Skylights — from the lower or upper level of the recesses of one week or more, and visitors with passes are admitted Visitor Center, just look up! from 9 a.m. to 4:15 p.m., Monday through Friday. The Gallery is The Plaster Model for the — used to cast the bronze closed on weekends and holidays unless the Senate is in session and Statue of Freedom atop the Capitol Dome (Emancipation Hall) during any recess or adjournment of less than one week. Senate Gallery hours are subject to change. For information please call Statue Collection — 24 of 100 statues of the Collection are located throughout the Capitol Visitor Center, including 202.224.0057. 14 statues in Emancipation Hall (Please see page five for statue LIBRARY OF descriptions.) CONGRESS House and Senate Galleries — Visitors have direct access from the entry on upper level of Visitor Center – Capitol Visitor Center to the historic get passes from your senators Building of the or representative , one of the Slave Labor Commemorative Marker — nation’s great treasures, via the Library sandstone marker recognizing the role of Congress Tunnel. The entrance to that enslaved laborers played in the the tunnel is located on the upper level construction of the Capitol Slave Labor of the Capitol Visitor Center near the (Emancipation Hall) Commemorative Marker House Appointment Desk.

UNITED STATES CAPITOL VISITOR GUIDE 3 :V\[O5VY[O Upper Level

:LUH[L.HSSLY` Legend ,U[YHUJL /V\ZL.HSSLY` Information Desks / ,U[YHUJL Tour Passes Elevator Legend -PYZ[(PK Information Desks / Escalator 5VY[O Tour Passes .PM[ :OVW Elevator Restrooms ,THUJPWH[PVU/HSS Escalator :V\[O 3V^LY3L]LS .PM[ Visitors may request wheelchairs at the North :OVW Restrooms :LUH[L Coat Check, located to the right of the visitor (WWVPU[TLU[ +LZR entrance on the Upper Level, or from Capitol /V\ZL Visitor Center staff. All restrooms are accessible. (WWVPU[TLU[ 5VY[O ,_P[ +LZR *VH[*OLJR ;\UULS[V A nursing station is located on the south side of the :V\[O 3PIYHY`VM*VUNYLZZ ,_P[ ,_P[ Capitol Cafe on the lower level. Family restrooms *VH[*OLJR :LJ\YP[` are available near all eight restroom locations. :JYLLUPUN ,_P[ :LJ\YP[` :JYLLUPUN 5VY[O Connect with free Wi-Fi L CVC-Guest O ,U[YHUJ :V\[O :V\[O5VY[ ,U[YHUJL

GIFT SHOPS Gift Shops (Upper Level): A unique selection of merchandise inspired by the Capitol’s art Lower Level and architectural treasures, fun and educational gifts, books, :V\[O5VY[O  jewelry, and exciting custom- MVYYLUV]H[PVU designed products make excellent ,_OPIP[PVU/HSSPZ[LTWVYHYPS`JSVZLK souvenirs. 9 a.m. – 4:30 p.m., Monday – Saturday 5VY[O ,U[YHUJL U 6YPLU[H[PV :V\[O ;OLH[LY U 6YPLU[H[PV ;OLH[LY ,U[YHUJL ,U[YHUJL :LUH[L (WWVPU[TLU[ ,THUJPWH[PVU/HSS +LZR

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U PUN:[H[PV ,U[YHUJL 5\YZ L DINING *HWP[VS*HM Capitol Cafe (Lower Level): Freshly-made soups, salads, specialty entrées, pizzas, sandwiches, desserts, and beverages reflect the diverse bounty of America. :V\[O5VY[O 8:30 a.m. – 4 p.m., Monday – Saturday

