ISOFAR EXPO South Korea 2015 Hall 1 to 10 Printed Sent.Pdf
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Goesan County Chungbuk Province, Republic of Korea WORLD ORGANIC EXPO (WOE) 2015 www.isofar.org IMPRINT CONTACT/COORDINATION Prof. Dr. Ulrich Köpke (ukiol@uni‐bonn.de) Institute of Organic Agriculture Katzenburgweg 3 D‐53115 Bonn Tel. +49‐2 28‐73‐56 16 Fax +49‐2 28‐73‐56 17 E‐Mail: iol@uni‐bonn.de www.iol.uni‐bonn.de Layout: Hannah Becker Christian Dahn Susanne Geuer July, 2013 2 Content Hall 1 ‐ Healthy and resilient soil ………………….. ............................. 5 Hall 2 ‐ Clean water……………………………….. ....................................... 49 Hall 3 & 4 ‐ Clean air and mitigation of climate change……………………………………………………………. .......................... 69 Hall 5 ‐ Enriched biodiversity……………………….. ............................ .99 Hall 6 ‐ Animal welfare………………………………… ........................... 125 Hall 7 ‐ Optimal product and process quality.. ........................... 139 Hall 8 ‐ General human well‐being……………… ............................. 199 Hall 9 ‐ Organic lifestyle……………………………… ............................ 225 Hall 10 ‐ Practical skills for Organic Agriculture… ................... 365 3 4 Goesan County Chungbuk Province, Republic of Korea WORLD ORGANIC EXPO (WOE) 2015 Hall 1 Healthy and resilient soil Authors: Prof. Dr. Mohammed BenKheder and Prof. Dr. Ulrich Köpke www.isofar.org 5 Content A Mission: ..................................................................................................... 8 B Contents .................................................................................................... 9 B 1 Soil fertility – Soil quality .............................................................. 10 B 2 Nutrient management in Organic Agriculture ....................... 10 B3 The prominent role of Soil Organic matter (SOM) – Humus11 B 3.1 Role and function of organic matter .............................................. 12 B 3.2 Maintaining and increasing SOM ..................................................... 13 B 3.3 Cropping systems role – crop rotation design (B 2, i.) ...... 13 B 4 Nitrogen fixation............................................................................... 14 B 5 Mobilizing nutrients – increasing the soil‐root interfac ..... 15 B 5.1 Weathering /Unlocking soil‐nutrients .................................. 15 B 6 Reducing nutrient losses, nitrate leaching .............................. 16 B 7 Inhibit weed growth ........................................................................ 16 B 8 Cover crops and green fallow benefits ..................................... 16 B 9 Tillage and soil conservation ....................................................... 16 B 9.1 The mouldboard plough: ........................................................... 16 B 9.2 Reduced tillage intensity ........................................................... 17 B 10 Soil Biology....................................................................................... 17 B 10.1 Intact soil life: .............................................................................. 17 B 10.2 Abundance of soil organisms: ......................................................... 17 B 10.3 The multifunctional role of soil organisms: .......................... 17 B 10.4 Beneficial plant‐microbial interactions: symbiosis and ... association: .................................................................................................................. 18 B 10.5 Crop protection effects ............................................................. 18 B 11 Controlling, maintaining and monitoring soil fertility ..... 18 B 11.1 Assessing soil quality on‐site: ................................................ 18 B 12 Off‐farm purchased nutrients – manures and fertilizers 19 B 12.1 Basics and principles of use.............................................................. 19 B 12.2 Optimized application .............................................................. 19 B 12.3 Organic nitrogen fertilizers: which, how much, where, ... and when? ..................................................................................................................... 19 B 12.4 Mineral non‐N‐fertilizers ........................................................ 19 6 B 12.5 Organic fertilizers for soil conditioning (basal dressing), supplying nutrients, foliar spray ….. ........................................................... 19 C Central displays .................................................................................... 19 C 1 Sidewall 1: Soil as a life natural body and living entity ....... 20 C 2 Sidewall 2: Soil fertility building ................................................. 20 C 3 Sidewall 3: Cropping systems – crop rotations ...................... 