UNITED STATES CAPITOL VISITOR GUIDE 4 Joseph Ward (1838–1889) South Dakota, by Statues in the Capitol Visitor Center Bruno Beghé, 1963. Missionary and educator. Leader in The National Statuary Hall Collection in the Capitol is comprised of movement for South Dakota statehood. Ordained statues donated by individual states. Each state is represented by in Yankton, of Dakota Territory. Opened Yankton Academy and was instrumental in two statues chosen by their legislature to honor notable citizens. founding Yankton College. Drafted State The 25 statues on display in the Capitol Visitor Center (24 from constitution, and composed State motto and The National Statuary Hall Collection) represent the diversity of the description for the State seal. country and the contributions made by its citizens. William Edgar Borah (1865 –1940) Idaho, Bronze by Bryant Baker, 1947. Dates in italics indicate year that the statue was added to the Collection. Lawyer, U.S. Senator 1907–1940. As Chairman of the Committee on Education and Labor, sponsored bills that created the Department of Labor and the Children’s Bureau. Philo T. Farnsworth (1906–1971) Utah, Bronze Chairman of the Senate Committee on by James R. Avati, 1990. Inventor. Called “the father of Foreign Relations. Outstanding orator, television” for devising an early electronic television known as the “Lion of Idaho.” system, which he first conceived in high school. Early televisions used 100 of his patents. Received John L. “Jack” Swigert, Jr. (1931–1982) more than 160 patents for inventions used in the Colorado, Bronze by George and Mark Lundeen, 1997. development of the infrared night light, electron Pilot and astronaut. Air Force combat pilot in microscope, baby incubator, gastroscope, astro- Korea and test pilot. One of three crew members nomical telescope, and radar. Shown holding an aboard 1970 National Aeronautics and Space electronic camera tube that he invented in the 1920s. Administration (NASA) Apollo 13 moon mission, aborted after an oxygen tank Po’pay (1630?–before 1692) , Marble by Cliff ruptured. Crew spent almost six Fragua, 2005. Pueblo religious and spiritual leader. Born days in space. Executive director of in San Juan Pueblo, now New Mexico. Organizer of the House Committee on Science and Pueblo Revolt against the Spanish in 1680, which helped Technology. Elected to House of ensure the survival of the Pueblo culture and shaped the Representatives in history of the American Southwest. Holds a bear 1982, but died one week fetish and the knotted rope used to coordinate the before taking office. timing of the uprising; the sculpture includes a pot, a symbol of Pueblo culture. Chief Washakie (1800?–1900) Wyoming, Bronze by Dave McGary, 2000. (1880–1973) Montana, Bronze Warrior and spokesman for Shoshone tribe. by Terry Minmaugh, 1985. Social worker, lecturer, and Fluent in French, English, and several Native U.S. Representative who served from 1917–1919 American languages. He united several and from 1941–1943. First woman elected to Shoshone bands. Negotiated with the U.S. Congress. Noted lobbyist for peace and women’s Army to ensure preservation of more than rights. Voted against America’s entry into World three million acres in Wyoming as home to Wars I and II. Only to the Shoshone. Given a full U.S. oppose declaration of war on Japan in 1941, military funeral. Details saying, “As a woman I can’t go to war...and I of clothing are finely refuse to send anyone else.” painted in color. Maria L. Sanford (1836–1920) Minnesota, Bronze by Eusebio Francisco Kino (1645–1711) Arizona, Evelyn Raymond, 1958. Educator and champion of women’s Bronze by Suzanne Silvercruys, 1965. Missionary, rights. Supported suffrage for women and the education explorer, and cartographer. Jesuit priest born of ; pioneered the concept of adult in Italy. Led exploratory expeditions to Mexico education and parent-teacher organizations. Graduated and lower California and worked with Pima from Connecticut Normal School. Professor of Indians in southern Arizona. Built missions, history at Swarthmore College. Taught for 20 ranches, and roads in California and Arizona. years at University of Minnesota. One of the first Shown holding an astrolabe, used in calculating women to become a college professor. latitude from the stars.

UNITED STATES CAPITOL VISITOR GUIDE 5 (1844–1891) Nevada, Mother Joseph (1823–1902) Washington, Bronze by Benjamin Victor, 2005. Interpreter, educator, Bronze by Felix W. de Weldon, 1980. and author. Negotiated between her Paiute people Missionary and architect. Born Esther and the U.S. Army. Started a school for Native Pariseau near Montreal, Canada. American children, teaching in both the native Became a Catholic nun at age 20. Led language and English. Her autobiography, Life among missionaries to the U.S. Pacific Northwest the Piutes: Their Wrongs and Claims, was the first book Territories, including the future State written by a Native American woman. Holds a of Washington. Designed, oversaw shellflower, her name in the Paiute language. construction, and raised funds for 11 hospitals, seven academies, five (1880–1968) Native American schools, and two orphanages. Shown on the pedestal Alabama, Bronze by Edward are drafting instruments and images of some of her buildings. Hlavka, 2009. Author, lecturer, and activist for persons with disabilities and for other social causes. Became blind and deaf following an illness The Statue of Freedom in infancy. Learned sign language, speech, The original plaster model for the bronze and Braille. First blind and deaf person Statue of Freedom atop the Capitol to graduate from college. Known as Dome has been restored and is now the “America’s goodwill ambassador to the focal point of Emancipation Hall in the world.” Shown as a seven-year-old child Capitol Visitor Center, giving visitors at the water pump at her home in an up-close view of the allegorical Tuscumbia, Alabama, where she first understood the signed figure. The model is 19½ feet word “water” and learned to communicate. tall and weighs approximately (1788?–1812) North Dakota, 13,000 pounds. Bronze, replica of 1910 statue by Leonard Crunelle, In 1857, Thomas Crawford, an American sculptor 2003. Interpreter and guide. In 1805, carrying her newborn son, assisted working in Rome, completed the plaster model for Northwest Expedition headed by the Statue of Freedom. After Crawford’s death, Meriwether Lewis and William another American sculptor, , was hired Clark in what is today North to cast the statue at his foundry in the District of Dakota. Her presence Columbia. When the worker who had put the was a sign to tribes plaster model together refused to disassemble it that the expedition unless his unreasonable demands for extra pay was peaceful. Honored were met, , an enslaved craftsman as traveler, translator, owned by Clark Mills, determined how to diplomat, wife, and mother. separate the sections so they could be Named Sakakawea, or “Bird moved to the foundry for casting. Woman,” by her Hidatsa tribe. King At the foundry, Reid was put in charge (1758?–1819) Hawaii, Bronze of keeping the fire going under the and gold, replica of 1879 statue by molds, and he worked with other Thomas R. Gould, 1969. Warrior enslaved laborers as the sections of and king. Unified all the the plaster model were cast into bronze. inhabited islands of Hawaii Philip Reid was emancipated shortly before under his rule. Encouraged the completed bronze statue was moved to trade and opened Hawaii to the Capitol Grounds in 1862, and he was a the rest of the world. Also called free man when the last piece was put in place Kamehameha the Great. Shown on the Dome on December 2, 1863. wearing the gilded regalia of Hawaiian royalty including a The plaster model for the Statue of Freedom stands helmet and a cloak of Hawaii prominently at the west side of Emancipation Hall Mamo bird feathers. in front of the entrance to Exhibition Hall.