20 C 4 Sidewall 4: Soil conservation ........................................................ 21 C 5. Middle of the hall: ............................................................................ 22 C 5.1 Living stands/plots: ..................................................................... 22 C 5.2 ‘The World of Compost’ ............................................................... 22 C 5.3 The Soil Counter: ........................................................................... 22 IMPRINT ...................................................................................................... 23 CONTACT/COORDINATION .................................................................. 23 7 Hall N°: 1 Title: Healthy and resilient soil A Mission: giving extensive insight to… The keyrole of soil fertility in Organic Agriculture Preserving the soil as the most important resource for agricultural production Healthy soil through organic production systems produces healthy crop that fosters the health of animal and people The organic farmer as a provider of soil conservation /maintainer of soil /manager of soil resilience Tools and technologies that are used in Organic Agriculture to provide and safeguard high soil quality Maintain and/or improve biological, physical and chemical soil fertility by wider and more diversified crop rotation, well‐focused used of organic manure (leguminous green manure) Improved organic matter management and soil health The increase of food production is needed to feed a rapidly increasing world population. The primary purpose of consumers in his choices for esculents and foods is for improved human health and well‐being. Warranting healthy and resilient soil, organic product assurance systems and balanced living and ecological systems and cycles will ensure consumer’s expectations and satisfaction concerning process quality. A crucial component in this endeavor is improvement and maintenance of soil fertility. Organic Agriculture harmonizes the interests of sustainable/perpetuable ecological production, soil conservation, and natural balances. The hall shall display: ‐ The contribution of Organic Agriculture to reach the objective of healthy, fertile, biologically active, and resilient soil with improved structure and enhanced nutrient availability. ‐ Strategies and innovative technologies of soil fertility building in Organic Agriculture. 8 Overall view: Soil as a life natural body and living entity, an ecosystem carrying and containing a broad spectrum of living organisms Soil as the main source of nutrients and medium to feed plants The optimization of soil ‐ root interactions for nutrient management Soil as a basis for biodiversity, food and life An old English saying: Live as if you would die tomorrow, Farm as you would live forever The shortest definition of Organic Agriculture ‘To fulfil our obligations to our descendents and to stabilize our communities, each generation should sustain its resources at a high level and hand them along undiminished’ (William A.Duerr 1968) Features of Organic Agriculture impact on soil conservation management. Various soil functions will be presented on photos, posters and scientific imprints: i.e. ‐ Crop rotations systems for fertility building including legumes, and green manure ‐ Different sources and values of organic matter: crop residues, animal manure/solid/liquid, compost, compost tea, organic fertilizers ….. ‐ High activities of micro and macro‐organisms ‐ Measures for preventing soil erosion and soil degradation ‐ The role of the topsoil ‐ The role of the subsoil – where the hidden half of the soil meets the hidden part of the plant: the rizosphere/drilosphere: typical processes, effect on water and nutrient uptake, mobilizing nutrients from the solid phase B Contents Delivered message: ‘Feed the soil and the soil will feed the plants. The healthy soil results in healthy plants, healthy animals and healthy people’. The ultimate goal is to reach a perpetuity of high soil quality. 9 B 1 Soil fertility – Soil quality Soil fertility is a function of soil use and management, i.e. the ability of soil to sustain crop growth in the long term Soil quality in Organic Agriculture is the capacity to function within the farm boundaries in order to sustain biological productivity and biodiversity, maintain and enhance quality of water, air and climate as well as to promote human health and habitation Soil fertility in Organic Agriculture consists of: i. Production functions, i.e. efficient sustainable net production of crops combined in diversified crop rotations, and ii. Ecological functions, i.e. filter‐ and buffer function of the soil, self‐regulation, resilience and resilience/system stability. Soil fertility has major and measurable impacts to the environment, amongst others the quality of