UNITED STATES CAPITOL VISITOR GUIDE 6 Statues on the Upper Level of the Capitol Visitor Center Statues Elsewhere in the Capitol Visitor Center The following four statues are located on the Upper Level East Lobby The following six statues from the National Statuary Hall Collection overlooking Emancipation Hall. are located in areas of the Capitol Visitor Center outside of the public space. If you are interested in seeing any of these statues, please speak to a Julius Sterling Morton (1832–1902) Visitor Assistant. Nebraska, Bronze by Rudulph Evans, 1937. Farmer, legislator, and cabinet member. Founder of John M. Clayton (1796–1856) Delaware Arbor Day, celebrated on his birthday, April 22. James Z. George (1826–1897) Mississippi Staked a claim in Nebraska before it was a Wade Hampton (1818–1902) territory. Member of territorial legis- lature and appointed secretary of the Ephraim McDowell (1771–1830) Kentucky territory. Served as President Cleveland’s Dr. John McLoughlin (1784–1857) Oregon Secretary of Agriculture. Began to edit Gen. E. Kirby Smith (1824–1893) Florida the multivolume Illustrated History of Nebraska. Seen at the base of the sculpture are a tree trunk, sapling, pruning shears, and shovel symbol- izing Arbor Day. Honoring Human Rights Leaders Edward Douglass White (1845–1921) (1818–1895) was born , Bronze by Arthur C. Morgan, 1955. Lawyer, into slavery in Talbot County, Maryland. state legislator, U.S. Senator 1891–1894, U.S. He became one of the country’s most Supreme Court justice 1894–1921, and influential advocates for civil and human served as Chief Justice of the United States rights. After escaping slavery in 1838, he 1910–1921. Enlisted in the Confederate moved to New Bedford, Massachusetts, Army at age 16, but later as Supreme Court and became involved in the abolition justice supported the right of African movement. He wrote three autobiographies, Americans to vote. Appointed to Supreme and in Rochester, New York, where he lived Court by President Cleveland. for 25 years, he published the country’s (1886–1974) Alaska, Bronze leading African American newspaper. by George Anthonisen, 1977. Journalist, Governor During the Civil War Douglass recruited of the Territory of Alaska, and U.S. Senator soldiers for the new African American 1959–1969. Graduated from medical school, but regiments. He moved to Washington, D.C., in became a reporter, editor, and managing 1872, where he was several times appointed editor in Boston and New York. Appointed to public office, and died there in 1895. to Alaska International Highway Douglass worked tirelessly throughout his life for voting rights for Commission. Served as governor from African Americans and women, equal rights for freedmen, and 1939 until retirement in 1953. One of anti-lynching laws. By an , a statue of Frederick first two Senators from Alaska. Called Douglass created by Steven Weitzman and donated by the District “the father of Alaska Statehood.” of Columbia was placed in Emancipation Hall on June 19, 2013. James P. Clarke (1854–1916) Arkansas, Marble Born into slavery as Isabella Baumfree in 1797, Sojourner by , 1921. Lawyer, state legislator Truth was first sold at auction at about age nine. By the age of and attorney general, governor, and U.S. Senator 30, Isabella had been enslaved by five owners, 1903–1916. Twice elected President pro tempore but in 1826 she courageously walked away of the Senate. Supported the Panama Canal to be free. Inspired by her religious beliefs, project and Philippine independence. Isabella changed her name to As Chairman of the Senate Commerce and began preaching about abolition and Committee, helped pass employers’ liability women’s rights. Sojourner Truth’s bust by and workmen’s compensation legislation. is the first sculpture to honor an African American woman in the U.S. Capitol. It was unveiled in Emancipation A guide to the National Statuary Hall Collection of State Statues is Hall in April 2009. available as a free mobile app via the Apple App Store and Google Play. Raoul Wallenberg www.visitthecapitol.gov/apps was a Swedish diplomat who, through his country’s legation in Budapest during World War II, helped save the lives of tens of thousands of Jews RESPECTING CAPITOL ART threatened by the occupying Nazi forces and During your visit, help preserve the Capitol’s statues and other works of art. their Hungarian collaborators. The bust of Enjoy looking at them, but please do not touch them – each touch does Wallenberg by Miri Margolin was accepted some damage. by Congress in 1995.

UNITED STATES CAPITOL VISITOR GUIDE 7 Capitol Tour Reservations and Passes Upon arrival at the Capitol Visitor Center, if you have made a reservation for a tour and have your reservation confirmation or confirmation number with you, please proceed to the Information Desk on the right (north) side of the lower level to receive a Capitol Tour Pass. Upon arrival to the Capitol Visitor Center, if you have not previously made a reservation for a Capitol tour, please proceed to the “Visitors without Reservations” area at the Information Desk located on the left (south) side on the lower level.

PLEASE NOTE: The U.S. Capitol is subject to the unscheduled suspension of tours. Notices will appear on www.visitthecapitol.gov and on social media.

International Follow-along Capitol Tour Handouts with highlights of the tour are available for visitors in languages other than English at the Information Desks on the lower level of the Visitor Center and from Visitor Guides. Languages available are: Amharic, Arabic, Chinese, French, German, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, and Vietnamese. Subscribe to regular updates from the Capitol Visitor Center at www.visitthecapitol.gov/subscribe Thank you for visiting the U.S. Capitol. Your feedback is important to us. Share your experience at [email protected]

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UNITED STATES CAPITOL VISITOR GUIDE 8

CVC#18-035.10